Pub Date : 1979-12-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90149-6
H. Hoerschelmann, K. Polzhofer, K. Figge, K. Ballschmiter
The content of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls of 46 eggs of sea, coastal and some inland birds and 47 eggs of comparable north German species was determined quantitatively.
The concentration of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in eggs from the Falkland Islands was found to be an order of magnitude lower than those in the eggs of comparable north German species.
It is suggested that the levels of pesticides found in eggs from these isolated islands reflect the general global contamination level.
In contrast with Europe, where the situation is very complex, the consequences of individual changes in local industry and society can be clearly followed in the contamination levels of the eggs.
{"title":"Organochlorpestizide und polychlorierte biphenyle in vogeleiern von den falklandinseln und aus norddeutschland","authors":"H. Hoerschelmann, K. Polzhofer, K. Figge, K. Ballschmiter","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90149-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90149-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The content of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls of 46 eggs of sea, coastal and some inland birds and 47 eggs of comparable north German species was determined quantitatively.</p><p>The concentration of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in eggs from the Falkland Islands was found to be an order of magnitude lower than those in the eggs of comparable north German species.</p><p>It is suggested that the levels of pesticides found in eggs from these isolated islands reflect the general global contamination level.</p><p>In contrast with Europe, where the situation is very complex, the consequences of individual changes in local industry and society can be clearly followed in the contamination levels of the eggs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 247-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90149-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52962512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-12-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90151-4
A.W. Davison, J. Blakemore, C. Craggs
Livestock are protected from fluorosis primarily by ensuring that the fluoride content of their diet is kept below levels such as those suggested by Suttie (1969). This involves sampling forage from fields at relatively infrequent intervals and averaging the results. This paper examines the variation in the fluoride content of forage at several field sites in the United Kingdom and North America. Following discussion of the problems that arise from spatial and temporal variation in the flouride content of forage, recommendations are made concerning sampling technique and frequency of sampling.
{"title":"The fluoride content of forage as an environmental quality standard for the protection of livestock","authors":"A.W. Davison, J. Blakemore, C. Craggs","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90151-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90151-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Livestock are protected from fluorosis primarily by ensuring that the fluoride content of their diet is kept below levels such as those suggested by Suttie (1969). This involves sampling forage from fields at relatively infrequent intervals and averaging the results. This paper examines the variation in the fluoride content of forage at several field sites in the United Kingdom and North America. Following discussion of the problems that arise from spatial and temporal variation in the flouride content of forage, recommendations are made concerning sampling technique and frequency of sampling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 279-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90151-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52962543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-12-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90162-9
{"title":"Viruses and trace contaminants in water and wastewater","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90162-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90162-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 4","pages":"Page 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90162-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"97724078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-12-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90150-2
M.P. Ireland
A study was made of the metal concentrations in the slug Arion ater at two sites. In whole animals, all metals analysed, except magnesium, were higher in concentration at the Cwmystwyth site where high amounts of lead, zinc and manganese but low concentrations of calcium and phosphate were found in vegetation. Individual tissue analyses showed high concentrations of magnesium, zinc, cadmium and phosphate in digestive gland and high concentrations of calcium in digestive gland and mantle. Lead and copper did not concentrate to any extent in a specific tissue. Manganese was located mainly in mantle, skin and foot. Mucus secreted from Cwmystwyth slugs contained high amounts of zinc and manganese, and granules isolated from the digestive gland, more zinc. Both extracts contained less calcium and magnesium than extracts from campus slugs. The results are discussed in relation to metal concentrations in vegetation and soil together with excretion and uptake mechanisms.
{"title":"Distribution of essential and toxic metals in the terrestrial gastropod Arion ater","authors":"M.P. Ireland","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90150-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90150-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A study was made of the metal concentrations in the slug <em>Arion ater</em> at two sites. In whole animals, all metals analysed, except magnesium, were higher in concentration at the Cwmystwyth site where high amounts of lead, zinc and manganese but low concentrations of calcium and phosphate were found in vegetation. Individual tissue analyses showed high concentrations of magnesium, zinc, cadmium and phosphate in digestive gland and high concentrations of calcium in digestive gland and mantle. Lead and copper did not concentrate to any extent in a specific tissue. Manganese was located mainly in mantle, skin and foot. Mucus secreted from Cwmystwyth slugs contained high amounts of zinc and manganese, and granules isolated from the digestive gland, more zinc. Both extracts contained less calcium and magnesium than extracts from campus slugs. The results are discussed in relation to metal concentrations in vegetation and soil together with excretion and uptake mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 271-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90150-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52962536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-12-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90159-9
{"title":"Fate of pollutants in the air and water and environments: Part 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90159-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90159-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 4","pages":"Page 316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90159-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137082945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ammonia injury to vegetation has been observed frequently in Ontario in recent years due primarily to increased agricultural use of liquid ammonia fertilisers. Of twelve major incidents of ammonia injury to vegetation investigated recently, eleven involved the manufacture, storage or transportation of liquid ammonia fertiliser. One case involved spillage of ammonia from a large refrigeration system. Data on foliar injury symptoms and relative susceptibility to ammonia were compiled for over a hundred species of native and cultivated plants injured in these episodes. Symptoms of acute injury on woody plants usually consisted of large, irregular, dark brown or black necrotic lesions scattered over the surface of the leaf. Some thin-leaved herbaceous plants developed necrotic lesions that bleached to an ivory or light tan colour. The most susceptible species were balsam poplar, red mulberry and catnip. Maples and conifers appeared to be very resistant to foliar injury.
{"title":"Toxic effects of ammonia on vegetation in Ontario","authors":"P.J. Temple, D.S. Harper, R.G. Pearson, S.N. Linzon","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90152-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90152-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ammonia injury to vegetation has been observed frequently in Ontario in recent years due primarily to increased agricultural use of liquid ammonia fertilisers. Of twelve major incidents of ammonia injury to vegetation investigated recently, eleven involved the manufacture, storage or transportation of liquid ammonia fertiliser. One case involved spillage of ammonia from a large refrigeration system. Data on foliar injury symptoms and relative susceptibility to ammonia were compiled for over a hundred species of native and cultivated plants injured in these episodes. Symptoms of acute injury on woody plants usually consisted of large, irregular, dark brown or black necrotic lesions scattered over the surface of the leaf. Some thin-leaved herbaceous plants developed necrotic lesions that bleached to an ivory or light tan colour. The most susceptible species were balsam poplar, red mulberry and catnip. Maples and conifers appeared to be very resistant to foliar injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 297-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90152-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52962553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-12-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90161-7
{"title":"Pollutants and high-risk groups. The biological basis of increased human susceptibility to environmental and occupational pollutants","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90161-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90161-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 316-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90161-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"112480023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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