Pub Date : 1979-10-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90082-X
{"title":"Individual on-site wastewater systems. Proceedings of the first and second national conferences, 1974 and 1977","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90082-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90082-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 2","pages":"Page 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90082-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136546959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-10-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90062-4
Beverly S. Ausmus, Susan Kimbrough , Danny R. Jackson, Steve Lindberg
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is an organic contaminant with a potential of ecosystem level impacts. Using pine forest microcosms, the transport and effects of HCB on soil processes were studied. HCB-contaminated litter (0, 0·085, 0·730, 7·42 mg/cm3) was applied to replicate soils in filtered, flow-through microcosm systems. Transport of HCB as H14CB and two soil process parameters—CO2 efflux and Ca loss—were monitored. HCB was mobilised from litter-soil systems by both volatisation and leaching. Both process parameters were altered by HCB: CO2 efflux decreased and Ca loss increased in the HCB-treated microcosms.
{"title":"The behaviour of hexachlorobenzene in pine forest microcosms: Transport and effects on soil processes","authors":"Beverly S. Ausmus, Susan Kimbrough , Danny R. Jackson, Steve Lindberg","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90062-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90062-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is an organic contaminant with a potential of ecosystem level impacts. Using pine forest microcosms, the transport and effects of HCB on soil processes were studied. HCB-contaminated litter (0, 0·085, 0·730, 7·42 mg/cm<sup>3</sup>) was applied to replicate soils in filtered, flow-through microcosm systems. Transport of HCB as H<sup>14</sup>CB and two soil process parameters—CO<sub>2</sub> efflux and Ca loss—were monitored. HCB was mobilised from litter-soil systems by both volatisation and leaching. Both process parameters were altered by HCB: CO<sub>2</sub> efflux decreased and Ca loss increased in the HCB-treated microcosms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90062-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52961671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-10-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90073-9
{"title":"Analysis of urban solid waste services. A systems approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90073-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90073-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 2","pages":"Page 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90073-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"103113518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-10-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90060-0
M.H. Wong, K.Y. Chung
This paper attempts to assess the use of the unicellular green lga, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, as an indicator of the fertility of several soil types, namely red-yellow podzol, red earth, garden soil, sludge-amended garden soil, iron-ore tailings and eroded soil (red-yellow podzol).
C. pyrenoidosa was cultivated in the water extracts of the above samples in the laboratory. It was discovered that a descending order of growth rate and chlorophyll content of the algae was obtained: garden soil, sludge-amended garden soil, red-yellow podzol, red earth, eroded soil and iron-ore tailings.
In order to test the soil fertility for higher plants, tomato Lycopersicon esculentum was cultivated in the soil samples for a period of two months. Dry weights of the crops were measured at the end of the trial period. The results, in descending order of dry weight, were as follows: garden soil, red-yellow podzol, sludge-amended garden soil, red earth, iron-ore tailings and eroded soil.
A soil chemical nutrient analysis was also carried out and it was found that the soils which gave higher production of both plants were rich in macronutrients, i.e. total nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium, with the exception of the iron-ore tailings. The last possessed a higher content of trace elements, e.g. iron, lead, copper, manganese and chromium, which would inhibit the growth of both flora, although a rather higher content of macronutrients also existed.
According to the above results, it was concluded that cultivation of unicellular green algae in soil extracts may be used for assessing the chemical contents of the soils. However, more detailed experiments involving more species of both algae and higher plants and soil types should be conducted before a definite conclusion can be drawn.
{"title":"Cultivation of unicellular green algae as an assessment of soil fertility?","authors":"M.H. Wong, K.Y. Chung","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90060-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90060-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper attempts to assess the use of the unicellular green lga, <em>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</em>, as an indicator of the fertility of several soil types, namely red-yellow podzol, red earth, garden soil, sludge-amended garden soil, iron-ore tailings and eroded soil (red-yellow podzol).</p><p><em>C. pyrenoidosa</em> was cultivated in the water extracts of the above samples in the laboratory. It was discovered that a descending order of growth rate and chlorophyll content of the algae was obtained: garden soil, sludge-amended garden soil, red-yellow podzol, red earth, eroded soil and iron-ore tailings.</p><p>In order to test the soil fertility for higher plants, tomato <em>Lycopersicon esculentum</em> was cultivated in the soil samples for a period of two months. Dry weights of the crops were measured at the end of the trial period. The results, in descending order of dry weight, were as follows: garden soil, red-yellow podzol, sludge-amended garden soil, red earth, iron-ore tailings and eroded soil.</p><p>A soil chemical nutrient analysis was also carried out and it was found that the soils which gave higher production of both plants were rich in macronutrients, i.e. total nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium, with the exception of the iron-ore tailings. The last possessed a higher content of trace elements, e.g. iron, lead, copper, manganese and chromium, which would inhibit the growth of both flora, although a rather higher content of macronutrients also existed.</p><p>According to the above results, it was concluded that cultivation of unicellular green algae in soil extracts may be used for assessing the chemical contents of the soils. However, more detailed experiments involving more species of both algae and higher plants and soil types should be conducted before a definite conclusion can be drawn.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90060-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52961645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-10-01DOI: 10.1016/0013-9327(79)90065-X
John S. Fezy, David F. Spencer , Richard W. Greene
The effect of nickel on the growth of the freshwater diatom Navicula pelliculosa was determined by noting differences in the growth rate and number of cells present in laboratory cultures exposed to 0, 100, 300 and 600 μg/litre nickel for 14 days. Nickel concentrations as low as 100 μg/litre (1·7 × 10−6M) reduced the population growth rate by 50% and led to decreased 14-day cell numbers. Calculation of the equilibrium composition of the culture medium showed that 99·8% of the total nickel added existed as Ni+2. The occurrence of Ni+2 in the medium was associated with reduced algal growth.
{"title":"The effect of nickel on the growth of the freshwater diatom Navicula pelliculosa","authors":"John S. Fezy, David F. Spencer , Richard W. Greene","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90065-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-9327(79)90065-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of nickel on the growth of the freshwater diatom <em>Navicula pelliculosa</em> was determined by noting differences in the growth rate and number of cells present in laboratory cultures exposed to 0, 100, 300 and 600 μg/litre nickel for 14 days. Nickel concentrations as low as 100 μg/litre (1·7 × 10<sup>−6</sup>M) reduced the population growth rate by 50% and led to decreased 14-day cell numbers. Calculation of the equilibrium composition of the culture medium showed that 99·8% of the total nickel added existed as Ni<sup>+2</sup>. The occurrence of Ni<sup>+2</sup> in the medium was associated with reduced algal growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100482,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution (1970)","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 131-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-9327(79)90065-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52961697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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