Pub Date : 2015-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.09.001
António Robalo , Astrid Kainzbauer , Inês Durão
The goal of this paper is to identify Portuguese cultural standards from the perspective of Austrian culture.
The Cultural Standards Method is based on interviews with members of one culture who have extended working experience in a different culture. This method, based on a qualitative research approach, seeks to identify cultural differences on a subtler level than more traditional methods, such as cultural dimensions.
The Portuguese cultural standards identified through interviews with 20 Austrians are as follows: fluid time management, relaxed attitude towards professional performance, importance of social relationships, bureaucracy and slow decision-making processes, indirect communication style, and flexible planning and organisational skills.
{"title":"Portuguese cultural standards from an Austrian perspective","authors":"António Robalo , Astrid Kainzbauer , Inês Durão","doi":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The goal of this paper is to identify Portuguese cultural standards from the perspective of Austrian culture.</p><p>The Cultural Standards Method is based on interviews with members of one culture who have extended working experience in a different culture. This method, based on a qualitative research approach, seeks to identify cultural differences on a subtler level than more traditional methods, such as cultural dimensions.</p><p>The Portuguese cultural standards identified through interviews with 20 Austrians are as follows: fluid time management, relaxed attitude towards professional performance, importance of social relationships, bureaucracy and slow decision-making processes, indirect communication style, and flexible planning and organisational skills.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77213946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.11.001
Bo Edvardsson
{"title":"Invited Commentary – Relative or absolute measures and metrics: That is the question?","authors":"Bo Edvardsson","doi":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 26-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91763335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.04.001
Mohammad Alipour , Mohammad Ebrahim Pejman
{"title":"The impact of performance measures, leverage and efficiency on market value added: Evidence from Iran","authors":"Mohammad Alipour , Mohammad Ebrahim Pejman","doi":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"6-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72279977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.02.001
David B. Johnson , Robert J. Oxoby
{"title":"Can interaction be the primary focus of in-group biases?","authors":"David B. Johnson , Robert J. Oxoby","doi":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72280033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the mutual relationship between banking sector development, insurance sector development, and economic growth in the G-20 countries between 1980 and 2012. Our results demonstrate that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between these three variables. We then use a panel vector auto-regression model to reveal the nature of Granger causality among these three variables. As expected, we find that both banking sector development and economic growth Granger cause insurance sector development.
{"title":"The dynamics of insurance sector development, banking sector development and economic growth: Evidence from G-20 countries","authors":"Rudra Prakash Pradhan , Sahar Bahmani , Marepalli Uday Kiran","doi":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines the mutual relationship between banking sector development, insurance sector development, and economic growth in the G-20 countries between 1980 and 2012. Our results demonstrate that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between these three variables. We then use a panel vector auto-regression model to reveal the nature of Granger causality among these three variables. As expected, we find that both banking sector development and economic growth Granger cause insurance sector development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"Pages 16-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gemrev.2015.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75696076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gemrev.2014.12.001
Priyodorshi Banerjee , Sujoy Chakravarty
We find that dictator giving is higher in group environments, where the dictator and recipient share a common group affiliation, and the funds are group-owned, than in the benchmark individual environment, where the dictator and recipient do not share a group affiliation, and the funds are owned by the dictator. A move to the group environment from the individual environment involves two distinct shifts: one, a shift in affiliation, where the dictator gives to a group member, rather than just a randomly matched partner out of his own fund, and, two, a shift in ownership, where the dictator gives out of group-owned rather than personal funds, in either case to a group member. We implemented these two shifts through linguistic framing of instructions. Our results show that,although simple group framing does lead to a somewhat higher give rate, group framing combined with joint psychological ownership of the endowment leads to significantly higher average offers in the dictator game.
{"title":"Psychological ownership, group affiliation and other-regarding behaviour: Some evidence from dictator games","authors":"Priyodorshi Banerjee , Sujoy Chakravarty","doi":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2014.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gemrev.2014.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We find that dictator giving is higher in group environments, where the dictator and recipient share a common group affiliation, and the funds are group-owned, than in the benchmark individual environment, where the dictator and recipient do not share a group affiliation, and the funds are owned by the dictator. A move to the group environment from the individual environment involves two distinct shifts: one, a shift in affiliation, where the dictator gives to a group member, rather than just a randomly matched partner out of his own fund, and, two, a shift in ownership, where the dictator gives out of group-owned rather than personal funds, in either case to a group member. We implemented these two shifts through linguistic framing of instructions. Our results show that,although simple group framing does lead to a somewhat higher give rate, group framing combined with joint psychological ownership of the endowment leads to significantly higher average offers in the dictator game.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"Pages 3-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gemrev.2014.12.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77221887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70007-0
Michael A. West
Creating a culture of high-quality care in health services requires an understanding of the key elements of culture and consideration of how such elements can be nurtured. This paper draws on extensive research within the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) to describe the importance of visions of high-quality care that are not just promulgated by leaders, but also enacted at every level of a health-care system. It is also necessary to set clear challenging objectives to improve quality at all levels. The research shows that a key determinant of health care is the extent to which staff are managed effectively by promoting their satisfaction and commitment via supportive, compassionate, respectful, and appreciative supervisory leadership, along with appropriately designed human resource management practices. Staff engagement is higher in positive, optimistic, and supportive work-place climates and where there are high levels of trust in leadership. Teamwork is fundamental to high-quality care, but requires well-defined teams with clear objectives, interdependent working, and regular reviews of team performance.
{"title":"Creating a culture of high-quality care in health services","authors":"Michael A. West","doi":"10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70007-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70007-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Creating a culture of high-quality care in health services requires an understanding of the key elements of culture and consideration of how such elements can be nurtured. This paper draws on extensive research within the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) to describe the importance of visions of high-quality care that are not just promulgated by leaders, but also enacted at every level of a health-care system. It is also necessary to set clear challenging objectives to improve quality at all levels. The research shows that a key determinant of health care is the extent to which staff are managed effectively by promoting their satisfaction and commitment via supportive, compassionate, respectful, and appreciative supervisory leadership, along with appropriately designed human resource management practices. Staff engagement is higher in positive, optimistic, and supportive work-place climates and where there are high levels of trust in leadership. Teamwork is fundamental to high-quality care, but requires well-defined teams with clear objectives, interdependent working, and regular reviews of team performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"18 2","pages":"Pages 40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70007-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81559376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70006-9
Rashmi Chaturvedi , Brian Armstrong , Alok Chaturvedi , Dan Dolk , Paul Drnevich
Agent-based modeling and simulation (ABS) is emerging as a key technology that is helping to enhance the understanding of social sciences. Systems ranging from organizations to economies and societies can be modeled to provide insights in ways that were previously not possible with quantitative approaches. The Sentient World Simulation (SWS) is an ultra-large-scale ABS developed to capture a comprehensive view of “Whole of Government” operations. The SWS supports a strategic geopolitical perspective that captures the interplay between military operations and the social, political, and economic landscapes. The SWS consists of a synthetic environment that mirrors the real world in all its key aspects. Models of individuals within the synthetic world represent the traits and mimic the behaviors of their real-world counterparts. As models influence each other and the shared synthetic environment, behaviors and trends emerge in the synthetic world as they do in the real world. The SWS reacts to actual events and incorporates newly sensed data from the real world into the virtual environment. Trends in the synthetic world can be analyzed to validate alternate worldviews. The SWS provides an open, unbiased environment in which to implement diverse models. This results in a single holistic framework that integrates existing theories, paradigms, and courses of action.
{"title":"Got a problem? Agent-based modeling becomes mainstream","authors":"Rashmi Chaturvedi , Brian Armstrong , Alok Chaturvedi , Dan Dolk , Paul Drnevich","doi":"10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70006-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70006-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agent-based modeling and simulation (ABS) is emerging as a key technology that is helping to enhance the understanding of social sciences. Systems ranging from organizations to economies and societies can be modeled to provide insights in ways that were previously not possible with quantitative approaches. The Sentient World Simulation (SWS) is an ultra-large-scale ABS developed to capture a comprehensive view of “Whole of Government” operations. The SWS supports a strategic geopolitical perspective that captures the interplay between military operations and the social, political, and economic landscapes. The SWS consists of a synthetic environment that mirrors the real world in all its key aspects. Models of individuals within the synthetic world represent the traits and mimic the behaviors of their real-world counterparts. As models influence each other and the shared synthetic environment, behaviors and trends emerge in the synthetic world as they do in the real world. The SWS reacts to actual events and incorporates newly sensed data from the real world into the virtual environment. Trends in the synthetic world can be analyzed to validate alternate worldviews. The SWS provides an open, unbiased environment in which to implement diverse models. This results in a single holistic framework that integrates existing theories, paradigms, and courses of action.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100585,"journal":{"name":"Global Economics and Management Review","volume":"18 2","pages":"Pages 33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S2340-1540(13)70006-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82610466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}