Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300771
Yiqiao Bao , Evan McNeil , William F. Hickey , Chun-Chieh Lin , George Zanazzi
Tumors that metastasize to the central nervous system rarely invade the pineal region. Many reports suggest that metastasis to the pineal region occurs as a solitary event. Here, we present the first case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the pancreas metastasizing to the pineal gland. Autopsy of this 90-year-old man revealed leptomeningeal involvement and multiple intracranial metastatic lesions, including the fourth ventricle and the cerebellum, in addition to the pineal gland. These lesions may have contributed to his symptoms of falling and insomnia, agitation, and aggressive behaviors during the several months prior to his metastatic pancreatic cancer diagnosis and death. We also review the primary sites and other intracranial metastasis sites in 279 reported cases of pineal region metastases, and highlight the possibility of multiple intracranial lesions in patients with pineal gland metastasis.
{"title":"Pineal gland invasion and leptomeningeal dissemination of pancreatic mucinous adenocarcinoma","authors":"Yiqiao Bao , Evan McNeil , William F. Hickey , Chun-Chieh Lin , George Zanazzi","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tumors that metastasize to the central nervous system rarely invade the pineal region. Many reports suggest that metastasis to the pineal region occurs as a solitary event. Here, we present the first case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the pancreas metastasizing to the pineal gland. Autopsy of this 90-year-old man revealed leptomeningeal involvement and multiple intracranial metastatic lesions, including the fourth ventricle and the cerebellum, in addition to the pineal gland. These lesions may have contributed to his symptoms of falling and insomnia, agitation, and aggressive behaviors during the several months prior to his metastatic pancreatic cancer diagnosis and death. We also review the primary sites and other intracranial metastasis sites in 279 reported cases of pineal region metastases, and highlight the possibility of multiple intracranial lesions in patients with pineal gland metastasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 300771"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300769
Rayan Sibira , Anna Vu , Ryan Martinez , Emilian Racila , Siddhartha Sen , Diana Oramas
Background
Lipoblastoma is a benign tumor arising from embryonic white fat, commonly observed in infancy and early childhood. It manifests in two pathologically identical forms: circumscribed and diffuse. Typically, it is found in the extremities, trunk, and head and neck regions. The genetic hallmark involves clonal rearrangements of the chromosomal region 8q11 > q13 (8q12). The oncogene PLAG1 (pleomorphic adenoma gene 1) is situated on band 8q12. PLAG1 gene rearrangements have been identified in various lipomatous tumors and, more recently, in a superficial spindle cell lipoma.
Here, we present the case of a 54-year-old gentleman with a sizable right pleural mass, histologically characterized as a spindle cell lipomatous tumor. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse expression of CD34 in spindle cells, mosaic staining of RB1, diffuse positivity for p16, and patchy positivity for desmin, while adipocytes were positive for S100. Remarkably, the next-generation sequencing assay unveiled a previously unreported RUNX1T1::PLAG1 fusion, in addition to RB1 gene deletion. The patient underwent excision of the right pleural mass. Based on morphology, location, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis, this results confirms pleural-based (deep seated) lipomatous tumor with features of lipoblastoma and spindle cell lipoma. This case introduces a unique pleural-based lipomatous tumor with a novel PLAG1 fusion partner, associated with RB1 gene deletion, further expanding the spectrum of genetic findings within this category of lipogenic neoplasms.
{"title":"Pleura-Based Lipomatous Neoplasm with RUNX1T1::PLAG1 Rearrangement and RB1 Gene Deletion","authors":"Rayan Sibira , Anna Vu , Ryan Martinez , Emilian Racila , Siddhartha Sen , Diana Oramas","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lipoblastoma is a benign tumor arising from embryonic white fat, commonly observed in infancy and early childhood. It manifests in two pathologically identical forms: circumscribed and diffuse. Typically, it is found in the extremities, trunk, and head and neck regions. The genetic hallmark involves clonal rearrangements of the chromosomal region 8q11 > q13 (8q12). The oncogene <em>PLAG1</em> (pleomorphic adenoma gene 1) is situated on band 8q12. <em>PLAG1</em> gene rearrangements have been identified in various lipomatous tumors and, more recently, in a superficial spindle cell lipoma.</div><div>Here, we present the case of a 54-year-old gentleman with a sizable right pleural mass, histologically characterized as a spindle cell lipomatous tumor. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse expression of CD34 in spindle cells, mosaic staining of RB1, diffuse positivity for p16, and patchy positivity for desmin, while adipocytes were positive for S100. Remarkably, the next-generation sequencing assay unveiled a previously unreported <em>RUNX1T1::PLAG1</em> fusion, in addition to <em>RB1</em> gene deletion. The patient underwent excision of the right pleural mass. Based on morphology, location, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis, this results confirms pleural-based (deep seated) lipomatous tumor with features of lipoblastoma and spindle cell lipoma. This case introduces a unique pleural-based lipomatous tumor with a novel <em>PLAG1</em> fusion partner, associated with <em>RB1</em> gene deletion, further expanding the spectrum of genetic findings within this category of lipogenic neoplasms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 300769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300768
Lo Man Lai , Mercedeh Tajdar , Ann Janssens , Peter Vandenberghe , Gert De Hertogh , Wouter Van Den Bogaert
Occult breast cancer (OBC) presents most commonly as solid tumor metastases when there is no clinically detectable primary breast lesion. We encountered a rare case of OBC in a 56-year-old woman mainly manifesting as cancer-related microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (CR-MAHA). She died suddenly during hospitalization and an autopsy was performed. Macroscopically, no primary tumor was identified. Microscopically, a massive number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were observed in almost all biopsied organs. The morphology and the immunohistochemical profile were consistent with pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (PLC) of the breast. Therefore, this is a rare case of OBC presenting exclusively in the form of CTCs originating from PLC. Awareness of this rare clinical presentation can aid in the correct diagnosis and appropriate patient management in the future.
{"title":"Occult pleomorphic lobular breast carcinoma presenting exclusively as microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and circulating tumor cells: An autopsy case report","authors":"Lo Man Lai , Mercedeh Tajdar , Ann Janssens , Peter Vandenberghe , Gert De Hertogh , Wouter Van Den Bogaert","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occult breast cancer (OBC) presents most commonly as solid tumor metastases when there is no clinically detectable primary breast lesion. We encountered a rare case of OBC in a 56-year-old woman mainly manifesting as cancer-related microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (CR-MAHA). She died suddenly during hospitalization and an autopsy was performed. Macroscopically, no primary tumor was identified. Microscopically, a massive number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were observed in almost all biopsied organs. The morphology and the immunohistochemical profile were consistent with pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (PLC) of the breast. Therefore, this is a rare case of OBC presenting exclusively in the form of CTCs originating from PLC. Awareness of this rare clinical presentation can aid in the correct diagnosis and appropriate patient management in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 300768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We experienced a 46-year-old man with rapidly declining renal function over the past 5 years. By strict diet and exercise regimen, he reduced his body mass index (BMI) from 35.1 to 24.8 over 15 months, which prevented the progression of renal dysfunction for the next 10 years. Kidney biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) corresponding to obesity-related glomerulopathy. Besides suppressing the progression of renal function decline, resolution of the significant obesity reduced proteinuria and improved blood pressure control. We concluded that obesity itself caused FSGS, probably via hyperfiltration, which caused refractory hypertension and triggered proteinuria, resulting in renal function decline.
{"title":"Case of obesity-related glomerulopathy treated by pronounced weight loss by diet and exercise","authors":"Hisashi Sugimoto , Naoki Sawa , Yuki Oba , Daisuke Ikuma , Akinari Sekine , Hiroki Mizuno , Masayuki Yamanouchi , Eiko Hasegawa , Tatsuya Suwabe , Kiho Tanaka , Kei Kono , Keiichi Kinowaki , Kenichi Ohashi , Yutaka Yamaguchi , Yoshifumi Ubara","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We experienced a 46-year-old man with rapidly declining renal function over the past 5 years. By strict diet and exercise regimen, he reduced his body mass index (BMI) from 35.1 to 24.8 over 15 months, which prevented the progression of renal dysfunction for the next 10 years. Kidney biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) corresponding to obesity-related glomerulopathy. Besides suppressing the progression of renal function decline, resolution of the significant obesity reduced proteinuria and improved blood pressure control. We concluded that obesity itself caused FSGS, probably via hyperfiltration, which caused refractory hypertension and triggered proteinuria, resulting in renal function decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 300765"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300766
Joey Yan Leng Tan , Lavisha S. Punjabi , Suraya Zainul-Abidin , Jian Yuan Goh , Sathiyamoorthy Selvarajan
Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumour (SCPFT) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm of borderline malignancy. It typically presents as a painless, slow-growing, well-circumscribed subcutaneous mass in adults, most commonly in the lower limbs. It is commonly associated with PRDM10 rearrangements.
A 57-year-old lady presented with a left posterior calf lump of 10 years duration. MRI showed a subcutaneous mass measuring 3.9x2.9 cm. Excision showed a moderately cellular tumour composed of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged in fascicles and a vague storiform pattern. There was multi-focal moderate nuclear atypia, but no necrosis or significant mitotic activity. In some areas, the tumour cells showed lipidized cytoplasm, and focally, a haemosiderotic appearance. It stained diffusely positive for CD34 and WT1, and showed rare positive staining for SMA, S100, MUC4 and EMA. It was negative for desmin, caldesmon, ALK, SOX10, ERG, MNF116 and pan-TRK. Ki67 proliferative index was 3 % to 5 %. Archer FusionPlex Pan-Solid Tumour V2 Next-Generation Sequencing Assay detected a MED12 (exon 43) :: chr4 intergenic :: PRDM10 (exon 14) gene fusion. The surgical margins were positive for tumour, hence a repeat MRI was performed which showed changes indeterminate for post-surgical changes or small residual focus. There was no recurrence at 1 year follow-up.
PRDM10 rearrangements have been reported in SCPFT. Fusion partners include MED12. To our understanding, this is the first case of SCPFT harboring a three-way fusion that includes the intergenic region of chromosome 4 – its impact remains uncertain.
{"title":"Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumour with MED12 :: chr4 intergenic :: PRDM10 fusion: A case report","authors":"Joey Yan Leng Tan , Lavisha S. Punjabi , Suraya Zainul-Abidin , Jian Yuan Goh , Sathiyamoorthy Selvarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumour (SCPFT) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm of borderline malignancy. It typically presents as a painless, slow-growing, well-circumscribed subcutaneous mass in adults, most commonly in the lower limbs. It is commonly associated with <em>PRDM10</em> rearrangements.</div><div>A 57-year-old lady presented with a left posterior calf lump of 10 years duration. MRI showed a subcutaneous mass measuring 3.9x2.9 cm. Excision showed a moderately cellular tumour composed of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged in fascicles and a vague storiform pattern. There was multi-focal moderate nuclear atypia, but no necrosis or significant mitotic activity. In some areas, the tumour cells showed lipidized cytoplasm, and focally, a haemosiderotic appearance. It stained diffusely positive for CD34 and WT1, and showed rare positive staining for SMA, S100, MUC4 and EMA. It was negative for desmin, caldesmon, ALK, SOX10, ERG, MNF116 and pan-TRK. Ki67 proliferative index was 3 % to 5 %. Archer FusionPlex Pan-Solid Tumour V2 Next-Generation Sequencing Assay detected a <em>MED12</em> (exon 43) :: chr4 intergenic :: <em>PRDM10</em> (exon 14) gene fusion. The surgical margins were positive for tumour, hence a repeat MRI was performed which showed changes indeterminate for post-surgical changes or small residual focus. There was no recurrence at 1 year follow-up.</div><div><em>PRDM10</em> rearrangements have been reported in SCPFT. Fusion partners include <em>MED12</em>. To our understanding, this is the first case of SCPFT harboring a three-way fusion that includes the intergenic region of chromosome 4 – its impact remains uncertain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 300766"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300764
Courtney F. Connelly , Sudarshana Roychoudhury , Yan Peng , Hua Guo , Roshni Rao
Approximately 20–25% of ovarian cancers, 5–10% of uterine cancers, and 5–10% of breast cancers are attributable to inherited pathogenic genetic alterations. Identifying characteristic germline mutations is crucial for patient management, as appropriate surveillance and further surgical interventions for risk-reduction may be considered in such groups. Hereditary breast and ovarian syndrome (HBOC) are characterized by inherited pathogenic germline mutations, the majority of which are attributable to pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants, among many other genes including MMR genes, TP53, PTEN, PALB2, ATM and BARD1, etc. These cases often have distinctive morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, which when recognized by the pathologist may encourage further genetic consultation and testing for the patient. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas display more aggressive pathologic features than their sporadic counterparts. High-grade serous carcinoma is the most predominant type of ovarian neoplasm in BRCA1/2 variant-associated cases, with often solid, pseudo-endometrioid, or transitional (SET) morphologic pattern. BRCA1-associated breast cancer more frequently exhibits a medullary pattern with prominent tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and a triple-negative phenotype. BRCA2-associated tumors in comparison have a more heterogenous histologic phenotype. This article reviews the histopathologic features of hereditary gynecologic and breast cancer syndromes and discusses surveillance and surgical considerations for these patients.
{"title":"Gynecologic and breast cancers with hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes","authors":"Courtney F. Connelly , Sudarshana Roychoudhury , Yan Peng , Hua Guo , Roshni Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Approximately 20–25% of ovarian cancers, 5–10% of uterine cancers, and 5–10% of breast cancers are attributable to inherited pathogenic genetic alterations. Identifying characteristic germline mutations is crucial for patient management, as appropriate surveillance and further surgical interventions for risk-reduction may be considered in such groups. Hereditary breast and ovarian syndrome (HBOC) are characterized by inherited pathogenic germline mutations, the majority of which are attributable to pathogenic <em>BRCA1</em> or <em>BRCA2</em> variants, among many other genes including <em>MMR</em> genes, <em>TP53</em>, <em>PTEN</em>, <em>PALB2</em>, <em>ATM</em> and <em>BARD1</em>, etc<strong><em>.</em></strong> These cases often have distinctive morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, which when recognized by the pathologist may encourage further genetic consultation and testing for the patient. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas display more aggressive pathologic features than their sporadic counterparts. High-grade serous carcinoma is the most predominant type of ovarian neoplasm in BRCA1/2 variant-associated cases, with often solid, pseudo-endometrioid, or transitional (SET) morphologic pattern. BRCA1-associated breast cancer more frequently exhibits a medullary pattern with prominent tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and a triple-negative phenotype. BRCA2-associated tumors in comparison have a more heterogenous histologic phenotype. This article reviews the histopathologic features of hereditary gynecologic and breast cancer syndromes and discusses surveillance and surgical considerations for these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 300764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300757
Xiaoying Liu, Xin Jing, Zhongren Zhou
{"title":"Updates and challenges in diagnostic cytopathology: Exploring current advances and future perspectives","authors":"Xiaoying Liu, Xin Jing, Zhongren Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300757","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 300757"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300763
Binny Khandakar , Moreen Ng , Laura Baum , Marie E. Robert
While neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas are increasing in incidence, neural derived tumors are only rarely found in this organ. Paragangliomas, neuronal and nerve sheath tumors of the pancreas are limited to small series or case reports. The newly named composite gangliocytoma/neuroma and neuroendocrine tumor (CoGNET), formerly gangliocytic paraganglioma, occurs almost exclusively in the second part of the duodenum and periampullary region but has been reported in the pancreas. At the time of this writing four pancreatic CoGNETs have been reported in the pancreatic head, ranging in size from 2.2 to 5.3 cm; three in females, with a mean age of 63 years (range, 50–74 years). Herein, we report the clinico-pathologic findings of a 58-year-old male presenting with a low-grade neuroendocrine tumor showing focal gangliocytic differentiation within the head of pancreas that does not fit precisely into existing tumor classifications, having some but not all elements of CoGNET. The morphology and immunohistochemical profile of the tumor are presented in the context of the differential diagnosis and prior literature.
{"title":"Between ‘NET’ and ‘CoGNET’: A biphasic Neuroendocrine-Gangliocytic tumor of the pancreas","authors":"Binny Khandakar , Moreen Ng , Laura Baum , Marie E. Robert","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas are increasing in incidence, neural derived tumors are only rarely found in this organ. Paragangliomas, neuronal and nerve sheath tumors of the pancreas are limited to small series or case reports. The newly named composite gangliocytoma/neuroma and neuroendocrine tumor (CoGNET), formerly gangliocytic paraganglioma, occurs almost exclusively in the second part of the duodenum and periampullary region but has been reported in the pancreas. At the time of this writing four pancreatic CoGNETs have been reported in the pancreatic head, ranging in size from 2.2 to 5.3 cm; three in females, with a mean age of 63 years (range, 50–74 years). Herein, we report the clinico-pathologic findings of a 58-year-old male presenting with a low-grade neuroendocrine tumor showing focal gangliocytic differentiation within the head of pancreas that does not fit precisely into existing tumor classifications, having some but not all elements of CoGNET. The morphology and immunohistochemical profile of the tumor are presented in the context of the differential diagnosis and prior literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 300763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300762
Safa Mohammed Hussein, Huda Hasan Aziz, Wurood Hameed Abed, Kadhim Fadhil Kadhim
Background
Hematological parameters are significantly affected by both immediate and prolonged exposure to smoking. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on hematological parameters among male students enrolled at Basrah University in Iraq.
Methods
The study comprised a total of seventy male participants, divided into two groups: smokers (n = 35) and nonsmokers (n = 35). Each participant provided a 5 ml venous blood sample to analyze the complete blood count using a hematology analyzer (Spinreact, Spincell 3).
Results
Cigarette smokers exhibit notably elevated levels of Red Blood Cells (RBC) counts, Hemoglobin (HGB), Red Cell Distribution Width-CV (RDW-CV), granulocytes%, and platelets%, whereas Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) and lymphocytes% are notably lower among smokers. On the other hand, Hematocrit percentage (HCT), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), and White Blood Cells (WBC) counts show no significant difference between cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. In contrast, Red Cell Distribution Width-SD (RDW-SD), Mid-range cell percentage (MID%), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Distribution Width (PDW), Platelet Plateletcrit percentage (PCT), Platelet-Lymphocyte Cell Ratio (P_LCR) and Platelet-Lymphocyte Cell Count (P_LCC) demonstrate no substantial variance between the two groups at the statistical significance threshold.
Conclusion
This investigation concludes that tobacco cigarette smoking leads to detrimental alterations in hematological parameters, posing health risks.
{"title":"Comparative study of hematological parameters among smokers and nonsmokers in Basra city, Iraq","authors":"Safa Mohammed Hussein, Huda Hasan Aziz, Wurood Hameed Abed, Kadhim Fadhil Kadhim","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hematological parameters are significantly affected by both immediate and prolonged exposure to smoking. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on hematological parameters among male students enrolled at Basrah University in Iraq.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study comprised a total of seventy male participants, divided into two groups: smokers (n = 35) and nonsmokers (n = 35). Each participant provided a 5 ml venous blood sample to analyze the complete blood count using a hematology analyzer (Spinreact, Spincell 3).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cigarette smokers exhibit notably elevated levels of Red Blood Cells (RBC) counts, Hemoglobin (HGB), Red Cell Distribution Width-CV (RDW-CV), granulocytes%, and platelets%, whereas Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) and lymphocytes% are notably lower among smokers. On the other hand, Hematocrit percentage (HCT), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), and White Blood Cells (WBC) counts show no significant difference between cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. In contrast, Red Cell Distribution Width-SD (RDW-SD), Mid-range cell percentage (MID%), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Distribution Width (PDW), Platelet Plateletcrit percentage (PCT), Platelet-Lymphocyte Cell Ratio (P_LCR) and Platelet-Lymphocyte Cell Count (P_LCC) demonstrate no substantial variance between the two groups at the statistical significance threshold.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This investigation concludes that tobacco cigarette smoking leads to detrimental alterations in hematological parameters, posing health risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 300762"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772736X24000343/pdfft?md5=8d0ae631b7e687a2a514bc1ef9c7b3db&pid=1-s2.0-S2772736X24000343-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300761
David Oestreicher , Irina Kostyuchek , Philipp Ströbel , Dirk Beutner , Tobias Dombrowski
SMARCA4-deficient neoplasms have been identified in several organs, including the lung, thorax, esophagus and ovary. In some cases, SMARCA4-deficient neoplasms are associated with specific histologic subtypes, such as small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT). These tumors are often high-grade and aggressive, with a propensity for early metastasis and poor prognosis. SMARCA4 (also known as BRG1) is a chromatin-remodeling protein that plays an important role in gene expression regulation. SMARCA4 loss results in altered expression of cell cycle regulators and DNA damage response genes, leading to genomic instability and oncogenesis. We describe the first clinical case of a SMARCA4-deficient carcinoma of the salivary glands, found in a rapidly growing parotid lesion. Initially, the tumor had ipsilateral cervical lymph node metastases without any distant metastases. After tumor surgery with total parotidectomy and neck dissection on the left side, adjuvant radiotherapy was performed. Shortly after completion of radiotherapy, re-staging by a CT scan showed metastases at multiple sites. Immunotherapy with a PDL1 inhibitor and additional palliative radiotherapy for the bony metastases was then initiated.
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