首页 > 最新文献

Hybrid Advances最新文献

英文 中文
The modelling and design optimisation of sawdust, garnet waste, and palm oil fuel ash-based hybrid asphalt binders using response surface methodology 建模和设计优化锯末,石榴石废料,棕榈油燃料灰基混合沥青粘合剂使用响应面方法
Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100595
Wan Noor Hin Mior Sani , Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya , Indra Mawardi , Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar , Haryati Yaacob
This study evaluated the rheological characteristics of a hybrid asphalt binder integrating sawdust, garnet waste, and palm oil fuel ash (POFA). Approximately 0 %, 3 %, 6 %, and 9 % of hybrid materials were incorporated into the unaged and rolling thin film oven (RTFO) hybrid asphalt binders were assessed. Furthermore, the central composite design (CCD) in the response surface methodology (RSM) were utilised to evaluate the effects of hybrid asphalt binder content and temperature on the rheological behaviour of the hybrid asphalt binders. Consequently, the hybrid asphalt binders showed dosage-dependent rheological behaviour, with the 6 % formulation exhibiting notably lower phase angle (δ) and complex shear modulus (G∗) than the control binder, particularly in the unaged state, while other dosages displayed more variable responses across the tested temperatures. The RTFO hybrid asphalt binders also revealed reduced stiffness across all temperatures compared to the control asphalt. Given that high correlation coefficients (R2) were demonstrated by the G∗ (<0.97) and δ (<0.93), a substantial relationship between the model values and the experimental data was identified. The optimal parameters (temperature and percentage) for the hybrid materials were also discovered to be 62.9 °C and 5.78 % using the numerical optimisation and the quadratic model. Considering that each response possessed a percentage error below 5 %, the effectiveness and the validation of the model were successfully verified in this study.
本研究评估了一种由锯末、石榴石废料和棕榈油燃料灰(POFA)组成的混合沥青粘合剂的流变特性。在未老化和滚动薄膜烤箱(RTFO)混合沥青粘合剂中分别加入了大约0%、3%、6%和9%的混合材料。此外,利用响应面法(RSM)中的中心复合设计(CCD)来评估混合沥青粘结剂含量和温度对混合沥青粘结剂流变行为的影响。因此,混合沥青粘结剂表现出与剂量相关的流变行为,6%配方的相角(δ)和复杂剪切模量(G∗)明显低于对照粘结剂,特别是在未老化状态下,而其他剂量的混合沥青粘结剂在测试温度下表现出更多的可变响应。与对照沥青相比,RTFO混合沥青粘合剂在所有温度下的刚度都有所降低。考虑到G∗(<0.97)和δ (<0.93)显示出高相关系数(R2),模型值与实验数据之间存在实质性关系。利用数值优化和二次模型,发现混合材料的最佳参数(温度和百分比)分别为62.9°C和5.78%。考虑到每次响应的误差在5%以下,本研究成功验证了模型的有效性和有效性。
{"title":"The modelling and design optimisation of sawdust, garnet waste, and palm oil fuel ash-based hybrid asphalt binders using response surface methodology","authors":"Wan Noor Hin Mior Sani ,&nbsp;Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ,&nbsp;Indra Mawardi ,&nbsp;Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar ,&nbsp;Haryati Yaacob","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the rheological characteristics of a hybrid asphalt binder integrating sawdust, garnet waste, and palm oil fuel ash (POFA). Approximately 0 %, 3 %, 6 %, and 9 % of hybrid materials were incorporated into the unaged and rolling thin film oven (RTFO) hybrid asphalt binders were assessed. Furthermore, the central composite design (CCD) in the response surface methodology (RSM) were utilised to evaluate the effects of hybrid asphalt binder content and temperature on the rheological behaviour of the hybrid asphalt binders. Consequently, the hybrid asphalt binders showed dosage-dependent rheological behaviour, with the 6 % formulation exhibiting notably lower phase angle (δ) and complex shear modulus (G∗) than the control binder, particularly in the unaged state, while other dosages displayed more variable responses across the tested temperatures. The RTFO hybrid asphalt binders also revealed reduced stiffness across all temperatures compared to the control asphalt. Given that high correlation coefficients (R<sup>2</sup>) were demonstrated by the G∗ (&lt;0.97) and δ (&lt;0.93), a substantial relationship between the model values and the experimental data was identified. The optimal parameters (temperature and percentage) for the hybrid materials were also discovered to be 62.9 °C and 5.78 % using the numerical optimisation and the quadratic model. Considering that each response possessed a percentage error below 5 %, the effectiveness and the validation of the model were successfully verified in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Co-apatite phosphate compound: High-Performance corrosion inhibition in highly aggressive HCl solution (1.0 M and 5.0 M) and biological assessment 共磷灰石磷酸盐化合物:在高腐蚀性HCl溶液(1.0 M和5.0 M)中具有高性能的缓蚀性和生物评价
Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100593
Nouhaila Ferraa , Moussa Ouakki , Mariam Barrahi , Mohammed Cherkaoui , Mounia Bennani Ziatni
In this study, a novel inorganic Co-Apatite Phosphate substituted with cobalt ions (named CCP) of formula Co2Ca6(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) was synthesized and evaluated for its multifunctional properties, encompassing corrosion inhibition, as well as antibacterial and antifungal activities. The synthesis process was conducted following a green chemistry approach and the phosphate compound was thoroughly analyzed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical techniques were employed to investigate the corrosion prevention performance against carbon steel in two different hydrogen chloride acidic medium concentrations (5.0 M and 1.0 M HCl). The inhibitor demonstrates excellent performance in both mildly and highly acidic environments. In less corrosive environment of 1.0 M HCl, the inhibition efficiency is estimated to be 96.4 %, while under more corrosive 5.0 M HCl, the efficiency remains high at 90 %. In addition, biological assays revealed that the material exhibited notable antibacterial activity and antifungal effectiveness against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. These results confirm the potentiality of CCP as a green multifunctional inhibitor effective in both harsh and microbially active environments (antimicrobial and antifungal).
在这项研究中,合成了一种新型无机钴离子取代钴离子的Co-Apatite磷酸盐(命名为CCP),其分子式为Co2Ca6(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH),并对其多功能性能进行了评价,包括缓蚀,抗菌和抗真菌活性。采用绿色化学方法进行合成,并利用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散x射线能谱(SEM/EDX)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和x射线衍射(XRD)对磷酸化合物进行了全面分析。采用电化学技术研究了两种不同浓度氯化氢酸性介质(5.0 M和1.0 M HCl)对碳钢的防腐性能。该抑制剂在弱酸性和强酸性环境中均表现出优异的性能。在腐蚀性较弱的1.0 M HCl环境下,缓蚀率为96.4%,而在腐蚀性较强的5.0 M HCl环境下,缓蚀率仍高达90%。此外,生物实验表明,该材料对革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性菌均具有显著的抗菌活性和抗真菌活性。这些结果证实了CCP作为一种绿色多功能抑制剂的潜力,在恶劣和微生物活性环境(抗菌和抗真菌)中都有效。
{"title":"Co-apatite phosphate compound: High-Performance corrosion inhibition in highly aggressive HCl solution (1.0 M and 5.0 M) and biological assessment","authors":"Nouhaila Ferraa ,&nbsp;Moussa Ouakki ,&nbsp;Mariam Barrahi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Cherkaoui ,&nbsp;Mounia Bennani Ziatni","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel inorganic Co-Apatite Phosphate substituted with cobalt ions (named CCP) of formula Co<sub>2</sub>Ca<sub>6</sub>(HPO<sub>4</sub>)(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>5</sub>(OH) was synthesized and evaluated for its multifunctional properties, encompassing corrosion inhibition, as well as antibacterial and antifungal activities. The synthesis process was conducted following a green chemistry approach and the phosphate compound was thoroughly analyzed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical techniques were employed to investigate the corrosion prevention performance against carbon steel in two different hydrogen chloride acidic medium concentrations (5.0 M and 1.0 M HCl). The inhibitor demonstrates excellent performance in both mildly and highly acidic environments. In less corrosive environment of 1.0 M HCl, the inhibition efficiency is estimated to be 96.4 %, while under more corrosive 5.0 M HCl, the efficiency remains high at 90 %. In addition, biological assays revealed that the material exhibited notable antibacterial activity and antifungal effectiveness against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. These results confirm the potentiality of CCP as a green multifunctional inhibitor effective in both harsh and microbially active environments (antimicrobial and antifungal).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Buoyancy-driven magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow and heat transfer in a porous cavity with an exothermic reaction governed by Arrhenius kinetics 浮力驱动的磁流体动力学纳米流体在多孔腔内的流动和传热与阿累尼乌斯动力学控制的放热反应
Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100594
M.J. Uddin , M.M. Rahman
The enhancement of heat transport in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid systems with exothermic chemical reactions is a growing area of interest for applications such as geothermal recovery, nuclear reactor thermal regulation, and advanced energy technologies. Despite extensive research, the complex roles of magnetic forces, nanoparticle suspensions, and chemical activity remain insufficiently clarified. This study presents a novel and comprehensive numerical analysis of buoyancy-induced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convection within a porous cavity filled with a CuO–water nanofluid, considering the combined influence of an external magnetic field and heat generation due to an exothermic chemical reaction. The findings offer new insights into coupled magneto-thermo-chemical transport phenomena in nanofluid-saturated porous media. The nanofluid and porous structure are modeled under the postulations of local thermal equilibrium. The derived principal transport equations are discretized and solved through a Galerkin extension of the finite element framework, which is validated against benchmark data. The simulations reveal several physical trends: thermal and velocity intensities increase significantly with higher Rayleigh numbers, resulting in larger Nusselt numbers. Quantitatively, the average Nusselt number (Num) rises by 117% with increasing Rayleigh and Peclet numbers and by 15% for nanoparticle loading ϕ=0.05. In contrast, a strong magnetic field (Ha=80), higher porosity, and ϕ=0.1 reduce Num by 52%, 42%, and 26%, respectively, highlighting the competing influences of buoyancy, magnetic damping, porous resistance, and nanoparticle loading on heat transfer. Enhanced nanoparticle loading strengthens heat transport while reducing shear stresses and overall circulation strength. A stronger magnetic field suppresses both temperature and velocity gradients, limiting flow intensity, whereas its orientation plays a negligible role in frictional effects. Reaction-driven heating, characterized by the Frank–Kamenetskii parameter, substantially amplifies both velocity and heat transfer rates. At higher Péclet numbers, convective transport dominates over diffusive contributions. Furthermore, the porosity of the medium is shown to influence momentum and thermal transport, providing additional avenues for controlling flow resistance and enhancing thermal performance.
利用放热化学反应增强磁流体动力学(MHD)纳米流体系统的热传递是地热回收、核反应堆热调节和先进能源技术等应用领域日益关注的一个领域。尽管进行了广泛的研究,但磁力、纳米颗粒悬浮液和化学活性的复杂作用仍然没有得到充分的阐明。考虑到外加磁场和放热化学反应产生的热量的综合影响,本研究提出了一种新颖而全面的数值分析方法,对充满cuo -水纳米流体的多孔腔内浮力诱导磁流体动力学(MHD)对流进行了分析。这一发现为纳米流体饱和多孔介质中磁-热-化学耦合输运现象提供了新的见解。在局部热平衡假设下,对纳米流体和多孔结构进行了建模。将导出的主输运方程离散化,通过有限元框架的伽辽金扩展进行求解,并通过基准数据进行验证。模拟揭示了几个物理趋势:热强度和速度强度随着瑞利数的增加而显著增加,从而导致努塞尔数的增加。在数量上,随着瑞利数和佩莱特数的增加,平均努塞尔数(Num)增加了117%,当纳米颗粒加载φ =0.05时,平均努塞尔数(Num)增加了15%。相比之下,强磁场(Ha=80)、高孔隙率和φ =0.1分别使Num降低52%、42%和26%,突出了浮力、磁阻尼、多孔阻力和纳米颗粒负载对传热的竞争影响。纳米颗粒负载增强了热传递,同时降低了剪应力和整体循环强度。较强的磁场抑制温度和速度梯度,限制流动强度,而其方向对摩擦效应的作用可以忽略不计。反应驱动加热以Frank-Kamenetskii参数为特征,大大增加了速度和传热速率。在较高的psamclet数下,对流输运比扩散输运占主导地位。此外,介质的孔隙率会影响动量和热输运,为控制流动阻力和提高热性能提供了额外的途径。
{"title":"Buoyancy-driven magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow and heat transfer in a porous cavity with an exothermic reaction governed by Arrhenius kinetics","authors":"M.J. Uddin ,&nbsp;M.M. Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhancement of heat transport in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid systems with exothermic chemical reactions is a growing area of interest for applications such as geothermal recovery, nuclear reactor thermal regulation, and advanced energy technologies. Despite extensive research, the complex roles of magnetic forces, nanoparticle suspensions, and chemical activity remain insufficiently clarified. This study presents a novel and comprehensive numerical analysis of buoyancy-induced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convection within a porous cavity filled with a CuO–water nanofluid, considering the combined influence of an external magnetic field and heat generation due to an exothermic chemical reaction. The findings offer new insights into coupled magneto-thermo-chemical transport phenomena in nanofluid-saturated porous media. The nanofluid and porous structure are modeled under the postulations of local thermal equilibrium. The derived principal transport equations are discretized and solved through a Galerkin extension of the finite element framework, which is validated against benchmark data. The simulations reveal several physical trends: thermal and velocity intensities increase significantly with higher Rayleigh numbers, resulting in larger Nusselt numbers. Quantitatively, the average Nusselt number (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><msub><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) rises by 117% with increasing Rayleigh and Peclet numbers and by 15% for nanoparticle loading <span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></math></span>. In contrast, a strong magnetic field (<span><math><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>80</mn></mrow></math></span>), higher porosity, and <span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> reduce <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><msub><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> by 52%, 42%, and 26%, respectively, highlighting the competing influences of buoyancy, magnetic damping, porous resistance, and nanoparticle loading on heat transfer. Enhanced nanoparticle loading strengthens heat transport while reducing shear stresses and overall circulation strength. A stronger magnetic field suppresses both temperature and velocity gradients, limiting flow intensity, whereas its orientation plays a negligible role in frictional effects. Reaction-driven heating, characterized by the Frank–Kamenetskii parameter, substantially amplifies both velocity and heat transfer rates. At higher Péclet numbers, convective transport dominates over diffusive contributions. Furthermore, the porosity of the medium is shown to influence momentum and thermal transport, providing additional avenues for controlling flow resistance and enhancing thermal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shear strengthening and rehabilitation of high-strength continuous RC beams with BFRP: A combined experimental and numerical study BFRP对高强连续RC梁的抗剪加固与修复:试验与数值结合研究
Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100592
Mu'tasim Abdel-Jaber , Reem AlKhawaldeh , Rawand Al-Nsour , Nasim Shatarat , Ahmed Ashteyat
This study explores the use of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) as a retrofit and strengthening solution to improve the shear performance and durability of high-strength reinforced concrete (RC) beams. In total, seven full-scale RC beams with two-span layouts, each measuring 2 m in length, were evaluated under different test setups. One beam was left unstrengthened to act as a control, while the remaining specimens were either retrofitted or upgraded using a variety of BFRP configurations, including sheets and ropes of varying densities. Before the BFRP application, three specimens were preloaded to 70 % of their ultimate strength to mimic pre-existing structural deterioration. Post-strengthening, the beams demonstrated significant improvements in shear capacity. Specifically, externally strengthened beams showed load capacity increases ranging between 17 % and 37.4 %, whereas those that underwent rehabilitation experienced gains between 5.7 % and 19.4 %. The findings confirm the effectiveness of BFRP for both structural repair and enhancement, highlighting its role in restoring or boosting the load-bearing ability of RC members. Furthermore, the outcomes were consistent with finite element analysis and closely followed the ACI 440.2R-08 guidelines, validating the experimental results. Overall, the research identifies BFRP materials as a sustainable and efficient method for structural strengthening and rehabilitation.
本研究探讨了玄武岩纤维增强聚合物(BFRP)作为一种改造和加强方案,以提高高强钢筋混凝土(RC)梁的抗剪性能和耐久性。总共有7根两跨布局的全尺寸RC梁,每根长度为2米,在不同的测试设置下进行了评估。其中一根梁未加固作为对照,而其余的试件则使用各种BFRP配置进行改造或升级,包括不同密度的板材和绳索。在应用BFRP之前,三个试件被预加载至其极限强度的70%,以模拟先前存在的结构退化。加固后,梁的抗剪能力显著提高。具体来说,外部加固梁的承载能力增加了17%到37.4%,而那些经过修复的梁的承载能力增加了5.7%到19.4%。研究结果证实了BFRP在结构修复和增强方面的有效性,突出了其在恢复或提高RC构件承载能力方面的作用。此外,结果与有限元分析一致,并严格遵循ACI 440.2R-08指南,验证了实验结果。总体而言,该研究确定BFRP材料是一种可持续和有效的结构加固和修复方法。
{"title":"Shear strengthening and rehabilitation of high-strength continuous RC beams with BFRP: A combined experimental and numerical study","authors":"Mu'tasim Abdel-Jaber ,&nbsp;Reem AlKhawaldeh ,&nbsp;Rawand Al-Nsour ,&nbsp;Nasim Shatarat ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ashteyat","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the use of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) as a retrofit and strengthening solution to improve the shear performance and durability of high-strength reinforced concrete (RC) beams. In total, seven full-scale RC beams with two-span layouts, each measuring 2 m in length, were evaluated under different test setups. One beam was left unstrengthened to act as a control, while the remaining specimens were either retrofitted or upgraded using a variety of BFRP configurations, including sheets and ropes of varying densities. Before the BFRP application, three specimens were preloaded to 70 % of their ultimate strength to mimic pre-existing structural deterioration. Post-strengthening, the beams demonstrated significant improvements in shear capacity. Specifically, externally strengthened beams showed load capacity increases ranging between 17 % and 37.4 %, whereas those that underwent rehabilitation experienced gains between 5.7 % and 19.4 %. The findings confirm the effectiveness of BFRP for both structural repair and enhancement, highlighting its role in restoring or boosting the load-bearing ability of RC members. Furthermore, the outcomes were consistent with finite element analysis and closely followed the ACI 440.2R-08 guidelines, validating the experimental results. Overall, the research identifies BFRP materials as a sustainable and efficient method for structural strengthening and rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100592"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unlocking new catalytic pathways with phosphate-zirconia hybrid prepared via the sol-gel method 溶胶-凝胶法制备的磷酸锆杂化物开启新的催化途径
Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100590
Salma Dehhaoui , Fatima El Hajri , Driss Rair , Driss El Mekkaoui , Youssef Lemallam , Said Boukhris , Touriya Jermoumi , Abdelillah Shaim , Rui Galhano dos Santos , Abdelkrim Chahine
This study focuses on synthesising a ZrO2–P2O5 xerogel by the sol–gel process and evaluating it as a heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient and environmentally friendly synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one (DHQs), a class of compounds with significant pharmacological relevance. While both oxide materials and their catalytic applications are well established, the originality of our work lies in the rational design of a ZrO2–P2O5 catalyst via a sol–gel co-condensation route. This method enables precise control over the distribution and balance of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites, a level of regulation rarely achieved in conventional oxide systems. Such fine structural control fosters an optimised acid–base synergy that directly enhances catalytic efficiency. Consequently, the material achieves a 93 % yield in only 8 min with minimal catalyst loading and exhibits excellent recyclability, demonstrating both the scientific novelty and practical significance of this approach.
本研究主要通过溶胶-凝胶法合成ZrO2-P2O5干凝胶,并评价其作为一种多相催化剂,用于高效、环保地合成2,3-二氢喹唑啉-4(1H)- 1 (DHQs),一类具有重要药理意义的化合物。虽然这两种氧化物材料及其催化应用都已经建立,但我们工作的独创性在于通过溶胶-凝胶共缩合途径合理设计ZrO2-P2O5催化剂。这种方法可以精确控制Lewis和Brønsted酸位点的分布和平衡,这在传统的氧化物系统中是很难实现的。这种精细的结构控制促进了优化的酸碱协同作用,直接提高了催化效率。因此,该材料在8分钟内以最小的催化剂负载达到93%的收率,并表现出优异的可回收性,证明了该方法的科学新颖性和实际意义。
{"title":"Unlocking new catalytic pathways with phosphate-zirconia hybrid prepared via the sol-gel method","authors":"Salma Dehhaoui ,&nbsp;Fatima El Hajri ,&nbsp;Driss Rair ,&nbsp;Driss El Mekkaoui ,&nbsp;Youssef Lemallam ,&nbsp;Said Boukhris ,&nbsp;Touriya Jermoumi ,&nbsp;Abdelillah Shaim ,&nbsp;Rui Galhano dos Santos ,&nbsp;Abdelkrim Chahine","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on synthesising a ZrO<sub>2</sub>–P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> xerogel by the sol–gel process and evaluating it as a heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient and environmentally friendly synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one (DHQs), a class of compounds with significant pharmacological relevance. While both oxide materials and their catalytic applications are well established, the originality of our work lies in the rational design of a ZrO<sub>2</sub>–P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> catalyst via a sol–gel co-condensation route. This method enables precise control over the distribution and balance of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites, a level of regulation rarely achieved in conventional oxide systems. Such fine structural control fosters an optimised acid–base synergy that directly enhances catalytic efficiency. Consequently, the material achieves a 93 % yield in only 8 min with minimal catalyst loading and exhibits excellent recyclability, demonstrating both the scientific novelty and practical significance of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From waste to value: A review of emerging plastic valorization technologies 从废物到价值:新兴塑料增值技术综述
Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100591
Godwin A. Udourioh , Samuel Ojo , Chisom Cynthia Ezeh , Kingsley Igenepo John , Wilfred Emori , Alexander I. Ikeuba
Each year, over 4.9 trillion kg of plastic waste are generated worldwide, yet only 9 % of this waste is recycled at present. In this study, we review cutting-edge valorization techniques across chemical, thermal, and biological platforms. Recent breakthroughs in advanced depolymerization, biocatalytic degradation, and hybrid catalytic systems are assessed for their efficiency, selectivity, and readiness for implementation. Additionally, we explore new applications, including the conversion of plastic into high-value monomers, liquid fuels, 3D-printing filaments, and sustainable construction materials, while evaluating the economic viability, energy consumption, and policy frameworks essential for large-scale deployment. We propose a strategy for integrating valorization technology into circular economy models by incorporating lifecycle assessment metrics. This roadmap underscores key research goals aimed at overcoming adoption barriers and maximizing environmental advantages.
全球每年产生的塑料垃圾超过4.9万亿公斤,但目前只有9%的塑料垃圾得到了回收利用。在本研究中,我们回顾了化学、热和生物平台上的尖端增值技术。最近在高级解聚、生物催化降解和混合催化系统方面的突破评估了它们的效率、选择性和实施的准备程度。此外,我们还探索了新的应用,包括将塑料转化为高价值单体、液体燃料、3d打印长丝和可持续建筑材料,同时评估大规模部署所需的经济可行性、能源消耗和政策框架。我们提出了一种通过结合生命周期评估指标将增值技术整合到循环经济模型中的策略。该路线图强调了旨在克服采用障碍和最大化环境优势的关键研究目标。
{"title":"From waste to value: A review of emerging plastic valorization technologies","authors":"Godwin A. Udourioh ,&nbsp;Samuel Ojo ,&nbsp;Chisom Cynthia Ezeh ,&nbsp;Kingsley Igenepo John ,&nbsp;Wilfred Emori ,&nbsp;Alexander I. Ikeuba","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Each year, over 4.9 trillion kg of plastic waste are generated worldwide, yet only 9 % of this waste is recycled at present. In this study, we review cutting-edge valorization techniques across chemical, thermal, and biological platforms. Recent breakthroughs in advanced depolymerization, biocatalytic degradation, and hybrid catalytic systems are assessed for their efficiency, selectivity, and readiness for implementation. Additionally, we explore new applications, including the conversion of plastic into high-value monomers, liquid fuels, 3D-printing filaments, and sustainable construction materials, while evaluating the economic viability, energy consumption, and policy frameworks essential for large-scale deployment. We propose a strategy for integrating valorization technology into circular economy models by incorporating lifecycle assessment metrics. This roadmap underscores key research goals aimed at overcoming adoption barriers and maximizing environmental advantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of foam pore size, density and the use of MXene on the thermal conductivity and flexural strength of PU-foam roofing panel samples 泡沫孔径、密度和MXene的使用对pu泡沫屋面板样品导热系数和抗弯强度的影响
Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100587
Ronald Allan S. delos Reyes , Saidur Rahman , Tan Kim Han , John Ryan Dave M. Arillas , Aizheen Ricky G. De Chavez , John Russell F. Gelera
This study investigated the effect of polyurethane (PU) foam pore size and density and the application of MXene nanoplates to enhance heat insulation and flexural strength. Results show that the thermal conductivity decreases at an average rate of 0.01803 W/m-K per unit increase in pore density (No. of pores/mm2) while it is enhanced with pore size increase at a rate of 0.0168 (W/m-K)/mm. Mechanical characterization has revealed that an improvement in flexural strength corresponds to the decrease in pore size and increase in density with values of 0.776 MPa/mm and 0.445 MPa/(No. of pores/mm2) respectively. Adding a layer of adhesive with MXene is also reported to have a beneficial effect vis a vis reduction in thermal conductivity and elevating flexural strength. On a per gram basis, the effectivity factor of MXene has been determined to be in the order of 103 validating these materials exceptional capabilities to transform material properties. The work also derived empirical mathematical expressions for the thermal conductivity, flexural strength, and the effect of MXene as a function of pores size and density which can be used for PU foam/roof panel design and fabrication, and building energy modeling. Error analysis indicates that these equations have an average normality plot correlation score of 0.9036 at the 95 % confidence level verifying their accuracy and applicability.
研究了聚氨酯(PU)泡沫材料孔径、密度以及MXene纳米板的应用对其隔热性能和抗弯强度的影响。结果表明:孔隙密度每增加1个单位,导热系数平均降低0.01803 W/m-K;(W/m-K)/mm),随着孔隙尺寸的增大,其强度增强,增大速率为0.0168 (W/m-K)/mm。力学表征表明,抗弯强度的提高对应于孔径的减小和密度的增加,分别为0.776 MPa/mm和0.445 MPa/(No. 1)。孔径/mm2)。据报道,添加一层MXene粘合剂对降低导热性和提高抗弯强度也有有益的影响。在每克的基础上,MXene的有效系数已被确定为103的数量级,验证了这些材料改变材料特性的卓越能力。该工作还推导了导热系数、抗弯强度以及MXene作为孔隙大小和密度函数的经验数学表达式,可用于PU泡沫/屋面板的设计和制造,以及建筑能量建模。误差分析表明,在95%的置信水平下,这些方程的平均正态图相关分数为0.9036,验证了它们的准确性和适用性。
{"title":"The effect of foam pore size, density and the use of MXene on the thermal conductivity and flexural strength of PU-foam roofing panel samples","authors":"Ronald Allan S. delos Reyes ,&nbsp;Saidur Rahman ,&nbsp;Tan Kim Han ,&nbsp;John Ryan Dave M. Arillas ,&nbsp;Aizheen Ricky G. De Chavez ,&nbsp;John Russell F. Gelera","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effect of polyurethane (PU) foam pore size and density and the application of MXene nanoplates to enhance heat insulation and flexural strength. Results show that the thermal conductivity decreases at an average rate of 0.01803 W/m-K per unit increase in pore density (No. of pores/mm2) while it is enhanced with pore size increase at a rate of 0.0168 (W/m-K)/mm. Mechanical characterization has revealed that an improvement in flexural strength corresponds to the decrease in pore size and increase in density with values of 0.776 MPa/mm and 0.445 MPa/(No. of pores/mm<sup>2</sup>) respectively. Adding a layer of adhesive with MXene is also reported to have a beneficial effect vis a vis reduction in thermal conductivity and elevating flexural strength. On a per gram basis, the effectivity factor of MXene has been determined to be in the order of 10<sup>3</sup> validating these materials exceptional capabilities to transform material properties. The work also derived empirical mathematical expressions for the thermal conductivity, flexural strength, and the effect of MXene as a function of pores size and density which can be used for PU foam/roof panel design and fabrication, and building energy modeling. Error analysis indicates that these equations have an average normality plot correlation score of 0.9036 at the 95 % confidence level verifying their accuracy and applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From surface chemistry to nuclear targeting: The multifaceted challenge of genetic delivery via inorganic nanoparticles 从表面化学到核靶向:通过无机纳米颗粒传递基因的多方面挑战
Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100586
Cecilia Vasti , Ludmila D'Alessandro , Dariana Aristizabal Bedoya , Laura E. Valenti , Carla E. Giacomelli
The delivery of therapeutic genes represents a transformative strategy for the treatment of genetic and complex diseases. Despite the clinical success of viral vectors, their high cost, immunogenicity, and limited cargo capacity underscore the need for safer and more versatile alternatives. Nonviral delivery systems, particularly inorganic nanoparticles, have emerged as promising carriers owing to their structural stability, tunable surface chemistry, and ability to accommodate diverse genetic cargos. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted biological barriers that limit the efficacy of inorganic delivery systems, from extracellular stability and protein corona formation to cell internalization, endosomal escape, and nuclear translocation. We highlight recent advances in the rational design of inorganic nanoparticles (including gold, iron oxide, mesoporous silica, layered double hydroxides, and calcium phosphate) that address these challenges through tailored physicochemical properties, functional coatings, and stimuli-responsive behaviors. Particular attention is given to their applications in gene silencing, genome editing, and nucleic acid–based vaccines, where they act as multifunctional platforms integrating therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities. Although significant progress has been achieved, critical translational hurdles remain, including large-scale reproducibility, long-term safety, and standardized characterization of nanoparticle–biological interactions. Inorganic nanoparticles provide modular, stable, and tunable carriers for nucleic acid delivery, yet their transfection efficiencies typically remain below 10 %, substantially lower than viral or lipid delivery systems. Despite significant advances in design and mechanistic understanding, clinical translation has not yet been achieved. Current efforts prioritize niche applications where inorganic systems complement lipid nanoparticles, especially in targeted or multifunctional (theranostic) gene therapies.
治疗性基因的传递代表了一种治疗遗传性和复杂疾病的变革性策略。尽管病毒载体在临床取得了成功,但它们的高成本、免疫原性和有限的载货能力强调需要更安全、更通用的替代品。非病毒传递系统,特别是无机纳米颗粒,由于其结构稳定性、可调节的表面化学性质和容纳多种基因货物的能力,已成为有前途的载体。这篇综述全面分析了限制无机递送系统效能的多方面生物障碍,从细胞外稳定性和蛋白冠形成到细胞内化、内体逃逸和核易位。我们重点介绍了无机纳米颗粒(包括金、氧化铁、介孔二氧化硅、层状双氢氧化物和磷酸钙)合理设计的最新进展,这些纳米颗粒通过定制物理化学性质、功能涂层和刺激响应行为来解决这些挑战。特别关注它们在基因沉默、基因组编辑和核酸疫苗中的应用,在这些领域,它们作为综合治疗和诊断能力的多功能平台。尽管取得了重大进展,但关键的转化障碍仍然存在,包括大规模可重复性、长期安全性以及纳米颗粒-生物相互作用的标准化表征。无机纳米颗粒为核酸传递提供了模块化、稳定和可调的载体,但它们的转染效率通常低于10%,大大低于病毒或脂质传递系统。尽管在设计和机制理解方面取得了重大进展,但临床翻译尚未实现。目前的努力优先考虑无机系统补充脂质纳米颗粒的利基应用,特别是在靶向或多功能(治疗性)基因治疗中。
{"title":"From surface chemistry to nuclear targeting: The multifaceted challenge of genetic delivery via inorganic nanoparticles","authors":"Cecilia Vasti ,&nbsp;Ludmila D'Alessandro ,&nbsp;Dariana Aristizabal Bedoya ,&nbsp;Laura E. Valenti ,&nbsp;Carla E. Giacomelli","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The delivery of therapeutic genes represents a transformative strategy for the treatment of genetic and complex diseases. Despite the clinical success of viral vectors, their high cost, immunogenicity, and limited cargo capacity underscore the need for safer and more versatile alternatives. Nonviral delivery systems, particularly inorganic nanoparticles, have emerged as promising carriers owing to their structural stability, tunable surface chemistry, and ability to accommodate diverse genetic cargos. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted biological barriers that limit the efficacy of inorganic delivery systems, from extracellular stability and protein corona formation to cell internalization, endosomal escape, and nuclear translocation. We highlight recent advances in the rational design of inorganic nanoparticles (including gold, iron oxide, mesoporous silica, layered double hydroxides, and calcium phosphate) that address these challenges through tailored physicochemical properties, functional coatings, and stimuli-responsive behaviors. Particular attention is given to their applications in gene silencing, genome editing, and nucleic acid–based vaccines, where they act as multifunctional platforms integrating therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities. Although significant progress has been achieved, critical translational hurdles remain, including large-scale reproducibility, long-term safety, and standardized characterization of nanoparticle–biological interactions. Inorganic nanoparticles provide modular, stable, and tunable carriers for nucleic acid delivery, yet their transfection efficiencies typically remain below 10 %, substantially lower than viral or lipid delivery systems. Despite significant advances in design and mechanistic understanding, clinical translation has not yet been achieved. Current efforts prioritize niche applications where inorganic systems complement lipid nanoparticles, especially in targeted or multifunctional (theranostic) gene therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Colloidal stability and in-vitro and in-vivo biocompatibility of Gd-doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles coated with poly(ethylene glycol) 聚乙二醇包覆的gd掺杂BaTiO3纳米颗粒的胶体稳定性及体外和体内生物相容性
Pub Date : 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100585
Sandra Fuentes , Marcelo Rojas , Francisca Carmona , Camila Torres , Julio Valenzuela , Hector Pizarro , Jennifer León , Martín Vargas-Fernández , Rafaella V. Zárate , Duxan Arancibia
Nanoparticle-based technologies in biomedicine require the precise design of hybrid systems to enhance stability, safety, and diagnostic performance. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents often face limitations such as metal ion release, tissue accumulation, and magnetic field distortions that compromise image quality and biosafety. In this study, we synthesized gadolinium-doped barium titanate (BTO:Gd) nanoparticles that integrate the ferroelectric characteristics of BTO with the paramagnetic properties of Gd3+, providing a multifunctional platform for biomedical imaging and a potential alternative to conventional MRI contrast agents. BTO nanoparticles were doped with Gd (1–5 mol%), via a sol–gel–hydrothermal method and subsequently coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve biocompatibility and colloidal stability. Structural and surface characteristics (XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and zeta potential) confirmed the formation of a cubic perovskite structure, particle sizes below 60 nm, and enhanced colloidal stability (ζ = −27 to −33 mV, pH 6–8), supporting stable dispersion. Moreover, Gd doping increased the ferrimagnetic and paramagnetic responses of the BTO nanoparticles while reducing diamagnetism, thereby rendering them suitable for MRI contrast enhancement. In vitro assays using HEK293 cells exposed to BTO:Gd and (BTO:Gd)–PEG nanoparticles indicated no significant cytotoxicity or elevated ROS and NO generation. In vivo studies with Drosophila melanogaster further demonstrated that PEGylation effectively mitigated developmental toxicity, improving viability from 60.45 % (uncoated) to 97.24 % (PEG-coated). Overall, PEGylated BTO:Gd nanoparticles exhibited superior stability, magnetic responsiveness, and biocompatibility, underscoring their potential as safe and effective candidates for biomedical imaging applications.
基于纳米粒子的生物医学技术需要精确设计混合系统,以提高稳定性、安全性和诊断性能。传统的磁共振成像(MRI)造影剂通常面临诸如金属离子释放、组织积累和磁场扭曲等限制,这些限制会损害图像质量和生物安全性。在这项研究中,我们合成了钆掺杂钛酸钡(BTO:Gd)纳米颗粒,该纳米颗粒将BTO的铁电特性与Gd3+的顺磁性结合在一起,为生物医学成像提供了一个多功能平台,并有可能替代传统的MRI造影剂。通过溶胶-凝胶-水热法将Gd (1-5 mol%)掺杂到BTO纳米颗粒中,然后用聚乙二醇(PEG)包被,以提高生物相容性和胶体稳定性。结构和表面特征(XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman光谱和zeta电位)证实形成了立方钙钛矿结构,粒径小于60 nm,胶体稳定性增强(ζ = - 27 ~ - 33 mV, pH 6-8),支持稳定的分散。此外,Gd掺杂增加了BTO纳米颗粒的铁磁和顺磁响应,同时降低了抗磁性,从而使其适合MRI增强。体外实验显示,暴露于BTO:Gd和(BTO:Gd) -PEG纳米颗粒的HEK293细胞没有明显的细胞毒性或ROS和no的产生升高。对黑腹果蝇的体内研究进一步表明,PEGylation有效地减轻了发育毒性,将存活率从60.45%(未包被)提高到97.24% (peg包被)。总的来说,聚乙二醇化的BTO:Gd纳米颗粒表现出优越的稳定性、磁响应性和生物相容性,强调了它们作为生物医学成像应用的安全有效的候选者的潜力。
{"title":"Colloidal stability and in-vitro and in-vivo biocompatibility of Gd-doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles coated with poly(ethylene glycol)","authors":"Sandra Fuentes ,&nbsp;Marcelo Rojas ,&nbsp;Francisca Carmona ,&nbsp;Camila Torres ,&nbsp;Julio Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Hector Pizarro ,&nbsp;Jennifer León ,&nbsp;Martín Vargas-Fernández ,&nbsp;Rafaella V. Zárate ,&nbsp;Duxan Arancibia","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoparticle-based technologies in biomedicine require the precise design of hybrid systems to enhance stability, safety, and diagnostic performance. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents often face limitations such as metal ion release, tissue accumulation, and magnetic field distortions that compromise image quality and biosafety. In this study, we synthesized gadolinium-doped barium titanate (BTO:Gd) nanoparticles that integrate the ferroelectric characteristics of BTO with the paramagnetic properties of Gd<sup>3+</sup>, providing a multifunctional platform for biomedical imaging and a potential alternative to conventional MRI contrast agents. BTO nanoparticles were doped with Gd (1–5 mol%), via a sol–gel–hydrothermal method and subsequently coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve biocompatibility and colloidal stability. Structural and surface characteristics (XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and zeta potential) confirmed the formation of a cubic perovskite structure, particle sizes below 60 nm, and enhanced colloidal stability (ζ = −27 to −33 mV, pH 6–8), supporting stable dispersion. Moreover, Gd doping increased the ferrimagnetic and paramagnetic responses of the BTO nanoparticles while reducing diamagnetism, thereby rendering them suitable for MRI contrast enhancement. In vitro assays using HEK293 cells exposed to BTO:Gd and (BTO:Gd)–PEG nanoparticles indicated no significant cytotoxicity or elevated ROS and NO generation. In vivo studies with <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> further demonstrated that PEGylation effectively mitigated developmental toxicity, improving viability from 60.45 % (uncoated) to 97.24 % (PEG-coated). Overall, PEGylated BTO:Gd nanoparticles exhibited superior stability, magnetic responsiveness, and biocompatibility, underscoring their potential as safe and effective candidates for biomedical imaging applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical and volumetric expansion of expandable polystyrene subjected to fuel material for self-sealing composite coating applications 自密封复合涂层中受燃料材料影响的可膨胀聚苯乙烯的机械和体积膨胀
Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100583
Md Shaheen Mahmood , Sabrina Islam , Vamshi M. Korivi , Kumar B. Kulkarni , Z. Shaghayegh Bagheri , Ali Beheshti
Expandable polystyrene is widely used in several industries as a sealing medium due to its desirable mechanical properties, durability, and high-volume expansion. In particular, it has been employed as embedded beads in emerging composite self-sealing coatings for fuel tank applications. To optimize the performance of these composite coatings and support modeling and simulation (M&S) efforts, fundamental mechanical data of the expandable beads is essential. Yet, such data is currently lacking in the literature. This experimental study investigates the volumetric expansion, surface morphology, and mechanical properties of polystyrene beads before and after exposure to Jet-A fuel. The volumetric expansion of beads was measured using an optical microscope, where their surface behavior was assessed before and after fuel exposure to evaluate changes in morphology. Results showcase a considerable mean swelling ratio of approximately 12. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed an adhesiveness effect among the beads following fuel exposure, contributing to their sealing behavior. In addition, to investigate the mechanical properties of the beads before and after exposure, a flat-tip micro-indentation technique was employed. The results showed that the expanded beads underwent significantly greater deformation and a drop in stiffness (more than 16-fold) compared to their dry counterparts. Both dry and expanded beads exhibited creep behavior, with the expanded beads demonstrating a higher degree of creep (approximately 12 times higher). These findings provide both qualitative and quantitative insights into the volumetric and mechanical changes of the expandable beads at room temperature subjected to fuel.
可膨胀聚苯乙烯由于其理想的机械性能、耐久性和高体积膨胀性而被广泛应用于几个工业中作为密封介质。特别是,它已被用作嵌入珠,用于油箱应用的新兴复合自密封涂层。为了优化这些复合涂层的性能并支持建模和仿真(M&;S)工作,可膨胀珠的基本力学数据是必不可少的。然而,目前在文献中缺乏这样的数据。本实验研究考察了聚苯乙烯微球接触Jet-A燃料前后的体积膨胀、表面形貌和力学性能。使用光学显微镜测量微球的体积膨胀,在燃料暴露前后评估其表面行为以评估形态变化。结果显示相当可观的平均肿胀比约为12。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析显示,在燃料暴露后,微珠之间存在粘附效应,有助于其密封行为。此外,为了研究暴露前后珠粒的力学性能,采用了平头微压痕技术。结果表明,与干燥的珠粒相比,膨胀的珠粒经历了更大的变形和刚度下降(超过16倍)。干粒和膨胀粒均表现出蠕变行为,膨胀粒表现出更高的蠕变程度(约高12倍)。这些发现为室温下受燃料影响的可膨胀微珠的体积和力学变化提供了定性和定量的见解。
{"title":"Mechanical and volumetric expansion of expandable polystyrene subjected to fuel material for self-sealing composite coating applications","authors":"Md Shaheen Mahmood ,&nbsp;Sabrina Islam ,&nbsp;Vamshi M. Korivi ,&nbsp;Kumar B. Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Z. Shaghayegh Bagheri ,&nbsp;Ali Beheshti","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Expandable polystyrene is widely used in several industries as a sealing medium due to its desirable mechanical properties, durability, and high-volume expansion. In particular, it has been employed as embedded beads in emerging composite self-sealing coatings for fuel tank applications. To optimize the performance of these composite coatings and support modeling and simulation (M&amp;S) efforts, fundamental mechanical data of the expandable beads is essential. Yet, such data is currently lacking in the literature. This experimental study investigates the volumetric expansion, surface morphology, and mechanical properties of polystyrene beads before and after exposure to Jet-A fuel. The volumetric expansion of beads was measured using an optical microscope, where their surface behavior was assessed before and after fuel exposure to evaluate changes in morphology. Results showcase a considerable mean swelling ratio of approximately 12. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed an adhesiveness effect among the beads following fuel exposure, contributing to their sealing behavior. In addition, to investigate the mechanical properties of the beads before and after exposure, a flat-tip micro-indentation technique was employed. The results showed that the expanded beads underwent significantly greater deformation and a drop in stiffness (more than 16-fold) compared to their dry counterparts. Both dry and expanded beads exhibited creep behavior, with the expanded beads demonstrating a higher degree of creep (approximately 12 times higher). These findings provide both qualitative and quantitative insights into the volumetric and mechanical changes of the expandable beads at room temperature subjected to fuel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Hybrid Advances
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1