Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90014-X
William D. Garvey, Kazuo Tomita, Patricia Woolf
In this article we examine the concept of the “information user”, and attempt to describe some of the dynamics of the situation by discussing some of our data relative to “intraindividual variations” (changes which occur within individual scientists as their scientific work progresses) and “interindividual variations” (physical vs social scientists, basic vs applied scientists, experienced vs inexperienced scientists, and scientists' working in the same subjectmatter area vs scientists who recently changed their areas). All of these were found to produce significant variation in the information needs of scientists and in the sources they used to satisfy these needs. Some implications of these findings relative to information technology are discussed.
{"title":"The dynamic scientific-information user","authors":"William D. Garvey, Kazuo Tomita, Patricia Woolf","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90014-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90014-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article we examine the concept of the “information user”, and attempt to describe some of the dynamics of the situation by discussing some of our data relative to “intraindividual variations” (changes which occur within individual scientists as their scientific work progresses) and “interindividual variations” (physical vs social scientists, basic vs applied scientists, experienced vs inexperienced scientists, and scientists' working in the same subjectmatter area vs scientists who recently changed their areas). All of these were found to produce significant variation in the information needs of scientists and in the sources they used to satisfy these needs. Some implications of these findings relative to information technology are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 115-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90014-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91603896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90017-5
Barbara Dattler
{"title":"Elsevier's dictionary of library science, information and documentation","authors":"Barbara Dattler","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90017-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90017-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 155-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90017-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74178208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90015-1
T. De Heer
A new concept called syntactic trace is introduced. Syntactic traces consist of syntactic similarity patterns and data base pointers. The similarity patterns contain indications about polygram-substrings that searchable parts of the different documents which are connected by means of the pointers have in common. An experimental computer program called STORES (Syntactic Trace Organized Retrospective Enquiry System) has been developed; it makes use of an access-strategy based on the syntactic traces. The results show that just a minor part of the total data base has to be processed in order to find exactly all possible hits for a given information enquiry in the form of a boolean expression.
{"title":"Experiments with syntactic traces in information retrieval","authors":"T. De Heer","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90015-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90015-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new concept called syntactic trace is introduced. Syntactic traces consist of syntactic similarity patterns and data base pointers. The similarity patterns contain indications about polygram-substrings that searchable parts of the different documents which are connected by means of the pointers have in common. An experimental computer program called STORES (Syntactic Trace Organized Retrospective Enquiry System) has been developed; it makes use of an access-strategy based on the syntactic traces. The results show that just a minor part of the total data base has to be processed in order to find exactly all possible hits for a given information enquiry in the form of a boolean expression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90015-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91680916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-02-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90006-0
{"title":"Reports and theses","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90006-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90006-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90006-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136939494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-02-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90011-4
Rowena Weiss Swanson
{"title":"Information science and computer basics, an introduction","authors":"Rowena Weiss Swanson","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90011-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90011-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 83-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90011-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86554383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-02-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90002-3
D.A. Kemp
The difference between pertinence and relevance is discussed. Other pairs of terms and the differences between their members are examined, and the suggestion is made that such studies could increase our understanding of the theory of information systems, and thence lead to practical improvements. Some examples are considered, among them the use of “personality profiles” to improve the pertinence effectiveness of systems.
{"title":"Relevance, pertinence and information system development","authors":"D.A. Kemp","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90002-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90002-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The difference between pertinence and relevance is discussed. Other pairs of terms and the differences between their members are examined, and the suggestion is made that such studies could increase our understanding of the theory of information systems, and thence lead to practical improvements. Some examples are considered, among them the use of “personality profiles” to improve the pertinence effectiveness of systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90002-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134220498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-02-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90004-7
Frank W. Coaker
Traditional and table-driven methods of editing input data for a data-storage system are compared. An application of table-driven input editing is described for a high-volume, multiple-format, clinical data-base which is subject to frequent modification in form and content. Modification of formats in the data-base does not require a programmer, and can be handled in a matter of minutes rather than days.
{"title":"Table-driven input editing for a data-storage system","authors":"Frank W. Coaker","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90004-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90004-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional and table-driven methods of editing input data for a data-storage system are compared. An application of table-driven input editing is described for a high-volume, multiple-format, clinical data-base which is subject to frequent modification in form and content. Modification of formats in the data-base does not require a programmer, and can be handled in a matter of minutes rather than days.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90004-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122089248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-02-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90010-2
Richard J. Vorwerk
{"title":"The foundations of education for librarianship","authors":"Richard J. Vorwerk","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90010-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90010-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 2","pages":"Page 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90010-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79160715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-02-01DOI: 10.1016/0020-0271(74)90003-5
Bernard C. Reardon
The retrieval of information by means of freely-chosen descriptors may be handled efficiently by creating an inverted file organization in an adaptive manner, entries in this file being generated by sequential searching of the master file, when required. A system design utilizing this concept and incorporating features to generate file keys of wide generality, to minimise sequential searching, and to regulate the size of the inverted file, is described. Operational parameters which can be varied to tune the system for efficient operation are discussed. Some potential applications of this type of retrieval system are presented.
{"title":"An adaptive information retrieval system using partial file inversion","authors":"Bernard C. Reardon","doi":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90003-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-0271(74)90003-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The retrieval of information by means of freely-chosen descriptors may be handled efficiently by creating an inverted file organization in an adaptive manner, entries in this file being generated by sequential searching of the master file, when required. A system design utilizing this concept and incorporating features to generate file keys of wide generality, to minimise sequential searching, and to regulate the size of the inverted file, is described. Operational parameters which can be varied to tune the system for efficient operation are discussed. Some potential applications of this type of retrieval system are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100670,"journal":{"name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-0271(74)90003-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125694494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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