Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research最新文献

{"title":"Cycling and cognition in middle-aged and older adults: A scoping review","authors":"Kathryn L. Walker ,&nbsp;Adrienne Gaudreault ,&nbsp;Stephanie A. Prince ,&nbsp;Gary Goldfield ,&nbsp;Vanessa Taler ,&nbsp;Monica Taljaard ,&nbsp;Meghan Winters ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Kristjansson","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cognitive decline with aging is a population health issue. Cycling may help maintain cognitive function and prevent cognitive decline in older adulthood. We conducted a scoping review to summarize and identify gaps in the literature examining cycling for transportation and/or recreation and their association with cognition in middle-aged and older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nine bibliographic databases were searched (inception-March 2024) to identify all articles that reported on cycling for transportation, leisure outdoors, or cycling indoors along a virtual bike path, and any cognitive outcome among adults ≥ 45 years of age. We summarized article findings and associations narratively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Searching identified 5171 citations, and 23 articles were included examining apparently healthy and clinical populations. Cycling interventions included virtual cycling indoors (randomized controlled trials=10, quasi-experimental=5), cycling outdoors for recreation (quasi-experimental=3, cross-sectional=1), any reason (cohort=1, cross-sectional=1), or transportation (simulation modelling=2). The most frequently examined cognitive outcome was executive function (n = 15), followed by memory (n = 9) and, global cognition (n = 9). Most articles (70 %) reported a statistically significant positive association between cycling and a cognitive outcome. Identified literature gaps include, a lack of sex- and gender-based analyses; robust study designs exploring cycling outdoors including for transportation; and literature examining additive cognitive benefits of cycling over other physical activity and transportation modes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cycling may help maintain or improve cognitive health during aging. Further high-quality research is needed to examine outdoor and transport cycling across all cognitive outcomes, the additional benefits of cycling over other physical activity and transportation modes, and whether gender differences exist. Cycling may help maintain or improve cognitive health during aging. Further high-quality research is needed to examine outdoor and transport cycling across all cognitive outcomes, the additional benefits of cycling over other physical activity and transportation modes, and whether gender differences exist.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the impact of lower speed limits on residential streets for cyclist level of traffic stress and car travel time in Greater Melbourne","authors":"Afshin Jafari ,&nbsp;Steve Pemberton ,&nbsp;Sapan Tiwari ,&nbsp;Tayebeh Saghapour ,&nbsp;Nikhil Chand ,&nbsp;Belen Zapata-Diomedi ,&nbsp;Billie Giles-Corti","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing speed limits to create safer, lower-stress environments for cyclists is a widely proposed policy but often faces resistance due to concerns about increased travel times. This study evaluates these concerns by assessing Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) under existing speed limits (base scenario) and the effects of reducing residential street speed limits to 40 km/h and 30 km/h (alternative scenarios) on cycling LTS and car travel time.</div><div>LTS is a widely used measure of cycling stress, categorising road segments from LTS-1 (least stressful) to LTS-4 (most stressful). We assigned LTS values to all road segments in Greater Melbourne based on cycling infrastructure, road hierarchy, traffic volume, and speed limits from OpenStreetMap. Trips from a government travel survey were then routed through the network to estimate exposure to different LTS levels under base and alternative scenarios. Additionally, a mode choice model was developed to examine the impact of LTS exposure on cycling likelihood. Finally, an agent-based transport model was used to evaluate the impact of this intervention on car travel time.</div><div>Results showed significant reductions in high-LTS exposure with lower speed limits. Under the base case, 27.9% of routes were on LTS-1 roads, and at 30 km/h this increased to 63.3%. Mode choice model results confirmed a strong negative correlation between cycling likelihood and high-LTS exposure. Car travel time impacts were minimal, even for trips largely on residential streets the average was only one minute.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to accommodate cycling at intersections. The limits of behavioural measures","authors":"Cinzia Zanetti ,&nbsp;Dimitri Marincek ,&nbsp;Patrick Rérat","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the challenges faced by cycling at intersections, which were initially built to accommodate car traffic. Using the concept of <em>obduracy</em>, defined as the resistance of infrastructure to changes in its original function, we analysed two behavioural measures: the recommendation for cyclists to ride in the middle of the roundabout, and a sign allowing right-turn-on-red at signalised intersections. Our data came from field observations and intercept surveys conducted at 15 locations in Lausanne, Switzerland. We found that the obduracy of intersections operates on three levels: how they are designed (planning, materiality, legislation), how they are perceived (social norms, legitimacy, expertise), and how they are experienced (interactions with other road users). Our findings highlighted that although most cyclists knew the two behavioural measures, they did not always use them, due to low legitimacy, difficulty of use, insufficient safety, or a lack of usefulness. This was specifically the case of riding in the middle of roundabouts: Although Swiss road safety campaigns regularly advised cyclists to do so, the perceived dangers of sharing the road with cars deterred many from following this recommendation. Another overlooked obstacle was other road users’ lack of knowledge of the rules for cyclists, notably right-turn-on-red, which could lead to negative reactions, dangerous behaviour and stigmatisation of cyclists (e.g. wrongly thinking they were running red lights). The paper underlines the limits of behavioural measures and the need for redesigning infrastructure. It also introduces a novel theoretical framework to analyse cycling infrastructure, which could be applied in other settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying e-scooter rider profiles in the United States: A latent class cluster analysis","authors":"Aurojeet Jena ,&nbsp;Basar Ozbilen ,&nbsp;Alimurtaza Kothawala ,&nbsp;Yongsung Lee ,&nbsp;Kailai Wang ,&nbsp;Charalampos Saridakis ,&nbsp;Zia Wadud ,&nbsp;Yuanxuan Yang ,&nbsp;Susan Grant-Muller ,&nbsp;Sebastian Castellanos ,&nbsp;Giovanni Circella","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global rise of e-scooters as a novel form of micromobility has reshaped urban transportation. Positioned as a sustainable mobility solution, transportation scholars underline that e-scooters have the potential to replace short car trips, reduce traffic congestion and carbon emissions, and increase energy efficiency of transportation systems. While existing literature has explored e-scooter adoption and trip characteristics extensively, there remains a research gap regarding the classification of e-scooter users. This paper attempts to overcome this deficiency by employing a latent class cluster analysis to classify e-scooter users based on their trip frequency, motivation, and purpose. Data used for the analysis were collected from e-scooter users in Washington, DC and Portland, OR in the United States. The results reveal two distinct classes of e-scooter users: ‘Joyriders’ and ‘Busyriders’. Joyriders tend to be young, female and belong to higher-income and vehicle-affluent households. They use e-scooters for leisure or tourism purposes, valuing pleasure and time savings. Busyriders are predominantly males aged 18–54 from vehicle-deficient households spanning diverse income groups and use e-scooters weekly for commuting, errands, and shopping purposes, prioritizing utilitarian and environmental benefits. The findings of this study can inform policymakers in developing effective e-scooter promotion policies, tailored to the preferences and needs of different user groups. The policy implications from this study can contribute towards the incorporation of e-scooters as a sustainable and efficient travel alternative into urban transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are we measuring what matters? A multilayered framework evaluating active mobility infrastructure through PLOS, BLOS and 15 minute city principles","authors":"Richa Maheshwari ,&nbsp;Martin Loidl ,&nbsp;Rupali Khare ,&nbsp;Mario Cools","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active mobility is increasingly recognised as the cornerstone of sustainable urban development. Providing suitable infrastructure for walking and cycling is essential for promoting active transport and achieving its associated environmental and health benefits. However, systematically evaluating the suitability of active mobility infrastructure remains a methodological challenge. This paper presents a multilayered conceptual framework designed to assist policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in assessing active mobility infrastructure by integrating Pedestrian and Bicycle Level of Service models with the principles of the 15 min city. The hierarchical framework organises six broad constructs, such as Facilities, Geometric Design, Built and Natural Environment, Amenities, Proximity and Accessibility, and Flow and Traffic Characteristics, under which 138 unique indicators are classified. A systematic review of 78 studies using the PRISMA protocol guided the development of this structure, revealing both commonly cited and underutilised indicators critical for infrastructure evaluation. The three-layered framework illustrates how pedestrian and cyclist experiences are shaped by the interplay between physical infrastructure, its surrounding environment, and functional performance. It enhances conceptual clarity, reduces redundancy and ambiguities caused by overlapping terminologies, and supports evaluation at both micro and macro scales. It introduces the \"Golden Nuggets\", i.e., the essential indicators for evaluating non-motorised infrastructure and highlights underused but important metrics. The framework also recommends scaling segment-based assessments to route- and network-based levels, advancing current PLOS and BLOS models. Future research should focus on empirical validation across spatial scales and the development of indicator weighting schemes to enhance the framework’s application as a practical, scalable, and transferable evaluation tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of plausible low traffic neighbourhoods using open data","authors":"Chris Larkin ,&nbsp;Craig Robson ,&nbsp;Alistair Ford","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low Traffic Neighbourhoods (LTNs) form an important component of urban active travel infrastructure and policy in the United Kingdom. These zones aim to prioritise street space for cycling and walking by reducing motorised traffic within the neighbourhood. While the impacts of these zones have been studied at a local scale, research often relies on bespoke datasets provided by local councils, which are frequently unavailable or do not exist for many urban areas. To examine LTNs at a larger scale, there is a need for tools and methods to identify their locations. This study develops an open, data-driven approach to identify and evaluate plausible LTNs for any Local Authority District in the UK, creating the foundations for a national LTN dataset. The methods are applied to Newcastle Upon Tyne to demonstrate the tool. First, we separate the city into neighbourhoods based on areas where people can cycle or walk comfortably before encountering a severance, such as major roads. For each neighbourhood, three metrics are produced using OpenStreetMap data to measure the transport characteristics of the zone: the density of modal filtering, the presence of traffic through-routes, and permeability difference between active modes and vehicle modes passing through a neighbourhood. Across Newcastle, we identify 215 unique neighbourhoods with 339 modal filters. Notably, 55% of neighbourhoods contain no modal filtering, while 66% have traffic through-routes. Permeability differences with neighbourhoods range from 0 m to 4046 m. Metrics are combined to provide an overall LTN plausibility score, which is visualised through automatically generated web map outputs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clutter from parked e-scooters: Effects of dedicated spaces","authors":"Katrine Karlsen,&nbsp;Petr Pokorny,&nbsp;Espen Johnsson,&nbsp;Aslak Fyhri","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shared e-scooters are popular, but improperly parked e-scooters impede access for pedestrians. Policymakers need knowledge about the impact and limitations of parking measures to reduce clutter. This paper evaluates pilots that introduced dedicated e-scooter parking places in areas with free-floating parking. Parking racks were implemented in a borough in Oslo, while painted spaces were introduced in the city centres of Oslo and Trondheim. The parking measures were evaluated using video recordings, GPS-data and surveys. Results show that about two thirds of riders ending their trip in the vicinity of a parking measure park in or near the measure. The parking becomes more concentrated around the measures and there is a clear reduction in the share of e-scooters in the area that impede access for pedestrians. The large variations from site to site indicate that the exact placement of the parking measure is important. The effect of voluntary parking measures is greatest in the immediate vicinity and appears to fade away about 70 m from the measures. Non-riders experience parked e-scooter as an obstacle to a significantly greater extent than riders do, and there was no significant decrease in perceptions of e-scooters as an obstacle after a parking rack was placed. Overall, voluntary parking measures appear to improve parking behaviour in the immediate vicinity, but do not eliminate problematic parking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School bikeability index: A case study of primary schools in Stockholm","authors":"Ivana Paulusová,&nbsp;Fariya Sharmeen","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In most developed countries, active travel to and from school has declined over the past few decades. In Sweden, active travel among children and young adults declined by 40 % between 1995 and 2014. To remedy and reverse this trend, it is crucial to understand and establish the necessary preconditions for promoting active school travel, i.e. built environment and infrastructural provisions. Within that context, this paper presents a school bikeability index for Stockholm, focusing primarily on built environment indicators. These indicators were weighted according to their importance as perceived by children’s guardians in Stockholm. The study provides insights into possible correlates of importance of bikeability indicators, suggesting different valuations by guardians depending on their gender and children’s age. The spatial analysis shows a variability of school bikeability across the city. Findings suggest that overall many of the primary schools could significantly enhance their bikeability by implementing measures such as, bicycle parking, traffic calming signage and connecting school entrances directly to cycle paths. Closer investigations of some of the highest- and lowest-scoring schools and selected school pairs inform that even the high-scoring schools are often lacking in implementation of some children-friendly cycling infrastructure, and that low-scoring schools could benefit from implementing some, relatively low-cost improvements. An equity analysis shows no significant differences between school bikeability scores and average income. Open access data were utilised, allowing the methodology to be replicable in other cities. For future iterations of the index, it would be beneficial to refine and validate the index weights while incorporating additional indicators. This process should account for their complexity and the varying valuations assigned by different groups, including children themselves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to create a sustainable growth in bicycle traffic? The case of Paris","authors":"Alexandre Lanvin ,&nbsp;Jean Charléty ,&nbsp;Guillaume Ferreol ,&nbsp;Anatole Homann ,&nbsp;Elliot Massey ,&nbsp;Alix Vermeulen ,&nbsp;Alexandre Chasse","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, cycling has received notable investments in response to the urge to decarbonize the transportation sector, leading to an increase in its modal share in many territories. The present article presents a longitudinal study that evaluates the impact of various public policies on bicycle growth in Paris over the period 2018–2023. Variables of interest can be classified according to five themes: targeted cycling policies, restrictions imposed on motorized vehicles, disruptions on other modes of transport, livability policies, and economic conditions. The methodology is based on dependence-aware sensitivity analysis techniques to assess the separate contributions of each of these variables on bicycle traffic, aggregated at the city scale, and extracted from ground counter data. In order to be exhaustive, variations due to weather and calendar dynamics are also controlled for. Results indicate that local authorities should primarily focus on the development of bicycle infrastructure, including bicycle lanes, parking slots, and effective bicycle-sharing systems. While these measures are instrumental, sustainable growth relies on the implementation of a diverse range of policies. Bicycle usage can be further expanded by making it more attractive, specifically through the creation of pedestrian zones and green spaces, or the promotion of e-bikes. Additionally, cycling tends to increase as car usage becomes more difficult, although this finding calls for equity considerations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cycling speed profiles from GPS data: Insights for conventional and electrified bicycles in Switzerland","authors":"Laurin F. Maurer,&nbsp;Adrian Meister,&nbsp;Kay W. Axhausen","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding cycling speed dynamics is crucial for effective transportation planning and infrastructure development. This study analyzes GPS-based cycling speed profiles in Zurich, Switzerland, focusing on conventional bicycles, e-bikes (25 km/h), and speed pedelecs (45 km/h). Using GPS data from 351 cyclists, we examine the influence of socio-demographic factors (age, gender, BMI), road infrastructure, gradients, and weather conditions on cycling speeds. Our findings reveal that speed pedelecs achieve the highest speeds, frequently exceeding residential speed limits, raising questions about their classification and integration into urban mobility networks. Machine learning models identify road gradients, BMI, and age as key determinants of cycling speed. Additionally, results show that e-bikes and speed pedelecs experience longer intersection delays. These insights offer valuable contributions to urban transport policies, cycling infrastructure planning, and traffic modeling, ensuring safer and more efficient mobility solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}