Pub Date : 2000-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00009-3
{"title":"Author Index Journal of Income Distribution, 2000, Vol. 9","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00009-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00009-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 2","pages":"Page 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00009-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136557483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00017-7
Y.S Brenner
{"title":"Economic theory without economic history is scholasticism","authors":"Y.S Brenner","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00017-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00017-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00017-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81768328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00012-8
Peter H Lindert
New information and new perspectives reveal three long periods in which the two most-studied economies had a widening in income and wealth gaps. First, income inequality rose in both Britain and America between 1977 and 1995. In America, it regained the old pre-1929 levels, contrary to the official figures. Second, wealth and earnings gaps widened sometime in America between 1774 and 1913. Third, inequality rose in Britain from 1740 to 1810, earlier than others have suspected. This early widening reflects the role of severe relative price movements, which have been missed by the usual measures of (nominal) income inequality.
{"title":"When did inequality rise in Britain and America?","authors":"Peter H Lindert","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00012-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00012-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New information and new perspectives reveal three long periods in which the two most-studied economies had a widening in income and wealth gaps. First, income inequality rose in both Britain and America between 1977 and 1995. In America, it regained the old pre-1929 levels, contrary to the official figures. Second, wealth and earnings gaps widened sometime in America between 1774 and 1913. Third, inequality rose in Britain from 1740 to 1810, earlier than others have suspected. This early widening reflects the role of severe relative price movements, which have been missed by the usual measures of (nominal) income inequality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 11-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00012-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88648698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00016-5
M. Pammer
{"title":"Inequality in Property Incomes in Nineteenth-century Austria","authors":"M. Pammer","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00016-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00016-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"106 1","pages":"65-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87968357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00014-1
Jörg Baten
This study examines and confirms Kuznets' “Inverted U”-hypothesis of income distribution on the basis of the physical stature of Bavarian conscripts in the first half of the nineteenth century. We find that the inequality of nutritional status was greater in industrially more-developed regions and towns and that nutritional inequality increased over time.
{"title":"Economic development and the distribution of nutritional resources in Bavaria, 1797–1839","authors":"Jörg Baten","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00014-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00014-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines and confirms Kuznets' “Inverted U”-hypothesis of income distribution on the basis of the physical stature of Bavarian conscripts in the first half of the nineteenth century. We find that the inequality of nutritional status was greater in industrially more-developed regions and towns and that nutritional inequality increased over time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 89-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00014-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88809572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00015-3
Gloria Quiroga, Sebastián Coll
Changes in the differences of heights among social groups could indicate shifts in income inequality. However, they can result from other factors as well. This article discusses which factors are these and, hence, which variables should we control for before taking height differences as a proxy for income inequality. An application to Spain from late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century seems to sustain the authors' contentions, and provide some conclusions for this country and time period. Given the scarcity of data on family incomes, this method could prove valuable for the study of the long-run evolution of income distribution in other countries.
{"title":"Income distribution in the mirror of height differences","authors":"Gloria Quiroga, Sebastián Coll","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00015-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00015-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Changes in the differences of heights among social groups could indicate shifts in income inequality. However, they can result from other factors as well. This article discusses which factors are these and, hence, which variables should we control for before taking height differences as a proxy for income inequality. An application to Spain from late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century seems to sustain the authors' contentions, and provide some conclusions for this country and time period. Given the scarcity of data on family incomes, this method could prove valuable for the study of the long-run evolution of income distribution in other countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 107-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00015-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119143329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00015-3
Gloria Quiroga, S. Coll
{"title":"Income distribution in the mirror of height differences","authors":"Gloria Quiroga, S. Coll","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00015-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00015-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86454157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00003-2
John A James, Mark Thomas
What happened to wage inequality during American industrialization? This paper uses old and new data to address this question. The old data are in the form of pay ratios, while the new capture changes in the overall wage distribution, rather than in just the relative pay of workers at the top and bottom. Using payroll information from the Aldrich report for establishments in construction, railroads, and manufacturing, we calculate Theil indices for all production workers. These two data sets provide complementary information but suggest a common conclusion — namely that American wage inequality did not rise perceptibly over the nineteenth century.
{"title":"Industrialization and wage inequality in nineteenth-century urban America","authors":"John A James, Mark Thomas","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00003-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00003-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>What happened to wage inequality during American industrialization? This paper uses old and new data to address this question. The old data are in the form of pay ratios, while the new capture changes in the overall wage distribution, rather than in just the relative pay of workers at the top and bottom. Using payroll information from the Aldrich report for establishments in construction, railroads, and manufacturing, we calculate Theil indices for all production workers. These two data sets provide complementary information but suggest a common conclusion — namely that American wage inequality did not rise perceptibly over the nineteenth century.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 39-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(00)00003-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81551034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00018-9
Peter H Lindert
Seeking to enrich our understanding of inequality movements, economic historians have used new data to illuminate the earlier darkness that Kuznets urged us to explore. To explore earlier worlds without income tax returns or modern household surveys, they have turned to non-income measures of purchasing power and well-being. The articles in this issue give a good sampling from this new wave of the economic history of inequality.
{"title":"Early inequality and industrialization","authors":"Peter H Lindert","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00018-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00018-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seeking to enrich our understanding of inequality movements, economic historians have used new data to illuminate the earlier darkness that Kuznets urged us to explore. To explore earlier worlds without income tax returns or modern household surveys, they have turned to non-income measures of purchasing power and well-being. The articles in this issue give a good sampling from this new wave of the economic history of inequality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 5-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00018-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75691333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00013-X
Martin Shanahan, Margaret Corell
Current estimates of long trends in the distribution of personal wealth in the United States combine a number of different studies. However, the trend estimates are open to challenge because of differences in methods of estimation between individual studies. In this article, a sample set from the 1860 census is analyzed and the distribution of wealth among different subsets of the population is described. Holding constant the method of estimation, we conclude that the apparent rise in inequality in the United States between 1774 and 1860, as measured using the Gini coefficient, is overstated by .1.
{"title":"How much more unequal? Consistent estimates of the distribution of wealth in the United States between 1774 and 1860","authors":"Martin Shanahan, Margaret Corell","doi":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00013-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00013-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Current estimates of long trends in the distribution of personal wealth in the United States combine a number of different studies. However, the trend estimates are open to challenge because of differences in methods of estimation between individual studies. In this article, a sample set from the 1860 census is analyzed and the distribution of wealth among different subsets of the population is described. Holding constant the method of estimation, we conclude that the apparent rise in inequality<span> in the United States between 1774 and 1860, as measured using the Gini coefficient, is overstated by .1.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Income Distribution","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0926-6437(99)00013-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75167319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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