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Dolomitization history and porosity evolution of the deeply buried Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation, Sichuan Basin, SW China 四川盆地寒武系西相池组白云化历史及孔隙演化
IF 2 Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.100258
Zhuang-Zhuang Bai , Shu-Yuan Shi , Yong-Jie Hu , Wei Yang , Wu-Ren Xie , Wen-Zheng Li
The deeply buried (>4500 m) Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China, hosts significant reserves of natural gas. A comprehensive analysis combining petrographic, paleo-thermometric, geochemical, and petrophysical materials of the dolostone from the Xixiangchi Formation was conducted to provide insight into deeply buried carbonate reservoirs and decipher the complex diagenetic history. Dolomite-mudstone, fine-crystalline dolostone, and fine-crystalline dolomite cement of the Xixiangchi Formation underwent sabkha and reflux dolomitization. Medium- to coarse-crystalline dolostone, dolo-grainstone, and medium- to coarse-crystalline dolomite cements were then formed by burial dolomitization. These dolomites display δ13C ratios and REE patterns comparable to seawater, with progressively depleted δ18O ratios at greater burial depths. Dolo-grainstone originating from the platform shoal facies exhibits higher primary porosities and well-developed inter-particle pores compared to dolo-mudstone and crystalline dolostone lithologies, which are typically associated with the low-energy tidal flat and/or restricted platform environments. The initial spatial heterogeneity of primary porosity was subsequently modified by meteoric alteration and repeated episodes of dolomitization, which contributed to the development of secondary porosity. These processes increased the resistivity to compaction, and open fractures increased reservoir permeability. During the deep burial regime, saddle dolomite and calcite cements were precipitated at high fluid temperatures (up to 220 °C). Thermochemical sulfate reduction is characterized by the occurrence of anhydrite, hydrocarbon, and high homogenization temperatures and significantly low δ13C ratios (av.=−23.7‰) of calcite cements. Deep burial dissolution is significantly constrained by: corrosion of late diagenetic minerals, and the occurrence of bitumen in the center of pores. Mechanisms for the deep-burial dissolution include hydrothermal alteration and thermochemical sulfate reduction. This study indicates the complex diagenetic evolution of Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation, providing significant insights into global deep-burial carbonate reservoir potential.
四川盆地寒武系西相池组深埋(>4500 m),蕴藏着丰富的天然气资源。通过对西乡池组白云岩岩相、古温学、地球化学、岩石物理等资料的综合分析,揭示了深埋碳酸盐岩储层,揭示了其复杂的成岩历史。西乡池组白云岩泥岩、细晶白云岩和细晶白云岩胶结物分别经历了sabkha和回流白云化。埋藏白云化作用形成中~粗晶白云岩、白云粒岩和中~粗晶白云岩胶结物。这些白云岩的δ13C比值和REE模式与海水相当,δ18O比值随着埋深的增加而逐渐减少。源自台地滩相的白云岩颗粒岩比白云岩泥岩和结晶白云岩岩性具有更高的原生孔隙度和发育良好的颗粒间孔隙,通常与低能潮滩和/或受限台地环境有关。原生孔隙的初始空间非均质性随后被大气蚀变和白云化的反复发生所改变,从而促进了次生孔隙的发育。这些过程增加了压实电阻率,开放裂缝增加了储层渗透率。在深埋时期,鞍状白云岩和方解石胶结物在高温(高达220℃)下析出。热化学硫酸盐还原的特征是硬石膏、烃类的存在,均一温度高,方解石胶结物的δ13C比明显低(av = - 23.7‰)。深埋溶蚀作用主要受晚成岩矿物的腐蚀和孔隙中心沥青的赋存制约。深埋溶蚀机制包括热液蚀变和热化学硫酸盐还原。该研究揭示了寒武系西乡池组复杂的成岩演化过程,为全球深部碳酸盐岩储层潜力研究提供了重要依据。
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引用次数: 0
Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) from Paleoproterozoic siliciclastic successions and their bearing on shallow marine sedimentation: Bayana Basin, North Delhi Fold Belt, India 印度北德里褶皱带巴亚纳盆地古元古代硅屑层序微生物诱导沉积构造及其与浅海沉积的关系
IF 2 Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.04.001
Rahul Bailwal, Partha Pratim Chakraborty
An attempt has been made to document Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structure (MISS) from siliciclastic strata of the Nithar and Badalgarh Formations, Paleoproterozoic Raialo and Alwar groups of rocks in the Bayana Basin of NW India. Whereas in the Badalgarh Formation MISS are documented from shallow marine foreshore-upper shoreface succession, in the Nithar Formation, the features are recorded from fluvial deposits where the river system attained local stagnation. Unlike the dominant description of Precambrian shallow-marine MISS from sub-tidal settings, the present description highlights MISS from foreshore-upper shoreface deposits of the Badalgarh coastline. MISS are documented from field study (bedding surface) and are further proved by microscope study of thin sections. The bedding surface features include wrinkle marks, palimpsest ripple, patchy ripple, gas dome structure, desiccation cracks, and erosional remains, whereas under microscope, wavy crinkly microbial laminae with frayed edges, trapping of fine detritus in microbial filaments, flying paper effect and disseminations/clots of pyrite, in association, are documented. The biogenicity of the crinkly laminae is further checked by Raman Spectroscopy. The documented microbial structures are grouped under three categories, namely mat growth and stabilization, mat destruction, and mat burial. The Badalgarh coastline records shallowing-upward normal regressive depositional trend. In conjunction with earlier descriptions of MISS from Paleoproterzoic and Neoproterozoic successions of central and western India, the present study from northwest India establishes an overwhelming microbial influence on Precambrian siliciclastic sedimentation in Indian basins.
对印度西北部巴亚纳盆地的Nithar组和Badalgarh组、古元古代Raialo组和Alwar组岩石的硅屑地层进行了微生物诱导沉积构造(MISS)记录。在巴达尔加尔组中,记录的特征来自浅海前滨-上滨面演替,而在尼塔尔组中,记录的特征来自河流系统达到局部停滞的河流沉积。与来自潮下环境的前寒武纪浅海MISS的主要描述不同,目前的描述强调了来自巴达尔加尔海岸线的前滨-上滨面沉积物的MISS。从现场研究(层理表面)记录了MISS,并通过薄片的显微镜研究进一步证实了MISS。层理表面特征包括褶皱痕迹、褶皱褶皱、斑状褶皱、气丘结构、干燥裂缝和侵蚀遗迹,而在显微镜下,则记录了边缘磨损的波浪状褶皱微生物层、细碎屑在微生物细丝中的捕获、飞纸效应和黄铁矿的扩散/凝块。用拉曼光谱进一步验证了皱膜的生物原性。记录的微生物结构分为三类,即席生长和稳定,席破坏和席埋葬。巴达尔加尔河岸线呈浅水向上的正常退积趋势。结合早期对印度中部和西部古元古代和新元古代序列的微碎屑沉积的描述,目前在印度西北部的研究确定了微生物对印度盆地前寒武纪硅屑沉积的压倒性影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Lower Miocene Askazansor Formation in Central Kazakhstan: Paleontological characteristics, biostratigraphy and paleogeographical conditions 哈萨克斯坦中部下中新世Askazansor组:古生物学特征、生物地层学和古地理条件
IF 2 Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2024.09.005
Saida Nigmatova, Bolat Bayshashov, Ilnura Madiyarova, Arman Seidali, Balzhan Kalibek
This manuscript provides valuable insight into the geological evolution of Central Kazakhstan during the Cenozoic and serves as a key tool for understanding the paleogeographic evolution of the surrounding regions. Based on the literature and the results of our own research, data on the Oligocene-Early Miocene fauna of the Askazansor site, located in the southern part of Central Kazakhstan, were analyzed and summarized. The stratigraphy was examined, the history of the research was studied, and an attempt was made to synchronize the paleofauna with other localities in Kazakhstan and Eurasia. The article presents descriptions of bone remains of previously unknown equids from here. The age of the deposits is considered to be the Early Miocene. Based on the study of mammals and the lithofacial analysis of sediments, conclusions were drawn about the paleoecological situation of this time.
该手稿提供了对哈萨克斯坦中部地区新生代地质演化的宝贵认识,并为了解周边地区古地理演化提供了重要工具。在文献资料和本人研究成果的基础上,对哈萨克斯坦中部南部Askazansor遗址渐新世-早中新世动物群资料进行了分析和总结。考察了地层学,研究了研究历史,并试图将古动物与哈萨克斯坦和欧亚大陆的其他地区同步。这篇文章介绍了以前不为人知的马科动物的骨骸描述。矿床年龄被认为是早中新世。通过对哺乳动物的研究和沉积物的岩面分析,得出了这一时期的古生态状况。
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引用次数: 0
Microbially-dominated Cambrian (Miaolingian) carbonate reef of the North China 华北寒武纪(妙岭期)微生物为主的碳酸盐岩礁
IF 2 Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.03.003
Ming-Xiang Mei , Muhammad Riaz , Ardiansyah Koeshidayatullah , Zi-Liang Liu
The Miaolingian Series is a distinctive lithostratigraphic unit within the Cambrian System, characterized by the abundance of non-laminated dendrolites relative to stromatolites. During the Miaolingian Epoch, the North China Platform was marked by a pervasive development of ooid banks (more than one million km2) along with large and small bioherms associated mainly with sea-level fall. The North China Platform, exemplified by the Huolianzhai section, serves as a paradigm for deciphering the microbial composition and the sedimentary architecture of microbial carbonates that developed in the normal regression phase of third-order sea level changes. Carbonate reefs (biohermal-type structures) in this section comprise a high density of calcified sheaths of filamentous cyanobacteria together with Epiphyton. The microbial carbonate may result from sophisticated calcification of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that form multiple biofilms in relatively thick microbial mats dominated by cyanobacteria. The presence of the dolomitic crystals within dense micrite of microbial carbonates, such as thrombolite, leiolite, stromatolite along with potential fossilized cyanobacterial spores embedded within clotted micrite of the thrombolitic leiolites, has sparked both interest and intrigue. These findings underscore the complex and enigmatic origins of microbial carbonates which are interpreted to have been predominantly influenced by cyanobacterial activity. This study provides valuable insights into the formation of microbial carbonates, with implications for similar geological settings worldwide.
苗岭系是寒武系中一个独特的岩石地层单元,其特征是相对于叠层石,无层状树突岩丰富。在苗岭期,华北地台的特征是普遍发育的鲕滩(面积超过100万平方公里)以及主要与海平面下降有关的大大小小的生物礁。华北地台以火连寨剖面为例,可作为解析三阶海平面变化正常回归阶段发育的微生物碳酸盐的微生物组成和沉积构型的范例。本剖面的碳酸盐礁(生物礁型结构)由高密度的丝状蓝藻的钙化鞘和附生菌组成。微生物碳酸盐可能是由于细胞外聚合物(EPS)的复杂钙化,在相对较厚的以蓝藻为主的微生物垫中形成多个生物膜。白云岩晶体存在于微生物碳酸盐的致密泥晶中,如血栓岩、橄榄岩、叠层石,以及嵌在血栓性橄榄岩的凝块泥晶中潜在的蓝藻孢子化石,引发了人们的兴趣和兴趣。这些发现强调了微生物碳酸盐的复杂和神秘的起源,这被解释为主要受蓝藻活动的影响。这项研究为微生物碳酸盐的形成提供了有价值的见解,对全球类似的地质环境具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 0
Enigmatic large-toothed Campanian polycotylid plesiosaurs with specific dietary preferences and potentially wide distribution 神秘的大齿坎帕尼亚多子叶蛇颈龙,具有特定的饮食偏好和潜在的广泛分布
IF 2 Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2024.11.007
Nikolay G. Zverkov , Igor A. Meleshin
Most polycotylid plesiosaurians have isodont dentition with relatively small and slender conical teeth. However, large and robust caniniform teeth are known for some of their basal late Albian and early Cenomanian representatives, implying greater ecological diversity early in the evolutionary history of the clade. Here we report the first evidence of polycotylids with large teeth in the Campanian, thus c. 15 Myr younger than previous records. Several teeth with crowns exceeding 40 mm in height and some reaching 25 mm in basal diameter were collected from two Campanian localities in European Russia. These are the largest polycotylid teeth reported from the Cretaceous of Eurasia. Their large size and specific enamel ornamentation markedly differ from other known polycotylid teeth, suggesting that these teeth belong to an undescribed taxon. However, similar enamel ornamentation was previously reported for the now forgotten ‘Piratosaurus plicatus’ Leidy, 1865 from the Upper Cretaceous of Canada, which may indicate the wide distribution of polycotylids with such teeth in the latest Cretaceous. Unlike classical polycotylids, the new teeth have strong apical wear which implies consumption of abrasive prey, similar to modern killer whales that feed on sharks. Thus, our finding reveals higher ecological diversity of polycotylids in the latest Cretaceous, suggesting the coexistence of small-to medium-toothed and large-toothed (probably ‘latirostrine’) taxa at different times of the evolutionary history of the Polycotylidae.
大多数多子叶蛇颈龙具有等齿,具有相对小而细长的锥形牙齿。然而,大而结实的犬科动物牙齿以其晚期阿尔布尼亚和早期塞诺曼尼亚的一些基础代表而闻名,这意味着在进化历史的早期,该分支具有更大的生态多样性。在这里,我们报告了坎帕尼亚多子轴类动物大牙齿的第一个证据,因此比以前的记录早了15万年。在欧洲俄罗斯的两个坎帕尼亚地区收集了一些冠高超过40毫米,基底直径达到25毫米的牙齿。这是在欧亚大陆白垩纪发现的最大的多子叶齿。它们的大尺寸和特殊的牙釉质纹饰明显不同于其他已知的多子叶齿,表明这些牙齿属于一个未被描述的分类群。然而,类似的珐琅纹饰在1865年发现的加拿大上白垩纪的“皱褶Piratosaurus”Leidy身上也有报道,这可能表明在白垩纪晚期,多子叶类动物广泛分布着这种牙齿。与传统的多子叶动物不同,这些新牙齿的顶端有很强的磨损,这意味着它们会吃掉具有磨蚀性的猎物,类似于以鲨鱼为食的现代虎鲸。因此,我们的发现揭示了白垩纪晚期多子齿动物具有较高的生态多样性,表明在多子齿科的进化史的不同时期存在着小到中齿和大齿(可能是“大齿”)分类群的共存。
{"title":"Enigmatic large-toothed Campanian polycotylid plesiosaurs with specific dietary preferences and potentially wide distribution","authors":"Nikolay G. Zverkov ,&nbsp;Igor A. Meleshin","doi":"10.1016/j.jop.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jop.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most polycotylid plesiosaurians have isodont dentition with relatively small and slender conical teeth. However, large and robust caniniform teeth are known for some of their basal late Albian and early Cenomanian representatives, implying greater ecological diversity early in the evolutionary history of the clade. Here we report the first evidence of polycotylids with large teeth in the Campanian, thus c. 15 Myr younger than previous records. Several teeth with crowns exceeding 40 mm in height and some reaching 25 mm in basal diameter were collected from two Campanian localities in European Russia. These are the largest polycotylid teeth reported from the Cretaceous of Eurasia. Their large size and specific enamel ornamentation markedly differ from other known polycotylid teeth, suggesting that these teeth belong to an undescribed taxon. However, similar enamel ornamentation was previously reported for the now forgotten ‘<em>Piratosaurus plicatus</em>’ Leidy, 1865 from the Upper Cretaceous of Canada, which may indicate the wide distribution of polycotylids with such teeth in the latest Cretaceous. Unlike classical polycotylids, the new teeth have strong apical wear which implies consumption of abrasive prey, similar to modern killer whales that feed on sharks. Thus, our finding reveals higher ecological diversity of polycotylids in the latest Cretaceous, suggesting the coexistence of small-to medium-toothed and large-toothed (probably ‘latirostrine’) taxa at different times of the evolutionary history of the Polycotylidae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeogeography","volume":"14 3","pages":"Article 100254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lacustrine delta-offshore bar system: depositional characteristics and formative mechanism 湖相三角洲-近海砂坝体系:沉积特征与形成机制
Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.100267
Chang-Ni Liu , Sheng-He Wu , Zhen-Hua Xu , Qi Ren , Da-Li Yue , De-Gang Wu , Yi-De Sun , Wen-Fu Cui , Ke-Li Li
The lacustrine delta-offshore bar system serves as a critical hydrocarbon reservoir, in which sedimentary processes and depositional characteristics reflect a complex interplay of hydrodynamic, sedimentological, and geomorphic dynamics. Notably, such systems with their full suite of morphological attributes have not been numerically simulated prior to this study. Our Delft3D simulation has successfully reproduced the delta-offshore bar system for the first time, providing a tool to quantitatively analyze its depositional processes and stratigraphic signatures. Three new perspectives are proposed: 1) Three distinct hydrodynamic reaches of the system are recognized by hourly-averaged seaward flow velocity and hourly-averaged water level: fluvial-dominated reaches (positive seaward flow velocity and water level); interaction reaches (both nearly zero); and wave-dominated reaches (negative seaward flow velocity despite sustained positive water level). Deltaic front and offshore bars develop simultaneously in fluvial-dominated and wave-dominated reaches, respectively, which are separated by an interaction reach. They exhibit distinct morphological and depositional characteristics resulted by different depositional processes. 2) Partially submerged offshore bars form near the breaker zone in the wave-dominated reaches, originating from thin and submergent longshore shoreface. Initially, two offshore bars form on both sides of the longshore shoreface through vertical accretion, then they experience elongation and merge into a large-scale bar through lateral accretion, and finally continue to widen through landward accretion. 3) Deltas are confined to the fluvial-dominated reaches, extending to a certain length with a low length-to-width ratio and a smooth shoreline, featuring rare sinuous distributary channels before the formation of the large-scale offshore bar. Once the large-scale offshore bar forms, deltas continue to prograde basinward. The results of this study have been applied to reservoir characterization, improving the identification of single sand-bodies and internal accretions in Member 2 of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation, Shengtuo Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin, China.
湖相三角洲-近海坝系是一个重要的油气储集层,其沉积过程和沉积特征反映了水动力、沉积学和地貌动力学的复杂相互作用。值得注意的是,在本研究之前,这种具有完整形态属性的系统尚未进行数值模拟。Delft3D模拟首次成功再现了三角洲-近海沙洲体系,为定量分析其沉积过程和地层特征提供了工具。提出了三个新的观点:1)通过小时平均向海流速和小时平均水位识别出系统的三个不同的水动力河段:河流主导河段(正向海流速和正向海水位);交互达到(两者都接近于零);波浪主导的河段(尽管水位持续为正,但向海流速为负)。河流主导型河段和波浪主导型河段同时发育三角洲前缘和近海沙洲,两者之间隔有一条相互作用河段。由于不同的沉积过程,它们表现出不同的形态和沉积特征。2)在波浪主导河段的破碎带附近形成部分淹没滨沙坝,起源于薄而沉的滨岸面。最初,两个滨外沙洲通过垂直增生在滨岸面两侧形成,然后通过侧向增生延伸并合并成一个大型沙洲,最后通过向陆增生继续加宽。3)三角洲局限于以河流为主导的河段,延伸到一定长度,长宽比较低,岸线平坦,在大规模滨沙坝形成前少有蜿蜒的分流河道。大规模近海沙洲形成后,三角洲继续向盆地内推进。将研究成果应用于渤海湾盆地胜坨油田古近系沙二段储层表征,提高了对单砂体和内部沉积的识别能力。
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引用次数: 0
Rhodoliths and trace fossils record stabilization of a fan-delta system: An example from the Mio-Pliocene deposits of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) Rhodoliths和微量化石记录了扇三角洲系统的稳定:以大加那利岛(西班牙加那利群岛)中新世-上新世沉积物为例
Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.100266
Ana Cristina Rebelo , Alfred Uchman , Markes E. Johnson , Carlos S. Melo , Juana Vegas , Inés Galindo , Eduardo J. Mayoral , Ana Santos , Alberto González-Rodríguez , Julio Afonso-Carrillo , Sérgio P. Ávila , Esther Martín-González
Fan-delta systems are geomorphological structures and sedimentary records seldom preserved on oceanic volcanic islands. The generally coarse-grained deposits belonging to the Las Palmas Detritic Formation (Mio-Pliocene) at the Las Rehoyas section, NE part of Gran Canaria Island (Canary Islands, Spain), contain abundant but relatively small rhodoliths, non-nucleated, in partly bioturbated (Skolithos ichnofacies) sand-dominated strata. This section consists of four sedimentary units deposited in a fan-delta system that developed on a marine platform in the northeastern part of the island. The system was flooded during the late Miocene to early Pliocene, a non-eruptive phase on Gran Canaria Island. Stabilization of the fan delta due to a relative rise in sea level enabled colonization by burrowing organisms and the development of rhodoliths, which were redeposited by storms from the lower shoreface–offshore to the foreshore–middle shoreface environment.
扇三角洲系统是海洋火山岛上少有的地貌构造和沉积记录。在大加那利岛(西班牙加那利群岛)东北部的Las Rehoyas剖面上,拉斯帕尔马斯碎屑岩组(中新世-上新世)的沉积物中,含有丰富但相对较小的无核rhodoliths,在部分生物扰动(Skolithos海相)砂占主导的地层中。该剖面由四个沉积单元组成,这些沉积单元沉积在岛东北部一个海相台地上发育的扇三角洲体系中。该系统在中新世晚期至上新世早期被淹没,这是大加那利岛的非喷发阶段。由于海平面的相对上升,扇三角洲的稳定使得穴居生物的定植和rhodoliths的发展成为可能,这些rhodoliths被风暴从较低的滨-近海环境重新沉积到前-中滨环境。
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引用次数: 0
Insights into the biostratigraphy of the Silurian–Devonian transition in Southwestern Gondwana, based on a new graptolite record from Argentina 基于阿根廷笔石新记录的冈瓦纳西南部志留纪-泥盆纪过渡生物地层学研究
Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.100265
Fernando E. Lopez , Juan J. Rustán , Juan L. Benedetto
The Silurian–Devonian transition witnessed not a single mass faunal turnover but minor extinctions and recovery intervals. Planktonic graptolites experienced a reduction in diversity before their extinction in the Early Devonian. Due to the scarce fossil record from high-latitude cold waters, these interpretations have been primarily based upon the best known low-latitude faunas. The graptolite herein presented is the first record of latest Silurian to possibly Devonian age from high southern paleolatitudes of Gondwana. A new fossil locality of the Argentine Precordillera yielded Slovinograptus? microdon curvatus, previously found only in the Canadian Arctic. This is the youngest Silurian graptolite record in south-western Gondwana, constituting a useful global biostratigraphic marker. The fossil-bearing strata can, at least partially, be correlated with the latest Silurian Uncinatograptus birchensis Zone, and can be referred to the latest Pridolian in accordance with evidence from the co-occurring brachiopod assemblage, as well as from conodont data from equivalent stratigraphic sections. Furthermore, the brachiopod faunal turnover recorded in the studied stratigraphic section potentially correlates with the Transgrediens Extinction Event, a biotic crisis not older than latest Pridolian. Evidence suggests that the brachiopod (and probably the trilobite) turnover and the concomitant biogeographic reconfiguration of provincialism of Gondwanan benthic faunas around the Silurian–Devonian boundary might be related to the aftermath of the Transgrediens Event.
志留纪-泥盆纪的过渡时期并不是一次大规模的动物更替,而是一次小的灭绝和恢复间隔。浮游笔石在泥盆纪早期灭绝之前经历了多样性的减少。由于来自高纬度寒冷水域的化石记录很少,这些解释主要基于最著名的低纬度动物。本文介绍的笔石是冈瓦纳古高纬度地区志留纪晚期至泥盆纪晚期的首次记录。阿根廷Precordillera的新化石产地发现了Slovinograptus?以前只在加拿大北极地区发现的微齿蛇。这是冈瓦纳西南部最年轻的志留纪笔石记录,是一个有用的全球生物地层标志。该含化石地层至少可以部分地与志留系最晚的Uncinatograptus birchensis带相对应,并且根据同时出现的腕足动物组合以及等效地层剖面的牙形石资料,可以将其与最晚的Pridolian相对应。此外,所研究的地层剖面记录的腕足动物区系更替可能与Transgrediens灭绝事件有关,这是一个不比最新的Pridolian更早的生物危机。有证据表明,志留纪-泥盆纪边界附近冈瓦纳底栖动物群的腕足类(可能还有三叶虫)更替以及随之而来的地方性的生物地理重构可能与越界事件的后果有关。
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引用次数: 0
The first record of the pachycormid fish Bonnerichthys in Eurasia marks a global distribution of Late Cretaceous suspension-feeding giants 在欧亚大陆首次发现的厚壳鱼类Bonnerichthys标志着晚白垩纪悬浮食性巨兽的全球分布
Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.100255
Alina Kanarkina , Nikolay G. Zverkov , Evgeny V. Popov
The giant Late Cretaceous suspension-feeding pachycormid Bonnerichthys has puzzled researchers since it was named, as its geographic distribution is confined to the USA, which contrasts with other widespread Jurassic and Cretaceous pachycormid genera. Here we describe fin fragments of Bonnerichthys from the Campanian of European Russia. The fins have a characteristic structure of the anterior edge, which is strongly thickened with its leading edge forming a sharp but irregularly excavated keel; internally the fins have a specific ossification with wedge-shaped structure between the rays. These features are autapomorphic of Bonnerichthys and thus allow for positive assignment of the Russian specimens to this genus. This is the first direct evidence of the presence of Bonnerichthys outside the USA, which solves the mystery of its seemingly restricted distribution and highlights that all large suspension-feeding pachycormids were cosmopolitan during their Jurassic and Cretaceous evolutionary history.
巨大的晚白垩世悬浮食性厚球虫类Bonnerichthys自从被命名以来就一直困扰着研究人员,因为它的地理分布仅限于美国,这与其他广泛分布的侏罗纪和白垩纪厚球虫类形成鲜明对比。在这里,我们描述了来自欧洲俄罗斯坎帕尼亚的Bonnerichthys的鳍碎片。鳍具有前缘的特征结构,前缘强烈增厚,形成锋利但不规则的龙骨;内部鳍有一个特殊的骨化与楔形结构之间的射线。这些特征是Bonnerichthys的自异形,因此可以肯定地将俄罗斯标本分配到该属。这是Bonnerichthys在美国以外存在的第一个直接证据,它解决了其看似有限的分布之谜,并强调了所有大型悬浮食性厚蛾在侏罗纪和白垩纪的进化史上都是世界性的。
{"title":"The first record of the pachycormid fish Bonnerichthys in Eurasia marks a global distribution of Late Cretaceous suspension-feeding giants","authors":"Alina Kanarkina ,&nbsp;Nikolay G. Zverkov ,&nbsp;Evgeny V. Popov","doi":"10.1016/j.jop.2025.100255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jop.2025.100255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The giant Late Cretaceous suspension-feeding pachycormid <em>Bonnerichthys</em> has puzzled researchers since it was named, as its geographic distribution is confined to the USA, which contrasts with other widespread Jurassic and Cretaceous pachycormid genera. Here we describe fin fragments of <em>Bonnerichthys</em> from the Campanian of European Russia. The fins have a characteristic structure of the anterior edge, which is strongly thickened with its leading edge forming a sharp but irregularly excavated keel; internally the fins have a specific ossification with wedge-shaped structure between the rays. These features are autapomorphic of <em>Bonnerichthys</em> and thus allow for positive assignment of the Russian specimens to this genus. This is the first direct evidence of the presence of <em>Bonnerichthys</em> outside the USA, which solves the mystery of its seemingly restricted distribution and highlights that all large suspension-feeding pachycormids were cosmopolitan during their Jurassic and Cretaceous evolutionary history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeogeography","volume":"14 3","pages":"Article 100255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Glacial and postglacial interpretation of Late Paleozoic sedimentation in a tectonically active mountain front in Paganzo Basin, Argentina 阿根廷Paganzo盆地构造活动山前晚古生代沉积的冰川和冰川后解释
Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jop.2025.100261
Carina Colombi , Pablo J. Alonso-Muruaga , Allison Raeann Kusick , John L. Isbell , Nicholas D. Fedorchuk , Carlos M. Alarcón , Carlos O. Limarino
The Guandacol Formation corresponds to glacial episode 4 of the “Late Paleozoic Ice Age” in western Gondwana. It represents the final glaciation of westernmost Gondwana and the beginning of deglaciation that swept across the supercontinent throughout the rest of the Paleozoic. A succession of transitional sedimentary facies associations characterizes the eastern outcrops of the Guandacol Formation. These facies associations are interlayered with several deposits of mass-transport complexes (MTC) and present the occasional opportunity to conduct a deep-time analysis of the effect of tectonism in what is interpreted to be glacially-influenced deposits. Six sedimentary facies associations were recognized in the lower part of the Guandacol Formation. Facies association 1 (interbedded diamictites, sandstones, and mudstones) overlies MTC 1 and is interpreted as sedimentation into a marine glacially-influenced outwash fan. Facies association 2 (ponded interbedded sandstones, mudstones, and diamictites) was deposited as subaqueous underflows/turbidites and debris flows covering the irregular paleotopography of MTC 2. Facies association 3 (white medium- to coarse-grained sandstones and conglomerates) represents a small deltaic system. Facies association 4 (rhythmites with dropstones and sandstones) was deposited in a partially ponded water body resulting from the collapse and paleotopography of MTC 3. Facies association 5 (coarsening-upward cycles of mudstones and sandstones) was deposited in prodelta to delta front environments. Finally, facies association 6 (conglomerates, sandstones, and mudstones) corresponds to the subaerial deltaic platform. The evolution of depositional environments suggests three glacially-linked stages: Stage 1 — Initial retreat of the nearby ice masses (facies association 1); Stage 2 — Further retreat of glaciers and the progressive decoupling between ice masses and sea (facies associations 2 and 3); and Stage 3 — Postglacial sedimentation dominated by deltaic progradation during highstand conditions (facies associations 4 to 6). The importance of the paleogeographic context is emphasized in which the tectonism triggered recurrent events of MTC that continually modified the topography and sedimentary patterns, interrupting and complicating the stratigraphy of the interpreted glacial and postglacial sedimentation.
关达科尔组对应于冈瓦纳西部“晚古生代冰期”第4冰期。它代表了冈瓦纳最西端的最后一次冰川作用,以及在古生代剩余时间里横扫超大陆的去冰川作用的开始。一连串的过渡沉积相组合是关达科尔组东部露头的特征。这些相组合与若干块体搬运复合体(MTC)沉积物层间存在,并且偶尔提供了对构造作用的深时间分析的机会,这些构造作用被解释为受冰川影响的沉积物。在官达科尔组下部识别出6个沉积相组合。相组合1(互层的二晶岩、砂岩和泥岩)覆盖在MTC 1上,被解释为沉积形成海相冰川影响的外冲扇。相组合2(池状互层砂岩、泥岩和二晶岩)以水下底流/浊积岩和碎屑流的形式沉积,覆盖了MTC 2不规则的古地形。相组合3(白色中粗粒砂岩和砾岩)代表一个小型三角洲体系。相组合4(节奏岩、落石和砂岩)沉积在由MTC 3的崩塌和古地形造成的部分池塘水体中。相组合5(泥岩和砂岩粗化—上旋回)沉积于前三角洲至三角洲前缘环境。最后,相组合6(砾岩、砂岩和泥岩)对应于陆生三角洲台地。沉积环境的演化表明冰川连接的三个阶段:第一阶段-附近冰块的初始退缩(相组合1);阶段2 -冰川进一步退缩,冰块与海洋逐渐分离(相组合2和3);第3阶段-冰川后沉积,在高水位条件下以三角洲沉积为主(相组合4至6)。强调了古地理背景的重要性,其中构造运动引发了MTC的反复事件,这些事件不断地改变了地形和沉积模式,中断和复杂化了解释的冰期和冰期后沉积的地层学。
{"title":"Glacial and postglacial interpretation of Late Paleozoic sedimentation in a tectonically active mountain front in Paganzo Basin, Argentina","authors":"Carina Colombi ,&nbsp;Pablo J. Alonso-Muruaga ,&nbsp;Allison Raeann Kusick ,&nbsp;John L. Isbell ,&nbsp;Nicholas D. Fedorchuk ,&nbsp;Carlos M. Alarcón ,&nbsp;Carlos O. Limarino","doi":"10.1016/j.jop.2025.100261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jop.2025.100261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Guandacol Formation corresponds to glacial episode 4 of the “Late Paleozoic Ice Age” in western Gondwana. It represents the final glaciation of westernmost Gondwana and the beginning of deglaciation that swept across the supercontinent throughout the rest of the Paleozoic. A succession of transitional sedimentary facies associations characterizes the eastern outcrops of the Guandacol Formation. These facies associations are interlayered with several deposits of mass-transport complexes (MTC) and present the occasional opportunity to conduct a deep-time analysis of the effect of tectonism in what is interpreted to be glacially-influenced deposits. Six sedimentary facies associations were recognized in the lower part of the Guandacol Formation. Facies association 1 (interbedded diamictites, sandstones, and mudstones) overlies MTC 1 and is interpreted as sedimentation into a marine glacially-influenced outwash fan. Facies association 2 (ponded interbedded sandstones, mudstones, and diamictites) was deposited as subaqueous underflows/turbidites and debris flows covering the irregular paleotopography of MTC 2. Facies association 3 (white medium- to coarse-grained sandstones and conglomerates) represents a small deltaic system. Facies association 4 (rhythmites with dropstones and sandstones) was deposited in a partially ponded water body resulting from the collapse and paleotopography of MTC 3. Facies association 5 (coarsening-upward cycles of mudstones and sandstones) was deposited in prodelta to delta front environments. Finally, facies association 6 (conglomerates, sandstones, and mudstones) corresponds to the subaerial deltaic platform. The evolution of depositional environments suggests three glacially-linked stages: Stage 1 — Initial retreat of the nearby ice masses (facies association 1); Stage 2 — Further retreat of glaciers and the progressive decoupling between ice masses and sea (facies associations 2 and 3); and Stage 3 — Postglacial sedimentation dominated by deltaic progradation during highstand conditions (facies associations 4 to 6). The importance of the paleogeographic context is emphasized in which the tectonism triggered recurrent events of MTC that continually modified the topography and sedimentary patterns, interrupting and complicating the stratigraphy of the interpreted glacial and postglacial sedimentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeogeography","volume":"14 3","pages":"Article 100261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Palaeogeography
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