Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100049
Bruno de Athayde Prata
Brazil plays a significant role in the global air transportation market. Despite its complex airport network, the current classification used by the Brazilian government does not incorporate multiple operational indicators. This paper aims to present a new classification for Brazilian airports by considering multivariate indicators through a data mining approach. This study introduces a comprehensive methodology for classifying airports, involving several critical steps: understanding the airports, preparing data, evaluating data, selecting features, clustering, analyzing results, classifying airports, and presenting findings. For this purpose, we collected a dataset comprising operational criteria from 517 airports from 2000 to 2024. To enhance the feature selection process, we employed a heuristic approach based on the standardized variance values of evaluated variables. The k-medoids algorithm was utilized for the clustering, considering two supply-related variables (Total ASK and Total ATK) and three demand-related variables (Total RPK, Total RTK, and Total Payload). To ensure the reliability of the results, we performed a thorough statistical evaluation using the Silhouette Index and the U-matrix. The clustering algorithm produced a classification with four categories, grouping the airports coherently based on practical characteristics. We can emphasize that the proposed methodology provides a better approach to support policy-making in the context of Brazilian aviation.
{"title":"Classification of Brazilian airports using multiple operational criteria: A data mining approach","authors":"Bruno de Athayde Prata","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brazil plays a significant role in the global air transportation market. Despite its complex airport network, the current classification used by the Brazilian government does not incorporate multiple operational indicators. This paper aims to present a new classification for Brazilian airports by considering multivariate indicators through a data mining approach. This study introduces a comprehensive methodology for classifying airports, involving several critical steps: understanding the airports, preparing data, evaluating data, selecting features, clustering, analyzing results, classifying airports, and presenting findings. For this purpose, we collected a dataset comprising operational criteria from 517 airports from 2000 to 2024. To enhance the feature selection process, we employed a heuristic approach based on the standardized variance values of evaluated variables. The <em>k</em>-medoids algorithm was utilized for the clustering, considering two supply-related variables (Total ASK and Total ATK) and three demand-related variables (Total RPK, Total RTK, and Total Payload). To ensure the reliability of the results, we performed a thorough statistical evaluation using the Silhouette Index and the U-matrix. The clustering algorithm produced a classification with four categories, grouping the airports coherently based on practical characteristics. We can emphasize that the proposed methodology provides a better approach to support policy-making in the context of Brazilian aviation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100050
Shanna Trichês Lucchesi , Douglas Zechin , Ana Margarita Larranaga , João António de Abreu e Silva , Helena Beatriz Bettella Cybis
Recent advances in machine learning allow researchers to extract urban features from imagery quickly and at scale. This study applies two semantic-segmentation algorithms (DeepLab and SegNet) to Google Street View images to derive indicators of the built environment, which are evaluated within a common Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) framework of perceived walkability. We compare models using census-based indicators (SEM-Census) with those using image-derived indicators (SEM-DeepLab; SEM-SegNet). All indicators are aggregated to the census-tract level to ensure strict comparability. We assess between-tract variance, model fit (RMSEA, CFI, TLI) and factor loadings. Results show that segmentation-based indicators capture spatial variability relevant to walkability and, overall, outperform the census-based specification; however, estimates are sensitive to the chosen algorithm, with SegNet yielding stronger measurement fit and DeepLab aligning more intuitively with built-environment constructs. These findings underscore both the potential of image-based indicators for modelling perceived walkability and the need for algorithm selection and local calibration to reflect the heterogeneity of Latin American urban environments.
{"title":"Measuring walkability using machine learning: Semantic segment algorithms for pedestrian models","authors":"Shanna Trichês Lucchesi , Douglas Zechin , Ana Margarita Larranaga , João António de Abreu e Silva , Helena Beatriz Bettella Cybis","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in machine learning allow researchers to extract urban features from imagery quickly and at scale. This study applies two semantic-segmentation algorithms (DeepLab and SegNet) to Google Street View images to derive indicators of the built environment, which are evaluated within a common Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) framework of perceived walkability. We compare models using census-based indicators (SEM-Census) with those using image-derived indicators (SEM-DeepLab; SEM-SegNet). All indicators are aggregated to the census-tract level to ensure strict comparability. We assess between-tract variance, model fit (RMSEA, CFI, TLI) and factor loadings. Results show that segmentation-based indicators capture spatial variability relevant to walkability and, overall, outperform the census-based specification; however, estimates are sensitive to the chosen algorithm, with SegNet yielding stronger measurement fit and DeepLab aligning more intuitively with built-environment constructs. These findings underscore both the potential of image-based indicators for modelling perceived walkability and the need for algorithm selection and local calibration to reflect the heterogeneity of Latin American urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100047
Gabriel Pereira Caldeira, Isabela Maciel Macedo, Cassiano Augusto Isler
Urban travel behavior evolves over time in response to events that disrupt daily life, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, research on the factors influencing the use frequency of sustainable transport modes over time remains limited. This paper investigates the factors influencing the frequency of walking, cycling, and public transport use and their correlation between periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2018–2022) in São Paulo, Brazil. A multivariate ordered Logit model is estimated, accounting for interdependencies between the frequencies of transport use. Walking and cycling have positive correlations with public transport use. Women and non-white people with lower education and income are less likely to cycle, while older people are more likely to never use active modes and public transport. Private car owners working or studying at home are less prone to use public transport and walking. The probability of public transport use and cycling decreased during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In the opposite, the probability of walking frequently increased after the pandemic. Such evidence allows for developing policies to promote sustainable transport while managing disruptions at the urban level.
{"title":"A multivariate approach to assess the factors influencing the use frequency of sustainable urban transport modes","authors":"Gabriel Pereira Caldeira, Isabela Maciel Macedo, Cassiano Augusto Isler","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban travel behavior evolves over time in response to events that disrupt daily life, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, research on the factors influencing the use frequency of sustainable transport modes over time remains limited. This paper investigates the factors influencing the frequency of walking, cycling, and public transport use and their correlation between periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2018–2022) in São Paulo, Brazil. A multivariate ordered Logit model is estimated, accounting for interdependencies between the frequencies of transport use. Walking and cycling have positive correlations with public transport use. Women and non-white people with lower education and income are less likely to cycle, while older people are more likely to never use active modes and public transport. Private car owners working or studying at home are less prone to use public transport and walking. The probability of public transport use and cycling decreased during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In the opposite, the probability of walking frequently increased after the pandemic. Such evidence allows for developing policies to promote sustainable transport while managing disruptions at the urban level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100046
Giovanni Vecchio , Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken , Luís Ángel Guzmán , Julián Arellana , Eduardo Vasconcellos , Juan Carlos Muñoz
While transport justice is increasingly a concern for academic research, the concept has less impact on planning practice. We investigate this theory-practice gap by interviewing key decision-makers from three structurally unequal Latin American metropolises. Our analysis examines the urban mobility issues they perceive, the planning strategies they develop, and the eventual gaps between the needs perceived by citizens and decision-makers. The lack of explicit ethical principles to address established mobility-related inequalities and the intention to avoid conflict with key stakeholders appear as the two main obstacles to bringing the concept of transport justice into practice.
{"title":"Practising transport justice: Theory – practice gaps in three Latin American metropolises","authors":"Giovanni Vecchio , Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken , Luís Ángel Guzmán , Julián Arellana , Eduardo Vasconcellos , Juan Carlos Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While transport justice is increasingly a concern for academic research, the concept has less impact on planning practice. We investigate this theory-practice gap by interviewing key decision-makers from three structurally unequal Latin American metropolises. Our analysis examines the urban mobility issues they perceive, the planning strategies they develop, and the eventual gaps between the needs perceived by citizens and decision-makers. The lack of explicit ethical principles to address established mobility-related inequalities and the intention to avoid conflict with key stakeholders appear as the two main obstacles to bringing the concept of transport justice into practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100045
BENSOLTANE Bassem
<div><div>This study examines the interdependent effects of transport infrastructure, ICT, FDI, and urbanization on economic growth, with particular emphasis on Latin American countries. Using a dynamic panel of 63 countries from 2000 to 2021, we estimate a system of simultaneous equations via the GMM to capture direct, indirect, and bidirectional relationships. To contextualize the findings and account for structural heterogeneity, a second econometric analysis is conducted on a subsample of 14 Latin American countries, selected to reflect the region’s specific spatial and developmental characteristics. The empirical results underscore the central role of transport infrastructure in driving growth, especially in the Latin American context, where it exerts robust and statistically significant effects on GDP per capita (0.0385, p < 0.05), FDI (2.7489, p < 0.05), ICT (1.9904, p < 0.01), and urbanization (0.3113, p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate the multidimensional function of multimodal connectivity as a platform for inclusive development and position the study as a novel empirical contribution to the field of transportation economics. Similar dynamics are observed globally, reinforcing the enabling role of transport in fostering capital mobility, digital diffusion, and spatial integration. In parallel, ICT and FDI emerge as key drivers of economic performance. ICT significantly enhances GDP and FDI in Latin America (0.3896, p < 0.01), although it is negatively associated with FDI at the global level (–1.7179, p < 0.01), suggesting distinct regional trajectories. FDI itself has a consistently positive impact on GDP per capita across both samples, with a stronger magnitude observed in Latin American countries (0.0269, p < 0.01) compared to the global average (0.0007, p < 0.01). In contrast, the effects of urbanization diverge sharply from conventional expectations: rather than contributing positively to growth and investment, urbanization in Latin American countries is associated with significant negative effects on GDP per capita (–1.7713, p < 0.01) and FDI (–10.3693, p < 0.01). This counterintuitive outcome is likely explained by persistent structural constraints, including spatial inequality, underdeveloped infrastructure, and high levels of informality, which hinder the realization of agglomeration economies. Nonetheless, urbanization remains positively linked to ICT development (0.8015, p < 0.01) and transport infrastructure (0.0601, p < 0.05), indicating a more complex and context-specific role in shaping connectivity and innovation capacity. Finally, a range of control variables, including trade openness, industrialization, government expenditure, population growth, population density, and informality, also significantly influence outcomes, underscoring the importance of structural conditions in mediating development processes. Taken together, the study provides new region-specific empirical insights
本研究考察了交通基础设施、信息通信技术、外国直接投资和城市化对经济增长的相互影响，并特别强调了拉丁美洲国家。利用2000年至2021年63个国家的动态面板，我们通过GMM估计了一个联立方程系统，以捕捉直接、间接和双向关系。为了将研究结果背景化并解释结构异质性，本文对14个拉丁美洲国家的子样本进行了第二次计量经济分析，以反映该地区具体的空间和发展特征。实证结果强调了交通基础设施在推动增长方面的核心作用，特别是在拉美地区，交通基础设施对人均GDP （0.0385, p < 0.05）、FDI （2.7489, p < 0.05）、ICT （1.9904, p < 0.01）和城市化（0.3113,p < 0.01）产生了强劲且具有统计学意义的显著影响。这些发现证明了多式联运作为包容性发展平台的多维功能，并将该研究定位为交通经济学领域的一项新的实证贡献。在全球范围内也观察到类似的动态，强化了交通在促进资本流动、数字扩散和空间整合方面的促进作用。与此同时，信息通信技术和外国直接投资成为经济绩效的关键驱动因素。ICT显著提高了拉丁美洲的GDP和FDI (0.3896, p < 0.01)，尽管它与全球水平的FDI呈负相关（-1.7179,p < 0.01），表明不同的区域轨迹。FDI本身对两个样本的人均GDP都有持续的积极影响，与全球平均水平（0.0007,p < 0.01）相比，拉丁美洲国家的影响更大（0.0269,p < 0.01）。相比之下，城市化的影响与传统预期大相径庭：拉丁美洲国家的城市化对人均GDP （-1.7713, p < 0.01）和外国直接投资（-10.3693,p < 0.01）产生了显著的负面影响，而不是对增长和投资做出积极贡献。这种反直觉的结果可能是由持续的结构性约束所解释的，包括空间不平等、基础设施欠发达和高度的非正式性，这些都阻碍了集聚经济的实现。尽管如此，城市化仍与ICT发展（0.8015,p < 0.01）和交通基础设施（0.0601,p < 0.05）呈正相关，这表明城市化在塑造连通性和创新能力方面的作用更为复杂，也更为具体。最后，一系列控制变量，包括贸易开放、工业化、政府支出、人口增长、人口密度和非正式性，也对结果产生重大影响，强调了结构条件在调节发展进程中的重要性。总而言之，该研究提供了新的区域具体经验见解，为旨在促进拉丁美洲国家包容性和可持续增长的综合基础设施和数字化转型战略提供信息。
{"title":"Economic growth and the dynamic interplay of transport, ICT, FDI, and urbanization: Global evidence and implications for Latin America","authors":"BENSOLTANE Bassem","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the interdependent effects of transport infrastructure, ICT, FDI, and urbanization on economic growth, with particular emphasis on Latin American countries. Using a dynamic panel of 63 countries from 2000 to 2021, we estimate a system of simultaneous equations via the GMM to capture direct, indirect, and bidirectional relationships. To contextualize the findings and account for structural heterogeneity, a second econometric analysis is conducted on a subsample of 14 Latin American countries, selected to reflect the region’s specific spatial and developmental characteristics. The empirical results underscore the central role of transport infrastructure in driving growth, especially in the Latin American context, where it exerts robust and statistically significant effects on GDP per capita (0.0385, p < 0.05), FDI (2.7489, p < 0.05), ICT (1.9904, p < 0.01), and urbanization (0.3113, p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate the multidimensional function of multimodal connectivity as a platform for inclusive development and position the study as a novel empirical contribution to the field of transportation economics. Similar dynamics are observed globally, reinforcing the enabling role of transport in fostering capital mobility, digital diffusion, and spatial integration. In parallel, ICT and FDI emerge as key drivers of economic performance. ICT significantly enhances GDP and FDI in Latin America (0.3896, p < 0.01), although it is negatively associated with FDI at the global level (–1.7179, p < 0.01), suggesting distinct regional trajectories. FDI itself has a consistently positive impact on GDP per capita across both samples, with a stronger magnitude observed in Latin American countries (0.0269, p < 0.01) compared to the global average (0.0007, p < 0.01). In contrast, the effects of urbanization diverge sharply from conventional expectations: rather than contributing positively to growth and investment, urbanization in Latin American countries is associated with significant negative effects on GDP per capita (–1.7713, p < 0.01) and FDI (–10.3693, p < 0.01). This counterintuitive outcome is likely explained by persistent structural constraints, including spatial inequality, underdeveloped infrastructure, and high levels of informality, which hinder the realization of agglomeration economies. Nonetheless, urbanization remains positively linked to ICT development (0.8015, p < 0.01) and transport infrastructure (0.0601, p < 0.05), indicating a more complex and context-specific role in shaping connectivity and innovation capacity. Finally, a range of control variables, including trade openness, industrialization, government expenditure, population growth, population density, and informality, also significantly influence outcomes, underscoring the importance of structural conditions in mediating development processes. Taken together, the study provides new region-specific empirical insights ","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100044
John Jairo Posada-Henao , Carlos A. Gonzalez-Calderon , Maria C. Valencia-Cardenas , Mario A. Peñaranda-Márquez
As a crucial component of the transportation outlook, costs associated with road freight transportation are essential to economic competitiveness. The importance of this topic in developing countries relies on the vital role that trucking plays in the supply chain and its incidence in planning, policy, and regulatory decision-making.
Using data gathered by the Colombian Department of Transportation (CDOT) and its information systems, this paper presents a methodology to analyze the influence of topography, trip length distribution, travel time, and road tolls on intercity trucking costs. The authors employ the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to estimate the influence of variables on different Origin-Destination (O-D) pairs in Colombia. The results of this study suggest that topography plays a vital role in estimating truck operating costs. Other factors, such as truck configuration, distance, travel time, loads, and input prices, affect the trucking cost. In different vehicle configurations, the toll cost significantly impacted the total trucking cost of the route. This study aims to contribute to the search for government initiatives that enhance the economic growth and sustainability of the trucking industry, considering and predicting costs that impact the supply chain and the final market price of goods.
{"title":"Modeling intercity trucking costs: Empirical findings from Colombia","authors":"John Jairo Posada-Henao , Carlos A. Gonzalez-Calderon , Maria C. Valencia-Cardenas , Mario A. Peñaranda-Márquez","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a crucial component of the transportation outlook, costs associated with road freight transportation are essential to economic competitiveness. The importance of this topic in developing countries relies on the vital role that trucking plays in the supply chain and its incidence in planning, policy, and regulatory decision-making.</div><div>Using data gathered by the Colombian Department of Transportation (CDOT) and its information systems, this paper presents a methodology to analyze the influence of topography, trip length distribution, travel time, and road tolls on intercity trucking costs. The authors employ the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to estimate the influence of variables on different Origin-Destination (O-D) pairs in Colombia. The results of this study suggest that topography plays a vital role in estimating truck operating costs. Other factors, such as truck configuration, distance, travel time, loads, and input prices, affect the trucking cost. In different vehicle configurations, the toll cost significantly impacted the total trucking cost of the route. This study aims to contribute to the search for government initiatives that enhance the economic growth and sustainability of the trucking industry, considering and predicting costs that impact the supply chain and the final market price of goods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100043
Víctor Allendes , Juan Antonio Carrasco , Eric J. Miller , James Vaughan
Urban transport policies in the Global South mostly use traditional trip-based models to replicate and predict individuals' travel in different urban contexts. Given their aggregate nature, they are limited when applied at a more disaggregated scale, contrasting with activity-based models, especially microsimulation-based models, which have been used mainly in the Global North, with few applications in Latin America. In addition, there is a critical need to add empirical evidence to understand the models' temporal transferability, which involves their capability to predict future travel behavior based on estimations with data collected in the present. This paper reports on the replicability and temporal transferability of an activity-based model in Chile. The objective is to understand the challenges of applying these models in these contexts for policy usefulness. The applicability of the model TASHA (Travel Activity Scheduler Household Agent) is studied in two stages: replication and prediction of activities and trips for a base year and temporal transferability of previously estimated parameters to a future year. The model uses trip-based information from conventional travel surveys in a mid-size Chilean city. The exercise provides valuable proof of the principle of several arguments about the advantages of activity-based models such as TASHA. First, the study shows the model's ability to capture current and future behaviour despite data and context limitations. Second, the model supports the analysis of activities in addition to trips, providing a more in-depth assessment of travel behaviour. Finally, and more importantly, the focus on activities, such as end times, brings the opportunity to incorporate a broader range of policies than those traditionally studied in transport.
{"title":"Temporal transferability of a microsimulation activity-based model: An application in Chile","authors":"Víctor Allendes , Juan Antonio Carrasco , Eric J. Miller , James Vaughan","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban transport policies in the Global South mostly use traditional trip-based models to replicate and predict individuals' travel in different urban contexts. Given their aggregate nature, they are limited when applied at a more disaggregated scale, contrasting with activity-based models, especially microsimulation-based models, which have been used mainly in the Global North, with few applications in Latin America. In addition, there is a critical need to add empirical evidence to understand the models' temporal transferability, which involves their capability to predict future travel behavior based on estimations with data collected in the present. This paper reports on the replicability and temporal transferability of an activity-based model in Chile. The objective is to understand the challenges of applying these models in these contexts for policy usefulness. The applicability of the model TASHA (Travel Activity Scheduler Household Agent) is studied in two stages: replication and prediction of activities and trips for a base year and temporal transferability of previously estimated parameters to a future year. The model uses trip-based information from conventional travel surveys in a mid-size Chilean city. The exercise provides valuable proof of the principle of several arguments about the advantages of activity-based models such as TASHA. First, the study shows the model's ability to capture current and future behaviour despite data and context limitations. Second, the model supports the analysis of activities in addition to trips, providing a more in-depth assessment of travel behaviour. Finally, and more importantly, the focus on activities, such as end times, brings the opportunity to incorporate a broader range of policies than those traditionally studied in transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100041
Erison Rosa de Oliveira Barros , Mauricio Oliveira de Andrade , Carlos Fabricio Assunção da Silva
The study's objective is to conduct a spatial analysis of the relationship between changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in areas susceptible to irregular settlements along the right-of-way of the federal highway, BR-104 PE, located in the Northeast region of Brazil. By integrating MapBiomas data and the Social Vulnerability Index by IPEA from 2000 to 2010 and 2010–2018, the analysis predicts changes in high-risk zones for irregular occupations. The study examines spatial landscape modifications across different LULC classes using a tool to identify how land categories shift over time within QGIS’s Molusce module. Despite the topic’s urgency, academic assessments of such processes remain limited, reinforcing the need for further methodological innovation. Findings indicate that densely populated areas associated with housing deficits are more likely to experience an increase in informal settlements. Specifically, transforming urban and rural areas into irregular occupations along BR-104 right-of-way correlates with intensified human activity, elevated Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) scores, and the associated socioeconomic factors. Over ten years (2000–2010), the region lost about 35.64 km² of agricultural land while experiencing nearly 16.60 km² of irregular urban expansion. These shifts underscore the urgency of integrated land-use planning and targeted social policies to prevent the expansion of informal settlements in this context.
{"title":"Spatial analysis of land use and land cover change and irregular settlements along BR-104, in Northeast Brazil","authors":"Erison Rosa de Oliveira Barros , Mauricio Oliveira de Andrade , Carlos Fabricio Assunção da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study's objective is to conduct a spatial analysis of the relationship between changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in areas susceptible to irregular settlements along the right-of-way of the federal highway, BR-104 PE, located in the Northeast region of Brazil. By integrating MapBiomas data and the Social Vulnerability Index by IPEA from 2000 to 2010 and 2010–2018, the analysis predicts changes in high-risk zones for irregular occupations. The study examines spatial landscape modifications across different LULC classes using a tool to identify how land categories shift over time within QGIS’s Molusce module. Despite the topic’s urgency, academic assessments of such processes remain limited, reinforcing the need for further methodological innovation. Findings indicate that densely populated areas associated with housing deficits are more likely to experience an increase in informal settlements. Specifically, transforming urban and rural areas into irregular occupations along BR-104 right-of-way correlates with intensified human activity, elevated Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) scores, and the associated socioeconomic factors. Over ten years (2000–2010), the region lost about 35.64 km² of agricultural land while experiencing nearly 16.60 km² of irregular urban expansion. These shifts underscore the urgency of integrated land-use planning and targeted social policies to prevent the expansion of informal settlements in this context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100040
Ana Margarita Larrañaga , Juan de Dios Ortúzar , Daniel Oviedo , Alejandro Ruiz-Padillo
The expansion of urban areas in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has been marked by spatial fragmentation, unequal infrastructure provision, and accessibility gaps. In this context, active mobility - such as walking and cycling - has emerged as a key strategy to promote more sustainable, inclusive, and efficient urban environments. However, despite growing interest, significant gaps remain in the research agenda for active mobility in LAC. This paper identifies research priorities for advancing active mobility in the region, based on discussions from a workshop organized by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) during the XXII Pan-American Congress of Transportation and Logistics (PANAM 2023) in Guayaquil, Ecuador. The results highlight the need for further research on the social, economic, and environmental impacts of active mobility, including its relationship with health, safety, and transport equity. Additionally, opportunities for integrating active mobility with public transport and applying advanced data analytics to understand travel behavior were identified as key areas for exploration. By addressing these research gaps, this agenda aims to strengthen evidence-based policymaking and enhance the role of active mobility in sustainable urban development across LAC. Advancing this knowledge will not only contribute to reducing emissions and improving health outcomes but also support a transition toward more equitable and efficient transport systems in the region.
{"title":"Active mobility, equity and inclusion","authors":"Ana Margarita Larrañaga , Juan de Dios Ortúzar , Daniel Oviedo , Alejandro Ruiz-Padillo","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The expansion of urban areas in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has been marked by spatial fragmentation, unequal infrastructure provision, and accessibility gaps. In this context, active mobility - such as walking and cycling - has emerged as a key strategy to promote more sustainable, inclusive, and efficient urban environments. However, despite growing interest, significant gaps remain in the research agenda for active mobility in LAC. This paper identifies research priorities for advancing active mobility in the region, based on discussions from a workshop organized by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) during the <em>XXII Pan-American Congress of Transportation and Logistics</em> (PANAM 2023) in Guayaquil, Ecuador. The results highlight the need for further research on the social, economic, and environmental impacts of active mobility, including its relationship with health, safety, and transport equity. Additionally, opportunities for integrating active mobility with public transport and applying advanced data analytics to understand travel behavior were identified as key areas for exploration. By addressing these research gaps, this agenda aims to strengthen evidence-based policymaking and enhance the role of active mobility in sustainable urban development across LAC. Advancing this knowledge will not only contribute to reducing emissions and improving health outcomes but also support a transition toward more equitable and efficient transport systems in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1016/j.latran.2025.100039
Daniel Rodriguez-Roman , Misael Moctezuma Rivera , Elian Brevan Villanueva , Nayda G. Santiago , Héctor J. Carlo , Alberto M. Figueroa-Medina , Celimar Deida Villafañe
This paper describes the pilot test of a Parking Allocation and Ride-Sharing (PARS) system at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez. PARS is a novel travel demand management strategy that integrates carpooling and parking management to address parking and mobility problems. The main components of the pilot were a mobile application for submitting parking and ride requests; cloud-based algorithms for ride matching, implementing a space reservation model, and verifying passenger occupancy in carpool vehicles; and internet-of-things devices for controlling access to a 20-space parking area. Surveys were conducted before and after the test to explore attitudes toward carpooling and evaluate participants' experiences. The pre-test survey focused on participants’ comfort levels with giving rides or being passengers in a university-coordinated carpooling program. Responses were analyzed using ordered logistic regression and structural equation modeling to examine how demographic characteristics relate to stated comfort with carpooling.
In the pre-test survey, 30–40 % of respondents agreed with statements indicating that they would be comfortable being carpool drivers in a university coordinated carpooling program, but fewer (26–33 %) agreed they would be comfortable being carpool passengers. The model estimation results suggest that there are differences in attitudes toward carpooling depending on the person’s gender, age, travel time, role in the university, and whether they are drivers. The pilot test demonstrated that the PARS technologies are an effective strategy for parking management and carpool coordination. Although female survey respondents were more likely to indicate that they were uncomfortable with carpooling – and particularly with having opposite-gender carpooling partners – they were not underrepresented among PARS users. On average, the system received 15.3 (±5.2) parking requests and 2.4 (±1.4) ride requests per day. The post-test survey analysis found that 82 % of PARS users had a positive experience. Two key lessons from the test were that marketing for new carpooling-based services requires considerable planning and resources and that mistrust of strangers is a major barrier to carpooling programs, even in universities.
{"title":"Integrated carpooling and parking system to improve mobility: Case study at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez","authors":"Daniel Rodriguez-Roman , Misael Moctezuma Rivera , Elian Brevan Villanueva , Nayda G. Santiago , Héctor J. Carlo , Alberto M. Figueroa-Medina , Celimar Deida Villafañe","doi":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.latran.2025.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes the pilot test of a Parking Allocation and Ride-Sharing (PARS) system at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez. PARS is a novel travel demand management strategy that integrates carpooling and parking management to address parking and mobility problems. The main components of the pilot were a mobile application for submitting parking and ride requests; cloud-based algorithms for ride matching, implementing a space reservation model, and verifying passenger occupancy in carpool vehicles; and internet-of-things devices for controlling access to a 20-space parking area. Surveys were conducted before and after the test to explore attitudes toward carpooling and evaluate participants' experiences. The pre-test survey focused on participants’ comfort levels with giving rides or being passengers in a university-coordinated carpooling program. Responses were analyzed using ordered logistic regression and structural equation modeling to examine how demographic characteristics relate to stated comfort with carpooling.</div><div>In the pre-test survey, 30–40 % of respondents agreed with statements indicating that they would be comfortable being carpool drivers in a university coordinated carpooling program, but fewer (26–33 %) agreed they would be comfortable being carpool passengers. The model estimation results suggest that there are differences in attitudes toward carpooling depending on the person’s gender, age, travel time, role in the university, and whether they are drivers. The pilot test demonstrated that the PARS technologies are an effective strategy for parking management and carpool coordination. Although female survey respondents were more likely to indicate that they were uncomfortable with carpooling – and particularly with having opposite-gender carpooling partners – they were not underrepresented among PARS users. On average, the system received 15.3 (±5.2) parking requests and 2.4 (±1.4) ride requests per day. The post-test survey analysis found that 82 % of PARS users had a positive experience. Two key lessons from the test were that marketing for new carpooling-based services requires considerable planning and resources and that mistrust of strangers is a major barrier to carpooling programs, even in universities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100868,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Transport Studies","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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