This paper shows how mathematical programming can be used to plan a system of schools in a city, or a section of it, referring to both location and timing.
This paper shows how mathematical programming can be used to plan a system of schools in a city, or a section of it, referring to both location and timing.
Graph theory is used in order to obtain hierarchical structures of interregional and intraregional flows.
For the planning of ever-intensifying urban transport, the use of up-to-date mathematical tools and the formulation of economic efficiency aspects of decisions between alternatives becomes imperative. This study presents a selection of mathematical and econometric tools for every step of the planning, demonstrating the convenience of stochastic models, in view of the random character of urban public transport. Extended models of network theory, based on graph theory, are applied, the synthesis of partial optima being reached via dynamic programming. Examples are given, related to the planning of a new residential estate.
The Hitchcock-Koopmans transportation is linked to the gravity ‘model’ of regional analysis with the aid of two new analytical results. Eighty transportation problems are generated by Monte Carlo methods and solved by linear programming. The transportation cost minimizing flows are compared with the flows generated by gravity methods in least squares regressions and in other non-parametric tests. Flows generated by gravity methods are indicated to be relatively poor proxies for those generated in a transportation cost minimizing system.
This is the second article1 in this periodical to deal with an attraction analysis. Whereas the previous analysis was based on a cross-section through a (limited) number of regions, the analysis presented in this article rests on opinions collected by means of an inquiry on techno-economic relations within and with respect to one region only, viz. the Asturias. We must add that our analysis is essentially a static one. The attraction table2 we have composed proves that the attractivity of the Asturian industrial structure is not very great, but that some sectors are clearly more of a stimulus for new activities in the region than others. At the end of our article it will be shown that such stimulating capacity, or degree of propulsivity, is only one out of many selection criteria on which the promotion of existing and additional activities should be based.
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