Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80082-1
J.J. Ward, M.A. Hussey
{"title":"Estimated thermodynamic functions of free radicals in combustion gases","authors":"J.J. Ward, M.A. Hussey","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80082-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80082-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 599-610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80082-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"99505866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80061-4
E. Mertens, L. Hellinckx
{"title":"Mechanism of carbon combustion","authors":"E. Mertens, L. Hellinckx","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80061-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80061-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 474-475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80061-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"99884187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80027-4
G.W. Culshaw, J.E. Garside
{"title":"A study of burning velocity","authors":"G.W. Culshaw, J.E. Garside","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80027-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80027-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 204-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80027-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"94496138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80067-5
George A. Hornbeck
{"title":"Radiation studies on a closed combustion chamber","authors":"George A. Hornbeck","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80067-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80067-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 501-504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80067-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"108200100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80042-0
Clyde C. Swett Jr.
{"title":"Effect of gas stream parameters on the energy and power dissipated in a spark and on ignition","authors":"Clyde C. Swett Jr.","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80042-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80042-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 353-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80042-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"103694148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80083-3
R. Edse
{"title":"The energy of dissociation of OH","authors":"R. Edse","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80083-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80083-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 611-617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80083-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"111729121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80019-5
J.J. Broeze
{"title":"Theories and phenomena of flame propagation","authors":"J.J. Broeze","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80019-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80019-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80019-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"110651640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80044-4
M.V. Blanc , P.G. Guest , Guenther von Elbe , Bernard Lewis
Minimum ignition energies have been determined for various mixtures of paraffin hydrocarbons from ethane to heptane (excluding pentane) with oxygen-nitrogen atmospheres from air to 100 percent oxygen and for cyclopropane, diethyl-ether, cyclohexane and benzene in oxygennitrogen atmospheres. Values in oxygen-helium atmosphere have been determined for diethylether. In the homologous series of paraffins the minimum energies shift toward the rich side with increasing number of carbon atoms. In this respect the effect of molecular structure for the same number of carbon atmos is small. The smallest minimum energy for ignition (minima of the curves) is practically identical for all the compounds studied.
{"title":"Ignition of explosive gas mixtures by electric sparks","authors":"M.V. Blanc , P.G. Guest , Guenther von Elbe , Bernard Lewis","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80044-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80044-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Minimum ignition energies have been determined for various mixtures of paraffin hydrocarbons from ethane to heptane (excluding pentane) with oxygen-nitrogen atmospheres from air to 100 percent oxygen and for cyclopropane, diethyl-ether, cyclohexane and benzene in oxygennitrogen atmospheres. Values in oxygen-helium atmosphere have been determined for diethylether. In the homologous series of paraffins the minimum energies shift toward the rich side with increasing number of carbon atoms. In this respect the effect of molecular structure for the same number of carbon atmos is small. The smallest minimum energy for ignition (minima of the curves) is practically identical for all the compounds studied.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 363-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80044-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"110890182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80037-7
W.C.F. Shepherd
A study has been made of the igniting power of the pressure effects set up when a body of compressed air is suddenly released into an inflammable gas mixture by the rupture of an intervening diaphragm. A general description of the pressure effects has been given, their characteristic properties being linked with the bursting pressure of the diaphragm.
The most important result is that ignition ofstrong methane-oxygen and ethylene-oxygen mixtures is directly caused by the pressure effects from diaphragms bursting at very low pressures. The diaphragms may be made of copper, cellophane or paper. The ignition process has been studied photographically and there is no measurable lag when ignition takes place under these conditions. Flame develops in the front of the main disturbance, leading in general to detonation.
Ignition of weak mixtures is obtained at some-what higher pressures, but flame does not always become established, though the cause of this failure may lie in the experimental method. A 9.5 per cent methane-air mixture is weakly ignited but without the flame ever becoming established; the corresponding methane-oxygen mixture is ignited much more vigorously and flame spreads further from the diaphragm, but not throughout the column of mixture in the explosion chamber. Closing the end of the explosion chamber leads to the explosion of some mixtures not ignited directly by the pressure effects; the ignition is now mainly caused by simple adiabatic compression.
The experimental work is unfinished and many points require further investigation before the process of ignition is fully understood. That ignition can be caused by shock waves of quite low intensity has, however, been clearly established.
The author is grateful to the Ministry of Fuel and Power (London) for permission to publish this account of work carried out at their Buxton Research Station.
{"title":"The Ignition of gas mixtures by impulsive pressures","authors":"W.C.F. Shepherd","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80037-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80037-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A study has been made of the igniting power of the pressure effects set up when a body of compressed air is suddenly released into an inflammable gas mixture by the rupture of an intervening diaphragm. A general description of the pressure effects has been given, their characteristic properties being linked with the bursting pressure of the diaphragm.</p><p>The most important result is that ignition ofstrong methane-oxygen and ethylene-oxygen mixtures is directly caused by the pressure effects from diaphragms bursting at very low pressures. The diaphragms may be made of copper, cellophane or paper. The ignition process has been studied photographically and there is no measurable lag when ignition takes place under these conditions. Flame develops in the front of the main disturbance, leading in general to detonation.</p><p>Ignition of weak mixtures is obtained at some-what higher pressures, but flame does not always become established, though the cause of this failure may lie in the experimental method. A 9.5 per cent methane-air mixture is weakly ignited but without the flame ever becoming established; the corresponding methane-oxygen mixture is ignited much more vigorously and flame spreads further from the diaphragm, but not throughout the column of mixture in the explosion chamber. Closing the end of the explosion chamber leads to the explosion of some mixtures not ignited directly by the pressure effects; the ignition is now mainly caused by simple adiabatic compression.</p><p>The experimental work is unfinished and many points require further investigation before the process of ignition is fully understood. That ignition can be caused by shock waves of quite low intensity has, however, been clearly established.</p><p>The author is grateful to the Ministry of Fuel and Power (London) for permission to publish this account of work carried out at their Buxton Research Station.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 301-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80037-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"93888439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1948-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80100-0
Theodore Male
{"title":"Photographs at 500,000 frames per second of combustion and detonation in a reciprocating engine","authors":"Theodore Male","doi":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80100-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80100-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101204,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 721-726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1948-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1062-2896(49)80100-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"93974265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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