UMK Procedia最新文献

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Welcoming Speech by the Chairman of FAMA FAMA主席致欢迎辞

UMK Procedia

Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.umkpro.2014.07.001

Raja Suzana Raja Kasim Professor Dr.

引用次数: 0

Managing Water Pollution to Revitalise the Shrimp Supply Chain in Tam Giang Cau Hai Lagoon, Vietnam 管理水污染以振兴越南潭江曹海潟湖的虾类供应链

UMK Procedia

Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.umkpro.2014.07.007

Hieu Truong , Michael Lyne , Keith Woodford

The area of shrimps farmed in the Tam Giang Cau Hai Lagoon expanded dramatically from 1995 to 2004, but then declined steadily. An exploratory investigation of the shrimp supply chain conducted in 2009 revealed that well- established relational contracts between shrimp farmers and wholesalers had succumbed to environmental risk following persistent and widespread outbreaks of disease in the Lagoon. These outbreaks have been attributed to water pollution, which - in turn - has been linked to the rapid expansion and intensification of shrimp production. While privatisation of the lagoon bed encouraged farmers to adopt more intensive production methods, over- intensification can be attributed to the open access nature of lagoon water, which allows farmers to externalise the cost of their water pollution. This study evaluates a range of pollution abatement instruments against well-known criteria and concludes that transferable quotas for shrimp seed would be the most effective policy instrument given prevailing social, institutional, organisational and political conditions. Even so, the introduction and administration of seed quotas pose major challenges that would require co-management with local user groups.

从1995年到2004年，潭江漕海泻湖养殖虾的面积急剧扩大，但随后稳步下降。2009年对虾类供应链进行的一项探索性调查显示，在泻湖持续和广泛爆发疾病之后，虾农和批发商之间建立良好的关系合同已受到环境风险的影响。这些暴发归因于水污染，而水污染又与虾类生产的迅速扩大和集约化有关。虽然泻湖床的私有化鼓励农民采用更集约化的生产方法，但过度集约化可归因于泻湖水的开放性质，这使农民能够将水污染的成本外部化。这项研究根据众所周知的标准评价了一系列减少污染的工具，并得出结论认为，鉴于目前的社会、体制、组织和政治条件，虾种的可转让配额将是最有效的政策工具。即便如此，种子配额的引入和管理仍构成重大挑战，需要与当地用户群体共同管理。

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引用次数: 3

The Importance of Intellectual Property for SMEs; Challenges and Moving Forward 知识产权对中小企业的重要性挑战与前进

UMK Procedia

Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.umkpro.2014.07.010

Sati-Salmah Sukarmijan, Olivia De Vega Sapong

Intellectual property (IP) and its value often not adequately appreciated. In the increasingly knowledge-driven economy, IP is a key consideration in day-to-day business decisions. New products, brands and creative designs appear almost daily on the market and are the result of continuous human innovation and creativity. Therefore, this paper will look into the importance of IP for Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and product development specifically on agro-based products. This paper further demonstrates how IP can become an economic tool and the challenges faced by SMEs in implementing IP system. In addition, this paper offers useful insights to policy makers and SMEs in utilizing IP by drawing lessons from other countries.

知识产权及其价值往往没有得到充分的认识。在日益增长的知识驱动型经济中，知识产权是日常业务决策的关键考虑因素。市场上几乎每天都有新产品、新品牌和新设计出现，它们都是人类不断创新和创造的结果。因此，本文将探讨知识产权对中小企业(sme)和产品开发的重要性，特别是农基产品。本文进一步阐述了知识产权如何成为一种经济工具，以及中小企业在实施知识产权制度时所面临的挑战。此外，本文还通过借鉴其他国家的经验教训，为政策制定者和中小企业利用知识产权提供了有益的见解。

引用次数: 37

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