Archivos de prevencion de riesgos laborales最新文献

An interview with Beatriz Talavera-Velasco.

Interview with Laura Costas.

Introduction: To examine the relationship between the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to assess and monitor job performance and exposure to psychosocial risk factors, as well as associated adverse health effects in the European work environment.

Method: Cross-sectional study using microdata from the 2022 "Occupational Safety and Health in Post-Pandemic Workplaces (Flash Eurobarometer)" survey (EU-OSHA) with 27252 participants. After selecting 12 dichotomous dependent variables (psychosocial risks and adverse health effects) and the presence of AI and its various uses to supervise and evaluate workers performance as independent variables, we calculated the crude and adjusted (aOR) odds ratios by sociodemographic covariates and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results: When AI is used to monitor or control individual performance, it increases time pressure and work overload (ORa=1.5;95%CI:1.3-1.7), reduces autonomy or influence over work processes (ORa=2.2;95%CI:2.1-2.3), and erodes communication or cooperation within the organization (ORa=1.5;95%CI:1.4-1.6). It also increases the probability of reporting stress, depression or anxiety (ORa=1.5; 95%CI:1.4-1.5) and accidents or injuries (ORa=1.7; 95%CI:1.6-1.8).

Conclusions: AI as a "digital supervisor" increases exposure to psychosocial risk factors and the likelihood of health damage. This highlights the importance of considering worker well-being along with economic efficiency when implementing AI in work organizations. These results can guide labor policies to balance process optimization with healthy work environments through social dialogue.

Dystonia is a motor disorder that causes involuntary contractions of muscles through repeated movements. Wind and string players are particularly vulnerable to this disease, with orofacial and dominant upper limb involvement. Its origin is multifactorial, with ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational risks standing out as occupational risks. The Spanish legislation does not include musician's dystonia in the list of occupational diseases. The determination of contingency is complex in order to establish the principles of causality and temporality required by the Mutual Social Security Collaborators and by the National Institute of Social Security. The process frequently ends up in the Courts of Justice. Scientific evidence and jurisprudential doctrine provide documentary support that facilitates decision-making and opens the door to the future incorporation of musicians' dystonia into the list of occupational diseases in our country.

Introduction: Occupational health and safety is affected by various internal and external factors, most importantly the human factor. The objective of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire to measure the level of worker participation in occupational health and safety management systems.

Method: To design the questionnaire, Peruvian regulations and recommendations from international institutions, among others, were consulted. The qualitative validation was based on expert judgment, using the content validity coefficient (CVC). For quantitative validation, we conducted a reliability analysis using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, correlation analysis of the questions, and construct validity analysis using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

Results: We designed a 25-item questionnaire with a CVC of 0.94. The quantitative validation was performed at the Industrial Engineering College of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, resulting in the elimination of 5 questions based on results of the reliability, construct and exploratory factor analyses. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the remaining 20 questions had factor loadings greater than 0.50, and a repeat reliability analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0.949.

Conclusions: This validated questionnaire will allow the determination of the degree of participation in occupational safety and health in companies, as well as the ability to assess needs and impact of implemented improvements.