Archivos de prevencion de riesgos laborales最新文献

The WHO and the Spanish Pediatric Association (AEP) recommend an early start of breastfeeding and its maintenance as long as possible. The benefit about risk during breastfeeding is initiated in Spanish legislation by a Ley Orgánica 3/2007 22 th of March and achieves regulatory development through a Real Decreto 295/2009 6th of March. CENDOJ Centro de Documentación Judicial is used for search keywords: Benefit related to risk during breastfeeding. Only 10 results are obtained, of which 5 are excluded because they do not concur to the search criteria. Most of the court's ruling are supporting the demands of the workers and it is remarkable an assessment of specific workplaces during breastfeeding. There is a discrepancy between WHO/AEP advice and the current Spanish labor legislation.

Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the risk associated with lifting loads in a small Colombian construction company, combining quantitative analysis of biomechanical factors and qualitative analysis of workers' perceptions and coping strategies.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with a mixed methods approach, both quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative phase consisted of an assessment of 8 common tasks in construction using the NIOSH and OWAS methods, breaking down each task into phases and considering the lifting of the load to estimate the most demanding posture and calculate the risk category. The qualitative phase included in-depth interviews with 9 workers (8 men, 1 woman) regarding risk perception and coping strategies, and thematic content analysis was performed.

Results: 62.5% of the evaluated tasks presented high to moderate risk levels of musculoskeletal injury, with shoveling and lifting cement bags being the highest risk tasks. The interviews revealed risk normalization, influence of sociocultural factors (machismo culture, competitiveness) and economic factors (job insecurity) on risk perception and management. Concomitant factors for analysis were identified, such as low work experience, the role of women in the sector, and the migratory status of workers.  Conclusions: The risk associated with lifting loads in construction transcends biomechanical aspects. Socioeconomic, psychosocial, gender, and cultural factors, among others, significantly affect how risk is faced. An integrative model was generated for risk analysis in this population and similar ones.

Pneumoconioses are occupational lung diseases associated with the inhalation of inorganic dusts, with varying prevalence worldwide, especially in industries with inadequate regulations. Despite improvements in developed countries, pneumoconiosis incidence remains and is increasing in emerging sectors like artificial stone production and handling. These diseases pose a significant global public health risk, especially in regions with limited workplace controls. We propose an International Pneumoconiosis Observatory to monitor prevalence and incidence, assess preventive measures, and coordinate international regulations. This entity would enable preventive strategy development, knowledge exchange, and rapid responses to new exposure risks. A coordinated global effort is essential to curbing pneumoconiosis cases and protecting vulnerable workers.

Objective: To facilitate the identification of especially sensitive workers (ESWs) to occupational risks and the prioritization of initial and periodic health examinations for workers in healthcare facilities.

Method: A cross-sectional study conducted on healthcare professionals from eleven primary care teams and one hospital center of the Gerència de Terres de l'Ebre of the Institut Català de la Salut. A labor health questionnaire was used, which included variables defining the vulnerabilities of especially sensitive workers (ESWs), along with basic blood test and serologies adapted to the risks of the healthcare environment. In the first phase, this methodology was applied to newly hired workers during the pandemic period (2020-2022), and in the second phase, it was expanded to include all ESWs registered from 2013 to 2023.

Results: Ten ESWs were identified in the first phase and 598 ESWs in the second phase. The most frequent associated vulnerability group was pregnancy/breastfeeding (n=271; 45.3%), followed by musculoskeletal (n=145; 24.3%), allergies (n=55; 9.2%), mental health (n=38; 6.4%), immunological (n=33; 5.5%), other vulnerabilities (n=32; 5.4%), and sensory disabilities (n=24; 4.0%). In both phases of our study, 100% of the defining variables for ESWs could be identified using this method.

Conclusions: The implementation of a labor health questionnaire, complemented with blood test and serologies, is a useful tool for facilitating the initial identification of ESWs, prioritizing health examinations for newly hired ESWs, and improving occupational monitoring for the remaining workers.

Interview with Rita Louzán.

Correspondencia · Corresponding Author Carolina Climent Sanz E-mail: carol.climent@udl.cat Abstract Purpose: Fibromyalgia symptoms can significantly limit a person's ability to function and participate in daily activities, such as work. Exploring patients' perceptions of the impact of fibromyalgia symptoms on functionality can provide valuable insight into their coping strategies and needs to remain active. This study aims to describe the strategies and adaptations women with fibromyalgia use to carry out basic, instrumental, and advanced activities of daily living. Methods: Qualitative study based on personal interviews with 25 women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. A thematic analysis was conducted following the classification of activities of daily living into basic (movement and moving around, personal hygiene and getting dressed), instrumental (cleaning, housekeeping, and shopping), and advanced (work).  Results: Due to the functional impact of symptoms in all activities of daily living, women with fibromyalgia introduced different compensatory strategies, support products, and modifications in the environment or task to increase their level of occupational competence. Introducing adaptations in the public space is a challenge, and work is a source of distress, either because it has disappeared or because of the effort to carry it out satisfactorily. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals caring for women with fibromyalgia should recognize the impact of fibromyalgia on patients' functionality and employ strategies to improve their adaptation, as well as facilitate the assessment of sick leave.

Introducción: Las consecuencias de los errores en medicina se extienden más allá del paciente afectado, impactando también en los profesionales involucrados y las instituciones donde se producen. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los incidentes relacionados con la seguridad del paciente en médicos internos residentes (MIR), las repercusiones sobre su salud como segundas víctimas, el apoyo recibido, y posibles factores asociados. Método: Estudio transversal mediante una encuesta en línea distribuida en enero de 2023 a todos los MIR de dos hospitales de Zaragoza, a través de sus comisiones de docencia. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial mediante pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas. Resultados: Los 43 (10,2%) residentes que participaron presentaron al menos un incidente relacionado con la seguridad del paciente. Un 9,3% presentó más de un evento adverso, siendo superior en residentes de últimos años (p=0,01). Los síntomas y manifestaciones más frecuentes como segunda víctima fueron ansiedad, dudas ante decisiones clínicas, hipervigilancia, cansancio y culpa. La probabilidad percibida de recibir apoyo tras un error clínico fue superior en los MIR de especialidades médicas que de las quirúrgicas (p=0,002), y un 20,9% constató no haber recibido ningún apoyo tras un error clínico. Conclusiones: Los errores clínicos son una preocupación para los médicos en formación y requieren acciones en varios niveles. Esto implica mejorar la formación en seguridad del paciente y gestión de errores, así como establecer planes de apoyo entre pares y especializado para los profesionales involucrados, donde los servicios de Salud Laboral deben tener un papel relevante.