Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100119
Te Faye Yap, Zhen Liu, Anoop Rajappan, Trevor J. Shimokusu, Daniel J. Preston
In engineering, inspiration can come from any number of sources—sometimes it’s something apparent, and other times it can sneak up like a spider hunting its prey. For Daniel Preston and co-workers, this metaphor was surprisingly literal: arachnid squatters in their lab inspired their work on “necrobotics,” which would later be recognized on a global scale. In this Backstory, the team from Rice University recounts their experience with conceiving and executing on this exciting—and unusual—project.
{"title":"Harnessing nature’s design with necrobotics","authors":"Te Faye Yap, Zhen Liu, Anoop Rajappan, Trevor J. Shimokusu, Daniel J. Preston","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100119","url":null,"abstract":"In engineering, inspiration can come from any number of sources—sometimes it’s something apparent, and other times it can sneak up like a spider hunting its prey. For Daniel Preston and co-workers, this metaphor was surprisingly literal: arachnid squatters in their lab inspired their work on “necrobotics,” which would later be recognized on a global scale. In this Backstory, the team from Rice University recounts their experience with conceiving and executing on this exciting—and unusual—project.","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135963873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100098
Armin Reimers, Ala Bouhanguel, Erik Greve, Morten Möller, Lena Marie Saure, Sören Kaps, Lasse Wegner, Ali Shaygan Nia, Xinliang Feng, Fabian Schütt, Yves Andres, Rainer Adelung
Particulate air pollution takes an enormous toll on society; it is linked to more than 3 million deaths annually. In addition, airborne microorganisms can spread dangerous diseases, compounding the issue. A widely used method for mitigating the risks of airborne particles is air filtration. While effective at particle removal, conventional air filters typically lack additional functionalities. They cannot inactivate accumulated contaminants, and they require periodic replacement to remain safe. This work presents a multifunctional, self-cleaning air-filtration system using a graphene-enhanced air filter medium (GeFM). The GeFM is capable of capturing >95% of microorganisms and particles >1 μm and can be repeatedly joule heated to >300°C, regenerating the filter. Furthermore, the GeFM provides unique options for monitoring the airflow and loading status of the filter. The GeFM can improve filter lifetime and safety, offering great potential for the development of advanced and likely more sustainable air-filtration solutions in the future.
{"title":"Multifunctional, self-cleaning air filters based on graphene-enhanced ceramic networks","authors":"Armin Reimers, Ala Bouhanguel, Erik Greve, Morten Möller, Lena Marie Saure, Sören Kaps, Lasse Wegner, Ali Shaygan Nia, Xinliang Feng, Fabian Schütt, Yves Andres, Rainer Adelung","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100098","url":null,"abstract":"Particulate air pollution takes an enormous toll on society; it is linked to more than 3 million deaths annually. In addition, airborne microorganisms can spread dangerous diseases, compounding the issue. A widely used method for mitigating the risks of airborne particles is air filtration. While effective at particle removal, conventional air filters typically lack additional functionalities. They cannot inactivate accumulated contaminants, and they require periodic replacement to remain safe. This work presents a multifunctional, self-cleaning air-filtration system using a graphene-enhanced air filter medium (GeFM). The GeFM is capable of capturing >95% of microorganisms and particles >1 μm and can be repeatedly joule heated to >300°C, regenerating the filter. Furthermore, the GeFM provides unique options for monitoring the airflow and loading status of the filter. The GeFM can improve filter lifetime and safety, offering great potential for the development of advanced and likely more sustainable air-filtration solutions in the future.","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136117411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100102
Thomas F. Schranghamer, Sergei P. Stepanoff, Nicholas Trainor, Joan M. Redwing, Douglas E. Wolfe, Saptarshi Das
For decades, the fundamental diffraction limit of light has stymied scaling of optoelectronics beyond the micrometer scale. However, recent studies have shown that devices capable of capturing/directing electromagnetic waves can artificially focus incident light into sub-wavelength active areas, thus enabling applications such as photodetection and communication in defiance of the diffraction limit. Despite these advancements, the ultimate scaling limits of photodetectors have remained largely untested. Here, we present a two-dimensional (2D) monolayer molybdenum disulfide phototransistor that can reach specific detectivities greater than 1013 Jones and display a high dynamic range while possessing an electrical active area of only 0.0065 μm2. Together, the nanoscale active area and ultra-thin-body nature of the sensing material correspond to an active volume of ∼4.23 × 10−6 μm3. These results indicate that scaling of 2D photodetectors beyond the diffraction limit has enormous potential so long as methods of focusing incident light continue to be developed/refined concurrently.
{"title":"Ultra-scaled phototransistors based on monolayer MoS2","authors":"Thomas F. Schranghamer, Sergei P. Stepanoff, Nicholas Trainor, Joan M. Redwing, Douglas E. Wolfe, Saptarshi Das","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100102","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, the fundamental diffraction limit of light has stymied scaling of optoelectronics beyond the micrometer scale. However, recent studies have shown that devices capable of capturing/directing electromagnetic waves can artificially focus incident light into sub-wavelength active areas, thus enabling applications such as photodetection and communication in defiance of the diffraction limit. Despite these advancements, the ultimate scaling limits of photodetectors have remained largely untested. Here, we present a two-dimensional (2D) monolayer molybdenum disulfide phototransistor that can reach specific detectivities greater than 1013 Jones and display a high dynamic range while possessing an electrical active area of only 0.0065 μm2. Together, the nanoscale active area and ultra-thin-body nature of the sensing material correspond to an active volume of ∼4.23 × 10−6 μm3. These results indicate that scaling of 2D photodetectors beyond the diffraction limit has enormous potential so long as methods of focusing incident light continue to be developed/refined concurrently.","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100112
Joohyuk Kang, Kyung Yeun Kim, Seungwan Kim, Hyejun Hong, Byeong-Soo Bae, Seung-Kyun Kang, Wonryung Lee
Wearable microneedle electrochemical sensors require functional soft materials such as gel electrolytes and skin adhesives to electrically and physically integrate with the skin for continuous measurements. However, current patterning methods for these materials have low process compatibility and are generally laborious and time-consuming, making it challenging to use them for various types of devices. Here, we demonstrate a conformable microneedle sensor applied using a photopatternable gel electrolyte and skin adhesive for glucose monitoring. We used oxygen inhibition photolithography to pattern the gel electrolyte and modified a thermocurable adhesive for positive photolithography, enabling precise and direct deposition onto a microneedle substrate. The resulting microneedle sensor establishes a stable electrical and physical interface with skin and is highly sensitive over a broad range of glucose concentrations. We tested the microneedle sensor for diagnosing hyperglycemia in an anesthetized rat through stable, continuous glucose monitoring.
{"title":"A conformable microneedle sensor with photopatternable skin adhesive and gel electrolyte for continuous glucose monitoring","authors":"Joohyuk Kang, Kyung Yeun Kim, Seungwan Kim, Hyejun Hong, Byeong-Soo Bae, Seung-Kyun Kang, Wonryung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100112","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable microneedle electrochemical sensors require functional soft materials such as gel electrolytes and skin adhesives to electrically and physically integrate with the skin for continuous measurements. However, current patterning methods for these materials have low process compatibility and are generally laborious and time-consuming, making it challenging to use them for various types of devices. Here, we demonstrate a conformable microneedle sensor applied using a photopatternable gel electrolyte and skin adhesive for glucose monitoring. We used oxygen inhibition photolithography to pattern the gel electrolyte and modified a thermocurable adhesive for positive photolithography, enabling precise and direct deposition onto a microneedle substrate. The resulting microneedle sensor establishes a stable electrical and physical interface with skin and is highly sensitive over a broad range of glucose concentrations. We tested the microneedle sensor for diagnosing hyperglycemia in an anesthetized rat through stable, continuous glucose monitoring.","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135963869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100101
Carsten Streb
Air filtration is a key approach for removing particulates or pathogenic microorganisms. Traditional air filtrations use filters with limited removal capacity and must be thoroughly maintained. In this Device issue, Schütt, Adelung, and co-workers present a self-cleaning air-filtration system based on graphene-enhanced ceramics. The device removes particles and microbes and monitors airflow and loading state of the filter.
{"title":"Self-cleaning multifunctional air-filtration devices","authors":"Carsten Streb","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100101","url":null,"abstract":"Air filtration is a key approach for removing particulates or pathogenic microorganisms. Traditional air filtrations use filters with limited removal capacity and must be thoroughly maintained. In this Device issue, Schütt, Adelung, and co-workers present a self-cleaning air-filtration system based on graphene-enhanced ceramics. The device removes particles and microbes and monitors airflow and loading state of the filter.","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136008958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100099
Shuai Guo, Yaoxin Zhang, Swee Ching Tan
Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is a promising approach to providing fresh water to areas without access to large bodies of freshwater and mitigating imbalanced water distribution. Besides material innovations, researchers have explored different design strategies for these AWH devices, which can be divided into monocyclic and multicyclic types. Monocyclic water harvesters can be further categorized into those using upward vapor escape, for which research efforts have focused on reducing top cover heating and increasing sorption capacity, and those using downward vapor escape, for which research efforts have focused on heat recycling and cooling strategies to enhance condensation efficiency. Notably, some of these devices utilize radiative cooling and require zero external energy input. For multicyclic water harvesters, efforts have focused on optimizing the sorbents’ water uptake kinetics and device design geometry to guarantee continuous water harvesting.
{"title":"Device design and optimization of sorption-based atmospheric water harvesters","authors":"Shuai Guo, Yaoxin Zhang, Swee Ching Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100099","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is a promising approach to providing fresh water to areas without access to large bodies of freshwater and mitigating imbalanced water distribution. Besides material innovations, researchers have explored different design strategies for these AWH devices, which can be divided into monocyclic and multicyclic types. Monocyclic water harvesters can be further categorized into those using upward vapor escape, for which research efforts have focused on reducing top cover heating and increasing sorption capacity, and those using downward vapor escape, for which research efforts have focused on heat recycling and cooling strategies to enhance condensation efficiency. Notably, some of these devices utilize radiative cooling and require zero external energy input. For multicyclic water harvesters, efforts have focused on optimizing the sorbents’ water uptake kinetics and device design geometry to guarantee continuous water harvesting.","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135963066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100111
Rick P. Wierenga, Stefan M. Golas, Wilson Ho, Connor W. Coley, Kevin M. Esvelt
Liquid-handling robots are often limited by proprietary interfaces that are only compatible with a single type of robot and operating system, restricting method sharing and slowing development. Here, we present PyLabRobot, an open-source, cross-platform Python interface capable of programming diverse liquid-handling robots, including Hamilton STARs and Vantages, Tecan EVOs, and Opentron OT-2s. PyLabRobot provides an interface for a universal set of commands and deck layout representations while enabling the control of diverse accessory devices. The interface can work with any liquid-handling robot capable of aspirating and dispensing precise volumes of liquid within a Cartesian coordinate system. In addition to the already integrated robots, we include guidance on integrating new liquid-handling systems and accessories. We validated the framework through unit tests and application demonstrations, including a browser-based simulator, a position calibration tool, and a path-teaching tool for complex movements. PyLabRobot provides a flexible, open, and collaborative programming environment for laboratory automation.
{"title":"PyLabRobot: An open-source, hardware-agnostic interface for liquid-handling robots and accessories","authors":"Rick P. Wierenga, Stefan M. Golas, Wilson Ho, Connor W. Coley, Kevin M. Esvelt","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100111","url":null,"abstract":"Liquid-handling robots are often limited by proprietary interfaces that are only compatible with a single type of robot and operating system, restricting method sharing and slowing development. Here, we present PyLabRobot, an open-source, cross-platform Python interface capable of programming diverse liquid-handling robots, including Hamilton STARs and Vantages, Tecan EVOs, and Opentron OT-2s. PyLabRobot provides an interface for a universal set of commands and deck layout representations while enabling the control of diverse accessory devices. The interface can work with any liquid-handling robot capable of aspirating and dispensing precise volumes of liquid within a Cartesian coordinate system. In addition to the already integrated robots, we include guidance on integrating new liquid-handling systems and accessories. We validated the framework through unit tests and application demonstrations, including a browser-based simulator, a position calibration tool, and a path-teaching tool for complex movements. PyLabRobot provides a flexible, open, and collaborative programming environment for laboratory automation.","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136117825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100065
He Shan, Zhanyu Ye, Jie Yu, Ruzhu Wang, Zhenyuan Xu
{"title":"Improving solar water harvesting via airflow restructuring using 3D vapor generator","authors":"He Shan, Zhanyu Ye, Jie Yu, Ruzhu Wang, Zhenyuan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135274295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100120
Marshall Brennan
{"title":"The three great mysteries of creation: Life, death, and technology","authors":"Marshall Brennan","doi":"10.1016/j.device.2023.100120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.device.2023.100120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101324,"journal":{"name":"Device","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136008952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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