Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223527
Youngho Jin, N. Xia, R. Gerhardt
Dielectric flexible nanocomposites featuring ferroelectric barium titanate nanoparticles embedded in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix were fabricated by a miscible-immiscible coagulation method followed by hot pressing. The SEM images showed good distribution of nanoparticles with very little particle agglomeration. This microstructure was achievable with or without surface functionalization of the nanoparticles and resulted in high dielectric permittivity and low dielectric loss over a wide range of frequency (10 Hz to 1 MHz). Dielectric permittivity of the composite increased as the filler content increased from 0 to 47 vol % with only a small increase in dielectric loss. At a filler content of 47 vol %, the dielectric permittivity can reach 76 at 1 kHz which is more than 10 times higher than the PVDF matrix while the dielectric loss can remain at < 0.1 at 1 kHz. Due to the simplicity of the processing method, reliable dielectric properties and flexibility, this composite may be useful in many electronic applications such as capacitors and flexible high-k dielectrics components.
{"title":"Dielectric nanocomposite with high dielectric permittivity and low dielectric loss","authors":"Youngho Jin, N. Xia, R. Gerhardt","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223527","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric flexible nanocomposites featuring ferroelectric barium titanate nanoparticles embedded in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix were fabricated by a miscible-immiscible coagulation method followed by hot pressing. The SEM images showed good distribution of nanoparticles with very little particle agglomeration. This microstructure was achievable with or without surface functionalization of the nanoparticles and resulted in high dielectric permittivity and low dielectric loss over a wide range of frequency (10 Hz to 1 MHz). Dielectric permittivity of the composite increased as the filler content increased from 0 to 47 vol % with only a small increase in dielectric loss. At a filler content of 47 vol %, the dielectric permittivity can reach 76 at 1 kHz which is more than 10 times higher than the PVDF matrix while the dielectric loss can remain at < 0.1 at 1 kHz. Due to the simplicity of the processing method, reliable dielectric properties and flexibility, this composite may be useful in many electronic applications such as capacitors and flexible high-k dielectrics components.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127932330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223545
H. Penrose, N. Frost
When an electric machine has an insulation failure in service a decision must be made to rewind or replace it. In addition, depending on the age of the machine, the possibility of uprating the insulation system can be made along with the rewind. This paper will review the areas that need to be addressed in the process of making these assessments.
{"title":"Aging electric machines","authors":"H. Penrose, N. Frost","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223545","url":null,"abstract":"When an electric machine has an insulation failure in service a decision must be made to rewind or replace it. In addition, depending on the age of the machine, the possibility of uprating the insulation system can be made along with the rewind. This paper will review the areas that need to be addressed in the process of making these assessments.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132578364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223501
D. Raschka, Bandeep Singh
The paper presents an advanced investigation method based on numerical computational fluid dynamics. This calculation allows researches and engineers to understand cycloaliphatic polymeric thermoset epoxy resin behavior during casting process from the fluid dynamics, heat transfer and curing (solidification) exothermal chemical reaction phenomenon point of view. Method is presented on an example of outdoor current and voltage sensor. Results generated by the numerical simulation of the epoxy resin casting process have helped to reduce both product development time and costs, improve the production processes and to improve performance and service life of outdoor epoxy resin encapsulated power product.
{"title":"Optimization of reactive epoxy casting process of 15 kV outdoor sensor using advanced CFD simulations","authors":"D. Raschka, Bandeep Singh","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223501","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an advanced investigation method based on numerical computational fluid dynamics. This calculation allows researches and engineers to understand cycloaliphatic polymeric thermoset epoxy resin behavior during casting process from the fluid dynamics, heat transfer and curing (solidification) exothermal chemical reaction phenomenon point of view. Method is presented on an example of outdoor current and voltage sensor. Results generated by the numerical simulation of the epoxy resin casting process have helped to reduce both product development time and costs, improve the production processes and to improve performance and service life of outdoor epoxy resin encapsulated power product.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223609
I. Tsekmes, R. Kochetov, P. Morshuis, J. Smit
In this paper, the results of AC breakdown tests on epoxy - boron nitride nanocomposites are presented. Composites were produced with two different synthesis techniques and the same filler concentration. The main goal is to evaluate the reproducibility of the experimental results as it is one of the most important issues regarding nanotechnology in the field of polymers. Interestingly, the results show a high consistency and the same trend regardless the synthesis technique and thus, the particle distribution. Composites with relatively low filler concentrations exhibit a higher breakdown strength than neat epoxy. As the filler concentration increases, however, composite performance regarding breakdown strength deteriorates.
{"title":"AC breakdown strength of epoxy-boron nitride nanocomposites: Trend & reproducibility","authors":"I. Tsekmes, R. Kochetov, P. Morshuis, J. Smit","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223609","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the results of AC breakdown tests on epoxy - boron nitride nanocomposites are presented. Composites were produced with two different synthesis techniques and the same filler concentration. The main goal is to evaluate the reproducibility of the experimental results as it is one of the most important issues regarding nanotechnology in the field of polymers. Interestingly, the results show a high consistency and the same trend regardless the synthesis technique and thus, the particle distribution. Composites with relatively low filler concentrations exhibit a higher breakdown strength than neat epoxy. As the filler concentration increases, however, composite performance regarding breakdown strength deteriorates.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129871570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223503
V. F. Couto, S. Cabral, T. Mustafa, L. Puchale
For studies of insulation coordination at industrial frequency transmission line must be modelled with much more details than for other studies, like load flow and short circuit analyses. In other words, that usual representation of the transmission line by a single quadrupole Pi circuit is not applicable. In fact, all of the three-phase conductors must be analyzed separately though the determination of individual voltage profile for several conditions of load. This is so because it is possible that voltage to ground of each conductor presents itself as satisfactory at its ends whereas overvoltage may occur along some points in between them. Thus, an alternative and feasible way for modelling the transmission line is proposed by the authors. Although the proposed method is not new, it is has not been usual. For showing the importance of the proposed method a real 230 kV/197 km transmission line are taken and simulated results do show how the occurrence of overvoltage is possible, not only under fundamental frequency but also for harmonics. All the presented results are a clear evidence of the need in reevaluating some conceptions of insulation coordination for power transmission lines.
{"title":"Study of occurrence of overvoltage along power transmission lines with acceptable end voltage","authors":"V. F. Couto, S. Cabral, T. Mustafa, L. Puchale","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223503","url":null,"abstract":"For studies of insulation coordination at industrial frequency transmission line must be modelled with much more details than for other studies, like load flow and short circuit analyses. In other words, that usual representation of the transmission line by a single quadrupole Pi circuit is not applicable. In fact, all of the three-phase conductors must be analyzed separately though the determination of individual voltage profile for several conditions of load. This is so because it is possible that voltage to ground of each conductor presents itself as satisfactory at its ends whereas overvoltage may occur along some points in between them. Thus, an alternative and feasible way for modelling the transmission line is proposed by the authors. Although the proposed method is not new, it is has not been usual. For showing the importance of the proposed method a real 230 kV/197 km transmission line are taken and simulated results do show how the occurrence of overvoltage is possible, not only under fundamental frequency but also for harmonics. All the presented results are a clear evidence of the need in reevaluating some conceptions of insulation coordination for power transmission lines.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130502728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223574
T. Gradinger, Patrik R. Kaufmann
Insulating pipe sections from epoxy and ceramic are presented for use in two-phase cooling systems, where the evaporator is on electric potential whereas the condenser is on ground. For the example of 2 kV system voltage and 12.6 kV impulse voltage, a dimensioning procedure is presented, taking into account air, solid insulation, and refrigerant. The latter must be considered in vapor, liquid and two-phase state. Field grading is applied and shown to be effective by numerical simulation. The insulating sections are successfully verified by experimental testing. The field grading is found to have no advantage at the chosen voltage, but is expected to be important at higher voltages.
{"title":"Development of electrically insulating pipe sections for two-phase cooling of electrical and power-electronic devices","authors":"T. Gradinger, Patrik R. Kaufmann","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223574","url":null,"abstract":"Insulating pipe sections from epoxy and ceramic are presented for use in two-phase cooling systems, where the evaporator is on electric potential whereas the condenser is on ground. For the example of 2 kV system voltage and 12.6 kV impulse voltage, a dimensioning procedure is presented, taking into account air, solid insulation, and refrigerant. The latter must be considered in vapor, liquid and two-phase state. Field grading is applied and shown to be effective by numerical simulation. The insulating sections are successfully verified by experimental testing. The field grading is found to have no advantage at the chosen voltage, but is expected to be important at higher voltages.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116319705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223498
G. Gõcsei, B. Németh
In case of high voltage live-line maintenance (LLM), proper handling of issues related to electric fields is important because the high power is transmitted at high voltage levels. Conductive clothing are the most common protective equipment to shield extra low frequency (ELF) electric fields, acting as a Faraday-cage. Inspections have been executed at the High Voltage Laboratory of Budapest University of Technology and Economics regarding to the misses of the current international standards and regulations for the inspection of conductive clothing.
{"title":"New challenges in live-line maintenance","authors":"G. Gõcsei, B. Németh","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223498","url":null,"abstract":"In case of high voltage live-line maintenance (LLM), proper handling of issues related to electric fields is important because the high power is transmitted at high voltage levels. Conductive clothing are the most common protective equipment to shield extra low frequency (ELF) electric fields, acting as a Faraday-cage. Inspections have been executed at the High Voltage Laboratory of Budapest University of Technology and Economics regarding to the misses of the current international standards and regulations for the inspection of conductive clothing.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128235712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223573
R. Gillie, A. Nesbitt, R. Ramirez-Iniguez, B. Stewart, G. Kerr
This paper investigates correlations of Partial Discharge (PD) measurements of associated statistical parameters from phase-charge-number Φ-q-n plots from IEC60270 PD measurements and High Frequency Current Transformer (HFCT) Φ-peak-n plot PD measurements. These are also compared with Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Radio Frequency (RF) measurements. The three methods record simultaneously PD activity from 3 artificially created fault geometries on High Voltage cable sections, namely a semiconductor point fault, a large embedded particle fault and a smaller particle fault. One of the research aims is to demonstrate the potential for passive RF methods to show comparable results of fault characteristics with direct contact PD measurements. The ability to identify faults based on statistical analysis of IEC60270 Φ-q-n plot and HFCT Φ-peak-n plot deduced quantities, such as Skewness and Kurtosis is also highlighted. This is used in comparison with EMI energy in selected frequency bands to determine any related frequency characteristic changes. Comparisons for trended Skewness and Kurtosis measurements of IEC60270 vs HFCT peak measurements for the three faults are shown for the pulse count Hn(Φ)+ distribution.
{"title":"Statistical analysis of simultaneous partial discharge measurements from IEC60270, HFCT and HFCT EMI methods","authors":"R. Gillie, A. Nesbitt, R. Ramirez-Iniguez, B. Stewart, G. Kerr","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223573","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates correlations of Partial Discharge (PD) measurements of associated statistical parameters from phase-charge-number Φ-q-n plots from IEC60270 PD measurements and High Frequency Current Transformer (HFCT) Φ-peak-n plot PD measurements. These are also compared with Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Radio Frequency (RF) measurements. The three methods record simultaneously PD activity from 3 artificially created fault geometries on High Voltage cable sections, namely a semiconductor point fault, a large embedded particle fault and a smaller particle fault. One of the research aims is to demonstrate the potential for passive RF methods to show comparable results of fault characteristics with direct contact PD measurements. The ability to identify faults based on statistical analysis of IEC60270 Φ-q-n plot and HFCT Φ-peak-n plot deduced quantities, such as Skewness and Kurtosis is also highlighted. This is used in comparison with EMI energy in selected frequency bands to determine any related frequency characteristic changes. Comparisons for trended Skewness and Kurtosis measurements of IEC60270 vs HFCT peak measurements for the three faults are shown for the pulse count Hn(Φ)+ distribution.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131869571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223538
W. McDermid
During the recent revision of IEEE 1434 Guide for the Measurement of Partial Discharges in AC Electric Machinery it became apparent that there is interest in developing a recommended practice for the measurement of PD from individual stator coils and bars. This would include measurements in the low frequency bandwidth specified by IEC 60270 as well as other bandwidths. To facilitate the work sample stator coils and bars with known defects as well as ones in good condition are required. The samples should be of moderate size to assist in the shipment of the samples between various laboratories for round robin testing. The measurements should determine the effect of conditioning and should also include measurements of insulation power factor and tip-up according to IEEE 286.
{"title":"Development of a recommended practice for the Measurement of PD from stator coils and bars","authors":"W. McDermid","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223538","url":null,"abstract":"During the recent revision of IEEE 1434 Guide for the Measurement of Partial Discharges in AC Electric Machinery it became apparent that there is interest in developing a recommended practice for the measurement of PD from individual stator coils and bars. This would include measurements in the low frequency bandwidth specified by IEC 60270 as well as other bandwidths. To facilitate the work sample stator coils and bars with known defects as well as ones in good condition are required. The samples should be of moderate size to assist in the shipment of the samples between various laboratories for round robin testing. The measurements should determine the effect of conditioning and should also include measurements of insulation power factor and tip-up according to IEEE 286.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133908027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223526
Zijing Wang, R. Freer, L. Fang, I. Cotton
A low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) with a general formation HZnO-10MoO3 was developed for dielectric and high temperature insulation applications. Powders of the LTCC material were synthesized via a solid state route; ceramic suspensions for dip coating were prepared by mixing 5 to 20vol% of the LTCC powders, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) based binder, solvents and other organic additives. Processing parameters for dip coating included the ceramic content of starting suspension, withdrawal rate and firing temperature. These were optimized through trial experiments on Ni discs prior to coating of wire specimens. After process optimization, the dip-coated, co-fired wire exhibited an insulation thickness of 40.3 µm and a sufficiently high breakdown voltage of 798 V, demonstrating its potential for high temperature machine winding applications.
{"title":"Low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) for the insulation coating of high temperature electrical conductors","authors":"Zijing Wang, R. Freer, L. Fang, I. Cotton","doi":"10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACACT.2014.7223526","url":null,"abstract":"A low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) with a general formation HZnO-10MoO3 was developed for dielectric and high temperature insulation applications. Powders of the LTCC material were synthesized via a solid state route; ceramic suspensions for dip coating were prepared by mixing 5 to 20vol% of the LTCC powders, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) based binder, solvents and other organic additives. Processing parameters for dip coating included the ceramic content of starting suspension, withdrawal rate and firing temperature. These were optimized through trial experiments on Ni discs prior to coating of wire specimens. After process optimization, the dip-coated, co-fired wire exhibited an insulation thickness of 40.3 µm and a sufficiently high breakdown voltage of 798 V, demonstrating its potential for high temperature machine winding applications.","PeriodicalId":101532,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies (ICACACT 2014)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123906875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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