{"title":"The Role of Local Building Systems in Enhancing the Sustainability of Post-Disaster Temporary Housing","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/cer/14-2-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/14-2-05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78776040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Rainfall -Runoff on the Performance of Main Irrigation Canal and Cross Drainage of Omo-Kuraz I and II Sugar Project (The Case of Omo-Gibe Basin)","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/cer/14-2-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/14-2-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88035892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sediment Yield Estimation and Identifying the Soil Erosion Prone Areas in Koysha Dam Watershed of Omo-Gibe Basin","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/cer/14-2-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/14-2-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"212 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75744697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impacts of Agroforestry, Afforestation and Ex-closure Practices on Soil Loss, Runoff and Soil Moisture Storage in Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/cer/14-3-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/14-3-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85304130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Selected Petroleum Products on the Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soil","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/cer/14-3-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/14-3-08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77472540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of Some Geotechnical Indices of Soils using Machine Learning Techniques","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/cer/14-3-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/14-3-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75337216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Repairing of Reinforced Concrete Beam","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/cer/14-3-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/14-3-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78004814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid urbanization of the Jos Metropolis is giving rise to an increase in housing development and other infrastructures resulting in the reduction of the most favourable ground available for urban expansion. In view of this fast expansion, the Government of Plateau State through the Ministry for Urban Development created ‘the Greater-Jos Master Plan’ currently domiciled at the outskirt of the Jos city where negligible lands are being developed. However, these negligible areas are largely covered with soils which could be problematic in addition to being located adjacent to unstable slopes or even abandoned mine workings with high capacity for subsidence. The Greater-Jos Master Plan is aimed at facilitating adequate planning and control of the metropolis to accommodate the increasing population and reduce proliferation of slums in future. For safe and efficient development of this plan, it is important that subsoil conditions be properly investigated prior to commencement of the final design and construction activities. The present study seeks to compliment this laudable objective by emphasizing the need for an engineering site investigation for acquiring information on which the foundation of such structures and ancillary objects can stand and hence facilitating the proper take-off of the Greater-Jos Master Plan.
{"title":"Emphasizing the significance of site investigation for infrastructural development of the Greater-Jos Master Plan","authors":"H. N. Wazoh","doi":"10.7176/cer/13-6-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/13-6-04","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid urbanization of the Jos Metropolis is giving rise to an increase in housing development and other infrastructures resulting in the reduction of the most favourable ground available for urban expansion. In view of this fast expansion, the Government of Plateau State through the Ministry for Urban Development created ‘the Greater-Jos Master Plan’ currently domiciled at the outskirt of the Jos city where negligible lands are being developed. However, these negligible areas are largely covered with soils which could be problematic in addition to being located adjacent to unstable slopes or even abandoned mine workings with high capacity for subsidence. The Greater-Jos Master Plan is aimed at facilitating adequate planning and control of the metropolis to accommodate the increasing population and reduce proliferation of slums in future. For safe and efficient development of this plan, it is important that subsoil conditions be properly investigated prior to commencement of the final design and construction activities. The present study seeks to compliment this laudable objective by emphasizing the need for an engineering site investigation for acquiring information on which the foundation of such structures and ancillary objects can stand and hence facilitating the proper take-off of the Greater-Jos Master Plan.","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83995358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wodajo Sara Desalegn, Weldeselassie Danayt Abraham, X. Fang, Yan Hongmei, Liang Min
Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rebars have been widely used to solve the corrosion problem of steel bars in concrete structures. It has been produced as a lightweight and corrosion-resistant than steel reinforcement in many structural applications. They are regarded as a promising substitute for steel bars in concrete infrastructures. It is necessary to test GFRP bars to fully understand their material properties to ensure the safe and efficient use of the material. In this study, five specimens of each type of GFRP bars with a diameter of 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mm were tested under tension. Therefore, a total of 25 samples were examined from the same manufacturer. According to ASTM’s recommendations (D7205/D7205M-06) for tensile tests of GFRP bars, the diameter and thickness of the steel pipes for both ends were considered in the preparation of the test specimens to keep the GFRP bars consistent and aligned throughout the experiment. The experimental test results included the stress-strain curves, tensile strength, ultimate strain, and modulus of elasticity. The study showed an accurate result that indicated the tensile strength of the GFRP bars can be expressed by a linear distribution. For a bar diameter of 10mm, the length to diameter ratio Le/db=8 showed a maximum tensile to compressive strength ratio. In the failure results of the test, there were two-mode failures of GFRP bars: fracture failure and pull-out failure of GFRP bars. Most of the specimens had GFRP bar fracture failures, only two specimens (GBT1-10-2 and GBT1-10-3) were damaged due to the pull-off of the GFRP bars which was not a typical failure mode.
{"title":"Experimental Research on Material Behaviour of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars in Tension","authors":"Wodajo Sara Desalegn, Weldeselassie Danayt Abraham, X. Fang, Yan Hongmei, Liang Min","doi":"10.7176/cer/13-5-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/13-5-04","url":null,"abstract":"Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rebars have been widely used to solve the corrosion problem of steel bars in concrete structures. It has been produced as a lightweight and corrosion-resistant than steel reinforcement in many structural applications. They are regarded as a promising substitute for steel bars in concrete infrastructures. It is necessary to test GFRP bars to fully understand their material properties to ensure the safe and efficient use of the material. In this study, five specimens of each type of GFRP bars with a diameter of 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mm were tested under tension. Therefore, a total of 25 samples were examined from the same manufacturer. According to ASTM’s recommendations (D7205/D7205M-06) for tensile tests of GFRP bars, the diameter and thickness of the steel pipes for both ends were considered in the preparation of the test specimens to keep the GFRP bars consistent and aligned throughout the experiment. The experimental test results included the stress-strain curves, tensile strength, ultimate strain, and modulus of elasticity. The study showed an accurate result that indicated the tensile strength of the GFRP bars can be expressed by a linear distribution. For a bar diameter of 10mm, the length to diameter ratio Le/db=8 showed a maximum tensile to compressive strength ratio. In the failure results of the test, there were two-mode failures of GFRP bars: fracture failure and pull-out failure of GFRP bars. Most of the specimens had GFRP bar fracture failures, only two specimens (GBT1-10-2 and GBT1-10-3) were damaged due to the pull-off of the GFRP bars which was not a typical failure mode.","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78096096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tilahun Cibsa, N. Bedaso, Chala Chimdessa, Eshetu Ararso, Ayalew Sida
On-farm evaluation and demonstration of improved banana technology were carried out under small-scale irrigation scheme in selected lowland districts of Bale Zone. FRG approach was employed and two FRGs in every selected scheme were established with 20 members each. The evaluation and demonstration was implemented on four farmers in each scheme and a total of sixteen (16) farmers were used. Each farmer’s field was considered as replication of the trial. Hence; a total of four improved banana varieties namely Giant Cavendish, Dwarf Cavendish, Poyo and Grand Nain were evaluated. From the study result; there were significant differences between mean yield and yield components of banana varieties. The highest number of finger per bunch (142) was recorded for Giant Cavendish followed by Dwarf Cavendish (141) and then Grand Nain (135) varieties whereas the minimum number of finger per bunch (101) was recorded on Poyo variety. On the other hand, the average length of randomly sampled fingers showed that the longest finger (16.54 cm) was obtained from Giant Cavendish variety whereas the shortest finger length (10.36cm) was recorded for Poyo variety. The average yield of banana has also determined for its variation between verities and there was significant (p<0.05) difference among the mean yield of varieties. Accordingly, maximum yield was recorded from Dwarf Cavendish (17.66 ton ha -1 ) followed by Giant Cavendish (16.73 ton ha -1 ) and Grand Nain (15.49 tonha -1 ) whereas the lowest yield was obtained from Poyo (10.42 ton -1 ) variety. Dwarf Cavendish, Giant Cavendish and Grand Nain banana varieties has recorded 40.99%, 37.66% and 32.73% yield advantage over Poyo variety respectively. In addition, farmer’s preferences towards the varieties were collected through supervision and by organizing mini field day. From farmer’s feedback during demonstration; Grand Nain banana variety was ranked as 1 st selection by the farmers on the bases of market preference, sweetness, medium fruit size and average good yield compared to other varieties. Moreover, Dwarf Cavendish and Giant Cavendish banana varieties were evaluated and ranked as 2 nd and 3 rd selection by the farmers compare to poyo varieties on the bases of market preference, fruit size and fruit sweetness. Hence; by combining informal research by farmers with formal on-farm testing; Grand Nain, Dwarf Cavendish and Giant Cavendish banana varieties were selected and recommended for further scaling-up in the test area and similar condition under irrigation production system.
在贝尔区选定的低地地区进行了小规模灌溉方案下改良香蕉技术的田间评价和示范。采用FRG方法，在每个选定方案中建立两个FRG，每个FRG各有20个成员。每个方案对4名农户进行评价和示范，共使用16名农户。每个农民的田地都被认为是试验的重复。因此;对巨型卡文迪什、矮卡文迪什、Poyo和Grand Nain四个香蕉改良品种进行了评价。从研究结果来看;香蕉品种的平均产量和产量构成要素之间存在显著差异。每束手指数最多的品种是巨型卡文迪什(142个)，其次是矮卡文迪什(141个)，然后是大纳因(135个)，而每束手指数最少的品种是Poyo(101个)。另外，随机取样的手指平均长度显示，Giant Cavendish品种的手指最长，为16.54 cm, Poyo品种的手指最短，为10.36cm。香蕉的平均产量也确定了品种间的差异，品种间的平均产量差异显著(p<0.05)。因此，产量最高的品种是矮卡文迪什(17.66吨公顷-1)，其次是大卡文迪什(16.73吨公顷-1)和大纳因(15.49吨-1)，而产量最低的品种是Poyo(10.42吨-1)。矮型卡文迪什、巨型卡文迪什和大纳因香蕉品种的产量分别比Poyo品种高出40.99%、37.66%和32.73%。此外，通过监督和组织小型田间日收集农民对品种的偏好。从示范过程中农民的反馈;与其他品种相比，大纳因香蕉品种具有市场偏好、甜度、中等大小和平均良好产量等特点，被农民列为首选品种。此外，矮型卡文迪什和巨型卡文迪什香蕉品种在市场偏好、果实大小和果实甜度方面被农民评价为与poyo品种相比的第2和第3选择。因此;通过将农民的非正式研究与正式的农场测试相结合;选择了大纳恩、矮卡文迪什和大卡文迪什香蕉品种，并推荐在试验区和类似条件下的灌溉生产系统下进一步扩大规模。
{"title":"On-farm Evaluation and Demonstration of Improved Banana (Musa spp) Technologies under Small-scale Irrigation Schemes of Selected Lowland Districts of Bale Zone, South-eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Tilahun Cibsa, N. Bedaso, Chala Chimdessa, Eshetu Ararso, Ayalew Sida","doi":"10.7176/cer/13-5-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/cer/13-5-02","url":null,"abstract":"On-farm evaluation and demonstration of improved banana technology were carried out under small-scale irrigation scheme in selected lowland districts of Bale Zone. FRG approach was employed and two FRGs in every selected scheme were established with 20 members each. The evaluation and demonstration was implemented on four farmers in each scheme and a total of sixteen (16) farmers were used. Each farmer’s field was considered as replication of the trial. Hence; a total of four improved banana varieties namely Giant Cavendish, Dwarf Cavendish, Poyo and Grand Nain were evaluated. From the study result; there were significant differences between mean yield and yield components of banana varieties. The highest number of finger per bunch (142) was recorded for Giant Cavendish followed by Dwarf Cavendish (141) and then Grand Nain (135) varieties whereas the minimum number of finger per bunch (101) was recorded on Poyo variety. On the other hand, the average length of randomly sampled fingers showed that the longest finger (16.54 cm) was obtained from Giant Cavendish variety whereas the shortest finger length (10.36cm) was recorded for Poyo variety. The average yield of banana has also determined for its variation between verities and there was significant (p<0.05) difference among the mean yield of varieties. Accordingly, maximum yield was recorded from Dwarf Cavendish (17.66 ton ha -1 ) followed by Giant Cavendish (16.73 ton ha -1 ) and Grand Nain (15.49 tonha -1 ) whereas the lowest yield was obtained from Poyo (10.42 ton -1 ) variety. Dwarf Cavendish, Giant Cavendish and Grand Nain banana varieties has recorded 40.99%, 37.66% and 32.73% yield advantage over Poyo variety respectively. In addition, farmer’s preferences towards the varieties were collected through supervision and by organizing mini field day. From farmer’s feedback during demonstration; Grand Nain banana variety was ranked as 1 st selection by the farmers on the bases of market preference, sweetness, medium fruit size and average good yield compared to other varieties. Moreover, Dwarf Cavendish and Giant Cavendish banana varieties were evaluated and ranked as 2 nd and 3 rd selection by the farmers compare to poyo varieties on the bases of market preference, fruit size and fruit sweetness. Hence; by combining informal research by farmers with formal on-farm testing; Grand Nain, Dwarf Cavendish and Giant Cavendish banana varieties were selected and recommended for further scaling-up in the test area and similar condition under irrigation production system.","PeriodicalId":10219,"journal":{"name":"Civil and environmental research","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79736672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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