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The Relationship Between Social-Emotional Difficulties and Underachievement of Gifted Students 资优学生社会情感困难与学习不良的关系
Pub Date : 2014-03-10 DOI: 10.1017/jgc.2014.1
S. Blaas
Gifted students are a diverse minority group with high intelligence and talent whose needs are often unrecognised and unmet. It is believed that this group of students, from a range of backgrounds, socio-economic statuses and abilities, may experience a range of social-emotional difficulties, including peer exclusion, isolation, stress, anxiety, depression and destructive perfectionism. Literature also reveals that gifted and talented students are underachieving at school. Many educators do not recognise or meet the needs of gifted students as there is a false perception that they can look after themselves (Neihard, Reis, Robinson, & Moon, 2002). As research indicates, there is a positive correlation between poor social-emotional development and scholastic underachievement in gifted students (Australian Council for Educational Research, 2010; Queensland Government, 2013). While this may be true, there is limited understanding of how these variables influence one another. Many researchers believe that social-emotional difficulties cause school underachievement, whereas others argue that school underachievement results in social and emotional problems. Furthermore, many researchers dispute these arguments altogether, and believe that these problems are a result of external factors, including family, school, and community environments. Given these contrasting viewpoints, critical investigation is necessary in order to develop a more conclusive understanding of this relationship. This article aims to critically analyse the scope of the current literature, and provides recommendations for further research, as this may result in better development of programs to further support the social-emotional and academic needs of gifted students.
资优学生是一个具有高智商和天赋的多元化少数群体,他们的需求往往未被认识和满足。据信,这群学生来自不同的背景、社会经济地位和能力,可能会经历一系列的社会情感困难,包括同伴排斥、孤立、压力、焦虑、抑郁和破坏性完美主义。文学作品也揭示了天赋异禀的学生在学校表现不佳。许多教育工作者没有认识到或满足天才学生的需求,因为他们错误地认为他们可以照顾自己(Neihard, Reis, Robinson, & Moon, 2002)。研究表明,资优学生的社会情感发展不良与学业成绩不佳之间存在正相关(澳大利亚教育研究委员会,2010;昆士兰州政府,2013年)。虽然这可能是真的,但人们对这些变量如何相互影响的理解有限。许多研究人员认为,社会情感困难导致学业成绩不佳,而另一些人则认为,学业成绩不佳导致社会和情感问题。此外,许多研究人员对这些观点提出了质疑,他们认为这些问题是外部因素造成的,包括家庭、学校和社区环境。鉴于这些截然不同的观点,为了对这种关系有一个更结论性的理解,有必要进行批判性的调查。本文旨在批判性地分析当前文献的范围,并为进一步的研究提供建议,因为这可能会导致更好的项目发展,以进一步支持资优学生的社会情感和学术需求。
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引用次数: 77
Experiences of Counsellors Providing Online Chat Counselling to Young People 辅导员为青少年提供网上聊天辅导的经验
Pub Date : 2014-01-20 DOI: 10.1017/jgc.2013.28
Mitchell Dowling, D. Rickwood
Online counselling is a rapidly growing field and, while there is emerging evidence of its comparative effectiveness, there has been little research into what techniques are being applied in practice and which clients will most likely benefit from this medium. Using a focus group methodology, this study examines the experiences of 19 online clinicians employed by a youth mental health service, investigating their perception of online clients, views on their counsellor roles, the approaches and techniques they employ, and the unique aspects of counselling in an online environment. Overall, online clinicians perceived their clients as presenting with highly complex problems and a high level of psychological distress. They noted online clients would most often use the service once or twice, and that some would use online chat as an adjunct to face-to-face counselling. The online clinicians described various roles, including: assessments, gatekeeping, providing emotional support, and therapeutic interventions. According to the online clinicians, they used a variety of techniques online, but favoured person-centred techniques, as these helped keep the clients engaged with the service. Areas of further research and implications for practice are discussed.
在线咨询是一个快速发展的领域,尽管越来越多的证据表明其相对有效,但很少有研究表明,哪些技术正在应用于实践,哪些客户最有可能从这种媒介中受益。本研究采用焦点小组方法,调查了一家青少年心理健康服务机构雇用的19名在线临床医生的经历,调查了他们对在线客户的看法、对他们的咨询师角色的看法、他们采用的方法和技术,以及在线环境中咨询的独特方面。总体而言,在线临床医生认为他们的客户表现出高度复杂的问题和高度的心理困扰。他们指出,在线客户通常只会使用一两次服务,有些人会将在线聊天作为面对面咨询的辅助手段。在线临床医生描述了各种角色,包括:评估、把关、提供情感支持和治疗干预。根据在线临床医生的说法,他们使用了各种各样的在线技术,但更喜欢以人为本的技术,因为这些技术有助于保持客户对服务的参与。讨论了进一步研究的领域和对实践的影响。
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引用次数: 34
The Grief Grapevine: Facebook Memorial Pages and Adolescent Bereavement 悲伤的小道消息:Facebook纪念页面和青少年丧亲之痛
Pub Date : 2014-01-15 DOI: 10.1017/jgc.2013.30
Mardi Frost
How adolescents use the social networking site Facebook to express grief is a growing area of research. In reviewing current literature, it is evident that many questions still remain unanswered. Additionally, this ever-evolving platform for grief, mourning and bereavement may hold many implications for educators, policy developers and school counsellors and how they manage and support adolescents dealing with the sudden death of a peer. This article explores the reasons why Facebook memorials may appeal to a grieving adolescent, conventions in online grief, and challenges for schools in the context of policies for social networking.
青少年如何使用社交网站Facebook来表达悲伤是一个不断发展的研究领域。在回顾当前的文献时,很明显,许多问题仍然没有得到解答。此外,这个不断发展的悲痛、哀悼和丧亲之痛平台可能会对教育工作者、政策制定者和学校辅导员以及他们如何管理和支持青少年处理同伴突然死亡的问题产生许多影响。这篇文章探讨了为什么Facebook的纪念活动可能会吸引悲伤的青少年,在线悲伤的惯例,以及学校在社交网络政策背景下面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 16
Did that professional education about mental health promotion make any difference?: Early childhood educators' reflections upon changes in their knowledge and practices 关于心理健康促进的专业教育有效果吗?:幼儿教育工作者对其知识和实践变化的思考
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/JGC.2013.19
H. Askell‐Williams, R. Murray‐Harvey
Educators are at the heart of educational reforms, such as the introduction of mental health promotion initiatives into early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings. Good quality implementation of reforms requires educators to engage in high quality professional learning: If educators have not had opportunities to gain appropriate knowledge and expertise, new initiatives may be poorly implemented and may consequently achieve limited outcomes. This article reports ECEC educators' perspectives about the impact on their knowledge and practices of the professional education component of the KidsMatter mental health promotion initiative. Educators from 111 ECEC services across Australia contributed a range of types of data, including questionnaires about their knowledge and self-efficacy, feedback about each professional education session, and photo stories about their changed professional practices. Participants indicated that their professional learning led to changed practices in areas such as interpreting children's behaviours, interacting with children, approaching parents, and collaborating with colleagues. Participants' photo stories illustrate how professional education that focuses on content, active learning, coherence, and collaboration can positively influence knowledge and practices. However, if such gains are to last beyond relatively highly resourced start-up phases of initiatives, professional education needs to integrate with, and draw from, the ongoing availability of other professionals such as guidance and counselling staff, who have complementary knowledge and expertise; be recognised and embedded as a core component of ECEC educators' roles and their workplace practices; and be culturally and contextually situated. Staff accounts of the impact of their professional learning on their practices can highlight to policymakers the practical outcomes of strong investments in professional education. Awareness by other professions of the affordances and constraints faced by ECEC educators may contribute to interdisciplinary synergies among the range of professions involved in mental health promotion in educational settings.
教育工作者是教育改革的核心,例如在幼儿教育和照料环境中引入促进心理健康的举措。改革的高质量实施要求教育工作者参与高质量的专业学习:如果教育工作者没有机会获得适当的知识和专业知识,新举措可能实施不力,结果可能有限。这篇文章报道了ECEC教育工作者对“儿童重要”心理健康促进倡议的专业教育部分对他们的知识和实践的影响的观点。来自澳大利亚111个ECEC服务机构的教育工作者提供了一系列类型的数据,包括关于他们的知识和自我效能的问卷调查,关于每次专业教育课程的反馈,以及关于他们改变专业实践的照片故事。参与者表示,他们的专业学习改变了他们在解读儿童行为、与儿童互动、与父母接触以及与同事合作等方面的做法。参与者的照片故事说明了专注于内容、主动学习、一致性和协作的专业教育如何对知识和实践产生积极影响。但是,如果要在资源相对丰富的倡议开办阶段之后继续取得这种成果,专业教育就必须结合并利用现有的其他专业人员,例如具有补充知识和专门知识的指导和咨询工作人员;作为ECEC教育工作者角色和工作实践的核心组成部分得到认可和嵌入;并在文化和语境中定位。工作人员对其专业学习对其实践的影响的描述可以向政策制定者强调对专业教育进行大力投资的实际成果。其他专业对心理健康教育工作者所面临的便利和限制的认识,可能有助于在教育环境中促进心理健康的各种专业之间产生跨学科的协同作用。
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引用次数: 9
Applied practices - perspectives from the field 应用实践-来自该领域的观点
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/JGC.2013.21
S. Colmar
This is our second publication with this section in our journal which encourages and welcomes applied practice contributions from colleagues. These papers have an applied focus with scope for colleagues to offer work such as: Evaluations of practice, even if these are not methodologically at the standard required for contributions to the main journal (e.g., no control group), Conceptual reviews with implications for practice, Linked case studies in therapeutic and learning and behaviour areas of intervention, Reports from presentations and adapted student assignments, Research work put forward for psychologists' registration requirements. Fuller details are noted below. Please contact Dr Susan Colmar, who edits this section of the journal if you wish to discuss your ideas, possibilities, probabilities or even the germ of an idea. Papers will be refereed; however criteria, particularly methodological, will be less restrictive than aiming for a full journal article. If you need some encouragement and assistance in preparing your paper, I am happy to guide you with my red pen.
这是我们第二次在我们的期刊上发表这个部分,鼓励和欢迎同事们的应用实践贡献。这些论文有一个应用的重点,为同事提供的工作范围,如:对实践的评估,即使这些评估在方法上不符合主要期刊所要求的标准(例如,没有对照组),对实践有影响的概念评论,干预的治疗、学习和行为领域的相关案例研究,演讲报告和改编的学生作业,为心理学家注册要求提出的研究工作。更详细的细节见下文。如果你想讨论你的想法、可能性、概率,甚至是一个想法的萌芽,请联系杂志这一部分的编辑苏珊·科尔马博士。论文将被审阅;然而,标准,特别是方法学上的标准,将比以一篇完整的期刊文章为目标的限制更少。如果你在准备论文的过程中需要一些鼓励和帮助,我很乐意用我的红笔指导你。
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引用次数: 0
Reviews of e-Resources [Book Review] 电子资源评论〔书评〕
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/JGC.2013.24
L. Mercer
Review(s) of: Handbook of school violence, by Edwin R. Gerler (2013). Hoboken, NY, Taylor and Francis, ISBN 9780789016232, eISBN 9781136401688; Rethinking school violence: Theory, gender, context, by Sue Saltmarsh, Kerry Robinson, and Cristyn Davies (2012), London Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 9780230576698, eISBN 9781137015211; Issues in school violence research, by Rusell Skiba, Gale Morrison, Michael Furlong, and Dewey Gene Cornell (2013). Hoboken, NY, TaylorandFrancis, ISBN 9780789025791, eISBN 9781136428005.
《校园暴力手册》(Handbook of school violence), Edwin R. Gerler著(2013)。霍博肯,纽约,泰勒和弗朗西斯,ISBN 9780789016232, eISBN 9781136401688;重新思考校园暴力:理论、性别、语境,苏·索特马什、克里·罗宾逊、克里斯汀·戴维斯著,伦敦帕尔格雷夫·麦克米伦出版社,ISBN 9780230576698, ISBN 9781137015211;《校园暴力研究中的问题》,作者:Rusell Skiba、Gale Morrison、Michael Furlong和Dewey Gene Cornell(2013)。霍博肯,纽约,TaylorandFrancis, ISBN 9780789025791, eISBN 9781136428005。
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引用次数: 0
Maltese students’ perspectives about their experiences at school and their mental health 马耳他学生对其在校经历和心理健康的看法
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/JGC.2013.13
H. Askell‐Williams, C. Cefai, F. Fabri
In this article we report Maltese primary and secondary students' perspectives about their school experiences and their mental health. Questionnaires were completed by 281 students. Relationships emerged between students' reports about their involvement in bullying, mental health status, and a range of typical features of school environments. A conservative non-parametric Jonckheere-Terpstra test indicated significant unidirectional differences, from non-involved through to bully/victim groups, for six selected variables that have the potential to be influenced by schools' policies and practices, namely, positive school community, coping with school work, social and emotional education, friendships, safety, and teachers' responses to bullying events. Effect sizes ranged from small to medium. This study illustrates identifiable patterns of students' social, emotional and academic wellbeing. It highlights the need for intervention programs that are conceptualised to meet the needs of different student groups, in this case, involvement in bullying as a victim or as a bully. It also highlights how a range of school-based influences may operate together to affect the wellbeing of students, and points to the need for multi-disciplinary collaboration and approaches to mental health promotion in schools.
在这篇文章中,我们报告了马耳他中小学生对他们的学校经历和心理健康的看法。共有281名学生完成问卷调查。学生关于他们参与欺凌的报告、心理健康状况和学校环境的一系列典型特征之间出现了关系。保守的非参数Jonckheere-Terpstra检验显示,在六个可能受到学校政策和实践影响的变量中,从非参与到欺凌/受害者群体,即积极的学校社区,应对学校工作,社会和情感教育,友谊,安全以及教师对欺凌事件的反应,存在显著的单向差异。效应大小从小到中等不等。这项研究说明了学生的社会、情感和学业健康的可识别模式。它强调需要制定干预方案,以满足不同学生群体的需求,在这种情况下,作为受害者或欺凌者参与欺凌。它还强调了一系列以学校为基础的影响如何共同作用,影响学生的福祉,并指出需要多学科合作和在学校促进心理健康的方法。
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引用次数: 5
Mental Health and Students with Disabilities: A Review of Literature. 心理健康与残疾学生:文献综述。
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/JGC.2013.14
Julie M. McMillan, J. Jarvis
Students with disabilities are at increased risk of experiencing mental health difficulties, but may not be recognised as an at-risk population in the design of school-based prevention and intervention efforts. Understanding the link between disability and mental health is important for school psychologists and guidance counsellors, teachers, and special education personnel who are in a position to provide targeted opportunities for social and emotional learning and to ameliorate the potential for marginalisation and isolation. This article reviews research related to mental health in students with disabilities, with a focus on understanding potential pathways between disability and mental health difficulties and examining the evidence for effective universal and targeted interventions. The research reviewed highlights the need for mental health promotion in schools to incorporate targeted approaches for at-risk students within the context of universal, whole-school approaches, and in particular to consider the mental health needs of students with disabilities.
残疾学生经历心理健康困难的风险增加,但在设计以学校为基础的预防和干预工作时,可能不会将其视为高危人群。了解残疾与心理健康之间的联系对学校心理学家和指导顾问、教师和特殊教育人员非常重要,因为他们有能力为社会和情感学习提供有针对性的机会,并减少边缘化和孤立的可能性。本文综述了与残疾学生心理健康相关的研究,重点是了解残疾和心理健康困难之间的潜在途径,并检查有效的普遍和有针对性的干预措施的证据。所审查的研究强调,需要在学校促进心理健康,在普遍的全校方法的背景下纳入针对高危学生的有针对性的方法,特别是要考虑残疾学生的心理健康需求。
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引用次数: 13
The Relationship between School Connectedness and Mental Health during the Transition to Secondary School: A Path Analysis. 中转生学校连通性与心理健康的关系:路径分析
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/JGC.2013.20
L. Lester, S. Waters, D. Cross
During the transition from primary to secondary school, students typically experience a new social environment, moving from primary school with small intact classes throughout the day with one main teacher, to a larger secondary school with teachers, classrooms and often classmates changing throughout the day. During this time, students report a reduced sense of connectedness, which has been associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. This study investigated the temporal association between feeling connected to school and mental health prior to and over the transition period. Data were obtained from 3,459 students in a longitudinal study of adolescents' knowledge, attitudes and experiences of bullying victimisation and perpetration during the transition from primary school to secondary school. Students completed a questionnaire at four time points from Grade 7 to the end of Grade 9. Path analysis was used to model relationships between school connectedness, depression and anxiety. The findings suggest reciprocal relationships between connectedness and mental health where increased connectedness to school is associated with decreased depression and anxiety; conversely, increased depression and anxiety is associated with decreased connectedness to school. The significant reciprocal associations found in the cross-lag models in the first two years of secondary school indicate the need to intervene during the transition period to improve students' social and mental health outcomes.
在从小学到中学的过渡期间,学生们通常会体验到一个新的社会环境,从小学到一个更大的中学,老师、教室和同学们整天都在变化。在这段时间里,学生们报告说联系感降低了,这与抑郁和焦虑的症状有关。本研究调查了在过渡时期之前和之后,与学校有关的感觉和心理健康之间的时间关联。对3,459名学生进行了一项纵向研究,研究了从小学到中学过渡时期青少年对欺凌受害者和施暴者的知识、态度和经历。学生们在七年级到九年级结束的四个时间点完成了问卷调查。通径分析用于模拟学校联系、抑郁和焦虑之间的关系。研究结果表明,联系与心理健康之间存在相互关系,与学校联系的增加与抑郁和焦虑的减少有关;相反,抑郁和焦虑的增加与与学校的联系减少有关。在中学前两年的交叉滞后模型中发现了显著的相互关联,这表明需要在过渡时期进行干预,以改善学生的社会和心理健康结果。
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引用次数: 124
Lest we forget: Lessons learned in Ireland following budget 2012 别忘了:爱尔兰在2012年预算之后吸取的教训
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/JGC.2013.22
C. M. Guckin, Aoife O'Brien
School-based guidance and counselling provision suffered significantly in the austerity measures announced as part of the Irish national Budget for 2012. Through an exploration of the rapid changes visited on the profession in Ireland, this article offers a timely warning to international colleagues to engage in a service-wide reflective process regarding the nature, organisation, and efficacy of their role and profession. Highlighted are the central issues that have been experienced in Ireland, with suggestions for how colleagues could reflect upon the robustness of the profession in their own country.
在作为2012年爱尔兰国家预算的一部分宣布的紧缩措施中,以学校为基础的指导和咨询服务受到严重影响。通过对爱尔兰专业的快速变化的探索,本文为国际同事提供了一个及时的警告,让他们参与一个关于他们的角色和专业的性质、组织和功效的服务范围的反思过程。重点强调了在爱尔兰经历的核心问题,并就同事如何反思自己国家的专业健全性提出了建议。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling
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