N. Bessot, S. Moussay, B. Dufour, D. Davenne, B. Sesboüé, A. Gauthier
Correspondence: nicolas Bessot service de Physiologie, ChU Caen, Université de Caen Basse-normandie, Av Côte de nacre, 14033 Caen Cedex, France Tel +332 3106 8130 Fax +332 3106 8132 email bessot-n@phycog.org Background: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of time of day on peak power reached during an exercise test and maximal aerobic power achieved when the subject reached maximal oxygen uptake. Methods: Fifteen male competitive endurance cyclists performed a standardized maximal incremental exercise test at 06:00 hours and 18:00 hours. The test began with a 5-minute warmup period at a workload of 150 W. The work rate was then increased by incremental steps of 30 W per minute until the respiratory exchange ratio reached 1.00. Thereafter, workload was increased in steps of 15 W per minute until exhaustion was reached. Results: No significant diurnal variation was detected in physiological parameters (maximal oxygen uptake and maximal heart rate) or biomechanical parameters (maximal aerobic power, peak power). Conclusion: Circadian variations classically reported in competitive aerobic performances could be due to fluctuations in maximal aerobic endurance and/or improvement in gestural efficiency (pattern of muscle activity, effective force production, and kinematics).
通信:nicolas Bessot service de Physiologie, ChU Caen, universitede de Caen Basse-normandie, Av Côte de nacre, 14033 Caen Cedex, France Tel +332 3106 8130 Fax +332 3106 8132 email bessot-n@phycog.org背景:本研究的目的是探讨一天中的时间对运动测试中达到的峰值功率和受试者达到最大摄氧量时达到的最大有氧功率的影响。方法:15名男性竞技耐力自行车运动员在06:00和18:00进行标准化最大增量运动测试。测试开始于5分钟的预热期，工作负载为150w。然后以每分钟30瓦的速度增加工作速率，直到呼吸交换比达到1.00。此后，工作负载以每分钟15 W的速度增加，直到达到耗尽。结果:生理参数(最大摄氧量和最大心率)和生物力学参数(最大有氧功率、峰值功率)无明显的日变化。结论:在竞技有氧运动中，通常报道的昼夜变化可能是由于最大有氧耐力的波动和/或手势效率(肌肉活动模式、有效力量产生和运动学)的改善。
{"title":"Time of day has no effect on maximal aerobic and peak power","authors":"N. Bessot, S. Moussay, B. Dufour, D. Davenne, B. Sesboüé, A. Gauthier","doi":"10.2147/CPT.S20345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CPT.S20345","url":null,"abstract":"Correspondence: nicolas Bessot service de Physiologie, ChU Caen, Université de Caen Basse-normandie, Av Côte de nacre, 14033 Caen Cedex, France Tel +332 3106 8130 Fax +332 3106 8132 email bessot-n@phycog.org Background: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of time of day on peak power reached during an exercise test and maximal aerobic power achieved when the subject reached maximal oxygen uptake. Methods: Fifteen male competitive endurance cyclists performed a standardized maximal incremental exercise test at 06:00 hours and 18:00 hours. The test began with a 5-minute warmup period at a workload of 150 W. The work rate was then increased by incremental steps of 30 W per minute until the respiratory exchange ratio reached 1.00. Thereafter, workload was increased in steps of 15 W per minute until exhaustion was reached. Results: No significant diurnal variation was detected in physiological parameters (maximal oxygen uptake and maximal heart rate) or biomechanical parameters (maximal aerobic power, peak power). Conclusion: Circadian variations classically reported in competitive aerobic performances could be due to fluctuations in maximal aerobic endurance and/or improvement in gestural efficiency (pattern of muscle activity, effective force production, and kinematics).","PeriodicalId":10315,"journal":{"name":"ChronoPhysiology and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73711191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sumit T. Patil, S. Pund, A. Joshi, C. Shishoo, Aliasgar F. Shahiwala
DOI: 10.2147/CPT.S16504 Background: The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a press-coated pulsatile drug delivery system intended for treatment of early morning stiffness and symptomatic relief from pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The formulation involved press coating of a rupturable coat around a rapidly d isintegrating core tablet of aceclofenac. A three-factor, two-level, full factorial design was used to i nvestigate the influence of amount of glyceryl behenate, amount of sodium chloride in the coating c omposition, and the coating level on the responses, ie, lag time to release and amount of aceclofenac released in 450 minutes. Results: Glyceryl behenate and the coating level had a significant influence on lag time, while sodium chloride helped in the rupture of the coat by acting as a channeling agent. After the coat was ruptured, the core tablet showed a rapid release of aceclofenac due to the presence of Ac-Di-Sol. Graphical analysis of effects by Lenth’s method and Bayesian analysis of coefficients enabled identification of variables active on the selected responses. The optimized formulation comprised 20% w/w glyceryl behenate and 2.2% w/w sodium chloride with a 650 mg coating level, and showed a desired lag time of 358.23 minutes, which mimics the fluctuating symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, followed by rapid release of aceclofenac.
{"title":"Chronomodulated press-coated pulsatile therapeutic system for aceclofenac: optimization of factors influencing drug release and lag time","authors":"Sumit T. Patil, S. Pund, A. Joshi, C. Shishoo, Aliasgar F. Shahiwala","doi":"10.2147/CPT.S16504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CPT.S16504","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.2147/CPT.S16504 Background: The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a press-coated pulsatile drug delivery system intended for treatment of early morning stiffness and symptomatic relief from pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The formulation involved press coating of a rupturable coat around a rapidly d isintegrating core tablet of aceclofenac. A three-factor, two-level, full factorial design was used to i nvestigate the influence of amount of glyceryl behenate, amount of sodium chloride in the coating c omposition, and the coating level on the responses, ie, lag time to release and amount of aceclofenac released in 450 minutes. Results: Glyceryl behenate and the coating level had a significant influence on lag time, while sodium chloride helped in the rupture of the coat by acting as a channeling agent. After the coat was ruptured, the core tablet showed a rapid release of aceclofenac due to the presence of Ac-Di-Sol. Graphical analysis of effects by Lenth’s method and Bayesian analysis of coefficients enabled identification of variables active on the selected responses. The optimized formulation comprised 20% w/w glyceryl behenate and 2.2% w/w sodium chloride with a 650 mg coating level, and showed a desired lag time of 358.23 minutes, which mimics the fluctuating symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, followed by rapid release of aceclofenac.","PeriodicalId":10315,"journal":{"name":"ChronoPhysiology and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79350503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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