Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629445
A. Biondini, M. D. de Mattiello, S. Pescio
The purpose of this work is to identify significant features of alphabetical signs in order to analyze levels of meaning and perceptual organization. It studies 954 patterns generated at random and printed on cards in white and black and the behaviour of 90 observers with different training levels in the recognition of patterns identified as letters or numbers. From the results, the formation of patterns recognized as letters and the observers' ability to identify letters with different noise level is analyzed.
{"title":"Visual perception process and its relation to formal recognition","authors":"A. Biondini, M. D. de Mattiello, S. Pescio","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629445","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to identify significant features of alphabetical signs in order to analyze levels of meaning and perceptual organization. It studies 954 patterns generated at random and printed on cards in white and black and the behaviour of 90 observers with different training levels in the recognition of patterns identified as letters or numbers. From the results, the formation of patterns recognized as letters and the observers' ability to identify letters with different noise level is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"221 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133351528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629447
L. Neto, D. Roberge, Y. Sheng
We demonstrate a spatial light modulator (SLM) that provides a complex wave front manipulation using commercially available liquid-crystal televisions (LCTV). A simple wedged shear plate interferometer is proposed for in situ measurement of the phase modulation and the operating curve of this SLM. We obtain the continuous complex amplitude modulation using two cascaded LCTV's. A look-up table encoding method is proposed for compensating effects of the phase amplitude coupling and the nonlinearity in the two LCTV's. A complex amplitude 2D grating is used for testing the optical complex amplitude modulation.
{"title":"Complex wave front manipulation using liquid crystal televisions and computer-generated holograms","authors":"L. Neto, D. Roberge, Y. Sheng","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629447","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a spatial light modulator (SLM) that provides a complex wave front manipulation using commercially available liquid-crystal televisions (LCTV). A simple wedged shear plate interferometer is proposed for in situ measurement of the phase modulation and the operating curve of this SLM. We obtain the continuous complex amplitude modulation using two cascaded LCTV's. A look-up table encoding method is proposed for compensating effects of the phase amplitude coupling and the nonlinearity in the two LCTV's. A complex amplitude 2D grating is used for testing the optical complex amplitude modulation.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130318588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629465
P. E. Cruvinel, S. Crestana
In 1987 at the Center for Instrumentation (CNPDIA) of the Brazilian Enterprise for Agricultural Research Center (EMBRAPA) an X- and /spl gamma/-rays computerized minitomography scanner was developed for multidisciplinary use. Since 1987 several multidisciplinary works have been carried out from CNPDIA, mainly related to applications to soil physics. In the present study, the importance of the use of dedicated CT scanners and data processing is demonstrated for the evaluation of soil bulk density. For comparison we also outline measurements using a third generation medical computerized tomography scanner. Results show the usefulness of the use of a dedicated CT scanner mainly due to image contrast characteristics and cost.
{"title":"The use of X- and /spl gamma/-rays dedicated computerized minitomography scanner in agriculture due to the limitations imposed by medical computerized tomography scanners","authors":"P. E. Cruvinel, S. Crestana","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629465","url":null,"abstract":"In 1987 at the Center for Instrumentation (CNPDIA) of the Brazilian Enterprise for Agricultural Research Center (EMBRAPA) an X- and /spl gamma/-rays computerized minitomography scanner was developed for multidisciplinary use. Since 1987 several multidisciplinary works have been carried out from CNPDIA, mainly related to applications to soil physics. In the present study, the importance of the use of dedicated CT scanners and data processing is demonstrated for the evaluation of soil bulk density. For comparison we also outline measurements using a third generation medical computerized tomography scanner. Results show the usefulness of the use of a dedicated CT scanner mainly due to image contrast characteristics and cost.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133035153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629455
Peixoto N.L.V., de Lima V.M.Fernandes, W. Hanke
Presents two manipulations done on the perfusion solution during the propagation of the spreading depression waves in the in-vitro chicken retina. For the first time, the electrophysiological and optical signals were acquired simultaneously. Comparing both of them, the authors show the relationship of the characteristic slow potential shift to the brightness profile and to the propagation velocity. By applying barium and barbiturate to the perfusing solution it was possible to demonstrate that the electrical and optical waves are nor directly correlated.
{"title":"Spreading depression: investigating this complex system","authors":"Peixoto N.L.V., de Lima V.M.Fernandes, W. Hanke","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629455","url":null,"abstract":"Presents two manipulations done on the perfusion solution during the propagation of the spreading depression waves in the in-vitro chicken retina. For the first time, the electrophysiological and optical signals were acquired simultaneously. Comparing both of them, the authors show the relationship of the characteristic slow potential shift to the brightness profile and to the propagation velocity. By applying barium and barbiturate to the perfusing solution it was possible to demonstrate that the electrical and optical waves are nor directly correlated.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130327823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629472
J.F. Marar, E.C.D.B.C. Filho, G. C. Vasconcelos
Function approximation is a very important task in environments where computation has to be based on extracting information from data samples in real world processes. Neural networks and wavenets have been seen as attractive tools for developing efficient solutions for many real world problems in function approximation. In this paper, it is shown how feedforward neural networks can be built using a different type of activation function referred to as the PPS (polynomial powers of sigmoids)-wavelet. An algorithm is presented to generate a family of PPS-wavelets that can be used to efficiently construct feedforward networks for function approximation.
{"title":"Feedforward neural networks based on PPS-wavelet activation functions","authors":"J.F. Marar, E.C.D.B.C. Filho, G. C. Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629472","url":null,"abstract":"Function approximation is a very important task in environments where computation has to be based on extracting information from data samples in real world processes. Neural networks and wavenets have been seen as attractive tools for developing efficient solutions for many real world problems in function approximation. In this paper, it is shown how feedforward neural networks can be built using a different type of activation function referred to as the PPS (polynomial powers of sigmoids)-wavelet. An algorithm is presented to generate a family of PPS-wavelets that can be used to efficiently construct feedforward networks for function approximation.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130564222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629460
L. Alquier, P. Montesinos
We present a new method for perceptual grouping of lines using their geometric properties. First the visual properties expected from the groupings are modelled as a quality function similar to active contour functions. This function is computed recursively and optimized from a local to global level with an algorithm related to dynamic programming. The final groupings are then selected according to their global quality. Applied to various situations, the method proved its adaptability and its robustness to noisy environments. The results showed how the use of visual properties can provide an effective segmentation before a high level image understanding.
{"title":"Segmentation of lines using perceptual organization with active contour functions","authors":"L. Alquier, P. Montesinos","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629460","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new method for perceptual grouping of lines using their geometric properties. First the visual properties expected from the groupings are modelled as a quality function similar to active contour functions. This function is computed recursively and optimized from a local to global level with an algorithm related to dynamic programming. The final groupings are then selected according to their global quality. Applied to various situations, the method proved its adaptability and its robustness to noisy environments. The results showed how the use of visual properties can provide an effective segmentation before a high level image understanding.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121089331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629458
F. Bergholm, A. Francisco
We discuss the usage of Hering-Hillebrand deviation H in depth perception, be it machine vision or human vision.
我们讨论了Hering-Hillebrand偏差H在深度感知中的应用，无论是机器视觉还是人类视觉。
{"title":"On the horopter and Hering-Hillebrand deviation","authors":"F. Bergholm, A. Francisco","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629458","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the usage of Hering-Hillebrand deviation H in depth perception, be it machine vision or human vision.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129789715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629467
M. Simas, N. A. dos Santos
We measured human contrast sensitivity to radial frequencies defined as Bessel profiles of n-order, i.e. j/sub 0/, j/sub 1/, j/sub 2/,j/sub 4/,j/sub 8/,j/sub 16/. Six curves of 11 experimental conditions (each) were measured three times by three observers (NAS, MLS, FMR) using a forced-choice method. The results show that contrast sensitivity is increased with the j/sub n/ order for n greater than zero, having distinct orderly effects at the low and high frequency ends. We interpret these results as being most consistent with the possibility that a spatial frequency processing by the human visual system can be defined a priori in terms of polar coordinates.
{"title":"Human visual contrast detection of radial frequency stimuli defined by Bessel profiles j/sub 0/,j/sub 1/,j/sub 2/,j/sub 4/,j/sub 8/,j/sub 16/ and its relation to angular frequencies,","authors":"M. Simas, N. A. dos Santos","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629467","url":null,"abstract":"We measured human contrast sensitivity to radial frequencies defined as Bessel profiles of n-order, i.e. j/sub 0/, j/sub 1/, j/sub 2/,j/sub 4/,j/sub 8/,j/sub 16/. Six curves of 11 experimental conditions (each) were measured three times by three observers (NAS, MLS, FMR) using a forced-choice method. The results show that contrast sensitivity is increased with the j/sub n/ order for n greater than zero, having distinct orderly effects at the low and high frequency ends. We interpret these results as being most consistent with the possibility that a spatial frequency processing by the human visual system can be defined a priori in terms of polar coordinates.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114356430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629468
Reinaldo A. C. Bianchi, A. Rillo
This paper describes a purposive computer vision system for visually guided tasks and a multi-agent architecture used to model it. In this architecture, the vision system's purpose is decomposed into a set of behaviors, which are translated into specific tasks. Purpose, behaviors and tasks, as well as the relationship among them, are modeled using a multi-agent approach. Purpose is modeled by a society of autonomous agents, which communicate through a common language, each one responsible for a specific visually guided behavior, tasks are represented by basic agents, organized in a hierarchical structure. A description of a system that is being implemented as a testbed for the architecture is given, with some details on the implementation of the agents and its communication methods. Finally, a brief discussion about the use of the basic agents is done and research directions are proposed.
{"title":"A purposive computer vision system: a multi-agent approach","authors":"Reinaldo A. C. Bianchi, A. Rillo","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629468","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a purposive computer vision system for visually guided tasks and a multi-agent architecture used to model it. In this architecture, the vision system's purpose is decomposed into a set of behaviors, which are translated into specific tasks. Purpose, behaviors and tasks, as well as the relationship among them, are modeled using a multi-agent approach. Purpose is modeled by a society of autonomous agents, which communicate through a common language, each one responsible for a specific visually guided behavior, tasks are represented by basic agents, organized in a hierarchical structure. A description of a system that is being implemented as a testbed for the architecture is given, with some details on the implementation of the agents and its communication methods. Finally, a brief discussion about the use of the basic agents is done and research directions are proposed.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116874839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629438
A.de.A. Araujo, M. C. de Andrade, A. D. dos Santos, F. Lameiras, E. Bambirra
The characterization of the glomerular structure by the Saltykov method employing an image analyzer is described. The method presented allows the analyst to quantitatively evaluate the morphology of the renal glomeruli. Sample preparation, digitization, image processing and analysis are also described and illustrated. The resulting volumetric glomeruli distribution is presented. As expected, the size distribution shows that the glomeruli present high sphericity and volumes in a narrow range of values.
{"title":"Digital characterization of the renal glomeruli by the Saltykov method","authors":"A.de.A. Araujo, M. C. de Andrade, A. D. dos Santos, F. Lameiras, E. Bambirra","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629438","url":null,"abstract":"The characterization of the glomerular structure by the Saltykov method employing an image analyzer is described. The method presented allows the analyst to quantitatively evaluate the morphology of the renal glomeruli. Sample preparation, digitization, image processing and analysis are also described and illustrated. The resulting volumetric glomeruli distribution is presented. As expected, the size distribution shows that the glomeruli present high sphericity and volumes in a narrow range of values.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126064469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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