Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629461
M.G. de Andrade, A. Gonzaga
The aim of this work is to apply spatial gray level dependence method (SGLDM) for feature extraction of wooden boards. Those boards are used in industrial process of pencil production. The texture shows the board quality in respect of nodes, stripes, and defects that causes rejection in the product quality control. The results are discussed and the potential application in an industrial plant is evaluated.
{"title":"Feature extraction for defect classification in surfaces of wooden boards","authors":"M.G. de Andrade, A. Gonzaga","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629461","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to apply spatial gray level dependence method (SGLDM) for feature extraction of wooden boards. Those boards are used in industrial process of pencil production. The texture shows the board quality in respect of nodes, stripes, and defects that causes rejection in the product quality control. The results are discussed and the potential application in an industrial plant is evaluated.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128641701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629453
J. Brasil-Neto, C. Gonçalves, C. Gonçalves, R.R.F. Lima, V. Pessoa
We have developed a computer-based method for measuring the speed of human visual depth perception (stereolatency). Since it needs only a personal computer and special glasses, our method is easier to use than other techniques, which require electromechanical devices. We have tested 25 normal subjects and have found a mean stereolatency of 258.3 ms, which is similar to that reported by others with the use of such electromechanical methods. We have also identified a group of normal subjects who have stereolatencies in excess of 500 ms, who probably do not use stereoscopic vision in everyday life. Finally, the use of different experimental paradigms has provided evidence that increased environmental luminance is able to speed up stereoscopic perception. We postulate that such effect is due to an excitatory effect on retinal photoreceptors, which are brought to a level of hyperpolarization nearer the threshold for the production of afferent impulses to the visual system, resulting in faster phototransduction and shorter stereolatencies.
{"title":"Development of a computer-based system for studying human stereopsis: contribution to the study of human speed of detection of visual depth","authors":"J. Brasil-Neto, C. Gonçalves, C. Gonçalves, R.R.F. Lima, V. Pessoa","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629453","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a computer-based method for measuring the speed of human visual depth perception (stereolatency). Since it needs only a personal computer and special glasses, our method is easier to use than other techniques, which require electromechanical devices. We have tested 25 normal subjects and have found a mean stereolatency of 258.3 ms, which is similar to that reported by others with the use of such electromechanical methods. We have also identified a group of normal subjects who have stereolatencies in excess of 500 ms, who probably do not use stereoscopic vision in everyday life. Finally, the use of different experimental paradigms has provided evidence that increased environmental luminance is able to speed up stereoscopic perception. We postulate that such effect is due to an excitatory effect on retinal photoreceptors, which are brought to a level of hyperpolarization nearer the threshold for the production of afferent impulses to the visual system, resulting in faster phototransduction and shorter stereolatencies.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114761253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629454
H. Araujo, J. Dias
One interesting feature of the human visual system is the topological transformation of the retinal image into its cortical projection. The excitation of the cortex can be approximated by a log-polar mapping of the eye's retinal image. We describe the log-polar mapping and its main properties.
{"title":"An introduction to the log-polar mapping [image sampling]","authors":"H. Araujo, J. Dias","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629454","url":null,"abstract":"One interesting feature of the human visual system is the topological transformation of the retinal image into its cortical projection. The excitation of the cortex can be approximated by a log-polar mapping of the eye's retinal image. We describe the log-polar mapping and its main properties.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125670162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629446
E. da Silva, A. Gonzaga
The aim of this work, is the application of the Hough transform (HT) method for automated visual inspection of rectangular boards. Filtering the accumulator array we can extract features such as position (mass center), perimeter and area, despite object translation and rotation. The results reached by this methods are evaluated by comparing them with the method of moments (MM), a largely used method to determine the area and center of mass for bi-directional images. Statistical analysis shows the robustness of Hough transform for noisy images in visual inspection.
{"title":"Finding the position and area of an object in a visual inspection system","authors":"E. da Silva, A. Gonzaga","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629446","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work, is the application of the Hough transform (HT) method for automated visual inspection of rectangular boards. Filtering the accumulator array we can extract features such as position (mass center), perimeter and area, despite object translation and rotation. The results reached by this methods are evaluated by comparing them with the method of moments (MM), a largely used method to determine the area and center of mass for bi-directional images. Statistical analysis shows the robustness of Hough transform for noisy images in visual inspection.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132110583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629448
R. Minghim, M. de Oliveira
Visualization techniques provide valuable tools for interpreting the huge amount of data being generated by new detection devices and simulation algorithms. Their effectiveness is limited among other reasons, by the lack of a comprehensive approach towards considering human needs and exploring their abilities. This paper proposes a system and a model for integrating visualization and imaging techniques in order to study and implement strategies to enhance data and phenomena interpretation. This system (PowerVis) aims at providing new forms of graphical and auditory mappings that improve conventional approaches to visualization systems.
{"title":"PowerVis: empowering the user with a multi-modal visualization system","authors":"R. Minghim, M. de Oliveira","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629448","url":null,"abstract":"Visualization techniques provide valuable tools for interpreting the huge amount of data being generated by new detection devices and simulation algorithms. Their effectiveness is limited among other reasons, by the lack of a comprehensive approach towards considering human needs and exploring their abilities. This paper proposes a system and a model for integrating visualization and imaging techniques in order to study and implement strategies to enhance data and phenomena interpretation. This system (PowerVis) aims at providing new forms of graphical and auditory mappings that improve conventional approaches to visualization systems.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115088912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629431
H. Araujo, J. Dias, J. Batista, P. Peixoto
An active vision system has to enable the implementation of reactive visual processes and of elementary visual behaviors in real time. Therefore the control architecture is extremely important. In this paper we discuss a number of issues related with the implementation of a real-time control architecture and describe the architecture we are using with our "binocular heads". Another important issue of the operation of active vision binocular heads is their integration into more complex robotic systems. We claim that higher levels of autonomy and integration can be obtained by designing the system architecture based on the concept of purposive behavior. Finally we describe a system where the integration of an active vision stereo head in a mobile robot has been performed, with real-time performance.
{"title":"A control architecture for active vision systems enabling real time operation","authors":"H. Araujo, J. Dias, J. Batista, P. Peixoto","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629431","url":null,"abstract":"An active vision system has to enable the implementation of reactive visual processes and of elementary visual behaviors in real time. Therefore the control architecture is extremely important. In this paper we discuss a number of issues related with the implementation of a real-time control architecture and describe the architecture we are using with our \"binocular heads\". Another important issue of the operation of active vision binocular heads is their integration into more complex robotic systems. We claim that higher levels of autonomy and integration can be obtained by designing the system architecture based on the concept of purposive behavior. Finally we describe a system where the integration of an active vision stereo head in a mobile robot has been performed, with real-time performance.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128908642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629441
L. Pessoa, H. Neumann, E. Littmann
One of the fundamental questions in visual system physiology is how cells acquire their receptive field properties. The present paper addresses the question of how cortical simple cell behavior originates through the specification of an associated neural circuit which nonlinearly combines inputs from ON and OFF streams. The responses of the model closely follow the static nonlinear behavior observed in the recordings of Hammond and MacKay (1983) and suggest that simple cells should not be viewed as linear devices as commonly assumed since the work of Hubel and Wiesel (1965). We also evaluate the model with both camera and artificial images. Our circuit exhibits a higher positional selectivity (better contrast localization) when compared to a corresponding linear scheme and can be used as an effective "edge detection" algorithm.
{"title":"Cortical simple cells: modeling physiology and image processing applications","authors":"L. Pessoa, H. Neumann, E. Littmann","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629441","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental questions in visual system physiology is how cells acquire their receptive field properties. The present paper addresses the question of how cortical simple cell behavior originates through the specification of an associated neural circuit which nonlinearly combines inputs from ON and OFF streams. The responses of the model closely follow the static nonlinear behavior observed in the recordings of Hammond and MacKay (1983) and suggest that simple cells should not be viewed as linear devices as commonly assumed since the work of Hubel and Wiesel (1965). We also evaluate the model with both camera and artificial images. Our circuit exhibits a higher positional selectivity (better contrast localization) when compared to a corresponding linear scheme and can be used as an effective \"edge detection\" algorithm.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130827471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629434
J. B. Hutchins
Acetylcholine (ACh) was the first biological substance to be identified as a neurotransmitter. In spite of this relatively long history, the functions of acetylcholine in biological systems are still in the process of being elucidated. In the retina, which is responsible for the receipt and initial processing of light information for use by the visual system, acetylcholine has at least two functions: as a neurotransmitter and as an important molecule helping to organize the development of retinal cells.
{"title":"Functions of acetylcholine in signal processing and development of the mammalian retina","authors":"J. B. Hutchins","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629434","url":null,"abstract":"Acetylcholine (ACh) was the first biological substance to be identified as a neurotransmitter. In spite of this relatively long history, the functions of acetylcholine in biological systems are still in the process of being elucidated. In the retina, which is responsible for the receipt and initial processing of light information for use by the visual system, acetylcholine has at least two functions: as a neurotransmitter and as an important molecule helping to organize the development of retinal cells.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130443811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629462
C.A. de Franca, A. Gonzaga, A. Slaets
Fuzzy-neural systems have been applied to many engineering tasks. Fuzzy neurons in pattern classification are extremely useful because they provide a degree of membership information instead of numerical critic values such as "0" (bad) or "1" (good). This paper describes a neural network application for automatic classification of wooden boards. The basic processing unit consists of two types of generic OR and AND neurons structured in a four layer topology.
{"title":"Classification of wooden boards by neural networks and fuzzy rules","authors":"C.A. de Franca, A. Gonzaga, A. Slaets","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629462","url":null,"abstract":"Fuzzy-neural systems have been applied to many engineering tasks. Fuzzy neurons in pattern classification are extremely useful because they provide a degree of membership information instead of numerical critic values such as \"0\" (bad) or \"1\" (good). This paper describes a neural network application for automatic classification of wooden boards. The basic processing unit consists of two types of generic OR and AND neurons structured in a four layer topology.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121194787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-12-09DOI: 10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629466
N.M.F. de Oliveira, W. Waldmann
Presents an experimental evaluation of the sensitivity of a relaxation labelling scheme for image matching to variations in tuning parameters usually set by an operator. Information concerning camera displacement is employed to reduce the complexity and ambiguities that arise when matching regions with significant contrast. The use of displacement information is seen to yield results more robust than those observed without any use of displacement information whatsoever. The experiment has been conducted with real images and the observed robustness encourage further use of the algorithm in vision systems that require the fusion of visual and inertial data, such as the one now being developed in the Active Computer Vision and Perception Laboratory ITA/INPE.
{"title":"Experimental sensitivity analysis of image matching by relaxation labelling","authors":"N.M.F. de Oliveira, W. Waldmann","doi":"10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBVIS.1996.629466","url":null,"abstract":"Presents an experimental evaluation of the sensitivity of a relaxation labelling scheme for image matching to variations in tuning parameters usually set by an operator. Information concerning camera displacement is employed to reduce the complexity and ambiguities that arise when matching regions with significant contrast. The use of displacement information is seen to yield results more robust than those observed without any use of displacement information whatsoever. The experiment has been conducted with real images and the observed robustness encourage further use of the algorithm in vision systems that require the fusion of visual and inertial data, such as the one now being developed in the Active Computer Vision and Perception Laboratory ITA/INPE.","PeriodicalId":103287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings II Workshop on Cybernetic Vision","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121669104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：