Despite the high prevalence of co-existing bronchiectasis and asthma (asthma-bronchiectasis overlap syndrome [ABOS]), little is known regarding the dominant pathogens and clinical correlates.
Objective
To investigate the bacteria and viruses which differentially dominate in ABOS (including its subtypes) compared with bronchiectasis alone, and determine their relevance with bronchiectasis severity and exacerbations.
Methods
This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted between March 2017 and August 2023. We included 81 patients with ABOS and 107 patients with bronchiectasis alone. At steady-state baseline, patients underwent comprehensive assessments and sputum collection for bacterial culture and viral detection (quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction). Patients were followed-up to record exacerbation and spirometry.
Results
Patients with ABOS had significantly higher symptom burden and exacerbation frequency than those with bronchiectasis alone. Despite similar pathogen spectrum, the rate of bacteria–virus co-detection increased less substantially at acute exacerbations (AE) onset than at steady-state compared with bronchiectasis alone. Pathogenic bacteria (particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were detected fairly common (exceeding 50%) in ABOS and were associated with greater severity of bronchiectasis when stable and conferred greater exacerbation risks at follow-up. Viral but not bacterial compositions changed substantially at AE onset compared with clinical stability. Higher blood eosinophil count, moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis and non-atopy were associated with higher odds of bacterial, but not viral, detection (all p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Detection of bacteria or virus is associated with bronchiectasis severity or clinical outcomes in ABOS. This highlights the importance of integrating sputum microbial assessment for ascertaining the dominant pathophysiology (atopy vs. infection) and longitudinal trajectory prediction in ABOS.
背景 尽管支气管扩张和哮喘（哮喘-支气管扩张重叠综合征 [ABOS]）并存的发病率很高，但人们对主要病原体和临床相关性知之甚少。 目的 研究与单纯支气管扩张相比，在 ABOS（包括其亚型）中占主导地位的细菌和病毒，并确定它们与支气管扩张严重程度和病情加重的相关性。 方法 这是一项前瞻性观察性队列研究，研究时间为 2017 年 3 月至 2023 年 8 月。我们纳入了 81 名 ABOS 患者和 107 名单纯支气管扩张症患者。在稳态基线时，患者接受综合评估，并采集痰液进行细菌培养和病毒检测（定量聚合酶链式反应）。对患者进行随访，记录病情加重情况和肺活量。 结果 ABOS 患者的症状负担和恶化频率明显高于单纯支气管扩张症患者。尽管病原体谱相似，但与单纯性支气管扩张症相比，细菌-病毒共同检测率在急性加重（AE）开始时的增加幅度小于稳定期。在 ABOS 中，病原菌（尤其是铜绿假单胞菌）的检出率相当高（超过 50%），在病情稳定时与支气管扩张的严重程度相关，在随访时会带来更大的病情加重风险。与临床稳定期相比，AE 发病时病毒（而非细菌）成分发生了重大变化。较高的血液嗜酸性粒细胞计数、中度至重度支气管扩张和无炎症与较高的细菌检测几率相关，但与病毒检测几率无关（所有 p < 0.05）。 结论 细菌或病毒的检测与 ABOS 的支气管扩张严重程度或临床结果有关。这凸显了综合痰微生物评估对确定主要病理生理学（特异性与感染）和纵向预测 ABOS 病变轨迹的重要性。
{"title":"Bacteria and viruses and clinical outcomes of asthma-bronchiectasis overlap syndrome: A cohort study","authors":"Xiao-xian Zhang, Jia-hui He, Cui-xia Pan, Zhen-feng He, Hui-min Li, Zhen-hong Lin, Xiao-fen Zhang, Lai-jian Cen, Ri-lan Zhang, Ming-xin Shi, Wei-jie Guan","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12331","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the high prevalence of co-existing bronchiectasis and asthma (asthma-bronchiectasis overlap syndrome [ABOS]), little is known regarding the dominant pathogens and clinical correlates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the bacteria and viruses which differentially dominate in ABOS (including its subtypes) compared with bronchiectasis alone, and determine their relevance with bronchiectasis severity and exacerbations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted between March 2017 and August 2023. We included 81 patients with ABOS and 107 patients with bronchiectasis alone. At steady-state baseline, patients underwent comprehensive assessments and sputum collection for bacterial culture and viral detection (quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction). Patients were followed-up to record exacerbation and spirometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with ABOS had significantly higher symptom burden and exacerbation frequency than those with bronchiectasis alone. Despite similar pathogen spectrum, the rate of bacteria–virus co-detection increased less substantially at acute exacerbations (AE) onset than at steady-state compared with bronchiectasis alone. Pathogenic bacteria (particularly <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) were detected fairly common (exceeding 50%) in ABOS and were associated with greater severity of bronchiectasis when stable and conferred greater exacerbation risks at follow-up. Viral but not bacterial compositions changed substantially at AE onset compared with clinical stability. Higher blood eosinophil count, moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis and non-atopy were associated with higher odds of bacterial, but not viral, detection (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Detection of bacteria or virus is associated with bronchiectasis severity or clinical outcomes in ABOS. This highlights the importance of integrating sputum microbial assessment for ascertaining the dominant pathophysiology (atopy vs. infection) and longitudinal trajectory prediction in ABOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophia Neisinger, Bernardo Sousa Pinto, Aiste Ramanauskaite, Jean Bousquet, Karsten Weller, Martin Metz, Markus Magerl, Emek Kocatürk, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, Ana M. Gimenez-Arnau, Claudio Alberto S. Parisi, Sabine Altrichter, Luis Felipe Ensina, Laurence Bouillet, Riccardo Asero, Margarida Gonçalo, Carole Guillet, Krzysztof Rutkowski, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Hannah Hardin, Kiran Godse, Zenon Brzoza, Jose Ignacio Larco Sousa, Simon Francis Thomsen, Martijn van Doorn, Michihiro Hide, Young-Min Ye, Staffan Vanderse, Lāsma Lapiņa, Jonny Peter, Zuotao Zhao, Lianyi Han, Iman Nasr, Heike Rockmann-Helmbach, Jennifer Astrup Sørensen, Rabia Öztaş Kara, Natalja Kurjāne, Andrii I. Kurchenko, Igor Kaidashev, Vladyslav Tsaryk, Roman Stepanenko, Marcus Maurer
Background
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is unpredictable and can severely impair patients' quality of life. Patients with CSU need a convenient, user-friendly platform to complete patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) on their mobile devices. CRUSE®, the Chronic Urticaria Self Evaluation app, aims to address this unmet need.
Methods
CRUSE® was developed by an international steering committee of urticaria specialists. Priorities for the app based on recent findings in CSU were defined to allow patients to track and record their symptoms and medication use over time and send photographs. The CRUSE® app collects patient data such as age, sex, disease onset, triggers, medication, and CSU characteristics that can be sent securely to physicians, providing real-time insights. Additionally, CRUSE® contains PROMs to assess disease activity and control, which are individualised to patient profiles and clinical manifestations.
Results
CRUSE® was launched in Germany in March 2022 and is now available for free in 17 countries. It is adapted to the local language and displays a country-specific list of available urticaria medications. English and Ukrainian versions are available worldwide. From July 2022 to June 2023, 25,710 observations were documented by 2540 users; 72.7% were females, with a mean age of 39.6 years. At baseline, 93.7% and 51.3% of users had wheals and angioedema, respectively. Second-generation antihistamines were used in 74.0% of days.
Conclusions
The initial data from CRUSE® show the wide use and utility of effectively tracking patients' disease activity and control, paving the way for personalised CSU management.
{"title":"CRUSE®—An innovative mobile application for patient monitoring and management in chronic spontaneous urticaria","authors":"Sophia Neisinger, Bernardo Sousa Pinto, Aiste Ramanauskaite, Jean Bousquet, Karsten Weller, Martin Metz, Markus Magerl, Emek Kocatürk, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, Ana M. Gimenez-Arnau, Claudio Alberto S. Parisi, Sabine Altrichter, Luis Felipe Ensina, Laurence Bouillet, Riccardo Asero, Margarida Gonçalo, Carole Guillet, Krzysztof Rutkowski, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Hannah Hardin, Kiran Godse, Zenon Brzoza, Jose Ignacio Larco Sousa, Simon Francis Thomsen, Martijn van Doorn, Michihiro Hide, Young-Min Ye, Staffan Vanderse, Lāsma Lapiņa, Jonny Peter, Zuotao Zhao, Lianyi Han, Iman Nasr, Heike Rockmann-Helmbach, Jennifer Astrup Sørensen, Rabia Öztaş Kara, Natalja Kurjāne, Andrii I. Kurchenko, Igor Kaidashev, Vladyslav Tsaryk, Roman Stepanenko, Marcus Maurer","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12328","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is unpredictable and can severely impair patients' quality of life. Patients with CSU need a convenient, user-friendly platform to complete patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) on their mobile devices. CRUSE<sup>®</sup>, the Chronic Urticaria Self Evaluation app, aims to address this unmet need.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CRUSE<sup>®</sup> was developed by an international steering committee of urticaria specialists. Priorities for the app based on recent findings in CSU were defined to allow patients to track and record their symptoms and medication use over time and send photographs. The CRUSE<sup>®</sup> app collects patient data such as age, sex, disease onset, triggers, medication, and CSU characteristics that can be sent securely to physicians, providing real-time insights. Additionally, CRUSE<sup>®</sup> contains PROMs to assess disease activity and control, which are individualised to patient profiles and clinical manifestations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CRUSE<sup>®</sup> was launched in Germany in March 2022 and is now available for free in 17 countries. It is adapted to the local language and displays a country-specific list of available urticaria medications. English and Ukrainian versions are available worldwide. From July 2022 to June 2023, 25,710 observations were documented by 2540 users; 72.7% were females, with a mean age of 39.6 years. At baseline, 93.7% and 51.3% of users had wheals and angioedema, respectively. Second-generation antihistamines were used in 74.0% of days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The initial data from CRUSE<sup>®</sup> show the wide use and utility of effectively tracking patients' disease activity and control, paving the way for personalised CSU management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139090754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is an allergic disease caused by type I and type III hypersensitivity to environmental fungi. Schizophyllum commune, a basidiomycete fungus, is one of the most common fungi that causes non-Aspergillus ABPM.
Objective
Herein, we attempted to clarify the clinical characteristics of ABPM caused by S. commune (ABPM-Sc) compared with those of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).
Methods
Patients with ABPM-Sc or ABPA were recruited from a nationwide survey in Japan, a multicenter cohort, and a fungal database at the Medical Mycology Research Center of Chiba University. The definition of culture-positive ABPM-Sc/ABPA is as follows: (1) fulfills five or more of the 10 diagnostic criteria for ABPM proposed by Asano et al., and (2) positive culture of S. commune/Aspergillus spp. in sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, or mucus plugs in the bronchi.
Results
Thirty patients with ABPM-Sc and 46 with ABPA were recruited. Patients with ABPM-Sc exhibited less severe asthma and presented with better pulmonary function than those with ABPA (p = 0.008–0.03). Central bronchiectasis was more common in ABPM-Sc than that in ABPA, whereas peripheral lung lesions, including infiltrates/ground-glass opacities or fibrotic/cystic changes, were less frequent in ABPM-Sc. Aspergillus fumigatus-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E was negative in 10 patients (34%) with ABPM-Sc, who demonstrated a lower prevalence of asthma and levels of total serum IgE than those with ABPM-Sc positive for A. fumigatus-specific IgE or ABPA.
Conclusions
Clinical characteristics of ABPM-Sc, especially those negative for A. fumigatus-specific IgE, differed from those of ABPA.
过敏性支气管肺霉菌病（ABPM）是一种由对环境真菌的 I 型和 III 型过敏引起的过敏性疾病。基生真菌 Schizophyllum commune 是引起非曲霉性支气管肺霉病的最常见真菌之一。
{"title":"Clinical characteristics of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Schizophyllum commune","authors":"Tsuyoshi Oguma, Takashi Ishiguro, Katsuhiko Kamei, Jun Tanaka, Junko Suzuki, Akira Hebisawa, Yasushi Obase, Hiroshi Mukae, Takae Tanosaki, Shiho Furusho, Koji Kurokawa, Kentaro Watai, Hiroto Matsuse, Norihiro Harada, Ai Nakamura, Takuo Shibayama, Rie Baba, Kentaro Fukunaga, Hisako Matsumoto, Hisano Ohba, Susumu Sakamoto, Shinko Suzuki, Shintetsu Tanaka, Takahiro Yamada, Akira Yamasaki, Yuma Fukutomi, Yoshiki Shiraishi, Takahito Toyotome, Koichi Fukunaga, Terufumi Shimoda, Satoshi Konno, Masami Taniguchi, Katsuyoshi Tomomatsu, Naoki Okada, Koichiro Asano, Japan ABPM Research Program","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12327","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12327","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is an allergic disease caused by type I and type III hypersensitivity to environmental fungi. <i>Schizophyllum commune</i>, a basidiomycete fungus, is one of the most common fungi that causes non-<i>Aspergillus</i> ABPM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, we attempted to clarify the clinical characteristics of ABPM caused by <i>S. commune</i> (ABPM-Sc) compared with those of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with ABPM-Sc or ABPA were recruited from a nationwide survey in Japan, a multicenter cohort, and a fungal database at the Medical Mycology Research Center of Chiba University. The definition of culture-positive ABPM-Sc/ABPA is as follows: (1) fulfills five or more of the 10 diagnostic criteria for ABPM proposed by Asano et al., and (2) positive culture of <i>S. commune/Aspergillus</i> spp. in sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, or mucus plugs in the bronchi.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty patients with ABPM-Sc and 46 with ABPA were recruited. Patients with ABPM-Sc exhibited less severe asthma and presented with better pulmonary function than those with ABPA (<i>p</i> = 0.008–0.03). Central bronchiectasis was more common in ABPM-Sc than that in ABPA, whereas peripheral lung lesions, including infiltrates/ground-glass opacities or fibrotic/cystic changes, were less frequent in ABPM-Sc. <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E was negative in 10 patients (34%) with ABPM-Sc, who demonstrated a lower prevalence of asthma and levels of total serum IgE than those with ABPM-Sc positive for <i>A. fumigatus</i>-specific IgE or ABPA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical characteristics of ABPM-Sc, especially those negative for <i>A. fumigatus</i>-specific IgE, differed from those of ABPA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139063256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marynowski Mateusz, Karbownik Michał Seweryn, Szemraj Janusz, Kuna Piotr, Michał Gabriel Panek
Background
A key player in the fibrotic process is the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) which enhances extracellular matrix production by increasing the transcription of matrix proteins. The cytokine TGF-β first binds to the TGFβRII receptor (dimer), resulting in the recruitment of the TGFβRI receptor (dimer). The complex thus formed leads to the phosphorylation of the kinase domain of TGFβRI, which in turn results in activation of the Smad pathway. This is therefore a targeted pathway for research into the application of peptide inhibitors in blocking the TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to design a peptide inhibitor (homologous to the cytokine TGF-β) which, after binding to the TGFβRI/TGFβRII receptor, would block the cytokine binding and thus prevent the formation of an activating complex.
Methods
Preliminary work on the design and synthesis of inhibitors for TGFβRI/TGFβRII has allowed us to identify and describe five key regions of the TGF-β—TGFβRI/TGFβRII interface. The following five peptide inhibitors were synthesized for Region 1: 1.1 ALDAAYCFR, 1.2 LDAAYCFRN, 1.3 DAAYCFRNV, 1.4 AAYCFRNVQ, 1.5 AYCFRNVQD. The expression of the SEAP reporter gene, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, and JNK1 gene was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results
For Region 1 peptide inhibitors tested for TGFβRI/TGFβRII, reduced SEAP (reporter gene) expression was observed in cells of the MFB-F11 line, which suggests inhibited the formation of cytokine-receptor complexes.
Conclusions
For IP1_2, 1_3 and 1_5 Region 1 peptides tested for TGFβRI/TGFβRII, reduced cytokine-receptor signal by adding newly designed inhibitors. The study revealed an impact of these peptide inhibitors on the reduction of mRNA expression of Smad2, Smad3, Smad4 and JNK1 genes.
{"title":"Assessment of the effectiveness of the peptide inhibitor homologous to the transforming growth factor β cytokine blocking the TGFβRI/TGFβRII receptor complex—pilot study","authors":"Marynowski Mateusz, Karbownik Michał Seweryn, Szemraj Janusz, Kuna Piotr, Michał Gabriel Panek","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12320","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12320","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A key player in the fibrotic process is the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) which enhances extracellular matrix production by increasing the transcription of matrix proteins. The cytokine TGF-β first binds to the TGFβRII receptor (dimer), resulting in the recruitment of the TGFβRI receptor (dimer). The complex thus formed leads to the phosphorylation of the kinase domain of TGFβRI, which in turn results in activation of the Smad pathway. This is therefore a targeted pathway for research into the application of peptide inhibitors in blocking the TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to design a peptide inhibitor (homologous to the cytokine TGF-β) which, after binding to the TGFβRI/TGFβRII receptor, would block the cytokine binding and thus prevent the formation of an activating complex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preliminary work on the design and synthesis of inhibitors for TGFβRI/TGFβRII has allowed us to identify and describe five key regions of the TGF-β—TGFβRI/TGFβRII interface. The following five peptide inhibitors were synthesized for Region 1: 1.1 ALDAAYCFR, 1.2 LDAAYCFRN, 1.3 DAAYCFRNV, 1.4 AAYCFRNVQ, 1.5 AYCFRNVQD. The expression of the SEAP reporter gene, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, and JNK1 gene was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For Region 1 peptide inhibitors tested for TGFβRI/TGFβRII, reduced SEAP (reporter gene) expression was observed in cells of the MFB-F11 line, which suggests inhibited the formation of cytokine-receptor complexes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For IP1_2, 1_3 and 1_5 Region 1 peptides tested for TGFβRI/TGFβRII, reduced cytokine-receptor signal by adding newly designed inhibitors. The study revealed an impact of these peptide inhibitors on the reduction of mRNA expression of Smad2, Smad3, Smad4 and JNK1 genes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139062942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Audrey Leau, Sandra Denery-Papini, Marie Bodinier, Wieneke Dijk
Hen's egg allergy is the second most frequent food allergy found in children. Allergic symptoms can be caused by raw or heated egg, but a majority of egg-allergic children can tolerate hard-boiled or baked egg. Understanding the reasons for the tolerance towards heated egg provides clues about the molecular mechanisms involved in egg allergy, and the differential allergenicity of heated and baked egg might be exploited to prevent or treat egg allergy. In this review, we therefore discuss (i) why some patients are able to tolerate heated egg; by highlighting the structural changes of egg white (EW) proteins upon heating and their impact on immunoreactivity, as well as patient characteristics, and (ii) to what extent heated or baked EW might be useful for primary prevention strategies or oral immunotherapy. We describe that the level of immunoreactivity towards EW helps to discriminate patients tolerant or reactive to heated or baked egg. Furthermore, the use of heated or baked egg seems effective in primary prevention strategies and might limit adverse reactions. Oral immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy, but it can sometimes cause significant adverse events. The use of heated or baked egg might limit these, but current literature is insufficient to conclude about its efficacy.
摘要 母鸡蛋过敏是儿童中第二常见的食物过敏症。生鸡蛋或加热鸡蛋都可能引起过敏症状，但大多数鸡蛋过敏儿童都能耐受煮熟或烤熟的鸡蛋。了解对加热鸡蛋耐受的原因可为鸡蛋过敏的分子机制提供线索，加热鸡蛋和烤鸡蛋的不同过敏性可用于预防或治疗鸡蛋过敏。因此，在这篇综述中，我们将讨论：(i) 为什么有些患者能够耐受加热鸡蛋；通过强调蛋白 (EW) 蛋白在加热后的结构变化及其对免疫反应性的影响，以及患者的特征；(ii) 加热或烘焙 EW 在多大程度上可用于初级预防策略或口服免疫疗法。我们发现，对 EW 的免疫反应水平有助于区分患者对加热或烘烤鸡蛋的耐受性或反应性。此外，在一级预防策略中使用加热或烘烤的鸡蛋似乎很有效，并可限制不良反应。口服免疫疗法是一种很有前景的治疗策略，但有时会引起严重的不良反应。使用加热或烘烤的鸡蛋可能会限制这些不良反应，但目前的文献还不足以对其疗效做出结论。
{"title":"Tolerance to heated egg in egg allergy: Explanations and implications for prevention and treatment","authors":"Audrey Leau, Sandra Denery-Papini, Marie Bodinier, Wieneke Dijk","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12312","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12312","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hen's egg allergy is the second most frequent food allergy found in children. Allergic symptoms can be caused by raw or heated egg, but a majority of egg-allergic children can tolerate hard-boiled or baked egg. Understanding the reasons for the tolerance towards heated egg provides clues about the molecular mechanisms involved in egg allergy, and the differential allergenicity of heated and baked egg might be exploited to prevent or treat egg allergy. In this review, we therefore discuss (i) why some patients are able to tolerate heated egg; by highlighting the structural changes of egg white (EW) proteins upon heating and their impact on immunoreactivity, as well as patient characteristics, and (ii) to what extent heated or baked EW might be useful for primary prevention strategies or oral immunotherapy. We describe that the level of immunoreactivity towards EW helps to discriminate patients tolerant or reactive to heated or baked egg. Furthermore, the use of heated or baked egg seems effective in primary prevention strategies and might limit adverse reactions. Oral immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy, but it can sometimes cause significant adverse events. The use of heated or baked egg might limit these, but current literature is insufficient to conclude about its efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139019193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karla Robles-Velasco, Matias Panchana-Lascano, Flavio Veintemilla-Burgos, Romina Hinostroza, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
<p>Food allergy (FA), an immunoglobulin E (IgE) reaction, is rising steadily over time.<span><sup>1</sup></span> FA is present in 10% of the population, varying according to region.<span><sup>2</sup></span> Google's search engine has become a significant source of medical information; however, this information varies in quality. Google Trends (GTr) is a free online service that gives users access to current and historical data on Google searches from 2004 up to the present.<span><sup>3</sup></span></p><p>This study aims to assess the public interest and information-seeking behavior regarding food allergies over a specified period. We conducted several searches on GTr (http://trends.google.com) on April 1st, 2023. The data was downloaded and compiled at once across 10 countries from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022. Based on a literature review indicating high prevalence in various countries three different types of food were selected as the primary allergens.<span><sup>4</sup></span> These allergens were used as search topics in GTr, and include: “milk allergy,” “peanut allergy,” and “shellfish allergy.” The countries were selected using GTr performing a search for “Food allergy” as a topic with the "worldwide" category, we analyzed the countries with a relative search volume (RSV) score higher than 50. Ten countries were included: Australia, Canada, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, and the USA. Ten different searches were performed, one search for each of the 10 countries. Each search containing the three allergens, and done under the category “Health” in GTr. RSV is a value that expresses the relation between a specific search concerning the overall searches on Google at a specific time among other modifiable variables. RSV ranges between 100 and 0 in descending order, the former being a high popularity and the latter a low one. For this study, search volume trends and interest over time were developed using Statistical Package for Social Science (version 21.0; SPSS).</p><p>Over the years, there has been a noticeable growth in people's interest in searching about “food allergy” as a topic of search, as evidenced by increased Google search trends from 2012 to 2022 in the 10 countries examined. Although the interest in peanut allergy has been relatively low in the last decade, in the last 2 years there has been a prominent increase in searches in Australia, the USA, Finland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. On the other hand, there was a decreasing interest in Canada, Hungary, Ireland, and the Philippines. Milk allergy was the most searched topic in 6 out of 10 countries of interest, with a sharp spike since 2021 in Canada, the USA, and Australia. In contrast, “shellfish allergy” showed the lowest RSV, being only searched mainly in the Philippines and Singapore (Figure 1).</p><p>The related queries with the most interest were different terms and definitions for allergy, such as “allergy,” “allergi
{"title":"Food allergy: What are people looking for? An infodemiology study","authors":"Karla Robles-Velasco, Matias Panchana-Lascano, Flavio Veintemilla-Burgos, Romina Hinostroza, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12322","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Food allergy (FA), an immunoglobulin E (IgE) reaction, is rising steadily over time.<span><sup>1</sup></span> FA is present in 10% of the population, varying according to region.<span><sup>2</sup></span> Google's search engine has become a significant source of medical information; however, this information varies in quality. Google Trends (GTr) is a free online service that gives users access to current and historical data on Google searches from 2004 up to the present.<span><sup>3</sup></span></p><p>This study aims to assess the public interest and information-seeking behavior regarding food allergies over a specified period. We conducted several searches on GTr (http://trends.google.com) on April 1st, 2023. The data was downloaded and compiled at once across 10 countries from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022. Based on a literature review indicating high prevalence in various countries three different types of food were selected as the primary allergens.<span><sup>4</sup></span> These allergens were used as search topics in GTr, and include: “milk allergy,” “peanut allergy,” and “shellfish allergy.” The countries were selected using GTr performing a search for “Food allergy” as a topic with the \"worldwide\" category, we analyzed the countries with a relative search volume (RSV) score higher than 50. Ten countries were included: Australia, Canada, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, and the USA. Ten different searches were performed, one search for each of the 10 countries. Each search containing the three allergens, and done under the category “Health” in GTr. RSV is a value that expresses the relation between a specific search concerning the overall searches on Google at a specific time among other modifiable variables. RSV ranges between 100 and 0 in descending order, the former being a high popularity and the latter a low one. For this study, search volume trends and interest over time were developed using Statistical Package for Social Science (version 21.0; SPSS).</p><p>Over the years, there has been a noticeable growth in people's interest in searching about “food allergy” as a topic of search, as evidenced by increased Google search trends from 2012 to 2022 in the 10 countries examined. Although the interest in peanut allergy has been relatively low in the last decade, in the last 2 years there has been a prominent increase in searches in Australia, the USA, Finland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. On the other hand, there was a decreasing interest in Canada, Hungary, Ireland, and the Philippines. Milk allergy was the most searched topic in 6 out of 10 countries of interest, with a sharp spike since 2021 in Canada, the USA, and Australia. In contrast, “shellfish allergy” showed the lowest RSV, being only searched mainly in the Philippines and Singapore (Figure 1).</p><p>The related queries with the most interest were different terms and definitions for allergy, such as “allergy,” “allergi","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138822573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oliver Pfaar, Ulrich Wahn, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Farah Bahbah, Philippe Devillier
Background
There is considerable interest in improving the scoring methods for evaluating the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) and to show if this is associated with clinically meaningful results from the patient's perspective. We aimed to assess the efficacy and clinical relevance of a 300 index of reactivity (IR) 5-grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablet in children, adolescents and adults with moderate to severe grass-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) with or without controlled asthma using the combined symptom and medication score CSMS0-36.
Methods
The data of the European population that participated in 3 Phase III, international, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials were analyzed post hoc.
Results
A total of 864 patients randomized to 300 IR 5-grass tablet or placebo were analyzed. Over the primary evaluation period, the difference in CSMS0-36 between the 300 IR and placebo groups was statistically significant (point estimates: −2.51, CI95% [−3.88; −1.14], p < 0.0001 in clinical trial1; −2.31, CI95% [−3.39; −1.23], p < 0.0001 in CT2; and −2.31, CI95% [−3.58; −1.03], p = 0.0004 in CT3). The relative differences between the 300 IR 5-grass tablet and placebo were −29.7%, −33.8%, and −26.3%, respectively. The results based on CSMS0-36 were consistent with those obtained with the primary endpoints of the trials and support the consideration of the 2-point threshold of the CSMS0-36 for clinical relevance of AIT.
Conclusion
Post hoc analysis of 3 CTs with the 300 IR 5-grass SLIT tablet confirmed its significant and clinically relevant effect in the European population with grass pollen-induced ARC with or without controlled asthma.
背景 人们对改进过敏原免疫疗法（AIT）疗效评估的评分方法以及从患者的角度看这是否与有临床意义的结果相关联非常感兴趣。我们的目的是利用症状和药物综合评分 CSMS0-36，评估 300 反应指数（IR）5-禾本科花粉舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）片剂对患有中度至重度禾本科花粉引起的过敏性鼻结膜炎（ARC）并伴有或不伴有哮喘控制的儿童、青少年和成人的疗效和临床相关性。 方法 对参加 3 项 III 期国际随机双盲安慰剂对照临床试验的欧洲人群的数据进行了事后分析。 结果 共分析了 864 名随机服用 300 IR 5-草片或安慰剂的患者。在主要评估期间，300 IR 组和安慰剂组的 CSMS0-36 差异具有统计学意义（点估计值：-2.51，CI95：在临床试验1中为-2.51，CI95% [-3.88; -1.14], p < 0.0001；在临床试验2中为-2.31，CI95% [-3.39; -1.23], p < 0.0001；在临床试验3中为-2.31，CI95% [-3.58; -1.03], p = 0.0004）。300IR五味草片与安慰剂的相对差异分别为-29.7%、-33.8%和-26.3%。基于 CSMS0-36 的结果与试验主要终点的结果一致，并支持将 CSMS0-36 的 2 分阈值作为 AIT 临床相关性的考虑因素。 结论 对使用 300 IR 5-草酸 SLIT 片剂的 3 项 CT 进行的事后分析证实，该药物在欧洲草花粉诱发 ARC 并伴有或不伴有哮喘控制的人群中具有显著的临床相关性效果。
{"title":"Clinical relevance of pre- and coseasonal sublingual immunotherapy with a 300 index of reactivity 5-grass SLIT tablet in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis","authors":"Oliver Pfaar, Ulrich Wahn, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Farah Bahbah, Philippe Devillier","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12321","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is considerable interest in improving the scoring methods for evaluating the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) and to show if this is associated with clinically meaningful results from the patient's perspective. We aimed to assess the efficacy and clinical relevance of a 300 index of reactivity (IR) 5-grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablet in children, adolescents and adults with moderate to severe grass-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) with or without controlled asthma using the combined symptom and medication score CSMS<sub>0-36</sub>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data of the European population that participated in 3 Phase III, international, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials were analyzed post hoc.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 864 patients randomized to 300 IR 5-grass tablet or placebo were analyzed. Over the primary evaluation period, the difference in CSMS<sub>0-36</sub> between the 300 IR and placebo groups was statistically significant (point estimates: −2.51, CI<sub>95%</sub> [−3.88; −1.14], <i>p</i> < 0.0001 in clinical trial1; −2.31, CI<sub>95%</sub> [−3.39; −1.23], <i>p</i> < 0.0001 in CT2; and −2.31, CI<sub>95%</sub> [−3.58; −1.03], <i>p</i> = 0.0004 in CT3). The relative differences between the 300 IR 5-grass tablet and placebo were −29.7%, −33.8%, and −26.3%, respectively. The results based on CSMS<sub>0-36</sub> were consistent with those obtained with the primary endpoints of the trials and support the consideration of the 2-point threshold of the CSMS<sub>0-36</sub> for clinical relevance of AIT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Post hoc analysis of 3 CTs with the 300 IR 5-grass SLIT tablet confirmed its significant and clinically relevant effect in the European population with grass pollen-induced ARC with or without controlled asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138739740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margitta Worm, Adam T. Fox, Magnus Wickman, Johannes Ring, Motohiro Ebisawa, Guillaume Pouessel, Pete Smith
Background
Anaphylaxis is a sudden multisystem allergic reaction which may result in a fatal outcome if not treated promptly. Guidelines worldwide suggest intramuscular adrenaline as the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis outside a perioperative reaction. Adrenaline autoinjectors (AAIs) are widely used self-administrable devices, especially in community settings. Different commercial AAIs have been authorized to be marketed in Europe. For an AAI to be efficacious, a rapid adrenaline delivery in patients, including those who are overweight or obese, resulting in an optimal cardiovascular (CV) response, is a key feature. AAIs are designed to achieve this requirement, which is reflected in their differing functional properties such as primary container selection, drug delivery mechanism (cartridge-or syringe-based), needle length, needle gauge, and adrenaline dose (150 μg, 300 μg, or 500 μg). However, the differences in functional properties across these devices may play a critical role in achieving these requirements as well as the differences in ergonomics in the handling of these devices.
The purpose of this review
Considering the dynamic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of different AAIs marketed in Europe and their effect on adrenaline delivery, the expert panel, also serving as author for this paper have carried out a detailed analysis of the PK/PD profiles of four AAIs, namely, Anapen, Emerade, EpiPen, and Jext, to delineate the adrenaline delivery and their subsequent physiological effects on the backdrop of device characteristics, dose strength, and the skin-to-muscle distances of the participants.
{"title":"Adrenaline auto injectors pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies and potential consequences for clinical practice","authors":"Margitta Worm, Adam T. Fox, Magnus Wickman, Johannes Ring, Motohiro Ebisawa, Guillaume Pouessel, Pete Smith","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12323","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anaphylaxis is a sudden multisystem allergic reaction which may result in a fatal outcome if not treated promptly. Guidelines worldwide suggest intramuscular adrenaline as the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis outside a perioperative reaction. Adrenaline autoinjectors (AAIs) are widely used self-administrable devices, especially in community settings. Different commercial AAIs have been authorized to be marketed in Europe. For an AAI to be efficacious, a rapid adrenaline delivery in patients, including those who are overweight or obese, resulting in an optimal cardiovascular (CV) response, is a key feature. AAIs are designed to achieve this requirement, which is reflected in their differing functional properties such as primary container selection, drug delivery mechanism (cartridge-or syringe-based), needle length, needle gauge, and adrenaline dose (150 μg, 300 μg, or 500 μg). However, the differences in functional properties across these devices may play a critical role in achieving these requirements as well as the differences in ergonomics in the handling of these devices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> The purpose of this review</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Considering the dynamic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of different AAIs marketed in Europe and their effect on adrenaline delivery, the expert panel, also serving as author for this paper have carried out a detailed analysis of the PK/PD profiles of four AAIs, namely, Anapen, Emerade, EpiPen, and Jext, to delineate the adrenaline delivery and their subsequent physiological effects on the backdrop of device characteristics, dose strength, and the skin-to-muscle distances of the participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138739755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ling Shi, Qing Xiong, Fu Kiu Ao, Tsz Yau Wan, Xiaojun Xiao, Xiaoyu Liu, Baoqing Sun, Anchalee Tungtrongchitr, Ting Fan Leung, Stephen Kwok Wing Tsui
Background
Astigmatic mites contain potent allergens that can trigger IgE-mediated immune responses, leading to allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. In house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, group 1 allergens (Der p 1 and Der f 1), characterized as papain-like cysteine proteases, have been defined as the major allergens that have high prevalence and potency. Previous studies of mite group 1 allergens mainly focused on identification, comparison of sequence and structure, as well as the investigation of cross-reactivity. To achieve a comprehensive view of mite group 1 allergens, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of all the cysteine proteases in six astigmatic mite species to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of group 1 allergens.
Methods
Based on the high-quality and annotated genomes, all the cysteine proteases in six astigmatic mite species were identified by sequence homology search. The phylogenetic relationships, gene synteny and expression levels were revealed by bioinformatic tools. The allergenicity of recombinant cysteine proteases was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
Tandem duplication was revealed as the major feature of cysteine protease gene evolution in astigmatic mites. The high IgE-binding capacity and the significant expression level of the cysteine protease DP_007902.01 suggested its potential as a novel group 1 allergen of D. pteronyssinus. In addition, gene decay events were identified in the skin-burrowing parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei.
Conclusion
This comprehensive analysis provided insights into the evolution of cysteine proteases, as well as the component-resolved diagnosis of mite allergies.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of cysteine proteases reveals gene family evolution of the group 1 allergens in astigmatic mites","authors":"Ling Shi, Qing Xiong, Fu Kiu Ao, Tsz Yau Wan, Xiaojun Xiao, Xiaoyu Liu, Baoqing Sun, Anchalee Tungtrongchitr, Ting Fan Leung, Stephen Kwok Wing Tsui","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12324","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Astigmatic mites contain potent allergens that can trigger IgE-mediated immune responses, leading to allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. In house dust mites <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> and <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i>, group 1 allergens (Der p 1 and Der f 1), characterized as papain-like cysteine proteases, have been defined as the major allergens that have high prevalence and potency. Previous studies of mite group 1 allergens mainly focused on identification, comparison of sequence and structure, as well as the investigation of cross-reactivity. To achieve a comprehensive view of mite group 1 allergens, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of all the cysteine proteases in six astigmatic mite species to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of group 1 allergens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the high-quality and annotated genomes, all the cysteine proteases in six astigmatic mite species were identified by sequence homology search. The phylogenetic relationships, gene synteny and expression levels were revealed by bioinformatic tools. The allergenicity of recombinant cysteine proteases was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tandem duplication was revealed as the major feature of cysteine protease gene evolution in astigmatic mites. The high IgE-binding capacity and the significant expression level of the cysteine protease DP_007902.01 suggested its potential as a novel group 1 allergen of <i>D. pteronyssinus</i>. In addition, gene decay events were identified in the skin-burrowing parasitic mite <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This comprehensive analysis provided insights into the evolution of cysteine proteases, as well as the component-resolved diagnosis of mite allergies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138634142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Sagües-Sesé, Natalia García-Casares, Ivan Álvarez-Twose
Background
Mastocytosis manifests with multisystemic symptoms, often involving the nervous system. Numerous cognitive, neuropsychiatric and neurological alterations have been reported in multiple observational studies.
Methods
We performed a qualitative systematic literature review of reported data consulting the electronic databases Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and BASE until June 2023.
Results
We selected 24 studies in which the majority showed that a high proportion of mastocytosis patients suffer cognitive, neuropsychiatric and neurological alterations. The most common disorders and estimated ranges of frequency observed in adults were depression (68%–75%), anxiety, high stress or irritability (27%–54%), cognitive impairment (27%–39%, primarily affecting memory skills), and headaches (55%–69%). Attention challenges and learning difficulties were reported in children at a rate of 13%, while neurodevelopmental disorders occurred at rates of 8%–12%. Frequent white abnormalities in mastocytosis patients with concomitant psychocognitive symptoms have been reported although neuroimaging studies have been performed rarely in this population.
Conclusion
Further studies with more comprehensive and homogeneous evaluations and neuroimaging and histological analysis should be performed for a better understanding of these manifestations. An earlier detection and proper management of these symptoms could greatly improve the quality of life of these patients.
{"title":"Cognitive, neuropsychiatric and neurological alterations in mastocytosis: A systematic review","authors":"Elena Sagües-Sesé, Natalia García-Casares, Ivan Álvarez-Twose","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12319","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12319","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mastocytosis manifests with multisystemic symptoms, often involving the nervous system. Numerous cognitive, neuropsychiatric and neurological alterations have been reported in multiple observational studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a qualitative systematic literature review of reported data consulting the electronic databases Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and BASE until June 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We selected 24 studies in which the majority showed that a high proportion of mastocytosis patients suffer cognitive, neuropsychiatric and neurological alterations. The most common disorders and estimated ranges of frequency observed in adults were depression (68%–75%), anxiety, high stress or irritability (27%–54%), cognitive impairment (27%–39%, primarily affecting memory skills), and headaches (55%–69%). Attention challenges and learning difficulties were reported in children at a rate of 13%, while neurodevelopmental disorders occurred at rates of 8%–12%. Frequent white abnormalities in mastocytosis patients with concomitant psychocognitive symptoms have been reported although neuroimaging studies have been performed rarely in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Further studies with more comprehensive and homogeneous evaluations and neuroimaging and histological analysis should be performed for a better understanding of these manifestations. An earlier detection and proper management of these symptoms could greatly improve the quality of life of these patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138629651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号