Clinical and Translational Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Radiological score, asthma and NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease predict relapsing chronic rhinosinusitis","authors":"Markus Lilja,&nbsp;Anni Koskinen,&nbsp;Sari Hammarèn-Malmi,&nbsp;Anu Laulajainen-Hongisto,&nbsp;Jura Numminen,&nbsp;Jyri Myller,&nbsp;Seija Vento,&nbsp;Elina Penttila,&nbsp;Maija Hytönen,&nbsp;Paula Virkkula,&nbsp;Peter W. Hellings,&nbsp;Sven F. Seys,&nbsp;John Lee,&nbsp;Heini Huhtala,&nbsp;Johanna Sahlman,&nbsp;Sanna Toppila-Salmi","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim was to evaluate the predictive potential of Sinonasal Radiological (SR) and the Lund-Mackay (LM) score of sinus computed tomography (CT) scans on postoperative relapses of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CRS patients (<i>n</i> = 483, 12–80 years) underwent routine sinus CT scans. The SR score was defined by obstructed frontal recess (0 = no, 1 = yes) and visualization of middle and inferior turbinate (0 = anatomy can be easily visualized, 1 = anatomy cannot be easily visualized) on each side (a total of 0–6 points). Associations were analyzed by nonparametric, survival and Cox's proportional hazard models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) was performed in 133 (28.0%) patients on average (min–max) of 3.2 (0–12) years after performing the sinus CT scans. Of the 408 patients who underwent the baseline ESS, high preoperative SR or LM scores significantly predicted revision ESS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and peroral corticosteroid courses purchased during the follow-up (<i>p</i> = 0.009 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, respectively for SR- and LM-scores). In multivariable analysis, both SR score and asthma and/or NSAID exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) were significantly associated with revision ESS risk (<i>p</i> = 0.035, <i>p</i> = 0.007, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LM and SR and a history of asthma or N-ERD predict CRS relapses, which may help in decision-making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting PDK1: A novel approach to combat hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","authors":"Sicen Pan,&nbsp;Mengyan Zhuang,&nbsp;Xiangdong Wang,&nbsp;Qinqin Zhang,&nbsp;Ting He,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Jian Jiao,&nbsp;Luo Zhang","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypoxia is a prevalent pathological process in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), leading to a cascade of pathological events, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced EMT remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms driving EMT under hypoxic conditions in CRSwNP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcriptome and proteome analyses of hypoxia-treated human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) were performed to identify key molecules and pathways. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK1), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and EMT markers was assessed in nasal tissues from CRSwNP patients. In vitro, cultured HNECs were exposed to hypoxia and lactate, or overexpressed PDK1, to evaluate changes in EMT markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypoxia activated the glycolysis-related pathway in HNECs, with PDK1 and LDHA identified as significantly upregulated glycolysis-related enzymes. The expression of PDK1 and LDHA was closely correlated with HIF-1α and EMT markers in nasal tissues. Hypoxia induced an increase in PDK1 and LDHA expression, lactate production, and EMT occurrence in HNECs. PDK1 overexpression or lactate stimulation also triggered EMT, while PDK1 inhibition attenuated hypoxia-induced EMT in HNECs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is the first to reveal that hypoxia-induced activation of PDK1 plays a critical role in regulating EMT by promoting lactate production, thereby providing a potential therapeutic target for CRSwNP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vocal biomarkers correlate with FEV1 variations during methacholine challenge","authors":"Giovanni Paoletti,&nbsp;Giovanni Costanzo,&nbsp;Morena Merigo,&nbsp;Francesca Puggioni,&nbsp;Sebastian Ferri,&nbsp;Maria Rita Messina,&nbsp;Fulvio Cordella,&nbsp;Giuseppe Ranieri,&nbsp;Arianna Arienzo,&nbsp;Victor Savevski,&nbsp;Giorgio Walter Canonica,&nbsp;Ayana de Brito Martins,&nbsp;Enrico Heffler","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mobile health applications are increasingly valued for their role in asthma management and the opportunity for large dataset collection. Our study aimed to investigate the feasibility of applying signal-processing and machine-learning technologies to detect alterations in the lower airway caliber and develop a machine-learning algorithm to identify changes in vocal biomarkers and detect bronchoconstriction in patients with airway hyperreactivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is an explorative observational prospective longitudinal study focused on vocal biomarkers and their association with bronchial constriction and respiratory function. Non-smoker adults with clinical suspicion of asthma were consecutively enrolled from May 2023 to September 2023. At each step of a Methacholine Challenge Test (MCT) performed on these patients, the respiratory sounds were recorded via a smartphone through an app specifically developed. Several biomarkers were extracted and their relationship with the change in Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) was measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-two subjects were enrolled. The highest correlation with FEV1 came from exhalation vocal events. No single feature exhibited robust behavior across different subjects, while each subject showed “personal” highly correlated features. All values were strongly statistically significant irrespectively of the result of MCT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The app’s algorithm is sensitive in correlating specific vocal biomarkers to FEV1 variations during MCT. This feature may assist physicians in diagnosing asthma and its exacerbation and in assessing therapy response and adherence. The socio-economic implications might be significant, and the simplicity of use makes it an ideal tool for research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing novel treatments in chronic spontaneous urticaria: A critical appraisal of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors versus anti-cytokine biologics in clinical trials","authors":"Anastasia Diamanti,&nbsp;Chiara Tontini,&nbsp;Silvia Bulfone-Paus","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70053","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;To the Editor,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We have been following recent clinical trials focusing on new therapies to treat Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU). While current treatments can manage the debilitating symptoms, a significant number of patients do not achieve symptom control with available medications, including anti-IgE treatment.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1, 2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; New potential solutions to address this include Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, targeting downstream signaling of the Immunoglobulin E high-affinity receptor,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3, 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and anti-cytokine biologics, targeting T2/alarmin-driven responses.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; However, available literature provides limited comparisons between newer CSU treatments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We critically appraised the efficacy and safety of six randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), three focusing on BTK inhibitors and three on cytokine blockers, to provide insights into the more promising therapeutic options for CSU. Using the Arksey and O'Malley's framework, we systematically reviewed relevant trials. Our search across Embase and Ovid identified 473 studies from April 2019 to May 2024. A secondary search on ClinicalTrials.gov yielded 123 trials, 15 focusing on BTK inhibitors and cytokine blockers. Based on the CONSORT checklist for methodological quality,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; we selected trials scoring a minimum of 10 positive or partially met items out of 25. Six RCTs and two pharmaceutical releases (for trial NCT05107115, whose results were not published at the time of the search) were chosen (Figure 1A, Table 1).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Common inclusion criteria included CSU duration of at least 6 months and non-response to second-generation H1-antihistamines, while exclusion criteria included recent infections, other dermatological conditions, immunocompromised status, and major health conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selected studies were compared across three areas: (A) study characteristics and demographic information (e.g., number of participants, age, gender distribution, ethnic diversity, and dropout rates); (B) CSU outcome measures (e.g., Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days, UAS7); and (C) frequency of serious adverse events.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data were normalized for the placebo effect, while statistical differences were as reported by the original authors. Studies NCT03137069 and NCT04180488 involved two cohorts with similar dosage protocols, respectively fenebrutinib 200 mg BID and dupilumab 300 mg SC Q2W. Combined &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values were calculated using Fisher's combined probability test, and the survival function of the chi-squared distribution was computed using the &lt;span&gt;chi2.sf&lt;/span&gt; function of the &lt;span&gt;scipy&lt;/span&gt; Python library.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; In studies with multiple dosages, we selected the most effective regimen, resulting in the most significant decrease of UAS7 scores from baseline to endpoint normalized to placebo (Normalized ΔUAS7 = [(UAS7&lt;sub&gt;End of study&lt;/sub&gt; – UAS7&lt;sub&gt;Baseline&lt;/sub&gt;)]&lt;sub&gt;Tre","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breath of relief: Transforming pediatric asthma care with telemedicine-guided exercises","authors":"Betul Gemici Karaaslan,&nbsp;Hikmet Ucgun,&nbsp;Meltem Kaya,&nbsp;Gokce Nuran Cengiz,&nbsp;Sueda Ozturk,&nbsp;Ozge Barut,&nbsp;Zeynep Korkut,&nbsp;Sezin Aydemir,&nbsp;Zeynep Meric,&nbsp;Birol Topcu,&nbsp;Hilal Denizoglu Kulli,&nbsp;Haluk Cokuğras,&nbsp;Ayca Kiykim","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alternative non-pharmacological strategies such as breathing exercises can be used in combination with pharmacological treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this randomized, controlled, single-blind study was to investigate the effectiveness of breathing exercises in asthma patients on respiratory function, symptom control and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled pediatric asthma patients who were eligible and motivated for the study and randomly assigned them to either the exercise group (EG) or the control group (CG). The CG received a postural exercise program, while the EG received a breathing exercise program. At baseline and after 12 weeks, respiratory function (FEV1-FVC-FEV1/FVC-PEF), symptom control (using asthma control test, asthma control questionnaire, global initiative for asthma symptom control assessment), quality of life (using pediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire), breath-holding test (BHT) and sit-to-stand test (30sSTS) were assessed and compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred twelve patients were randomized, and 99 (<i>n</i> = 51 EG, <i>n</i> = 48 CG) completed the 12-week study. Baseline data were also similar in both groups. After 12 weeks, FEV1, Peak expiratory flow (by spirometry and peak flow meter) and BHT were significantly better in EG than in CG (<i>p</i> = 0.01 and <i>p</i> = 0.007 and <i>p</i> = 0.005, respectively). Asthma Control Test and GINA symptom control tool values were also significantly better in both groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our participants were children with mild to moderate asthma. We conclude that our results show that breathing exercises can be an effective intervention for children with partially controlled asthma with FEV1,PEF, and BHTs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophils and COVID-19: Insights into immune complexity and vaccine safety","authors":"Wided Sahli,&nbsp;Joana Vitte,&nbsp;Benoit Desnues","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 exhibits a variety of symptoms and may lead to multi-organ failure and death. This clinical complexity is exacerbated by significant immune dysregulation affecting nearly all cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. Granulocytes, including eosinophils, are affected by SARS-CoV-2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eosinophil responses remain poorly understood despite early recognition of eosinopenia as a hallmark feature of COVID-19 severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The heterogeneous nature of eosinophil responses categorizes them as dual-function cells with contradictory effects. Eosinophil activation can suppress virus-induced inflammation by releasing type 2 cytokines like IL-13 and granular proteins with antiviral action such as eosinophil-derived neurotoxins and eosinophil cationic protein, and also by acting as antigen-presenting cells. In contrast, eosinophil accumulation in the lungs can induce tissue damage triggered by cytokines or hormones like IFN-γ and leptin. Additionally, they can affect adaptive immune functions by interacting with T cells through direct formation of membrane complexes or soluble mediator action. Individuals with allergic disorders who have elevated levels of eosinophils in tissues and blood, such as asthma, do not appear to be at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 following SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine appears to be associated with complications and eosinophilic infiltrate-induced immunopathogenicity, which can be mitigated by corticosteroid, anti-histamines and anti-IL-5 therapy and avoided by modifying adjuvants or excipients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review highlights the importance of eosinophils in COVID-19 and contributes to a better understanding of their role during natural infection and vaccination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered diversity and composition of gut microbiota in Korean children with food allergy","authors":"Minyoung Jung,&nbsp;Ji Young Lee,&nbsp;Sukyung Kim,&nbsp;Jeongmin Song,&nbsp;Sehun Jang,&nbsp;Sanghee Shin,&nbsp;Min Hee Lee,&nbsp;Mi Jin Kim,&nbsp;Jiwon Kim,&nbsp;Han Byul Lee,&nbsp;Yeonghee Kim,&nbsp;Kangmo Ahn,&nbsp;Minji Kim,&nbsp;Jihyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the gut microbiome and identify individual and grouped gut microbes associated with food allergy (FA) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fecal samples were collected from children with IgE-mediated FA and from sex- and age-matched controls. The V3–V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene of the gut microbiome were profiled using next-generation sequencing (Illumina, USA). Bacterial species richness, intracommunity diversity, and intergroup dissimilarity were evaluated. Functional profiles were predicted using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) and the Minimal Set of Pathways (MinPath) algorithm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fecal samples were collected from children with IgE-mediated FA (<i>n</i> = 66) and from sex- and age-matched controls (<i>n</i> = 22). Gut microbiome richness (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), intra-community diversity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and inter-community diversity (<i>p</i> = 0.0004) were higher in the healthy group than in the FA group. Patients with FA were enriched in <i>Blautia</i>, <i>Fusicatenibacter</i>, and <i>Ruminococcus_g5</i> compared with healthy control individuals (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Healthy control individuals were significantly enriched in <i>Oscillibacter</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i> compared with patients with FA (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Functional pathway analysis identified enrichment in pathways related to endoglucanase in healthy controls and the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system in FA patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gut microbiomes of patients with FA and healthy control individuals had different taxonomic abundances, and the microbiome richness and diversity of the bacterial flora of patients with FA were reduced compared with controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicutaneous immunotherapy for food allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Péter Csonka,&nbsp;Bohee Lee,&nbsp;Ilari Kuitunen","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food allergies pose a global healthcare challenge, underscoring the need for effective interventions. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) for food allergen desensitisation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials by searching Ovid EMBASE, PubMed and Scopus in April 2024. Using a random-effects meta-analysis, we evaluated the clinical effectiveness and harms of EPIT, reporting results as risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After screening 460 abstracts and 35 full reports, 11 were included: nine on peanuts and two on cow's milk (CM). Peanut EPIT had a 51.2% treatment response versus 22.4% for placebo (RR 2.16, CI 1.49–3.12; four studies; moderate certainty). The RR for milk EPIT response rate was 1.78 (CI 1.06–3.00; one study). Five peanut studies (1396 patients) reported EPIT-related adverse events (RR 1.39, CI 0.94–2.05; low certainty).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EPIT offers a moderate treatment response with a favourable safety profile and significant improvements in quality of life. Current knowledge of EPIT remains limited, with evidence confined to peanut and CM allergies. There is a lack of research on sustained unresponsiveness achieved through food EPIT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex disparity in adult asthma—A potential immunomodulatory role of let-7 family microRNAs","authors":"Carina Malmhäll,&nbsp;Jenny Calvén,&nbsp;Julie Weidner,&nbsp;Kristina Johansson,&nbsp;Patricia Ramos-Ramírez,&nbsp;Emma Boberg,&nbsp;Linda Ekerljung,&nbsp;Roxana Mincheva,&nbsp;Bright Nwaru,&nbsp;Hannu Kankaanranta,&nbsp;Henric Olsson,&nbsp;Christopher McCrae,&nbsp;Madeleine Rådinger","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sex differences have been reported in the incidence, prevalence and severity of asthma. Previous findings from animal models have revealed sex-related differences in inflammatory pathways that may contribute to asthma pathogenesis, but human studies are limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Airway and blood samples (<i>n</i> = 55 and <i>n</i> = 85 respectively) were collected from adult females and males with asthma and healthy subjects. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), T helper (Th)2 cells and their expression of IL-33R/ST2 (ST2L) were evaluated by flow cytometry. IL-13, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-33 and soluble IL-33R/ST2 (sST2) were measured by ELISA. Let-7 miRNA expression in bronchial biopsies was determined by qPCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Females with asthma reported more exacerbations and had a higher number of airway eosinophils compared with males with asthma. Bronchial biopsy expression of Let-7f, Let-7g and miR-98 tended to be higher in males with asthma compared with females and inversely correlated with asthma exacerbations. In contrast, increased levels of IL-13, TSLP and sST2 were found in females with asthma compared with males.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study demonstrates different inflammatory signatures between males and females with asthma. Let-7 miRNAs act as immune modulators by inhibiting the production of IL-13 and may be an important factor explaining the sex disparity seen in asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CCL2/C–C chemokine receptor type 2-mediated interactions among mast cells, basophils, and endothelial cells","authors":"Maruša Rihar,&nbsp;Rajia Bahri,&nbsp;Vida Forstnerič,&nbsp;Silvia Bulfone-Paus,&nbsp;Peter Korošec","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IL-33 is involved in allergic processes by promoting the release of various mast cell (MC) chemokines, including CCL2. However, it is yet unclear which specific cell type is primarily responsible for producing CCL2 during acute allergic reactions. This study aims to investigate the role of IL-33 in promoting CCL2 production in mast cells and assess the effect of MC-derived CCL2 on basophil migration and endothelial permeability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human blood-derived MCs (hMCs) were generated from peripheral blood precursors, passively sensitized with IgE, treated with IL-33, and stimulated with anti-IgE. The concentrations of nine cytokines known to influence immune cell chemotaxis (CCL2, CCL5, CCL11, MIP-1α, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed in the supernatants of hMCs. Subsequently, we investigated the impact of MC-derived CCL2 on basophil migration in vitro, as well as its effect on endothelial monolayer permeability using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stimulation with anti-IgE induced a significant release of CCL2, GM-CSF, IL-8 and VEGF from hMCs. Additionally, incubation with IL-33 overnight increased the production of several cytokines. Mast cell-derived CCL2 not only enhanced basophil migration in vitro but also increased endothelial monolayer permeability in HUVECs. The effect was reversed by a C–C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist, indicating the involvement of CCL2 signaling through the CCR2 receptor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IL-33 induces the production of chemotactic cytokines in hMCs. Mast cell-derived CCL2 plays an important role in basophil chemotaxis in vitro and affects endothelial monolayer permeability in the HUVEC model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}