Rebecca C. Knibb, Lily Hawkins, Cassandra Screti, M. Hazel Gowland, Mamidipudi Thirumala Krishna, George du Toit, Christina J. Jones
Background
Food hypersensitivity (FHS) management requires daily risk assessments of all food and drinks consumed to prevent unpleasant and potentially fatal adverse reactions. Most research has focussed on food allergy in children and families. Little is known about the impact on adults or those with other FHS, such as food intolerance or coeliac disease. This study assessed differences in practices and risk assessment behaviours when eating out for adults with FHS.
Methods
Adult UK residents (N = 930; 820 females, 90 males; 95% White; mean age 50 years [±16.6SD]), with food allergy (18%), food intolerance (23%) coeliac disease (44%) or multiple FHS (15%) completed an online survey.
Results
Adults checked information to identify foods causing a reaction always or most of the time when eating out. However, adults with food intolerance reported checking significantly less often than adults with other FHS (all ps < 0.001). Adults reporting more severe FHS, medical rather than self-diagnosis of FHS, previous anaphylaxis, had called an ambulance or been in hospital due to a reaction checked information significantly more often (all ps < 0.001), but were also less confident in the information provided (all ps < 0.05). Adults with allergy, coeliac disease or multiple FHS were also less confident in written and verbal information provided than those with food intolerance (p < 0.01). The type of FHS, greater perceived severity of FHS and having a medical diagnosis consistently predicted risk assessment behaviours when eating out (all ps < 0.001).
Conclusion
Clinicians, patients and the food industry should be aware that the type of FHS, patient-perceived severity and past experience of reactions affect risk assessment behaviours when eating out. This should be considered when providing clinical advice and emergency plans.
{"title":"Risk assessment behaviour when eating out in adults with food hypersensitivity","authors":"Rebecca C. Knibb, Lily Hawkins, Cassandra Screti, M. Hazel Gowland, Mamidipudi Thirumala Krishna, George du Toit, Christina J. Jones","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12336","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food hypersensitivity (FHS) management requires daily risk assessments of all food and drinks consumed to prevent unpleasant and potentially fatal adverse reactions. Most research has focussed on food allergy in children and families. Little is known about the impact on adults or those with other FHS, such as food intolerance or coeliac disease. This study assessed differences in practices and risk assessment behaviours when eating out for adults with FHS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adult UK residents (<i>N</i> = 930; 820 females, 90 males; 95% White; mean age 50 years [±16.6SD]), with food allergy (18%), food intolerance (23%) coeliac disease (44%) or multiple FHS (15%) completed an online survey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults checked information to identify foods causing a reaction always or most of the time when eating out. However, adults with food intolerance reported checking significantly less often than adults with other FHS (all <i>p</i>s < 0.001). Adults reporting more severe FHS, medical rather than self-diagnosis of FHS, previous anaphylaxis, had called an ambulance or been in hospital due to a reaction checked information significantly more often (all <i>p</i>s < 0.001), but were also less confident in the information provided (all <i>p</i>s < 0.05). Adults with allergy, coeliac disease or multiple FHS were also less confident in written and verbal information provided than those with food intolerance (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The type of FHS, greater perceived severity of FHS and having a medical diagnosis consistently predicted risk assessment behaviours when eating out (all <i>p</i>s < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinicians, patients and the food industry should be aware that the type of FHS, patient-perceived severity and past experience of reactions affect risk assessment behaviours when eating out. This should be considered when providing clinical advice and emergency plans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bente Janssen-Weets, Antoine Lesur, Gunnar Dittmar, François Bernardin, Eva Zahradnik, Monika Raulf, François Hentges, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Markus Ollert, Christiane Hilger
Background
The American Bashkir Curly Horse is frequently advertised to horse-allergic riders and claimed to be a so-called hypoallergenic breed that elicits fewer symptoms. Previous studies quantifying selected allergens in different breeds did not find a reduced allergen content in Curly Horses. Here, we provide a comprehensive proteomic analysis of horse hair extracts and a molecular analysis of the major allergen Equ c 1 with the aim of identifying differences in the Curly Horse breed that might explain their presumed reduced allergenic potential.
Methods
Horse hair extracts were prepared from Curly and American Quarter Horse breeds, separated by gender and castration status, extracts from other breeds served as controls. Extracts and native Equ c 1 (nEqu c 1) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. IgE-binding capacities of nEqu c 1 and its recombinant variants were tested by ELISA using sera of patients sensitized to horses. Structures and ligand binding abilities were analyzed by computational modeling and fluorescence quenching assays.
Results
All known respiratory horse allergens are present in hair extracts of Curly and Quarter Horses and share identical allergen-specific peptides. Lipocalin allergens are the most abundant proteins in horse hair extracts and contain several post-translational modifications. We identified two new variants of Equ c 1 that have similar IgE-binding capacities but show structural differences in their binding cavities and altered ligand binding behavior. There are no differences in IgE-binding of Equ c 1 derived from Curly Horses compared to other horse breeds.
Conclusion
Our data do not support the claim that Curly Horses are less allergenic than other breeds.
背景 美国巴什基尔卷毛马经常向对马匹过敏的骑手做广告，声称它是一种所谓的低过敏性品种，引起的症状较少。以前对不同品种的选定过敏原进行量化的研究并未发现卷毛马的过敏原含量有所降低。在此，我们对马毛提取物进行了全面的蛋白质组分析，并对主要过敏原 Equ c 1 进行了分子分析，目的是找出卷毛马品种的差异，以解释其过敏可能性降低的原因。 方法 从按性别和阉割状态区分的卷毛马和美国季马品种中提取马毛萃取物，其他品种的萃取物作为对照。提取物和原生 Equ c 1（nEqu c 1）通过质谱法进行分析。使用对马过敏的患者血清，通过 ELISA 方法检测了 nEqu c 1 及其重组变体的 IgE 结合能力。通过计算建模和荧光淬灭试验分析了其结构和配体结合能力。 结果 所有已知的呼吸道马过敏原都存在于卷毛马和四角马的毛发提取物中，并且具有相同的过敏原特异性肽。脂联素过敏原是马毛提取物中含量最高的蛋白质，包含多种翻译后修饰。我们发现了 Equ c 1 的两种新变体，它们具有相似的 IgE 结合能力，但在结合腔结构上存在差异，配体结合行为也有所改变。与其他马种相比，来自卷毛马的 Equ c 1 的 IgE 结合能力没有差异。 结论 我们的数据并不支持卷毛马过敏性低于其他马种的说法。
{"title":"Proteomic analysis of horse hair extracts provides no evidence for the existence of a hypoallergenic Curly Horse breed","authors":"Bente Janssen-Weets, Antoine Lesur, Gunnar Dittmar, François Bernardin, Eva Zahradnik, Monika Raulf, François Hentges, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Markus Ollert, Christiane Hilger","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12329","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The American Bashkir Curly Horse is frequently advertised to horse-allergic riders and claimed to be a so-called hypoallergenic breed that elicits fewer symptoms. Previous studies quantifying selected allergens in different breeds did not find a reduced allergen content in Curly Horses. Here, we provide a comprehensive proteomic analysis of horse hair extracts and a molecular analysis of the major allergen Equ c 1 with the aim of identifying differences in the Curly Horse breed that might explain their presumed reduced allergenic potential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Horse hair extracts were prepared from Curly and American Quarter Horse breeds, separated by gender and castration status, extracts from other breeds served as controls. Extracts and native Equ c 1 (nEqu c 1) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. IgE-binding capacities of nEqu c 1 and its recombinant variants were tested by ELISA using sera of patients sensitized to horses. Structures and ligand binding abilities were analyzed by computational modeling and fluorescence quenching assays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All known respiratory horse allergens are present in hair extracts of Curly and Quarter Horses and share identical allergen-specific peptides. Lipocalin allergens are the most abundant proteins in horse hair extracts and contain several post-translational modifications. We identified two new variants of Equ c 1 that have similar IgE-binding capacities but show structural differences in their binding cavities and altered ligand binding behavior. There are no differences in IgE-binding of Equ c 1 derived from Curly Horses compared to other horse breeds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data do not support the claim that Curly Horses are less allergenic than other breeds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yora Mostmans, Marcus Maurer, Bertrand Richert, Vanessa Smith, Karin Melsens, Viviane De Maertelaer, Ines Saidi, Francis Corazza, Olivier Michel
Background
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease where activation of endothelial cells (ECs) at sites of skin lesions leads to increased blood flow, leakage of fluid into the skin, cellular infiltration, and vascular remodeling. To understand the disease duration and the sometimes vague systemic symptoms accompanying flares, the objective of this study was to examine if CSU comes with systemic vascular changes at the microcirculatory level.
Methods
We investigated CSU patients (n = 49) and healthy controls (HCs, n = 44) for microcirculatory differences by nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and for blood levels of the soluble EC biomarkers serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble E-selectin, and stem cell factor (SCF). Patients were also assessed for clinical characteristics, disease activity, and markers of autoimmune CSU (aiCSU).
Results
CSU patients had significantly lower capillary density, more capillary malformations, and more irregular capillary dilations than HCs on NVC. Serum levels of VEGF, soluble E selectin and SCF were similar in CSU patients and HCs. CSU patients with higher VEGF levels had significantly more abnormal capillaries. Patients with markers of aiCSU, that is, low IgE levels or increased anti-TPO levels, had significantly more capillaries and less capillary dilations than those without.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that CSU comes with systemic microcirculatory changes, which may be driven, in part, by VEGF.
{"title":"Chronic spontaneous urticaria: Evidence of systemic microcirculatory changes","authors":"Yora Mostmans, Marcus Maurer, Bertrand Richert, Vanessa Smith, Karin Melsens, Viviane De Maertelaer, Ines Saidi, Francis Corazza, Olivier Michel","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12335","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12335","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease where activation of endothelial cells (ECs) at sites of skin lesions leads to increased blood flow, leakage of fluid into the skin, cellular infiltration, and vascular remodeling. To understand the disease duration and the sometimes vague systemic symptoms accompanying flares, the objective of this study was to examine if CSU comes with systemic vascular changes at the microcirculatory level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated CSU patients (<i>n</i> = 49) and healthy controls (HCs, <i>n</i> = 44) for microcirculatory differences by nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and for blood levels of the soluble EC biomarkers serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble E-selectin, and stem cell factor (SCF). Patients were also assessed for clinical characteristics, disease activity, and markers of autoimmune CSU (aiCSU).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CSU patients had significantly lower capillary density, more capillary malformations, and more irregular capillary dilations than HCs on NVC. Serum levels of VEGF, soluble E selectin and SCF were similar in CSU patients and HCs. CSU patients with higher VEGF levels had significantly more abnormal capillaries. Patients with markers of aiCSU, that is, low IgE levels or increased anti-TPO levels, had significantly more capillaries and less capillary dilations than those without.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that CSU comes with systemic microcirculatory changes, which may be driven, in part, by VEGF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10821744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139569977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
House dust mite (HDM) allergy is a prevalent global health concern, with varying sensitization profiles observed across populations. We aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of molecular allergen sensitization patterns in the Lithuanian population, with a focus on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p), and investigate patterns of concomitant reactivity among different allergens to enhance the accuracy of HDM allergy diagnostics.
Methods
A comprehensive analysis of 1520 patient test results in Lithuania from 2020 to 2022 was performed. Sensitization patterns to major (Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23) and minor (Der p 5, Der p 7, and Der p 21) Der p allergen components were described using molecular-based diagnostics. Additionally, we investigated sensitization to allergen components from other allergen sources, including tropomyosins (Der p 10, Per a 7, Pen m 1, Ani s 3, Blo t 10) and arginine kinases (Pen m 2, Bla g 9, Der p 20).
Results
This study reveals a high prevalence of HDM sensitization in Lithuania - 481 individuals (45.38% of the sensitized group) exhibited sensitization to at least one Der p allergen component. Importantly, within the sensitized group, 37.21% of patients were sensitized to Der p 5, Der p 7, or Der p 21 in addition to major allergenic components. Distinct sensitization patterns were observed across different age groups, indicating the influence of age-related factors. Furthermore, we confirmed cross-reactivity between Der p 5 and Blo t 5 as well as between Der p 21 and Blo t 21, emphasizing the clinical relevance of these associations. We also highlighted the complexity of sensitization patterns among tropomyosins and arginine kinases.
Conclusion
This study provides valuable insights into HDM allergy sensitization profiles in Lithuania, emphasizing the importance of considering major and minor HDM allergen components for accurate diagnosis and management of HDM-related allergic diseases. Differences between populations and age-related factors impact sensitization patterns. Understanding concomitant reactivity among allergens, such as Der p 5 and Blo t 5, Der p 21 and Blo t 21, tropomyosins, and arginine kinases, is crucial for improving diagnostic strategies and developing targeted interventions for allergic individuals.
背景 家庭尘螨（HDM）过敏是全球普遍关注的健康问题，不同人群的过敏情况各不相同。我们的目的是全面评估立陶宛人群的分子过敏原致敏模式，重点是Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)，并研究不同过敏原之间的伴随反应模式，以提高HDM过敏诊断的准确性。 方法 对立陶宛 2020 年至 2022 年期间 1520 名患者的检测结果进行了综合分析。使用分子诊断方法描述了主要（Der p 1、Der p 2 和 Der p 23）和次要（Der p 5、Der p 7 和 Der p 21）Der p 过敏原成分的致敏模式。此外，我们还研究了对其他过敏原来源的过敏原成分的致敏性，包括肌球蛋白（Der p 10、Per a 7、Pen m 1、Ani s 3、Blo t 10）和精氨酸激酶（Pen m 2、Bla g 9、Der p 20）。 结果 这项研究揭示了立陶宛人对 HDM 过敏的高发病率--481 人（占过敏人群的 45.38%）至少对一种 Der p 过敏原成分过敏。重要的是，在致敏人群中，37.21% 的患者除了对主要过敏原成分过敏外，还对 Der p 5、Der p 7 或 Der p 21 过敏。在不同年龄组中观察到了不同的致敏模式，这表明了年龄相关因素的影响。此外，我们还证实了 Der p 5 和 Blo t 5 之间以及 Der p 21 和 Blo t 21 之间的交叉反应，强调了这些关联的临床意义。我们还强调了肌球蛋白和精氨酸激酶之间致敏模式的复杂性。 结论 本研究为了解立陶宛人对 HDM 过敏的致敏情况提供了有价值的见解，强调了考虑主要和次要 HDM 过敏原成分对于准确诊断和治疗 HDM 相关过敏性疾病的重要性。人群之间的差异和年龄相关因素会影响过敏模式。了解过敏原（如 Der p 5 和 Blo t 5、Der p 21 和 Blo t 21、肌肽和精氨酸激酶）之间的伴随反应性对于改进诊断策略和为过敏个体制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要。
{"title":"Sensitization profiles to house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus molecular allergens in the Lithuanian population: Understanding allergic sensitization patterns","authors":"Gabija Biliute, Monika Miskinyte, Asta Miskiniene, Aukse Zinkeviciene, Violeta Kvedariene","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12332","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>House dust mite (HDM) allergy is a prevalent global health concern, with varying sensitization profiles observed across populations. We aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of molecular allergen sensitization patterns in the Lithuanian population, with a focus on <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> (Der p), and investigate patterns of concomitant reactivity among different allergens to enhance the accuracy of HDM allergy diagnostics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive analysis of 1520 patient test results in Lithuania from 2020 to 2022 was performed. Sensitization patterns to major (Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23) and minor (Der p 5, Der p 7, and Der p 21) Der p allergen components were described using molecular-based diagnostics. Additionally, we investigated sensitization to allergen components from other allergen sources, including tropomyosins (Der p 10, Per a 7, Pen m 1, Ani s 3, Blo t 10) and arginine kinases (Pen m 2, Bla g 9, Der p 20).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals a high prevalence of HDM sensitization in Lithuania - 481 individuals (45.38% of the sensitized group) exhibited sensitization to at least one Der p allergen component. Importantly, within the sensitized group, 37.21% of patients were sensitized to Der p 5, Der p 7, or Der p 21 in addition to major allergenic components. Distinct sensitization patterns were observed across different age groups, indicating the influence of age-related factors. Furthermore, we confirmed cross-reactivity between Der p 5 and Blo t 5 as well as between Der p 21 and Blo t 21, emphasizing the clinical relevance of these associations. We also highlighted the complexity of sensitization patterns among tropomyosins and arginine kinases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides valuable insights into HDM allergy sensitization profiles in Lithuania, emphasizing the importance of considering major and minor HDM allergen components for accurate diagnosis and management of HDM-related allergic diseases. Differences between populations and age-related factors impact sensitization patterns. Understanding concomitant reactivity among allergens, such as Der p 5 and Blo t 5, Der p 21 and Blo t 21, tropomyosins, and arginine kinases, is crucial for improving diagnostic strategies and developing targeted interventions for allergic individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is usually accompanied by mucin hypersecretion that can lead to mucus accumulation and impair nasal mucociliary clearance, thus exacerbating airway inflammation. Abnormal mucin hypersecretion is regulated by different T helper (Th) cytokines, which are associated with different endotype-driven inflammatory responses. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand how these factors regulate mucin hypersecretion to provide precise treatment strategies for different endotypes of CRS.
Body
Thus far, the most common endotypes of CRS are classified as type 1, type 2, or type 3 immune responses based on innate and adaptive cell-mediated effector immunity, and the representative Th cytokines in these immune responses, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-22, play an important regulatory role in mucin secretion. We reviewed all the related literature in the PubMed database to determine the expression of these Th cytokines in CRS and the role they play in the regulation of mucin secretion.
Conclusion
We believe that the main Th cytokines involved in specific endotypes of CRS play a key role in regulating abnormal mucin secretion, which contributes to better understanding of the pathogenesis of CRS and provides therapeutic targets for airway inflammatory diseases associated with mucin hypersecretion.
{"title":"Characteristics of mucin hypersecretion in different inflammatory patterns based on endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis","authors":"Zhaoxue Zhai, Liting Shao, Zhaoyang Lu, Yujuan Yang, Jianwei Wang, Zhen Liu, Huikang Wang, Yang Zheng, Haoran Lu, Xicheng Song, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12334","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12334","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is usually accompanied by mucin hypersecretion that can lead to mucus accumulation and impair nasal mucociliary clearance, thus exacerbating airway inflammation. Abnormal mucin hypersecretion is regulated by different T helper (Th) cytokines, which are associated with different endotype-driven inflammatory responses. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand how these factors regulate mucin hypersecretion to provide precise treatment strategies for different endotypes of CRS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Body</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thus far, the most common endotypes of CRS are classified as type 1, type 2, or type 3 immune responses based on innate and adaptive cell-mediated effector immunity, and the representative Th cytokines in these immune responses, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-22, play an important regulatory role in mucin secretion. We reviewed all the related literature in the PubMed database to determine the expression of these Th cytokines in CRS and the role they play in the regulation of mucin secretion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We believe that the main Th cytokines involved in specific endotypes of CRS play a key role in regulating abnormal mucin secretion, which contributes to better understanding of the pathogenesis of CRS and provides therapeutic targets for airway inflammatory diseases associated with mucin hypersecretion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12334","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139539987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, Jean Bousquet, Zouina Sarfraz, Azza Sarfraz, Monica Rodriguez Gonzales, Anna Bedbrook, Nelson Rosario, Benjamin Zepeda-Ortega, Guillermo Guidos, Ulbio Alcivar Molina, Miguel Felix, Emanuel Vanegas, Karla Robles-Velasco, Luc J. Zimmermann, Antonio W. D. Gavilanes
Introduction
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) improve patient-centered care and are routinely used in Allergic Rhinitis (AR), but patients' preferences and attitudes are unexplored. This study examines AR-related information preferences and ICT use by AR patients.
Methods
A survey-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Ecuador from July to September 2019 in seven centers of reference for allergic disease. Participants were 18 years or older, diagnosed with AR and had access to ICT and the Internet. Descriptive and binomial logistic regressions were performed. A value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
217 patients were included. 47% (n = 102) used ICTs to learn about AR, of which 38.2% (n = 83) found it useful. Most of participants (75%, n = 164) did not think that ICTs reduce their need to see a doctor. Individuals with poorer quality of life were more likely to utilize ICTs to contact their doctor (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55), and more likely to be interested in AR-related content (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.00–1.52). Patients with long-term AR or other allergies were less likely to use ICTs (OR 0.92 and OR 0.40 respectively). Higher education and lower quality of life may increase AR apps adoption (OR 4.82, 95% CI 1.11–21.00). Academic preparation five-fold increased ICT use for health provider communication (OR 5.29, 95% CI 1.18–23.72). Mild-persistent AR enhanced the probabilities of using ICTs to share experiences and communicate with other patients (OR 12.59, 95% CI 1.32–120.35).
Conclusions
Our study emphasizes the importance of tailoring digital resources to patient needs by considering factors such as quality of life, education, and specific subgroups within the AR patient population. Additionally, the findings suggest that while ICTs can play a valuable role in patient education and support, they should complement, rather than replace, traditional medical care for many AR patients.
导言：信息和通信技术（ICTs）可改善以患者为中心的护理，并已在过敏性鼻炎（AR）中得到常规应用，但患者的偏好和态度尚未得到研究。本研究探讨了过敏性鼻炎患者对与过敏性鼻炎相关的信息的偏好以及对 ICT 的使用情况。 方法 2019 年 7 月至 9 月，在厄瓜多尔的七个过敏性疾病参考中心开展了一项基于调查的横断面研究。参与者年满 18 周岁，确诊为 AR 患者，可使用 ICT 和互联网。研究进行了描述性和二项逻辑回归。小于 0.05 的值被视为具有统计学意义。 结果 共纳入 217 名患者。47%（n = 102）的患者使用信息和通信技术了解 AR，其中 38.2%（n = 83）的患者认为 AR 有用。大多数参与者（75%，n = 164）认为信息和通信技术不会减少他们看医生的需求。生活质量较差的人更有可能利用信息和通信技术联系医生（OR 1.27，95% CI 1.04-1.55），也更有可能对 AR 相关内容感兴趣（OR 1.23，95% CI 1.00-1.52）。长期患有 AR 或其他过敏症的患者不太可能使用信息和通信技术（OR 分别为 0.92 和 OR 0.40）。教育程度较高和生活质量较低的患者可能会更多地采用 AR 应用程序（OR 4.82，95% CI 1.11-21.00）。学业准备可将信息和通信技术的使用率提高五倍（OR 5.29，95% CI 1.18-23.72）。轻度持续性 AR 提高了使用信息和通信技术与其他患者分享经验和交流的概率（OR 12.59，95% CI 1.32-120.35）。 结论 我们的研究强调了通过考虑生活质量、教育程度和 AR 患者群体中的特定亚群等因素来定制符合患者需求的数字资源的重要性。此外，研究结果表明，虽然信息和通信技术在患者教育和支持方面可以发挥重要作用，但对于许多 AR 患者来说，它们应该是传统医疗护理的补充，而不是替代。
{"title":"Exploring the role of information and communication technologies in allergic rhinitis in specialist centers: Patient perspectives on usefulness, value, and impact on healthcare","authors":"Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, Jean Bousquet, Zouina Sarfraz, Azza Sarfraz, Monica Rodriguez Gonzales, Anna Bedbrook, Nelson Rosario, Benjamin Zepeda-Ortega, Guillermo Guidos, Ulbio Alcivar Molina, Miguel Felix, Emanuel Vanegas, Karla Robles-Velasco, Luc J. Zimmermann, Antonio W. D. Gavilanes","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12325","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Information and communication technologies (ICTs) improve patient-centered care and are routinely used in Allergic Rhinitis (AR), but patients' preferences and attitudes are unexplored. This study examines AR-related information preferences and ICT use by AR patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A survey-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Ecuador from July to September 2019 in seven centers of reference for allergic disease. Participants were 18 years or older, diagnosed with AR and had access to ICT and the Internet. Descriptive and binomial logistic regressions were performed. A value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>217 patients were included. 47% (<i>n</i> = 102) used ICTs to learn about AR, of which 38.2% (<i>n</i> = 83) found it useful. Most of participants (75%, <i>n</i> = 164) did not think that ICTs reduce their need to see a doctor. Individuals with poorer quality of life were more likely to utilize ICTs to contact their doctor (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55), and more likely to be interested in AR-related content (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.00–1.52). Patients with long-term AR or other allergies were less likely to use ICTs (OR 0.92 and OR 0.40 respectively). Higher education and lower quality of life may increase AR apps adoption (OR 4.82, 95% CI 1.11–21.00). Academic preparation five-fold increased ICT use for health provider communication (OR 5.29, 95% CI 1.18–23.72). Mild-persistent AR enhanced the probabilities of using ICTs to share experiences and communicate with other patients (OR 12.59, 95% CI 1.32–120.35).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study emphasizes the importance of tailoring digital resources to patient needs by considering factors such as quality of life, education, and specific subgroups within the AR patient population. Additionally, the findings suggest that while ICTs can play a valuable role in patient education and support, they should complement, rather than replace, traditional medical care for many AR patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acute asthma exacerbation in children is often caused by respiratory infections. In this study, a coordinated national surveillance system for acute asthma hospitalizations and causative respiratory infections was established. We herein report recent trends in pediatric acute asthma hospitalizations since the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.
Methods
Thirty-three sentinel hospitals in Japan registered all of their hospitalized pediatric asthma patients and their causal pathogens. The changes in acute asthma hospitalization in children before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and whether or not COVID-19 caused acute asthma exacerbation were investigated.
Results
From fiscal years 2010–2019, the median number of acute asthma hospitalizations per year was 3524 (2462–4570), but in fiscal years 2020, 2021, and 2022, the numbers were 820, 1,001, and 1,026, respectively (the fiscal year in Japan is April to March). This decrease was observed in all age groups with the exception of the 3- to 6-year group. SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated in 2094 patients from fiscal years 2020–2022, but the first positive case was not detected until February 2022. Since then, only 36 of them have been identified with SARS-CoV-2, none of which required mechanical ventilation. Influenza, RS virus, and human metapneumovirus infections also decreased in FY 2020. In contrast, 24% of patients had not been receiving long-term control medications before admission despite the severity of bronchial asthma.
Conclusion
SARS-CoV-2 was hardly detected in children with acute asthma hospitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic. This result indicated that SARS-CoV-2 did not induce acute asthma exacerbation in children. Rather, infection control measures implemented against the pandemic may have consequently reduced other respiratory virus infections and thus acute asthma hospitalizations during this period. However, the fact that many hospitalized patients have not been receiving appropriate long-term control medications is a major problem that should be addressed.
{"title":"Suppressed pediatric asthma hospitalizations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, from a national survey","authors":"Seigo Korematsu, Takao Fujisawa, Naruo Saito, Junichiro Tezuka, Katsushi Miura, Ichiro Kobayashi, Ippei Miyata, Yujiro Kosugi, Yuji Gohda, Yumi Koike, Ami Suda, Akiko Matsuo, Michiyo Sasaki, Yousuke Handa, Michimasa Fujiwara, Atsushi Ono, Shinya Koizumi, Taku Oishi, Takayuki Tanaka, Yusuke Ando, Naohiko Taba, Yuki Tsurinaga, Takeshi Sato, Rei Kanai, Masato Yashiro, Toshiyuki Takagi, Shinya Hida, Masashi Harazaki, Takayuki Hoshina, Seigo Okada, Motoko Yasutomi, Setsuko Nakata, Ayako Muto, Saori Tanabe, Yutaka Ueda, Shunji Hasegawa, Makoto Kameda, Keiko Tanaka-Taya, Tsuguto Fujimoto, Kenji Okada","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12330","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute asthma exacerbation in children is often caused by respiratory infections. In this study, a coordinated national surveillance system for acute asthma hospitalizations and causative respiratory infections was established. We herein report recent trends in pediatric acute asthma hospitalizations since the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-three sentinel hospitals in Japan registered all of their hospitalized pediatric asthma patients and their causal pathogens. The changes in acute asthma hospitalization in children before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and whether or not COVID-19 caused acute asthma exacerbation were investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From fiscal years 2010–2019, the median number of acute asthma hospitalizations per year was 3524 (2462–4570), but in fiscal years 2020, 2021, and 2022, the numbers were 820, 1,001, and 1,026, respectively (the fiscal year in Japan is April to March). This decrease was observed in all age groups with the exception of the 3- to 6-year group. SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated in 2094 patients from fiscal years 2020–2022, but the first positive case was not detected until February 2022. Since then, only 36 of them have been identified with SARS-CoV-2, none of which required mechanical ventilation. Influenza, RS virus, and human metapneumovirus infections also decreased in FY 2020. In contrast, 24% of patients had not been receiving long-term control medications before admission despite the severity of bronchial asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SARS-CoV-2 was hardly detected in children with acute asthma hospitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic. This result indicated that SARS-CoV-2 did not induce acute asthma exacerbation in children. Rather, infection control measures implemented against the pandemic may have consequently reduced other respiratory virus infections and thus acute asthma hospitalizations during this period. However, the fact that many hospitalized patients have not been receiving appropriate long-term control medications is a major problem that should be addressed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139494603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Twan Sia, Amanda Miller, Leeon Bacchus, Jennie Young, Aditya P. Narayan, Rachel Solecki, Jerry Fu, Yuting Jiang, Raisa Khuda, Stanley Liu, Kathleen Love, Shibani Mallik, Amina Sara Matmatte, Paige McDonald, Tanvi Telukunta, Alyssa Roby, Saad Shami, Michelle Zheng, Madison Headen, John Leung
<p>Dupilumab is a human monoclonal antibody against interleukin-4 receptor alpha subunit. Dupilumab is an approved treatment for inducing remission of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).<span><sup>1</sup></span> EoE histologic remission with dupilumab has only been demonstrated in patients after at least 12 weeks of treatment.<span><sup>2-6</sup></span> Current guidelines recommend waiting for histologic re-evaluation of EoE until after 20–24 weeks of dupilumab.<span><sup>1</sup></span> It is unknown if increasing dupilumab treatment length improves its efficacy. Because histologic re-evaluation of EoE requires invasive biopsies, and inducing remission of EoE is important to prevent progressive esophageal damage, research investigating the effects of dupilumab on EoE prior to 12 weeks of treatment is warranted.</p><p>We conducted a retrospective study at a single medical clinic. The electronic medical record was searched between 2017 and 2023 using International Classifications of Disease, 10th revision code K20.0 eosinophilic esophagitis. We excluded patients who had (1) never started dupilumab; (2) no histologic confirmation of EoE defined by ≥ 15 eos/hpf; or (3) no histologic re-evaluation of EoE while on dupilumab. Histologic evaluation of EoE assessed at least 2 biopsies each of the proximal, middle, and distal esophagus. Endpoints were peak eosinophil counts (eosinophils per high-power field; eos/hpf), EoE endoscopic reference scores (EREFS), and a composite symptom score in which each symptom (dysphagia, food impaction/choking, regurgitation/vomiting, heartburn/chest pain, and abdominal pain) was graded (0 = absent, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe) and summed. This study was deemed exempt from institutional review board approval by the WCG IRB.</p><p>From the electronic medical record, 658 patients with EoE were identified, of which 534 had never initiated dupilumab, 6 did not have histologic confirmation of EoE, and 39 did not have a repeat histologic evaluation after dupilumab initiation. Therefore, 79 patients were included in this study. The median age was 27.6 years (Q1 to Q3, 21.8–36.1), 48 patients (60.8%) were male, and 12 patients (15.2%) were pediatric (Table 1). Sixty patients (75.9%) had an atopic comorbidity, including allergic rhinitis (43 patients, 54.4%), asthma (27 patients, 34.2%), atopic dermatitis (13 patients, 16.5%), and food allergies (30 patients, 38.0%).</p><p>Patients were on dupilumab for median 22.7 weeks (Q1 to Q3, 16–26.7). Dosages included 300 mg every week (71 patients, 89.9%), 300 mg every other week with a loading dose of 600 mg for atopic dermatitis (7 patients, 8.9%), and 200 mg every other week with a loading dose of 400 mg for atopic dermatitis (1 patient, 1.3%).</p><p>Of 79 patients, 12 patients (15.2%) were on dupilumab for 0–12 weeks. Patients on dupilumab for 0–12 weeks had a median composite symptom score of 5.5 (Q1 to Q3, 4–6), which significantly decreased to 0 (Q1 to Q3, 0–1; Wilcoxon matche
{"title":"Dupilumab improves clinical and histologic features of eosinophilic esophagitis prior to 12 weeks of treatment","authors":"Twan Sia, Amanda Miller, Leeon Bacchus, Jennie Young, Aditya P. Narayan, Rachel Solecki, Jerry Fu, Yuting Jiang, Raisa Khuda, Stanley Liu, Kathleen Love, Shibani Mallik, Amina Sara Matmatte, Paige McDonald, Tanvi Telukunta, Alyssa Roby, Saad Shami, Michelle Zheng, Madison Headen, John Leung","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12333","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dupilumab is a human monoclonal antibody against interleukin-4 receptor alpha subunit. Dupilumab is an approved treatment for inducing remission of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).<span><sup>1</sup></span> EoE histologic remission with dupilumab has only been demonstrated in patients after at least 12 weeks of treatment.<span><sup>2-6</sup></span> Current guidelines recommend waiting for histologic re-evaluation of EoE until after 20–24 weeks of dupilumab.<span><sup>1</sup></span> It is unknown if increasing dupilumab treatment length improves its efficacy. Because histologic re-evaluation of EoE requires invasive biopsies, and inducing remission of EoE is important to prevent progressive esophageal damage, research investigating the effects of dupilumab on EoE prior to 12 weeks of treatment is warranted.</p><p>We conducted a retrospective study at a single medical clinic. The electronic medical record was searched between 2017 and 2023 using International Classifications of Disease, 10th revision code K20.0 eosinophilic esophagitis. We excluded patients who had (1) never started dupilumab; (2) no histologic confirmation of EoE defined by ≥ 15 eos/hpf; or (3) no histologic re-evaluation of EoE while on dupilumab. Histologic evaluation of EoE assessed at least 2 biopsies each of the proximal, middle, and distal esophagus. Endpoints were peak eosinophil counts (eosinophils per high-power field; eos/hpf), EoE endoscopic reference scores (EREFS), and a composite symptom score in which each symptom (dysphagia, food impaction/choking, regurgitation/vomiting, heartburn/chest pain, and abdominal pain) was graded (0 = absent, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe) and summed. This study was deemed exempt from institutional review board approval by the WCG IRB.</p><p>From the electronic medical record, 658 patients with EoE were identified, of which 534 had never initiated dupilumab, 6 did not have histologic confirmation of EoE, and 39 did not have a repeat histologic evaluation after dupilumab initiation. Therefore, 79 patients were included in this study. The median age was 27.6 years (Q1 to Q3, 21.8–36.1), 48 patients (60.8%) were male, and 12 patients (15.2%) were pediatric (Table 1). Sixty patients (75.9%) had an atopic comorbidity, including allergic rhinitis (43 patients, 54.4%), asthma (27 patients, 34.2%), atopic dermatitis (13 patients, 16.5%), and food allergies (30 patients, 38.0%).</p><p>Patients were on dupilumab for median 22.7 weeks (Q1 to Q3, 16–26.7). Dosages included 300 mg every week (71 patients, 89.9%), 300 mg every other week with a loading dose of 600 mg for atopic dermatitis (7 patients, 8.9%), and 200 mg every other week with a loading dose of 400 mg for atopic dermatitis (1 patient, 1.3%).</p><p>Of 79 patients, 12 patients (15.2%) were on dupilumab for 0–12 weeks. Patients on dupilumab for 0–12 weeks had a median composite symptom score of 5.5 (Q1 to Q3, 4–6), which significantly decreased to 0 (Q1 to Q3, 0–1; Wilcoxon matche","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12333","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139488369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline Nilsson, Andrea Vereda, Magnus P. Borres, Mats Andersson, Eva Södergren, Magnus Rudengren, Alex Smith, Reyna J. Simon, Robert Ryan, Montserrat Fernández-Rivas, Daniel Adelman, Brian P. Vickery
Background
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) to peanut and its components may influence the clinical reactivity to peanut. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is known for modifying both IgE and IgG4. Peanut oral immunotherapy may influence these serological parameters.
Methods
Exploratory analyses of serological data from participants receiving peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp (PTAH) and placebo in the double-blind, randomized, phase 3 PALISADE trial were conducted to evaluate potential relationships between peanut-specific and peanut component–specific (Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, Ara h 6, Ara h 8, and Ara h 9) IgE and IgG4 levels and clinical outcomes.
Results
A total of 269 participants (PTAH, n = 202; placebo, n = 67) were analyzed. No relationship was observed between specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum tolerated peanut protein dose during screening or response status during exit double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). In PTAH-treated participants, no relationship was observed between IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum symptom severity during exit DBPCFC. Postscreening ratios (ie, postscreening/screening) in the PTAH group were significant at the end of updosing and exit visit for most components. Postscreening changes in specific IgE levels were more pronounced with PTAH versus placebo for most components.
Conclusions
Specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening are not correlated with screening or exit DBPCFC results, and are not predictive of clinical response to PTAH. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp contains the relevant and immunodominant allergens, inducing immunological changes with the treatment.
Clinical Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02635776.
背景 花生及其成分的免疫球蛋白 E (IgE) 和免疫球蛋白 G4 (IgG4) 可能会影响对花生的临床反应性。已知过敏原特异性免疫疗法可改变 IgE 和 IgG4。花生口服免疫疗法可能会影响这些血清学参数。 方法 对双盲、随机、3 期 PALISADE 试验中接受花生（Arachis hypogaea）过敏原粉末-dnfp（PTAH）和安慰剂的参与者的血清学数据进行探索性分析，以评估花生特异性和花生成分特异性（Ara h 1、Ara h 2、Ara h 3、Ara h 6、Ara h 8 和 Ara h 9）IgE 和 IgG4 水平与临床结果之间的潜在关系。 结果 共分析了 269 名参与者（PTAH，n = 202；安慰剂，n = 67）。筛查时的特异性 IgE 和 IgG4 水平与筛查时的最大耐受花生蛋白剂量或退出双盲安慰剂对照食物挑战（DBPCFC）时的反应状态之间未发现任何关系。在接受过 PTAH 治疗的参与者中，筛查时的 IgE 和 IgG4 水平与退出 DBPCFC 时的最大症状严重程度之间未发现任何关系。PTAH 组的筛查后比率（即筛查后/筛查）在更新治疗结束时和退出访问时对大多数成分都有显著影响。就大多数成分而言，PTAH 组比安慰剂组特异性 IgE 水平的筛查后变化更明显。 结论 筛查时的特异性 IgE 和 IgG4 水平与筛查或出院时的 DBPCFC 结果无关，也不能预测对 PTAH 的临床反应。花生（Arachis hypogaea）过敏原粉末-dnfp含有相关的免疫优势过敏原，可通过治疗诱导免疫学变化。 临床试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov identifier：NCT02635776。
{"title":"Exploratory immunogenicity outcomes of peanut oral immunotherapy: Findings from the PALISADE trial","authors":"Caroline Nilsson, Andrea Vereda, Magnus P. Borres, Mats Andersson, Eva Södergren, Magnus Rudengren, Alex Smith, Reyna J. Simon, Robert Ryan, Montserrat Fernández-Rivas, Daniel Adelman, Brian P. Vickery","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12326","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) to peanut and its components may influence the clinical reactivity to peanut. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is known for modifying both IgE and IgG4. Peanut oral immunotherapy may influence these serological parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploratory analyses of serological data from participants receiving peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>) allergen powder-dnfp (PTAH) and placebo in the double-blind, randomized, phase 3 PALISADE trial were conducted to evaluate potential relationships between peanut-specific and peanut component–specific (Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, Ara h 6, Ara h 8, and Ara h 9) IgE and IgG4 levels and clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 269 participants (PTAH, <i>n</i> = 202; placebo, <i>n</i> = 67) were analyzed. No relationship was observed between specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum tolerated peanut protein dose during screening or response status during exit double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). In PTAH-treated participants, no relationship was observed between IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum symptom severity during exit DBPCFC. Postscreening ratios (ie, postscreening/screening) in the PTAH group were significant at the end of updosing and exit visit for most components. Postscreening changes in specific IgE levels were more pronounced with PTAH versus placebo for most components.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening are not correlated with screening or exit DBPCFC results, and are not predictive of clinical response to PTAH. Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>) allergen powder-dnfp contains the relevant and immunodominant allergens, inducing immunological changes with the treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02635776.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139488370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ewelina Harcęko-Zielińska, Marek Niedoszytko, Aleksandra Górska, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Marta Gruchała-Niedoszytko, Marek Bronk, Slawomir Dąbrowski, Marta Chełminska, Ewa Jassem
Background
Mastocytosis is a rare neoplastic disease of the bone marrow associated with the proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in various internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. There are few studies describing the gut microbiome of patients with mastocytosis using next generation sequencing supported using traditional culture methods. The aims of the study were, firstly, the determination of nutrition habits, composition of the intestinal microflora and BMI in mastocytosis, and secondly, analysis of mastocytosis severity and symptoms depending on the composition of the intestinal microflora.
Methods
The study included 47 patients with indolent systemic mastocytosis and 18 healthy controls. All participants gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The study consisted of 3 parts: I-clinical assessment, II - examination of the intestinal microflora using the biochemical method, III - 16S rRNA sequencing.
Results
The nutrition habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients were similar to controls; however, most patients with mastocytosis had a low dietary vitamin and mineral content. As many as 94.5% of patients had too little fiber intake and mineral content. The most common cause of the abnormal stool test result with traditional culture was a titer of E. coli <106. The low richness of microbiota species indicated by the Simpson index was observed in mastocytosis, p = 0.04. There were no significant differences in the composition of the intestinal microflora depending on the type of mastocytosis; however, the tryptase level correlated with the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, and Anaerostipes.
Conclusions
The nutritional habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients are similar to the general population, except for too little fiber intake and mineral content. The gastrointestinal symptoms of mastocytosis patients may be related to the low richness of microbiota species and the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, Anaerostipes, which correlated with tryptase levels.
{"title":"The influence of nutritional habits, body mass index and intestinal microbiota in mastocytosis on clinical symptoms using conventional culture and next generation sequencing","authors":"Ewelina Harcęko-Zielińska, Marek Niedoszytko, Aleksandra Górska, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Marta Gruchała-Niedoszytko, Marek Bronk, Slawomir Dąbrowski, Marta Chełminska, Ewa Jassem","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12310","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mastocytosis is a rare neoplastic disease of the bone marrow associated with the proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in various internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. There are few studies describing the gut microbiome of patients with mastocytosis using next generation sequencing supported using traditional culture methods. The aims of the study were, firstly, the determination of nutrition habits, composition of the intestinal microflora and BMI in mastocytosis, and secondly, analysis of mastocytosis severity and symptoms depending on the composition of the intestinal microflora.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 47 patients with indolent systemic mastocytosis and 18 healthy controls. All participants gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The study consisted of 3 parts: I-clinical assessment, II - examination of the intestinal microflora using the biochemical method, III - 16S rRNA sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The nutrition habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients were similar to controls; however, most patients with mastocytosis had a low dietary vitamin and mineral content. As many as 94.5% of patients had too little fiber intake and mineral content. The most common cause of the abnormal stool test result with traditional culture was a titer of <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> <10<sup>6</sup>. The low richness of microbiota species indicated by the Simpson index was observed in mastocytosis, <i>p</i> = 0.04. There were no significant differences in the composition of the intestinal microflora depending on the type of mastocytosis; however, the tryptase level correlated with the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, and Anaerostipes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The nutritional habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients are similar to the general population, except for too little fiber intake and mineral content. The gastrointestinal symptoms of mastocytosis patients may be related to the low richness of microbiota species and the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, Anaerostipes, which correlated with tryptase levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139436656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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