Clinical Endoscopy最新文献

Background: Prophylactic closure of mucosal defects after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse events. However, data on this notion are limited. This study retrospectively evaluated the effect of closure using a double-layered suturing technique on postoperative adverse events.

Methods: A total of 370 lesions in 317 patients who underwent colorectal ESD were included in this analysis. Patients with 197 lesions that were completely closed were then assigned to the closure group. Patients with 173 lesions, including 55 that were partially closed and 118 that were not closed, were assigned to the non-closure group. Propensity score matching was performed, and 136 lesions were selected for each group.

Results: The closure group had a significantly lower overall incidence rate of postoperative adverse events, including delayed bleeding, delayed perforation, and post-ESD electrocoagulation syndrome, than the non-closure group (2.2% vs. 9.6%, p=0.018). The closure group had a significantly lower incidence of abdominal pain on the day after ESD than the non-closure group (2.9% vs. 11.0%, p=0.015).

Conclusions: Prophylactic closure of mucosal defects after colorectal ESD using a double-layered suturing technique could prevent postoperative adverse events and abdominal pain on the day after ESD.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) improves the rate of curative resection and overall prognosis in patients with resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. The treatment period from the initiation of NAC to surgery typically ranges from 2 to 6 months. In cases of malignant biliary obstruction caused by pancreatic cancer, maintaining preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) until surgery is essential to continue NAC. Minimizing adverse events related to endoscopic biliary drainage and avoiding perioperative adverse events are crucial. Plastic stents (PSs) are commonly used for PBD; however, the extended duration of PBD required for NAC increases the risk of recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), potentially leading to discontinuation of NAC. Therefore, preventing RBO during PBD in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving NAC is important. The placement of self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) for PBD significantly reduces the rate of RBO compared with PS placement. Although SEMS placement may increase the risk of pancreatitis or cholecystitis, its effect on postoperative outcomes is comparable to that of PS placement. Given their lower rate of RBO, SEMSs are considered more suitable than PSs for PBD in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving NAC.

Background: Plastic stent placement is required when biliary stones cannot be completely removed during the initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Although double half-pigtail plastic stents (DHPs) help prevent stent migration, their clinical utility has not yet been evaluated.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from 221 patients who underwent DHP placement for acute calculous cholangitis (ACC) between January 2015 and March 2024. Patient without complete stone removal during initial ERCP were included. Clinical success, adverse events, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), and time to RBO (TRBO) were compared in 21 patients treated with straight plastic stents (STs) under similar conditions.

Results: Clinical success was achieved in 99% of patients in the DHP group and 95% of the ST group (p=0.13). Adverse event rates were comparable between groups. During follow-up, the DHP group had significantly lower stent occlusion (2% vs. 20%, p<0.01) and migration rates (4% vs. 15%, p=0.02), leading to a lower RBO rate (5% vs. 35%, p<0.01). The median TRBO was significantly longer in the DHP group (585 vs. 247 days, p<0.01).

Conclusions: DHPs had comparable efficacy to STs, with significantly fewer stent-related adverse events. This may be a potential option for biliary drainage in ACC.

Background: Given the limited head-to-head trials comparing the outcomes of pre-endoscopy erythromycin and metoclopramide for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), a network meta-analysis (NMA) and component NMA were conducted.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials comparing pre-endoscopy erythromycin or metoclopramide for UGIB with or without gastric lavage (GL) to placebo and/or GL. The primary outcome was the adequate visualization of the mucosa. The secondary outcomes were endoscopy visualization score, endoscopy duration, diagnosis established at initial endoscopy, second-look endoscopy, blood transfusions, mortality, and duration of hospitalization.

Results: A total of 16 studies (1,447 patients) were included. No significant differences were observed between erythromycin and metoclopramide in all the outcomes, but erythromycin had significantly better outcomes than the control group in terms of endoscopic visualization score (standardized mean difference, 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.91), adequate mucosal visualization (risk ratio, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.18-2.04), second-look endoscopy, transfusion requirements, and duration of hospitalization. Component network meta-analysis revealed that erythromycin, but not metoclopramide or GL, provided significantly better endoscopic visualization than the placebo.

Conclusions: Erythromycin should be considered before UGIB endoscopy. The current data do not support the use of metoclopramide or GL.