Clinical Endoscopy最新文献

Inflammatory bowel disease is classified into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis involves only the colon, whereas CD is characterized by small bowel involvement, which is a hallmark feature. However, the small bowel is the final frontier of endoscopic evaluation; therefore, small bowel involvement is considered a significant medical challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with CD. Endoscopic visualization and biopsy sampling of the small bowel are crucial for accurate diagnosis, effective monitoring, and management of complications of CD. Small bowel endoscopy enables the early detection of mucosal lesions, facilitates timely intervention for complications such as strictures or bleeding, and plays a critical role in reducing the need for surgical resection. Moreover, it enables targeted tissue acquisition and objective assessment of disease activity, both of which are crucial for optimal treatment planning and monitoring of therapeutic responses. Given these clinical advantages, small bowel endoscopy has become an indispensable tool in the comprehensive management of CD. This review summarizes the current role and evolving advances in small bowel endoscopy, with particular emphasis on its therapeutic applications-including enteroscopic balloon dilation, endoscopic hemostasis, and foreign body retrieval-and discusses future directions based on recent evidence and expert guidelines.

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is commonly performed worldwide and is the gold standard for most upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, particularly cancer. This review will use gastric cancer as an example to tackle how providers can improve the quality of endoscopy being delivered to reduce the missing rate, which may reach up to 10% of cases. In brief, endoscopists must consider pre-, intra-, and post-procedural attitudes to achieve this purpose. "Preparing or planning endoscopy," cancer as a possible diagnosis in all procedures should be thought. Fasting of patients and the use of mucosal cleaning solutions help ensure mucosal cleansing, while planned sedation increases comfort. During endoscopy, taking time for complete inspection and photodocumentation to assure completeness. Importantly, training and knowledge of cancer (superficial) endoscopic features, particularly using advanced imaging technologies, are of paramount importance, as they are regular post-endoscopy audits of practice that positively impact quality. Finally, human-machine interaction through artificial intelligence has been shown to improve photodocumentation, detection, and auditing, and it may well assure a more homogenous service, particularly among low-performing deliverers.

Colonoscopy is the primary tool for colorectal cancer screening. High-quality colonoscopy is crucial for the detection of precancerous adenomas; however, the adenoma detection rate varies depending on the skill and experience of the endoscopist. Computer-aided quality assessment (CAQ) uses artificial intelligence (AI) technology to evaluate the quality of colonoscopy examinations. It plays an important role in reducing variations in examination quality and obtaining high-quality colonoscopic images. In this review, we focus specifically on the speedometer, effective withdrawal time, fold examination quality, bowel preparation quality assessment, and cecal intubation with CAQ systems and discuss the role and effectiveness of these systems. CAQ systems are expected to contribute to increase in adenoma detection rates, improvement in endoscopist skills, and standardization of examination quality. However, challenges such as variability in AI performance across different clinical settings and potential overreliance on automated prompts remain key limitations.

Background: Screening colonoscopies often do not include terminal ileum assessment. In this study, we examined how often endoscopists assessed the terminal ileum during screening colonoscopy, how it influenced the procedure time and patient comfort, and whether it revealed pathological findings.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the screening colonoscopy examinations performed in our department between 2017 and 2021. We retrieved the procedure duration (minutes), patient age and sex, pain scale, and screening colonoscopy results.

Results: A total of 2,449 screening colonoscopy examinations were performed between 2017 and 2021. The patients were classified into one of two groups: the cecum reached or the terminal ileum intubated. These two groups did not significantly differ in sex or reported pain score, while the patients were significantly younger (55.2±6.5 vs. 56.2±6 years, p=0.015) and the colonoscopy duration was longer (22.8±9.8 vs. 18±10.5 min, p<0.001) in the terminal ileum group. Pathological conditions (nonspecific inflammatory lesions) in the small intestine were reported in 5/297 patients.

Conclusions: Small intestine intubation was associated with a significantly longer colonoscopy duration and revealed pathological conditions of no apparent clinical significance.