Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000339
Andrew Surro, Mohammed Al Tarhuni, S. Al-katib
NUT (nuclear protein in testis) carcinoma is a poorly differentiated aggressive subtype of squamous cell carcinoma. NUT carcinoma is characterized by genetic rearrangements involving the NUT gene, resulting in the formation of oncogenic fusion proteins, most commonly NUT-BRD4. Originally described as a thymic carcinoma with NUT gene rearrangement in children and young adults, NUT carcinoma has been shown to occur in adults in a variety of locations. It is typically seen as an aggressive large soft tissue mass infiltrating adjacent structures. Because of the aggressive nature of NUT carcinoma, patients typically present in late stages of the disease and rapidly succumb to the disease. There are no pathognomonic, radiologic, or histopathologic features, and therefore NUT carcinoma is diagnosed via molecular assay, including a commercially available immunohistochemical assay. Additional molecular assays can be performed to demonstrate NUTM1 rearrangement and also to identify the oncogenic fusion protein. With more recent widespread availability of these assays, the reported incidence of NUT carcinoma is expected to increase. Prognosis remains poor for those diagnosed with NUT carcinoma, as there is no proven effective treatment. Recent research into the oncogenic fusion proteins driven by NUT rearrangement and clinical trials with targeted inhibitors offer hope for future therapy.
{"title":"NUT Carcinoma Resulting in SVC Syndrome","authors":"Andrew Surro, Mohammed Al Tarhuni, S. Al-katib","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000339","url":null,"abstract":"NUT (nuclear protein in testis) carcinoma is a poorly differentiated aggressive subtype of squamous cell carcinoma. NUT carcinoma is characterized by genetic rearrangements involving the NUT gene, resulting in the formation of oncogenic fusion proteins, most commonly NUT-BRD4. Originally described as a thymic carcinoma with NUT gene rearrangement in children and young adults, NUT carcinoma has been shown to occur in adults in a variety of locations. It is typically seen as an aggressive large soft tissue mass infiltrating adjacent structures. Because of the aggressive nature of NUT carcinoma, patients typically present in late stages of the disease and rapidly succumb to the disease. There are no pathognomonic, radiologic, or histopathologic features, and therefore NUT carcinoma is diagnosed via molecular assay, including a commercially available immunohistochemical assay. Additional molecular assays can be performed to demonstrate NUTM1 rearrangement and also to identify the oncogenic fusion protein. With more recent widespread availability of these assays, the reported incidence of NUT carcinoma is expected to increase. Prognosis remains poor for those diagnosed with NUT carcinoma, as there is no proven effective treatment. Recent research into the oncogenic fusion proteins driven by NUT rearrangement and clinical trials with targeted inhibitors offer hope for future therapy.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"54 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000339","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45198288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000347
Mitsuhiro Tada, T. Kadowaki, Yusuke Tsubouchi, Emiko Nishikawa, S. Iwamoto, Kanako Kobayashi, M. Kimura, Toshikazu Ikeda, S. Yano
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is widely used for ventilatory support, but is not effective in some conditions, such as pneumothorax. Biphasic cuirass ventilation (BCV) is a form of negative pressure ventilation that uses an external cuirass-style ventilator to support both inspiration and expiration at various cycle rates and pressures. BCV theoretically provides ventilation in a more natural manner than positive pressure ventilation and lowers the risk of barotrauma by preventing an increase in airway pressure. The concurrent use of BCV and NPPV may increase tidal volume and decrease the PaCO2 level to a greater extent than NPPV alone without increasing airway pressure. Herein, we report on 2 patients with pneumothorax and insufficient NPPV in whom the concurrent use of BCV and lowintensity NPPV provided successful ventilatory support.
{"title":"Concurrent Use of Biphasic Cuirass Ventilation and Low-intensity Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation","authors":"Mitsuhiro Tada, T. Kadowaki, Yusuke Tsubouchi, Emiko Nishikawa, S. Iwamoto, Kanako Kobayashi, M. Kimura, Toshikazu Ikeda, S. Yano","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000347","url":null,"abstract":"Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is widely used for ventilatory support, but is not effective in some conditions, such as pneumothorax. Biphasic cuirass ventilation (BCV) is a form of negative pressure ventilation that uses an external cuirass-style ventilator to support both inspiration and expiration at various cycle rates and pressures. BCV theoretically provides ventilation in a more natural manner than positive pressure ventilation and lowers the risk of barotrauma by preventing an increase in airway pressure. The concurrent use of BCV and NPPV may increase tidal volume and decrease the PaCO2 level to a greater extent than NPPV alone without increasing airway pressure. Herein, we report on 2 patients with pneumothorax and insufficient NPPV in whom the concurrent use of BCV and lowintensity NPPV provided successful ventilatory support.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61657898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000345
K. Nada, G. Lombard, S. Nishi
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Guidelines for treatment in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with hyperinflation now include endobronchial lung volume reduction. Since December 2018, 2 valve systems have been Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved, which has generated widespread interest in this new therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment. Although the technical placement of the endobronchial valves is relatively straightforward, this paper focuses on the multidisciplinary approach to identification, evaluation, and follow-up in addition to procedural techniques for endoscopic lung volume reduction implementation.
{"title":"Endoscopic Lung Volume Reduction: Implementation and Practical Considerations","authors":"K. Nada, G. Lombard, S. Nishi","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000345","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Guidelines for treatment in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with hyperinflation now include endobronchial lung volume reduction. Since December 2018, 2 valve systems have been Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved, which has generated widespread interest in this new therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment. Although the technical placement of the endobronchial valves is relatively straightforward, this paper focuses on the multidisciplinary approach to identification, evaluation, and follow-up in addition to procedural techniques for endoscopic lung volume reduction implementation.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"21 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47673670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000336
Amish Shah, K. Durwas, Manju Paul
The term “mediastinum” refers to a tissue compartment that resides between the 2 lungs, posterior to the sternum, anterior to the spine, and extending from the thoracic inlet to the diaphragm. A great number of structures reside within this region, any of which can give rise to a wide variety of abnormalities. Lesions arising within the mediastinum often defy easy classification, owing to the complex anatomy of the region. By convention, the mediastinum is divided into 3 compartments: anterior (prevascular), middle (visceral), or posterior (paravertebral) compartments. Each compartment contains certain structures that may give rise to particular pathologies, and hence the compartmental approach for mediastinal lesion localization at imaging is often quite useful for generating differential diagnoses when abnormalities are encountered. Uncommonly, certain lesions arise within the mediastinum for which the histopathology cannot be predicted on the basis of localization of the lesion using the compartmental approach. In this case, a correct diagnosis may be considered if a particular clinical context or imaging characteristics are present that point to a single diagnosis, but, if such specific indicators are lacking, the correct diagnosis may only be established through invasive tissue sampling procedures.
{"title":"A Rare Cause for a Mediastinal Lesion","authors":"Amish Shah, K. Durwas, Manju Paul","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000336","url":null,"abstract":"The term “mediastinum” refers to a tissue compartment that resides between the 2 lungs, posterior to the sternum, anterior to the spine, and extending from the thoracic inlet to the diaphragm. A great number of structures reside within this region, any of which can give rise to a wide variety of abnormalities. Lesions arising within the mediastinum often defy easy classification, owing to the complex anatomy of the region. By convention, the mediastinum is divided into 3 compartments: anterior (prevascular), middle (visceral), or posterior (paravertebral) compartments. Each compartment contains certain structures that may give rise to particular pathologies, and hence the compartmental approach for mediastinal lesion localization at imaging is often quite useful for generating differential diagnoses when abnormalities are encountered. Uncommonly, certain lesions arise within the mediastinum for which the histopathology cannot be predicted on the basis of localization of the lesion using the compartmental approach. In this case, a correct diagnosis may be considered if a particular clinical context or imaging characteristics are present that point to a single diagnosis, but, if such specific indicators are lacking, the correct diagnosis may only be established through invasive tissue sampling procedures.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"33 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48118462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000341
E. Jirru, D. Zappetti
Synopsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that the use of prophylactic, long-term macrolides reduces the rate of acute exacerbations in patients with bronchiectasis. This is true across many subgroups including in patients with pseudomonal infection for which current guidelines do not recommend the use of macrolides. Source: Chalmers JD, Boersma W, Lonergan M, et al. Long term macrolide antibiotics for the treatment of bronchiectasis in adults: an individual participant data meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2019;7: 860–869.
{"title":"The Prophylactic Use of Macrolide Antibiotics to Prevent Acute Exacerbations in Bronchiectasis","authors":"E. Jirru, D. Zappetti","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000341","url":null,"abstract":"Synopsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that the use of prophylactic, long-term macrolides reduces the rate of acute exacerbations in patients with bronchiectasis. This is true across many subgroups including in patients with pseudomonal infection for which current guidelines do not recommend the use of macrolides. Source: Chalmers JD, Boersma W, Lonergan M, et al. Long term macrolide antibiotics for the treatment of bronchiectasis in adults: an individual participant data meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2019;7: 860–869.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61657839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000348
S. Ogake, C. Bellinger
Atelectasis is one of the most commonly encountered abnormalities in chest radiology and remains a daily diagnostic challenge. At times, atelectasis can be overlooked, particularly when pulmonary opacification is minimal or absent, and, at other times, it might be interpreted as being some other form of intrathoracic pathology, particularly pneumonia. Concern over prolonged atelectasis is that it may worsen hypoxemia through shunting and may predispose the patient to nosocomial pneumonia. Traditionally, the treatment of atelectasis has focused on suctioning with adjuncts such as chest physiotherapy, kinetic beds, therapy with mucolytic agents, mechanical vibration therapy delivered through hand-held devices, and vests. Bronchoscopy is typically reserved to be a last-ditch effort in the management of atelectasis.
{"title":"Role of Bronchoscopy in Atelectasis","authors":"S. Ogake, C. Bellinger","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000348","url":null,"abstract":"Atelectasis is one of the most commonly encountered abnormalities in chest radiology and remains a daily diagnostic challenge. At times, atelectasis can be overlooked, particularly when pulmonary opacification is minimal or absent, and, at other times, it might be interpreted as being some other form of intrathoracic pathology, particularly pneumonia. Concern over prolonged atelectasis is that it may worsen hypoxemia through shunting and may predispose the patient to nosocomial pneumonia. Traditionally, the treatment of atelectasis has focused on suctioning with adjuncts such as chest physiotherapy, kinetic beds, therapy with mucolytic agents, mechanical vibration therapy delivered through hand-held devices, and vests. Bronchoscopy is typically reserved to be a last-ditch effort in the management of atelectasis.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"30 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48811652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2020-01-10DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000343
Jacob Zeiler, Steven Idell, Scott Norwood, Alan Cook
Hemothorax is a collection of blood in the pleural cavity usually from traumatic injury. Chest X-ray has historically been the imaging modality of choice upon arrival to the hospital. The sensitivity and specificity of point-of-care ultrasound, specifically through the Extended Focal Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (eFAST) protocol has been significant enough to warrant inclusion in most Level 1 trauma centers as an adjunct to radiographs.1,2 If the size or severity of a hemothorax warrants intervention, tube thoracostomy has been and still remains the treatment of choice. Most cases of hemothorax will resolve with tube thoracostomy. If residual blood remains within the pleural cavity after tube thoracostomy, it is then considered to be a retained hemothorax, with significant risks for developing late complications such as empyema and fibrothorax. Once late complications occur, morbidity and mortality increase dramatically and the only definitive treatment is surgery. In order to avoid surgery, research has been focused on removing a retained hemothorax before it progresses pathologically. The most promising therapy consists of fibrinolytics which are infused into the pleural space, disrupting the hemothorax, allowing for further drainage. While significant progress has been made, additional trials are needed to further define the dosing and pharmacokinetics of fibrinolytics in this setting. If medical therapy and early procedures fail to resolve the retained hemothorax, surgery is usually indicated. Surgery historically consisted solely of thoracotomy, but has been largely replaced in non-emergent situations by video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS), a minimally invasive technique that shows considerable improvement in the patients' recovery and pain post-operatively. Should all prior attempts to resolve the hemothorax fail, then open thoracotomy may be indicated.
{"title":"Hemothorax: A Review of the Literature.","authors":"Jacob Zeiler, Steven Idell, Scott Norwood, Alan Cook","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemothorax is a collection of blood in the pleural cavity usually from traumatic injury. Chest X-ray has historically been the imaging modality of choice upon arrival to the hospital. The sensitivity and specificity of point-of-care ultrasound, specifically through the Extended Focal Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (eFAST) protocol has been significant enough to warrant inclusion in most Level 1 trauma centers as an adjunct to radiographs.<sup>1,2</sup> If the size or severity of a hemothorax warrants intervention, tube thoracostomy has been and still remains the treatment of choice. Most cases of hemothorax will resolve with tube thoracostomy. If residual blood remains within the pleural cavity after tube thoracostomy, it is then considered to be a retained hemothorax, with significant risks for developing late complications such as empyema and fibrothorax. Once late complications occur, morbidity and mortality increase dramatically and the only definitive treatment is surgery. In order to avoid surgery, research has been focused on removing a retained hemothorax before it progresses pathologically. The most promising therapy consists of fibrinolytics which are infused into the pleural space, disrupting the hemothorax, allowing for further drainage. While significant progress has been made, additional trials are needed to further define the dosing and pharmacokinetics of fibrinolytics in this setting. If medical therapy and early procedures fail to resolve the retained hemothorax, surgery is usually indicated. Surgery historically consisted solely of thoracotomy, but has been largely replaced in non-emergent situations by video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS), a minimally invasive technique that shows considerable improvement in the patients' recovery and pain post-operatively. Should all prior attempts to resolve the hemothorax fail, then open thoracotomy may be indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38812794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/CPM.0000000000000344
Joseph C. Keenan, E. Backer, R. Cho, H. E. Dincer
Airway complications following lung transplantation are common and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although there are multiple risk factors, anastomotic ischemia is the major factor for the development of airway complications. Most of the complications can be managed with bronchoscopic interventions. However, some may require surgical intervention even retransplantation. In recent years, a universally accepted definition and grading system have been published by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Common airway complications include anastomotic dehiscence, anastomotic infection, bronchomalacia, anastomotic stenosis, bronchial fistula, and granulation tissue formation. Although there is no accepted and standardized treatment for each airway complication, mainly due to lack of prospective and randomized studies, a number of various bronchoscopic interventions have been found to be effective. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology of airway complications and its management strategies are evolving, airway complications continue to be a challenging issue for surgeons, pulmonologists, and patients.
肺移植术后气道并发症是常见的，可能与显著的发病率和死亡率相关。虽然有多种危险因素，但吻合口缺血是气道并发症发生的主要因素。大多数并发症可通过支气管镜干预治疗。然而，有些可能需要手术干预甚至再移植。近年来，国际心肺移植学会(International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation, ISHLT)发布了一个被普遍接受的定义和分级系统。常见的气道并发症包括吻合口裂开、吻合口感染、支气管软化、吻合口狭窄、支气管瘘和肉芽组织形成。虽然由于缺乏前瞻性和随机研究，目前还没有针对每种气道并发症的公认和标准化的治疗方法，但已经发现多种支气管镜干预措施是有效的。尽管我们对气道并发症的病理生理学及其管理策略的理解正在不断发展，但气道并发症仍然是外科医生、肺科医生和患者面临的一个具有挑战性的问题。
{"title":"Large Airway Complications Following Lung Transplantation","authors":"Joseph C. Keenan, E. Backer, R. Cho, H. E. Dincer","doi":"10.1097/CPM.0000000000000344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000344","url":null,"abstract":"Airway complications following lung transplantation are common and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although there are multiple risk factors, anastomotic ischemia is the major factor for the development of airway complications. Most of the complications can be managed with bronchoscopic interventions. However, some may require surgical intervention even retransplantation. In recent years, a universally accepted definition and grading system have been published by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Common airway complications include anastomotic dehiscence, anastomotic infection, bronchomalacia, anastomotic stenosis, bronchial fistula, and granulation tissue formation. Although there is no accepted and standardized treatment for each airway complication, mainly due to lack of prospective and randomized studies, a number of various bronchoscopic interventions have been found to be effective. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology of airway complications and its management strategies are evolving, airway complications continue to be a challenging issue for surgeons, pulmonologists, and patients.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/CPM.0000000000000344","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61657887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/cpm.0000000000000342
E. Jirru, D. Zappetti
macrolides in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Infect Dis. 2015; 15:160–169. 4. Serisier DJ, Martin ML, McGuckin MA, et al. Effect of long-term, low-dose erythromycin on pulmonary exacerbations among patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: the BLESS randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2013;309:1260–1267. 5. Wong C, Jayaram L, Karalus N, et al. Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (EMBRACE): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;380: 660–667.
{"title":"Hope in Patients With Progressive Fibrosis Interstitial Lung Disease (PF-ILD)","authors":"E. Jirru, D. Zappetti","doi":"10.1097/cpm.0000000000000342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/cpm.0000000000000342","url":null,"abstract":"macrolides in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Infect Dis. 2015; 15:160–169. 4. Serisier DJ, Martin ML, McGuckin MA, et al. Effect of long-term, low-dose erythromycin on pulmonary exacerbations among patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: the BLESS randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2013;309:1260–1267. 5. Wong C, Jayaram L, Karalus N, et al. Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (EMBRACE): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;380: 660–667.","PeriodicalId":10393,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/cpm.0000000000000342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61657850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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