Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry最新文献

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the biomimetic effect of agarose hydrogel loaded with enamel matrix derivative (EMD-agarose) alone or in combination with nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA-EMD-agarose) on the remineralization of human demineralized enamel.

Methods: Extracted human mandibular third molars were sectioned into 54 buccal and lingual halves. Acid-resistant nail varnish was applied to each half, except for two enamel windows. Enamel surface microhardness, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were conducted to evaluate enamel surfaces at baseline, following demineralization with 37% phosphoric acid, and after each hydrogel application and remineralization for two, four, and six days. Remineralization was performed using a phosphate solution at 37°C.

Results: At day 6 following remineralization, a statistically significant higher mean microhardness was recorded in n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel (260.87 ± 3.52) as compared to EMD-agarose hydrogel (244.63 ± 2.76) (p = 0.027). Similarly, n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel showed a higher mean calcium (46.31 ± 2.78), phosphorous (24.92 ± 0.826), and fluoride (0.909 ± 0.053) weight percentage compared to EMD-agarose hydrogel calcium (19.64 ± 1.092), phosphorous (19.64 ± 1.092), and fluoride (0.7033 ± 0.0624) weight percentage (p < 0.05). Further, SEM analysis revealed a substantial deposition of n-HA following the application of the n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel, whereas the EMD-agarose exhibited a relatively smooth enamel surface with less visible enamel rods due to mineral deposition.

Conclusion: The combined n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel demonstrated improved surface microhardness of the remineralized enamel and enhanced mineral content deposition, indicating its potential as a biomimetic approach for dental enamel repair.

Objective: : Children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) have a higher rate of untreated caries and often progress to caries with pulpal involvement or odontogenic infections. This can be assessed using the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) index and the Pulp Ulcer Fistula Abscess (PUFA) index. Dental problems often have an impact on quality of life, so Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) assessment is needed for ID children.

Purpose: To identify and analyze the correlation between odontogenic infection, the total spectrum of caries, and OHRQoL in ID children.

Methods: : The subjects of the research were 70 ID children who attended Special Needs Schools (SNS) Type D of the Foundation for the Development of Disabled Children (FDDC). This research uses an analytical survey using questionnaires and interviews to assess OHRQoL. The sampling technique, namely Total Sampling, obtained 43 ID child subjects who met the inclusion criteria. The data were tested statistically using the Spearman Correlation non-parametric test and the t-test.

Results: : The average value of odontogenic infection in the population was 1.79, including in the poor category, and the total spectrum of dental caries was 51.16%, including severe morbidity. Multivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between odontogenic infection, total spectrum of caries, and OHRQoL; odontogenic infection with total dental caries spectrum was significantly associated with each p-value = 0.0000, while the correlation between OHRQoL and both odontogenic infection and total caries spectrum had p-values > 0.05, respectively, so it is considered not significant.

Conclusion: : Odontogenic infection in ID children is a poor category. The total spectrum of dental caries in ID children mostly includes severe morbidity. There is a correlation between odontogenic infections, the total spectrum of dental caries, and OHRQoL, as well as between odontogenic infections and the total spectrum of dental caries.

Purpose: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the knowledge and perceptions surrounding the use of fake snap-on veneers, as well as to evaluate the experiences of individuals who have used them.

Materials and methods: This study was conducted between October 2021 and January 2022. A questionnaire was distributed through social media platforms to individuals aged >18 years in Saudi Arabia, which assessed their personal and sociodemographic information and perceptions and experiences with fake snap-on veneers. The statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multiple logistic regressions.

Results: The study included 466 participants, with the majority being young adults, with an almost equal sex distribution. The study highlighted a general reluctance to use these veneers because of concerns about dental damage and esthetics. Women and younger individuals showed higher awareness, and regional variations indicated potential cultural influences on the perception of these dental devices. Most users experienced discomfort and did not recommend the fake snap-on veneers.

Conclusion: This study sheds light on a cautious approach toward fake snap-on veneers, despite their esthetic appeal. This underscores the need for strict regulations, public awareness campaigns, and ethical dental practices to ensure informed decision-making and safeguard dental health. The concept of an ideal smile has led to various cosmetic dental procedures. Snap-on veneers offer a pain-free and affordable solution, but fake versions raise concerns about discomfort, unrealistic results, and oral health issues. User complaints emphasize the need for strict regulations and public awareness campaigns to ensure informed decisions.

Background: The mandible, a key bone in the lower face, is prone to trauma. Although mandibular fractures are widely recognized as common and costly, there is a research gap on this topic in Afghanistan. This study explores the causes of lower jaw fractures and their link to demographic factors in the Afghan population.

Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 535 medical records from a Kabul tertiary hospital (March 2021 to March 2022) examined lower jaw fractures, patient demographics (age, sex), and injury causes. Statistical methods, including chi-square tests and Pearson's contingency coefficient, were employed to explore correlations between mandibular fractures and demographic factors.

Results: In this study, we analyzed 579 mandibular fractures in 535 patients, with road accidents (33.08%), falls (22.61%), and interpersonal conflicts being the leading causes. Most patients were aged 21-30, with single fractures being the most common (92.3%) and parasymphyseal fractures being the most prevalent (28.5%). Although certain fracture types were significantly correlated with age, no notable association was found between age and injury cause.

Conclusion: This study reveals that road accidents, falls, and interpersonal conflicts are the main causes of lower jaw fractures in Kabul, with the highest incidence in individuals aged 21-30. These findings highlight the necessity for targeted public health interventions, such as improved road safety campaigns and stricter traffic regulation enforcement, to lower injury rates. Incorporating these insights into clinical practice can also help healthcare providers more effectively manage lower jaw fractures in affected populations.

Introduction: Dental age estimation using third molars is a reliable method for estimating the age of individuals. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and neck has been found to be applicable for age estimation of third molar teeth. In the present study, we aimed to apply the Modified Demirjian method of age estimation to magnetic resonance (MR) image sections for dental age estimation by determining the mineralization patterns of the maxillary third molars.

Methods: MRI scans of the patients were performed using SIGNA™ 3.0Tesla MRI GE Healthcare (Chicago, USA) with a moving, multifunctional coil. Two expert radiologists with more than three years of experience independently analyzed the image sections using the open-source Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) viewer software. The age and sex of the patients whose images were included in the study were recorded using a specially designed proforma. The stage of development of the maxillary third molars was determined using the modified Demirjian method. Inter observer agreement was calculated using the intra class correlation coefficient. Simple linear regression analysis was used to predict the actual age at the third molar development stage.

Results: There was excellent agreement between observers (ICC =0.99 (95% CI = 0.98-0.99)). There was also a significant association between the maxillary third molar tooth development stage and chronological age of the individual (P=0.001; B=1.54; 95% CI = 0.71-2.37).

Discussion: The findings from the present study establish that the Modified Demirjian method can also be reliably applied for dental age assessment in MR sections.

Background/objective: Understanding the patterns and reasons behind the extraction of children's primary teeth is crucial for improving oral health outcomes. This retrospective investigation aimed to discern the patterns and factors contributing to primary tooth extraction among pediatric patients aged 3 to 5 years treated at the Pediatric Surgery Department of the National Curative and Specialized Stomatology Hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Materials and methods: Between January and May 2023, we conducted an extensive review of dental records, focusing on patients aged 3 to 5 years who had undergone primary tooth extraction. Data were collected on patients' age, gender, specif tooth extracted, and reasons for tooth extraction. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics version 25.

Results: Among 150 subjects reviewed, 53.3% were male. Primary first molars were the most commonly extracted teeth (29.3%). Dental caries was the leading cause of extraction (50%), followed by periodontitis (31.3%) and root resorption (18.7%). Mandibular extractions (58.6%) were more frequent than maxillary extractions (41.4%). No significant differences were found based on age or tooth type. Weak correlations were observed between specific tooth extractions, age, and etiology.

Conclusion: This study reveals a higher frequency of extractions in older children, primarily due to dental caries, periodontitis, and root resorption, with a slight male predominance. While no significant differences were noted in extraction patterns based on age or tooth type, understanding these trends is essential for improving pediatric dental care.

This integrative literature review evaluates the effectiveness of power toothbrushes (PTBs) compared to manual toothbrushes (MTBs) across various populations, focusing on plaque removal, gingival health, calculus reduction, and stain removal. PTBs equipped with advanced technologies such as oscillating-rotating and high-frequency sonic mechanisms have been examined for their potential to enhance oral hygiene. Special attention is given to vulnerable groups, including the elderly and individuals with intellectual disabilities, to assess how PTBs meet their specific oral health needs. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar using keywords such as "power toothbrush", "electric toothbrush", "manual toothbrush", "plaque removal", "gingivitis", "calculus", "dental stains", "oral hygiene", "elderly", and "intellectual disabilities". Studies published between 2000 and 2024 were selected based on their relevance to the PTB and MTB comparison, with an emphasis on outcomes related to oral hygiene efficacy. As this review is narrative rather than systematic, it focuses on synthesizing existing knowledge without applying strict inclusion or exclusion criteria. The results indicate that PTBs generally outperform MTBs in reducing plaque, gingivitis, and stains, though the benefits for special populations are less pronounced but still significant. However, practical issues such as user experience and mechanical reliability of PTBs warrant further investigation. In conclusion, this review enhances the understanding of PTB effectiveness, guides consumer choices, and informs future technological advancements in dental care practices.

Background: Whether there is a relationship between blood group and the likelihood of acquiring oral diseases. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential association between ABO blood groups and various dental conditions, including dental caries, gingivitis, malocclusion, and impacted teeth, in Saudi adults aged 18 years and older.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection included assessment of dental caries status using the decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed missing filled surfaces (DMFS) indices, evaluation of gingivitis using the Gingival Index, classification of malocclusion according to Angle's classification system, and recording the presence or absence of impacted teeth.

Results: The AB blood group had the significantly highest mean DMFS score (8.58±6.63), while the O blood group had the lowest mean DMFS score (6.37±4.43). Additionally, blood group O showed a slightly higher prevalence of gingivitis (51.92%) than the other blood groups. Blood group A demonstrated a higher prevalence of both Class II (34.2%) and Class III (19%) malocclusions, with statistically significant differences. Regarding impacted teeth, blood group AB (48.8%) had the highest occurrence.

Conclusion: There exists an association between oral disease and ABO blood group in Saudi adults. The results of this study indicate that individuals with specific blood types may be more prone to oral diseases, which can aid in the early diagnosis and prevention of these conditions.

Background: Mobile technology health application (mobile Apps) can assist people manage their health and wellness, encourage healthy lifestyles, and provide valuable information whenever necessary.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a mobile App for oral health education among adults in Rwanda.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 111 adult participants evaluated the acceptability and feasibility of the BrushDJ mobile App after using it for three months. At the end of this period, an online survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire consisting of questions on demographics, habitual oral health, assessing acceptability, and assessing the feasibility of the mobile App. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyse demographic characteristics, the feasibility and acceptability of the mobile App. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test was performed to detect significant associations amongst the variables.

Results: The response rate was 81% (n=90) of 111 participants who took part in the study, with the majority of participants 44.44% (n=40) aged between 18 and 27 years old. Just over half of the participants were male 51.11% (n=46). The mobile App was found to be highly acceptable (87.78%; n=79) and considered highly feasible (84.44%; n=76) by most of the participants. The differences in acceptability and feasibility across education levels were statistically significant (p=0.000 for acceptability and p=0.038 for feasibility).

Conclusion: The study revealed that the mobile App for oral health education (BrushDJ) was highly acceptable and feasible among the participants. The mobile App had a user-friendly interface and comprehensive guidance on oral hygiene procedures facilitated by its diverse and well-integrated functions.

Introduction: Root canal retreatment is carried out in cases where previous endodontic therapies failed and involves the removal of root canal filling materials, followed by cleaning, shaping, and obturating of the canals.

Aims: : The objective of this study was to collect information regarding attitudes, methods, and materials employed during the non-surgical endodontic retreatment (NSER) by general dentists working in Sousse Governorate, Tunisia.

Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 147 general dentists working in the Sousse Governorate, Tunisia, from May to November 2021. Data were collected by sending a structured questionnaire to the dental practitioners through email. All the data were analyzed by using the SPSS 10 computer software.

Results: A total of 96 dentists responded to this survey. The response rate was 63.5%, with a female predominance (53.2.3%). 81.2% of the respondents performed at least one non-surgical endodontic retreatment (NSER) weekly. Our study revealed that the mandibular first molar is the tooth that most often requires endodontic retreatment (83.5%). Half of the participants never used the rubber dam during this procedure. Moreover, the majority of respondents (61.9%) simultaneously used manual files and rotary nickel-titanium instruments for root canal desobturation. Most of the dentists (69.57%) systematically use solvents during root canal desobturation.

Conclusion: Our survey highlights that the majority of general dentists have adequate knowledge about endodontic retreatment. Nevertheless, dentists are yet to start the application of these newer strategies towards the management of endodontic failures.