Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995901
A. Akbari, Peter Werle, H. Borsi, E. Gockenbach
In this contribution, a new continuous parameter model for power transformers, which is based on the travelling wave theory is suggested. In this modeling approach a small partial length along the winding is considered and a continuous circuit model is used to describe the partial differential equation (PDE) of the coil structure. This equation determines the characteristics of the voltage wave propagation along the winding. The experimental procedure of the PDE parameter optimization using measurements, which have been performed in the laboratory, is presented. The suggested model has been used to calculate the sectional winding transfer functions, which are required for a PD localization. Furthermore the results of a PD evaluation on a distribution transformer based on the new suggested model are illustrated.
{"title":"A continuous parameter high frequency model based on travelling waves for transformer diagnostic purposes","authors":"A. Akbari, Peter Werle, H. Borsi, E. Gockenbach","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995901","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution, a new continuous parameter model for power transformers, which is based on the travelling wave theory is suggested. In this modeling approach a small partial length along the winding is considered and a continuous circuit model is used to describe the partial differential equation (PDE) of the coil structure. This equation determines the characteristics of the voltage wave propagation along the winding. The experimental procedure of the PDE parameter optimization using measurements, which have been performed in the laboratory, is presented. The suggested model has been used to calculate the sectional winding transfer functions, which are required for a PD localization. Furthermore the results of a PD evaluation on a distribution transformer based on the new suggested model are illustrated.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"43 1","pages":"154-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90885880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995960
P. Pilzecker, J. Baumbach
Despite the high reliability of modern gas insulated switch gear and substations (GIS), failures still occur in their long term operation. Some of these failures are preceded to small variations of gas compositions within the shielded compartments of a GIS. Thus the prediction of the gas quality within the compartment should be attainable on the basis of a sensitive analytical monitoring system, by sensing the insulating gas continuously. Such a monitoring system for GIS and SF/sub 6/-filled circuit breakers was realised on the basis of ion mobility spectrometers (IMS). Especially, partial discharge IMS provides power utilities a diagnostic tool able to perform on-site monitoring and event controlled inspections of the SF/sub 6/ gas. The results of on-site monitoring as well as on-line analysis of SF/sub 6/ contained in a circuit breaker of a GIS in Germany, before and after operation are described and the relation between switching and the remaining number of decomposition products in SF/sub 6/ is shown and discussed on the basis of the signal delivered by the PD-IMS used. Conclusions arising from investigations on different circuit breakers in different substations in Germany are presented. The details of some case studies are considered, indicating that a full recombination of decomposition products was not achieved in all cases. Results of investigations of different disconnecting switches in a substation in Germany are presented also. In a special case at one switch the prevention of a failure is presented. Finally, the structure of an automatic system for continuous on site sensing of SF/sub 6/-decomposition in a hydroelectric power plant in Brasil is discussed.
{"title":"Evaluation of gas insulated substations and circuit breakers using partial discharge - IMS","authors":"P. Pilzecker, J. Baumbach","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995960","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the high reliability of modern gas insulated switch gear and substations (GIS), failures still occur in their long term operation. Some of these failures are preceded to small variations of gas compositions within the shielded compartments of a GIS. Thus the prediction of the gas quality within the compartment should be attainable on the basis of a sensitive analytical monitoring system, by sensing the insulating gas continuously. Such a monitoring system for GIS and SF/sub 6/-filled circuit breakers was realised on the basis of ion mobility spectrometers (IMS). Especially, partial discharge IMS provides power utilities a diagnostic tool able to perform on-site monitoring and event controlled inspections of the SF/sub 6/ gas. The results of on-site monitoring as well as on-line analysis of SF/sub 6/ contained in a circuit breaker of a GIS in Germany, before and after operation are described and the relation between switching and the remaining number of decomposition products in SF/sub 6/ is shown and discussed on the basis of the signal delivered by the PD-IMS used. Conclusions arising from investigations on different circuit breakers in different substations in Germany are presented. The details of some case studies are considered, indicating that a full recombination of decomposition products was not achieved in all cases. Results of investigations of different disconnecting switches in a substation in Germany are presented also. In a special case at one switch the prevention of a failure is presented. Finally, the structure of an automatic system for continuous on site sensing of SF/sub 6/-decomposition in a hydroelectric power plant in Brasil is discussed.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"1 1","pages":"399-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79125459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995879
G. Hoff, H. Kranz
For a preventive maintenance and a more economical operation of polymer insulated cable networks a destruction free estimation of the status of laid PE/XLPE-cables is a basic need. This contribution presents a condition based maintenance concept with the IRC-Analysis applied on a part of the 20 kV-cable network of a major German utility. With this concept the distributor was able to reduce the amount of insulation failures-especially for cables manufactured before 1984. The general tendency of increasing faults was broken and a higher quality of energy supply was achieved.
{"title":"Condition based maintenance of PE/XLPE-insulated medium voltage cable networks-verification of the IRC-analysis to determine the cable age","authors":"G. Hoff, H. Kranz","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995879","url":null,"abstract":"For a preventive maintenance and a more economical operation of polymer insulated cable networks a destruction free estimation of the status of laid PE/XLPE-cables is a basic need. This contribution presents a condition based maintenance concept with the IRC-Analysis applied on a part of the 20 kV-cable network of a major German utility. With this concept the distributor was able to reduce the amount of insulation failures-especially for cables manufactured before 1984. The general tendency of increasing faults was broken and a higher quality of energy supply was achieved.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"4 1","pages":"53-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79951128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995938
A. Drachev, V. Pak, A. Gilman, A. Kuznetsov
The influence of low frequency glow discharge treatment on the dielectric properties of. PET film (loss angle and permittivity) was studied over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. It was shown that the treatment of PET film does not influence the loss angle in the interval of frequencies 100 Hz-3 MHz and at temperatures from 20/spl deg/C to 200/spl deg/C: The permittivity of the treated PET film does not change at low frequencies in. the region from 20/spl deg/C to 200/spl deg/C, but at high frequencies (500 kHz-3 MHz) an apparent increase in a value is observed.
{"title":"The influence of LF glow discharge treatment on the dielectric properties of PET film","authors":"A. Drachev, V. Pak, A. Gilman, A. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995938","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of low frequency glow discharge treatment on the dielectric properties of. PET film (loss angle and permittivity) was studied over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. It was shown that the treatment of PET film does not influence the loss angle in the interval of frequencies 100 Hz-3 MHz and at temperatures from 20/spl deg/C to 200/spl deg/C: The permittivity of the treated PET film does not change at low frequencies in. the region from 20/spl deg/C to 200/spl deg/C, but at high frequencies (500 kHz-3 MHz) an apparent increase in a value is observed.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"1 1","pages":"310-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76928000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995972
J.B. Kim, M.S. Kim, K. Park, W. Song, D.S. Kim, G. Kil
In this paper, we roughly describe the principles and structures for the sensor applications and diagnostic algorithm together with networking and monitoring system for GIS. Firstly, we describe the detailed specifications and the results of research, and then present the experimental results of the diagnostic algorithm for GIS. For the diagnosis of mechanical operation, we used auxiliary CT (current transformer) and auxiliary contacts as a sensor. Experiments were performed in general and extreme conditions to establish the standard values that can evaluate the condition of mechanical operation, and then standard values were established to prevent faults. Techniques that monitor leakage current of a zinc-oxide lightning arrester are described with results of laboratory test. Methods are also described to detect partial discharge and internal fault location, as well as to monitor gas pressure. Finally, the results of the application on 72.5 kV GIS and 170 kV GIS in real substations are presented.
{"title":"Development of monitoring and diagnostic system for SF/sub 6/ gas insulated switchgear","authors":"J.B. Kim, M.S. Kim, K. Park, W. Song, D.S. Kim, G. Kil","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995972","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we roughly describe the principles and structures for the sensor applications and diagnostic algorithm together with networking and monitoring system for GIS. Firstly, we describe the detailed specifications and the results of research, and then present the experimental results of the diagnostic algorithm for GIS. For the diagnosis of mechanical operation, we used auxiliary CT (current transformer) and auxiliary contacts as a sensor. Experiments were performed in general and extreme conditions to establish the standard values that can evaluate the condition of mechanical operation, and then standard values were established to prevent faults. Techniques that monitor leakage current of a zinc-oxide lightning arrester are described with results of laboratory test. Methods are also described to detect partial discharge and internal fault location, as well as to monitor gas pressure. Finally, the results of the application on 72.5 kV GIS and 170 kV GIS in real substations are presented.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"37 1","pages":"453-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84795913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995931
Z. Jia, Z. Guan
HV outdoor insulating systems such as line and station insulators, surge arresters and bushings, using silicone rubbers for external insulation have become very popular. Presently there are two forms of silicone rubbers that are widely used for outdoor HV insulation, namely, high temperature vulcanizing (HTV), used mainly as weather-sheds, and room temperature vulcanizing (RTV), used as a protective coating on a ceramic surface. The driving motivation for their increased use is the unique characteristic of hydrophobicity, which provides a high surface resistance, even in the presence of moisture and contamination, thereby suppressing the leakage current to low values. In this paper, the discharge phenomena along hydrophobic (with RTV coating) and hydrophilic (without RTV coating) surfaces observed with high-speed camera were studied. It is found that there was a clearly difference of discharge activity between along hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. The difference of discharge is explained by means of analyzing the waveforms of the leakage current and flashover voltage.
{"title":"The discharge along hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces","authors":"Z. Jia, Z. Guan","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995931","url":null,"abstract":"HV outdoor insulating systems such as line and station insulators, surge arresters and bushings, using silicone rubbers for external insulation have become very popular. Presently there are two forms of silicone rubbers that are widely used for outdoor HV insulation, namely, high temperature vulcanizing (HTV), used mainly as weather-sheds, and room temperature vulcanizing (RTV), used as a protective coating on a ceramic surface. The driving motivation for their increased use is the unique characteristic of hydrophobicity, which provides a high surface resistance, even in the presence of moisture and contamination, thereby suppressing the leakage current to low values. In this paper, the discharge phenomena along hydrophobic (with RTV coating) and hydrophilic (without RTV coating) surfaces observed with high-speed camera were studied. It is found that there was a clearly difference of discharge activity between along hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. The difference of discharge is explained by means of analyzing the waveforms of the leakage current and flashover voltage.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"32 1","pages":"280-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79708715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995883
M. Givelberg, I. Kviatkovsky, R. Zelichonok
The IEC 60840 Standard interprets after-installation test of HV extruded cable insulation as an elective one, which is performed by agreement between the purchaser and contractor. A serious discord exists among the electric utilities all over the world in their attitude to the test, starting with its total rejection and ending with usage of testing voltages and duration by far exceeding the proposed in the Standard. This paper discusses general approach to the test, its detecting, ability, limitations, and options.
{"title":"After-installation test of HV extruded cable insulation","authors":"M. Givelberg, I. Kviatkovsky, R. Zelichonok","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995883","url":null,"abstract":"The IEC 60840 Standard interprets after-installation test of HV extruded cable insulation as an elective one, which is performed by agreement between the purchaser and contractor. A serious discord exists among the electric utilities all over the world in their attitude to the test, starting with its total rejection and ending with usage of testing voltages and duration by far exceeding the proposed in the Standard. This paper discusses general approach to the test, its detecting, ability, limitations, and options.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"45 1","pages":"70-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72847305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995896
J. Crine
The major technical and scientific problems limiting the development and life of power cables from their design to their recycling are briefly reviewed. Several studies and tests are required in a vast domain including materials science, electrical and chemical engineering, chemistry and electrochemistry. Due to limited space, only the main challenges are discussed and it is hoped that this paper will encourage further discussion and many stimulating research projects.
{"title":"Future R&D needs and development for HV cables","authors":"J. Crine","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995896","url":null,"abstract":"The major technical and scientific problems limiting the development and life of power cables from their design to their recycling are briefly reviewed. Several studies and tests are required in a vast domain including materials science, electrical and chemical engineering, chemistry and electrochemistry. Due to limited space, only the main challenges are discussed and it is hoped that this paper will encourage further discussion and many stimulating research projects.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"59 1","pages":"124-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73574971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995959
M. Frechette, R. Larocque
Phenomenology of a discharge involving solid insulation (epoxy) was investigated. This experiment offered the possibility to compare with the situation when only gaseous insulation (air, SF/sub 6/) had been involved. Results showed clearly that situational discrimination, i.e. telling apart two discharge situations and/or distinguishing particular discharge features occurring at the interface between solid and gaseous insulation could be realized successfully using the present methodology.
{"title":"Partial discharge behavior at the interface between solid and gaseous insulation","authors":"M. Frechette, R. Larocque","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995959","url":null,"abstract":"Phenomenology of a discharge involving solid insulation (epoxy) was investigated. This experiment offered the possibility to compare with the situation when only gaseous insulation (air, SF/sub 6/) had been involved. Results showed clearly that situational discrimination, i.e. telling apart two discharge situations and/or distinguishing particular discharge features occurring at the interface between solid and gaseous insulation could be realized successfully using the present methodology.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"48 1","pages":"395-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73789567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-07DOI: 10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995979
S. Pélissou, S. St.-Antoine, R. Savage
This paper presents results on the impurity content of the insulation and shield of medium voltage extruded cables having a blocked strand material, before and after simulated field extreme thermal conditions. Cables are of the 15 and 28 kV class, with aluminum compact filled conductor, water tree retardant crosslinked polyethylene (WTRXLPE) insulated, extra-clean shields, and were made by three different cable manufacturers. Two cable conditioning were used: conductor inductive heating at 90/spl deg/C constant for more than 60 days, and then cycling up to 130/spl deg/C, 8 hours/ON and 16 hours/OFF, for 14 days. The impurity content measurements were performed by neutron activation analysis on ribbon samples peeled off the cables. The results indicate that the insulation and shields impurity contents are not much influenced by the presence of the block strand material in the cables after manufacturing and laboratory aging.
{"title":"Diffusion of blocked strand material in the insulation of extruded cables","authors":"S. Pélissou, S. St.-Antoine, R. Savage","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2002.995979","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results on the impurity content of the insulation and shield of medium voltage extruded cables having a blocked strand material, before and after simulated field extreme thermal conditions. Cables are of the 15 and 28 kV class, with aluminum compact filled conductor, water tree retardant crosslinked polyethylene (WTRXLPE) insulated, extra-clean shields, and were made by three different cable manufacturers. Two cable conditioning were used: conductor inductive heating at 90/spl deg/C constant for more than 60 days, and then cycling up to 130/spl deg/C, 8 hours/ON and 16 hours/OFF, for 14 days. The impurity content measurements were performed by neutron activation analysis on ribbon samples peeled off the cables. The results indicate that the insulation and shields impurity contents are not much influenced by the presence of the block strand material in the cables after manufacturing and laboratory aging.","PeriodicalId":10532,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.02CH37316)","volume":"7 1","pages":"481-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74404596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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