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2014 IEEE 33rd International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC)最新文献

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A combinatorial double auction mechanism for cloud resource group-buying 云资源团购的组合双拍卖机制
Zehao Sun, Zhenyu Zhu, Long Chen, Hongli Xu, Liusheng Huang
With the development of cloud computing, there is an increasing number of market-based mechanisms for cloud resource allocation. Inspired by the emerging group-buying Web sites, we advocate that group-buying can be applied to cloud resource allocation, and thus cloud providers can benefit from demand aggregation due to the advantage of group-buying in attracting customers, while cloud users can enjoy lower price. However, none of the existing allocation mechanisms is specifically designed for the scenario with group-buying, and it is a challenge for mechanism design to take full advantage of group-buying to maximize the total utility. In this paper, we fill this gap by proposing an innovative auction mechanism. The mechanism is designed based on a combinatorial double auction, in which the allocation algorithm and payment scheme are specifically designed to efficiently generate allocation and compute prices considering group-buying. We theoretically prove that the necessary economic properties in auction design, such as individual rationality, budget balance and truthfulness, are satisfied in our work. The experiments show that the proposed mechanism yields higher total utility, and has good scalability.
随着云计算的发展,基于市场的云资源配置机制越来越多。受新兴团购网站的启发,我们主张将团购应用于云资源配置,云提供商可以通过团购吸引客户的优势从需求聚合中获益,而云用户可以享受更低的价格。然而,现有的分配机制都不是专门针对团购场景设计的,如何充分利用团购的优势实现总效用最大化是机制设计的一个挑战。在本文中,我们通过提出一种创新的拍卖机制来填补这一空白。该机制设计基于组合双拍卖,其中分配算法和支付方案专门设计,以有效地产生分配和计算团购价格。从理论上证明,我们的工作满足了拍卖设计中个人理性、预算平衡、真实性等必要的经济属性。实验表明,该机制具有较高的总效用和良好的可扩展性。
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引用次数: 24
A new multi-objective microgrid restoration via semidefinite programming 一种基于半定规划的多目标微电网恢复方法
Liang Zhao, Wenzhan Song
This paper presents a new multi-objective microgrid reconfiguration problem formulation. Unlike existing distribution system or microgrid reconfiguration algorithms, we consider the effect of uncertainty arising from the renewable energy generation and investigate the tradeoff between the invented index measuring the reliability of reconfiguration and the total load served. The resulting optimization problem is computationally prohibitive due to the binary circuit breaker variables and the probability constraint accounting for the uncertainty of renewable generation. Nevertheless, a semidefinite programming (SDP) reformulation is developed based on convex relaxation techniques and the scenario-based approximation. Furthermore, weighted-sum method is applied in the reformulation and we eventually obtain the Pareto solution points of the microgrid reconfiguration. Numerical tests validate the intrinsic tradeoff between the two objectives and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution methodology.
提出了一种新的多目标微电网重构问题表述。与现有的配电系统或微电网重构算法不同,我们考虑了可再生能源发电产生的不确定性的影响,并研究了所发明的衡量重构可靠性的指标与所服务的总负荷之间的权衡。由于二元断路器变量和考虑可再生能源发电不确定性的概率约束,所得到的优化问题在计算上是禁止的。然而,基于凸松弛技术和基于场景的逼近,提出了一种半定规划(SDP)重构方法。在此基础上,采用加权和方法进行重构,最终得到微网重构的Pareto解点。数值测试验证了这两个目标之间的内在权衡,并证明了所提出的求解方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 7
WCET analysis of static NUCA caches 静态NUCA缓存的WCET分析
Yiqiang Ding, Wei Zhang
Large on-chip caches with uniform access time are inefficient to be used in multicore processors due to the increasing wire delays across the chip. The Non-Uniform Cache Architecture (NUCA) is proved to be effective to solve the problem of the increasing wire delays in multicore processors. For real-time systems that use multicore processors, it is crucial to bound the worst-case execution time (WCET) accurately and safely. In this paper, we develop a WCET analysis approach to consider the effects of static NUCA caches on WCET, and compare the WCET of the real-time applications in different topologies of the static NUCA caches. The experimental results demonstrate that the static NUCA cache can improve the worst-case performance of the real-time applications in the multicore processor as compared to the cache with uniform access time.
具有统一访问时间的大型片上缓存在多核处理器中使用效率低下,因为芯片上的导线延迟增加。事实证明,非统一缓存架构(NUCA)可以有效地解决多核处理器中不断增加的线延迟问题。对于使用多核处理器的实时系统,准确、安全地限定最坏情况执行时间(WCET)是至关重要的。在本文中,我们开发了一种WCET分析方法来考虑静态NUCA缓存对WCET的影响,并比较了静态NUCA缓存不同拓扑下实时应用的WCET。实验结果表明,与统一访问时间的缓存相比,静态NUCA缓存可以提高多核处理器实时应用的最坏情况性能。
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引用次数: 3
Joint power optimization through VM placement and flow scheduling in data centers 通过数据中心中的虚拟机放置和流调度进行联合功率优化
Dawei Li, Jie Wu, Zhiyong Liu, Fa Zhang
Two important components that consume the majority of IT power in data centers are the servers and the Data Center Network (DCN). Existing works fail to fully utilize power management techniques on the servers and in the DCN at the same time. In this paper, we jointly consider VM placement on servers with scalable frequencies and flow scheduling in the DCN, to minimize the overall system's power consumption. Due to the convex relation between a server's power consumption and its operating frequency, we prove that, given the number of servers to be used, computation workloads should be allocated to severs in a balanced way, to minimize the power consumption on servers. To reduce the power consumption of the DCN, we further consider the flow requirements among the VMs during VM allocation and assignment. Also, after VM placement, flow consolidation is conducted to reduce the number of active switches and ports. We notice that, choosing the minimum number of servers to accommodate the VMs may result in high power consumption on servers, due to servers' increased operating frequencies. Choosing the optimal number of servers purely based on servers' power consumption leads to reduced power consumption on servers, but may increase power consumption of the DCN. We propose to choose the optimal number of servers to be used, based on the overall system's power consumption. Simulations show that, our joint power optimization method helps to reduce the overall power consumption significantly, and outperforms various existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of reducing the overall system's power consumption.
在数据中心中消耗大部分IT电力的两个重要组件是服务器和数据中心网络(DCN)。现有的工作不能同时在服务器和DCN上充分利用电源管理技术。在本文中,我们共同考虑了虚拟机在DCN中具有可扩展频率和流调度的服务器上的放置,以最小化整个系统的功耗。由于服务器的功耗与其工作频率之间存在凸关系,我们证明了在给定服务器数量的情况下,计算工作负载应该均衡地分配给服务器,以最大限度地减少服务器的功耗。为了降低DCN的功耗,我们在分配和分配虚拟机时进一步考虑了虚拟机之间的流量需求。此外,在虚拟机放置后,进行流量整合,以减少活动交换机和端口的数量。我们注意到,选择最小数量的服务器来容纳虚拟机可能会导致服务器上的高功耗,因为服务器的工作频率增加了。单纯根据服务器的功耗选择最优的服务器数量,可以降低服务器的功耗,但可能会增加DCN的功耗。我们建议根据整个系统的功耗来选择要使用的最优服务器数量。仿真表明,我们的联合功耗优化方法有助于显著降低整体功耗,并且在降低整体系统功耗方面优于现有的各种最先进的方法。
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引用次数: 10
The automatic configuration of transmit power in LTE networks based on throughput estimation 基于吞吐量估计的LTE网络发射功率自动配置
Mariusz Słabicki, K. Grochla
We present an optimization method for automatic selection of downlink transmit power of LTE eNodeB based on the estimated throughput of the network. The procedures provide self optimized network functions to minimize the inter-cell interferences and maximizing the radio resource utilization. We propose a method based on the expected link throughput based on uniform client spatial distribution and compare our approach with solution based on SINR. We show simulation results that prove that the proposed method gives higher average link rate per client and higher total network throughput than optimization methods shown in the literature.
提出了一种基于网络估计吞吐量的LTE eNodeB下行传输功率自动选择的优化方法。该程序提供自优化的网络功能,最大限度地减少小区间干扰,最大限度地提高无线电资源利用率。我们提出了一种基于统一客户端空间分布的期望链路吞吐量的方法,并将该方法与基于SINR的解决方案进行了比较。我们展示的仿真结果证明,与文献中显示的优化方法相比,所提出的方法具有更高的每个客户端的平均链路速率和更高的总网络吞吐量。
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引用次数: 3
Achieving transparent coexistence in a multi-hop secondary network through distributed computation 通过分布式计算实现多跳辅助网络的透明共存
Xu Yuan, Yi Shi, Yiwei Thomas Hou, W. Lou, S. Midkiff, S. Kompella
Transparent coexistence, also known as underlay, offers much more efficient spectrum sharing than traditional interweave coexistence paradigm. In a previous work, the transparent coexistence for a multi-hop secondary networks is studied. In this paper, we design a distributed solution to achieve this paradigm. In our design, we show how to increase the number of data streams iteratively while meeting constraints in the MIMO interference cancelation (IC) model and achieving transparent coexistence. All steps in our distributed algorithm can be accomplished based on local information exchange among the neighboring nodes. Our simulation results show that the performance of our distributed algorithm is highly competitive when compared to an upper bound solution for the centralized problem.
透明共存,也被称为底层,提供比传统的交织共存模式更有效的频谱共享。在前人的工作中,研究了多跳辅助网络的透明共存。在本文中,我们设计了一个分布式解决方案来实现这一范式。在我们的设计中,我们展示了如何迭代地增加数据流的数量,同时满足MIMO干扰消除(IC)模型中的约束并实现透明共存。分布式算法中的所有步骤都可以通过相邻节点之间的本地信息交换来完成。我们的仿真结果表明,与集中式问题的上界解相比,我们的分布式算法的性能具有很强的竞争力。
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引用次数: 2
Low-latency last-level cache structure based on grouped cores in Chip Multi-Processor 芯片多处理器中基于分组核的低延迟末级缓存结构
Jinbo Xu, Weixia Xu, Kefei Wang, Zhengbin Pang
Last-Level Cache (LLC) plays an important role in Chip Multi-Processor (CMP). The objective of this work is to optimize the structure and management strategy of LLC. Based on 8-core CMP, a LLC structure based on grouped cores is proposed, where 8 cores are divided into 4 groups. All LLC resources are classified into three types, which are fixed private cache, dynamic private cache and dynamic shared cache. The layout of the LLC structure and the corresponding dynamic partitioning strategy are designed to achieve low access latency and high efficiency. Experimental results on full-system simulator suggest that the proposed structure and method are able to reduce the access latency by 2% to 12% compared with previous works, such as tiled structure, cache-centered structure and core-centered structure. Consequently, performance measured by IPC is improved up to 7%. The contribution of this paper is useful for CMP performance, and applies to not only 8-core CMP but also all small-scale CMPs.
最后一级缓存(LLC)在芯片多处理器(CMP)中起着重要的作用。本文以优化LLC结构和管理策略为目标,在8核CMP的基础上,提出了一种基于分组核的LLC结构,将8核划分为4组。所有LLC资源分为三种类型:固定私有缓存、动态私有缓存和动态共享缓存。设计了LLC结构的布局和相应的动态分区策略,以实现低访问延迟和高效率。在全系统模拟器上的实验结果表明,与以往的平铺结构、以缓存为中心的结构和以核心为中心的结构相比,所提出的结构和方法能够将访问延迟降低2% ~ 12%。因此,IPC测量的性能提高了7%。本文的研究成果不仅适用于8核CMP,而且适用于所有小型CMP。
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引用次数: 0
Randomized routing in multi-party internet video conferencing 多方网络视频会议中的随机路由
Yousuk Seung, Quan Leng, Wei Dong, L. Qiu, Yin Zhang
Despite significant advances, supporting high-quality large video conferences at a low cost remains a significant challenge due to stringent performance requirements, limited and heterogeneous client resources, and dynamic traffic demands. In this paper, we develop a simple yet effective valiant multicast routing to select application-layer routes and adapt streaming rates according to the current network condition. It consists of four novel components: (i) a valiant multicast routing using two random choices to effectively balance the load in the presence of uncertainty about the clients' load, (ii) a scheme to cluster clients based on their delay and adapt valiant multicast routing based on both upload capacity and locality, (iii) an approach to further leverage resources from other peers or nodes in content distribution network (CDN) to enhance performance, and (iv) a simple distributed scheme to adapt streaming rates according to the current network resources. Our real implementation and experiments show that our approach significantly out-performs existing multicast routing schemes and quickly adapts to changing traffic demands and network conditions.
尽管取得了重大进展,但由于严格的性能要求、有限且异构的客户端资源以及动态的流量需求,以低成本支持高质量的大型视频会议仍然是一个重大挑战。本文提出了一种简单有效的多播路由方法,可以根据当前的网络状况选择应用层路由并调整流速率。它由四个新颖的部分组成:(i)在客户端负载不确定的情况下,使用两个随机选择有效地平衡负载的多播路由;(ii)基于客户端的延迟对客户端进行集群,并根据上传容量和局域性调整多播路由的方案;(iii)进一步利用内容分发网络(CDN)中其他对等节点或节点的资源来提高性能的方法。(iv)一种简单的分布式方案,根据当前的网络资源来调整流速率。实际实现和实验表明,该方法明显优于现有的组播路由方案,并能快速适应不断变化的流量需求和网络条件。
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引用次数: 1
Shaping HTTP adaptive streams using receive window tuning method in home gateway 在家庭网关中使用接收窗口调优方法对HTTP自适应流进行整形
C. Ameur, Emmanuel Mory, Bernard A. Cousin
In this paper, we describe a new method, called RWTM (Receive Window Tuning Method) that shapes HTTP adaptive streams. It employs the flow control in the gateway to improve the quality of experience (QoE) of users. Our use case is when two HTTP Adaptive streaming clients are competing for bandwidth in the same home network. Results show that our proposed method considerably improves the QoE; it improves the video stability, the fidelity to optimal video quality level selection and the convergence speed to the optimal video quality level.
在本文中,我们描述了一种新的方法,称为RWTM(接收窗口调优方法),它可以形成HTTP自适应流。它采用网关内的流量控制来提高用户的体验质量。我们的用例是当两个HTTP自适应流客户端在同一个家庭网络中竞争带宽时。结果表明,该方法显著提高了QoE;它提高了视频的稳定性、对最佳视频质量等级选择的保真度和对最佳视频质量等级的收敛速度。
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引用次数: 7
An encryption and probability based access control model for named data networking 一种基于加密和概率的命名数据网络访问控制模型
Tao Chen, Kai Lei, Kuai Xu
The new named data networking (NDN) has shifted the Internet from today's IP-based packet-delivery model to the name-based data retrieval model. The architecture shift from IP addresses to named data results in effective content delivery via in-networking cache and direct object retrieval. However, this shift has also created challenges and obstacles for securing data objects and providing appropriate access control on named data due to broad data replications and the loss of network perimeters. This paper designs, implements, and evaluates an encryption and probability based access control model for NDN with video streaming service as a case study. In particularly, we explore a combination of public-key cryptography and symmetric ciphers to encrypt video data for preventing unauthorized access. In addition, we build a bloom-filter probabilistic data structure for pre-filtering Interests from consumers without desired credentials. Our experimental results have demonstrated the capabilities of the proposed model for providing access control while incurring low system and performance overhead on producers and consumers.
新的命名数据网络(NDN)将Internet从今天的基于ip的分组传递模型转变为基于名称的数据检索模型。从IP地址到命名数据的架构转换通过网络内缓存和直接对象检索实现了有效的内容传递。然而,由于广泛的数据复制和网络边界的丢失,这种转变也为保护数据对象和对指定数据提供适当的访问控制带来了挑战和障碍。本文以视频流服务为例,设计、实现并评估了一种基于加密和概率的NDN访问控制模型。特别是,我们探索了公钥加密和对称密码的组合来加密视频数据,以防止未经授权的访问。此外,我们构建了一个bloom-filter概率数据结构,用于从没有所需凭据的消费者中预过滤兴趣。我们的实验结果证明了所提出的模型在提供访问控制的同时对生产者和消费者产生较低的系统和性能开销的能力。
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引用次数: 31
期刊
2014 IEEE 33rd International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC)
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