Non-hibernating hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius) construct nests in shrub and tree vegetation up to 10 m above the ground. They also readily use and build nests in boxes, which are often used as a tool to monitor populations. The availability of natural nest materials may affect nest site selection or nest box utilisation and to gain a better understanding of this we analysed the materials used in 56 dormouse nests, collected from boxes within six southern English woodlands in 2009, and estimated collection distances. The contribution individual nest materials made to the nests were assessed using dry weights. Out of 56 nests, 15 (26.8%) did not include any material from the plant species to which the nest box was attached. The total number of materials used was 18, with between one and eight materials used per nest (n=56, ̅= 3.54, SD=1.48). The estimated distances travelled to collect these materials ranged from 0 m to 50 m (n=197, ̅=3.29 m, SD=6.06). Dry weights of individual nests ranged from 4.25g to 38.01g (n=56, ̅=18.06 g, SD=8.25 g). The dry weight of an individual material in a nest ranged from 0.25 g (11 different materials) to 30.5 g (honeysuckle bark) (n=197 ̅=4.38 g, SD=5.13 g). Based on dry weight, the percentage contribution of a single material to an individual nest ranged from 0.8% (silver birch leaves) to 96.2% (honeysuckle bark) (n=197, ̅=24.91%, SD=26.37). There were statistically significant negative correlations between the distance travelled and the dry weight of a material (n=197, rs = -0.211, p=0.003), and the distance travelled and the percentage nest weight of a material (n=197, rs = -0.259, p=<0.001), although neither of these associations were particularly informative biologically. Where honeysuckle bark (Lonicera periclymenum) was not closely available, dormice could travel more than twice as far to collect it as any other material. The three furthest distances recorded were 30 m, 45 m and 50 m. Honeysuckle bark was also the most frequently used nest material, occurring in 84% of the sampled nests, and was most often the material comprising the largest dry weight (35.7%). The dry weight and the % of total nest weight of honeysuckle bark were significantly greater than other materials.
{"title":"Hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) nest material preferences and collection distances, in southern England","authors":"M. Bracewell, Nick C. Downs","doi":"10.59922/xxit4374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/xxit4374","url":null,"abstract":"Non-hibernating hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius) construct nests in shrub and tree vegetation up to 10 m above the ground. They also readily use and build nests in boxes, which are often used as a tool to monitor populations. The availability of natural nest materials may affect nest site selection or nest box utilisation and to gain a better understanding of this we analysed the materials used in 56 dormouse nests, collected from boxes within six southern English woodlands in 2009, and estimated collection distances. The contribution individual nest materials made to the nests were assessed using dry weights. Out of 56 nests, 15 (26.8%) did not include any material from the plant species to which the nest box was attached. The total number of materials used was 18, with between one and eight materials used per nest (n=56, ̅= 3.54, SD=1.48). The estimated distances travelled to collect these materials ranged from 0 m to 50 m (n=197, ̅=3.29 m, SD=6.06). Dry weights of individual nests ranged from 4.25g to 38.01g (n=56, ̅=18.06 g, SD=8.25 g). The dry weight of an individual material in a nest ranged from 0.25 g (11 different materials) to 30.5 g (honeysuckle bark) (n=197 ̅=4.38 g, SD=5.13 g). Based on dry weight, the percentage contribution of a single material to an individual nest ranged from 0.8% (silver birch leaves) to 96.2% (honeysuckle bark) (n=197, ̅=24.91%, SD=26.37). There were statistically significant negative correlations between the distance travelled and the dry weight of a material (n=197, rs = -0.211, p=0.003), and the distance travelled and the percentage nest weight of a material (n=197, rs = -0.259, p=<0.001), although neither of these associations were particularly informative biologically. Where honeysuckle bark (Lonicera periclymenum) was not closely available, dormice could travel more than twice as far to collect it as any other material. The three furthest distances recorded were 30 m, 45 m and 50 m. Honeysuckle bark was also the most frequently used nest material, occurring in 84% of the sampled nests, and was most often the material comprising the largest dry weight (35.7%). The dry weight and the % of total nest weight of honeysuckle bark were significantly greater than other materials.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130965199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Chanin, C. O’Reilly, P. Turner, L. Kerslake, J. Birks, Michael W. Woods
The common dormouse is primarily herbivorous, specialising in high quality food. Insects have also been recorded in the diet, identified from their fragmented remains in faeces. We investigated the use of ‘DNA barcoding’ using mitochondrial DNA as an alternative. Samples were collected from seven sites in England. Half of the 26 samples contained insect DNA, from four species of Lepidoptera and one Dipteran. We conclude that this is a practical approach to investigating dormouse predation on insects and discuss its limitations.
{"title":"Insects in the diet of the hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius): a pilot study using DNA barcoding","authors":"P. Chanin, C. O’Reilly, P. Turner, L. Kerslake, J. Birks, Michael W. Woods","doi":"10.59922/ilzu1840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/ilzu1840","url":null,"abstract":"The common dormouse is primarily herbivorous, specialising in high quality food. Insects have also been recorded in the diet, identified from their fragmented remains in faeces. We investigated the use of ‘DNA barcoding’ using mitochondrial DNA as an alternative. Samples were collected from seven sites in England. Half of the 26 samples contained insect DNA, from four species of Lepidoptera and one Dipteran. We conclude that this is a practical approach to investigating dormouse predation on insects and discuss its limitations.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126935445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adam F. Smith, Colin Brock, Kimberly Conteddu, Clíodhna Hynes, K. Murphy, S. Ciuti
Systematic camera trap surveys are important for gathering information on terrestrial wildlife. Such surveys reveal distributions, abundances, and behaviours that can inform conservation and wildlife management by providing evidence of animal presence at known locations and times. However, in Ireland, international-standard camera trap surveys have not been undertaken to inform the management of large terrestrial wildlife. Through participation in a continent-wide initiative (Snapshot Europe) with a shared methodology, we undertook Ireland’s first systematic camera trap survey for large mammals over a two-month period in 2021 in a known deer “hotspot” - central Wicklow, Ireland. We captured eight wild mammal species from 19 forest camera trap sites. Sika (Cervus nippon) or sika-red deer hybrids (Cervus nippon × Cervuselaphus) were detected at all sites and comprised 92% of all independent camera trap events of wild mammals. Sika (and hybrid) events occurred at an average rate of 1.1 events per site per day. Females were more often detected than males (male:female = 1:1.42). We also noted that most females were not accompanied by juveniles (female:juvenile = 1:0.31). Overall, we demonstrate the efficacy of even this exploratory survey for revealing wildlife dynamics and generating data for science-informed management and conservation. We recommend that further surveys should be carried out across Ireland to achieve minimum international standards for monitoring terrestrial wildlife.
{"title":"Camera trap surveys can reveal the dynamics of deer “hotspots” in Ireland.","authors":"Adam F. Smith, Colin Brock, Kimberly Conteddu, Clíodhna Hynes, K. Murphy, S. Ciuti","doi":"10.59922/dcoz3312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/dcoz3312","url":null,"abstract":"Systematic camera trap surveys are important for gathering information on terrestrial wildlife. Such surveys reveal distributions, abundances, and behaviours that can inform conservation and wildlife management by providing evidence of animal presence at known locations and times. However, in Ireland, international-standard camera trap surveys have not been undertaken to inform the management of large terrestrial wildlife. Through participation in a continent-wide initiative (Snapshot Europe) with a shared methodology, we undertook Ireland’s first systematic camera trap survey for large mammals over a two-month period in 2021 in a known deer “hotspot” - central Wicklow, Ireland. We captured eight wild mammal species from 19 forest camera trap sites. Sika (Cervus nippon) or sika-red deer hybrids (Cervus nippon × Cervuselaphus) were detected at all sites and comprised 92% of all independent camera trap events of wild mammals. Sika (and hybrid) events occurred at an average rate of 1.1 events per site per day. Females were more often detected than males (male:female = 1:1.42). We also noted that most females were not accompanied by juveniles (female:juvenile = 1:0.31). Overall, we demonstrate the efficacy of even this exploratory survey for revealing wildlife dynamics and generating data for science-informed management and conservation. We recommend that further surveys should be carried out across Ireland to achieve minimum international standards for monitoring terrestrial wildlife.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129437683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ian Bond, Emily Gilford, Allan D. Mcdevitt, M. Young, Frazer G. Coomber
The presence of the greater white-toothed shrew has been confirmed from two sites in the borough of Sunderland in North East England. These represent the first records of the species in Great Britain. Dated photographic evidence indicates that the species has been established in that area since at least 2015. Research is required to ascertain the extent of its current distribution in Great Britain and its impacts on native small mammals and ecosystems more generally.
{"title":"First records of the greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula from Great Britain.","authors":"Ian Bond, Emily Gilford, Allan D. Mcdevitt, M. Young, Frazer G. Coomber","doi":"10.59922/aaci6532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/aaci6532","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of the greater white-toothed shrew has been confirmed from two sites in the borough of Sunderland in North East England. These represent the first records of the species in Great Britain. Dated photographic evidence indicates that the species has been established in that area since at least 2015. Research is required to ascertain the extent of its current distribution in Great Britain and its impacts on native small mammals and ecosystems more generally.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132559067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Graham C Smith, Paul C. Cropper, R. Halliwell, Alexander J Kent
The red fox normally gives birth between February and April in Great Britain. Here we report two vixens from southern Wales that were pregnant or lactating in mid-December 2022, this matches the earliest record of breeding that we can find.
{"title":"Early breeding in the red fox in Great Britain","authors":"Graham C Smith, Paul C. Cropper, R. Halliwell, Alexander J Kent","doi":"10.59922/ouay3304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/ouay3304","url":null,"abstract":"The red fox normally gives birth between February and April in Great Britain. Here we report two vixens from southern Wales that were pregnant or lactating in mid-December 2022, this matches the earliest record of breeding that we can find.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125184955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What proportion of badgers (Meles meles) are killed on roads in rural areas in the Republic of Ireland?","authors":"D. Sleeman, D. Collins, J. Davenport","doi":"10.59922/ttir1537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/ttir1537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116574262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Cucknell, A. Moscrop, O. Boisseau, R. McLanaghan
This study documents the presence of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena, Linnaeus 1758) in the tidal Thames from strandings, dedicated surveys and opportunistic sightings. In March 2015, a visual and acoustic vessel survey for harbour porpoises was conducted; 17 sightings and 45 acoustic detections of porpoise groups were documented. A conservative acoustic encounter rate of 4.2 animals/100 km surveyed is estimated, comparable to results from acoustic surveys in other important European porpoise habitats. Presented with data from opportunistic sightings records, porpoises are reported in the tidal Thames during all months, with peak presence in spring and late summer. Results support the need for further studies in this significant habitat, and that harbour porpoises must be considered when planning future activities and developments within the estuary.
{"title":"Confirmation of the presence of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) within the tidal Thames and Thames Estuary.","authors":"A. Cucknell, A. Moscrop, O. Boisseau, R. McLanaghan","doi":"10.59922/okac5968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/okac5968","url":null,"abstract":"This study documents the presence of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena, Linnaeus 1758) in the tidal Thames from strandings, dedicated surveys and opportunistic sightings. In March 2015, a visual and acoustic vessel survey for harbour porpoises was conducted; 17 sightings and 45 acoustic detections of porpoise groups were documented. A conservative acoustic encounter rate of 4.2 animals/100 km surveyed is estimated, comparable to results from acoustic surveys in other important European porpoise habitats. Presented with data from opportunistic sightings records, porpoises are reported in the tidal Thames during all months, with peak presence in spring and late summer. Results support the need for further studies in this significant habitat, and that harbour porpoises must be considered when planning future activities and developments within the estuary.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133958393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Humans and foxes have a long history of coexistence and conflict. We assessed the “likeable” and “reproachable” characters of foxes as perceived by two populations of adults and children in England via a questionnaire. Londoners were more averse to neighbourhood foxes than respondents from the south-east, while attitudes of women were more favourable than those of men. Our data add to the pool of information about human perception of urban wildlife and may contribute to the development of conflict-resolution strategies by helping target education.
{"title":"Public attitudes to urban foxes in London and the south east.","authors":"Adele Brand, M. Baldwin","doi":"10.59922/slyg1303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/slyg1303","url":null,"abstract":"Humans and foxes have a long history of coexistence and conflict. We assessed the “likeable” and “reproachable” characters of foxes as perceived by two populations of adults and children in England via a questionnaire. Londoners were more averse to neighbourhood foxes than respondents from the south-east, while attitudes of women were more favourable than those of men. Our data add to the pool of information about human perception of urban wildlife and may contribute to the development of conflict-resolution strategies by helping target education.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"682 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116109202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction In reviewing the origins of the post-glacial mammal fauna of the British Isles, it was assumed that stoats and weasels were native, and little detail of their recent history was offered (Yalden 1982, 1999). In their review of the history of Mustelidae in western Europe in the Late and Post-glacial, Sommer & Benecke (2004) assembled an impressive set of records of these species for the continent, but included few records from the British Isles. While they included two Late Glacial records of stoat from Ireland, there were no Late Glacial records of either species from Great Britain. This has allowed informal speculation that the weasel, perhaps both species, were introduced by humans to Great Britain, however unlikely this might seem. A more detailed summation of the records for these species is thus worth attempting. Many come from local accounts, not readily available in the international literature on these species.
{"title":"The history of stoats Mustela ermina and weasels M. nivalis in the Post-glacial of the British Isles","authors":"D. Yalden","doi":"10.59922/lulp5388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/lulp5388","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction In reviewing the origins of the post-glacial mammal fauna of the British Isles, it was assumed that stoats and weasels were native, and little detail of their recent history was offered (Yalden 1982, 1999). In their review of the history of Mustelidae in western Europe in the Late and Post-glacial, Sommer & Benecke (2004) assembled an impressive set of records of these species for the continent, but included few records from the British Isles. While they included two Late Glacial records of stoat from Ireland, there were no Late Glacial records of either species from Great Britain. This has allowed informal speculation that the weasel, perhaps both species, were introduced by humans to Great Britain, however unlikely this might seem. A more detailed summation of the records for these species is thus worth attempting. Many come from local accounts, not readily available in the international literature on these species.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129252591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As part of a long-term study of hedgehogs in The Regent’s Park (London, U.K.) begun in May 2014, we developed and tested an improved identification marking method using 10 mm lengths of yellow plastic sleeving (heatshrink polyolefin) bearing pre-printed animal identification numbers. During twice-yearly study periods, six spines on each hedgehog were marked with duplicate numbers in a single central patch just behind the crown of the head; easily visible in both active and rolled-up hedgehogs. From May 2016 (animals marked in September 2015) to May 2018, the mean number of tags remaining in the pelage after eight months (September to May) was 3.78 (SE = 0.24, n = 45) and 4.16 (SE = 0.31, n = 25) after four months (May to September). In five additional cases, individuals were easily identified after periods of one year or more. The tags have minimal welfare implications, do not interfere with the function of the spines and can be easily read by anyone finding the animal. We conclude that this method is very effective, requires minimal handling and is suitable for use by volunteer field workers. Only one marked spine allows correct identification, making it especially suitable for identifying road-killed, partially eaten or decomposed hedgehogs.
作为2014年5月开始在摄政公园(英国伦敦)对刺猬进行的长期研究的一部分，我们开发并测试了一种改进的识别标记方法，该方法使用10毫米长的黄色塑料套管(热缩聚烯烃)，上面印有预先打印的动物识别号码。在一年两次的研究期间，每只刺猬的六根刺在头顶后面的一个中央补丁上被标记上重复的数字;在活动和卷起的刺猬中都很容易看到。2016年5月(2015年9月标记的动物)至2018年5月，8个月(9月至5月)后的平均标签数为3.78个(SE = 0.24, n = 45)， 4个月(5月至9月)后的平均标签数为4.16个(SE = 0.31, n = 25)。在另外五个案例中，个体在一年或更长时间后很容易被识别出来。这些标签对福利的影响最小，不会干扰脊椎的功能，任何找到动物的人都能很容易地读懂。我们的结论是，这种方法非常有效，需要最少的操作，适合志愿现场工作人员使用。只有一根刺上有标记的刺可以进行正确的识别，这使得它特别适合于识别被公路撞死、部分被吃掉或腐烂的刺猬。
{"title":"An improved identification marking method for hedgehogs.","authors":"N. Reeve, Clare Bowen, J. Gurnell","doi":"10.59922/xcqi3292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/xcqi3292","url":null,"abstract":"As part of a long-term study of hedgehogs in The Regent’s Park (London, U.K.) begun in May 2014, we developed and tested an improved identification marking method using 10 mm lengths of yellow plastic sleeving (heatshrink polyolefin) bearing pre-printed animal identification numbers. During twice-yearly study periods, six spines on each hedgehog were marked with duplicate numbers in a single central patch just behind the crown of the head; easily visible in both active and rolled-up hedgehogs. From May 2016 (animals marked in September 2015) to May 2018, the mean number of tags remaining in the pelage after eight months (September to May) was 3.78 (SE = 0.24, n = 45) and 4.16 (SE = 0.31, n = 25) after four months (May to September). In five additional cases, individuals were easily identified after periods of one year or more. The tags have minimal welfare implications, do not interfere with the function of the spines and can be easily read by anyone finding the animal. We conclude that this method is very effective, requires minimal handling and is suitable for use by volunteer field workers. Only one marked spine allows correct identification, making it especially suitable for identifying road-killed, partially eaten or decomposed hedgehogs.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129053232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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