David E. Webridge, M. R. Newman, P. Bright, P. Morris
Counts of hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) road casualties identified in car surveys have been used previously only once to estimate road traffic mortality nationally (Morris, 2006). Here, we use data from four surveys (conducted between 1952 and 2004) to estimate annual road-casualty numbers in Great Britain. Our estimate of 167,000–335,000 is substantially greater than Morris (2006) value, with possible implications for hedgehog conservation.
{"title":"An estimate of the annual number of hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) road casualties in Great Britain","authors":"David E. Webridge, M. R. Newman, P. Bright, P. Morris","doi":"10.59922/widm5709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/widm5709","url":null,"abstract":"Counts of hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) road casualties identified in car surveys have been used previously only once to estimate road traffic mortality nationally (Morris, 2006). Here, we use data from four surveys (conducted between 1952 and 2004) to estimate annual road-casualty numbers in Great Britain. Our estimate of 167,000–335,000 is substantially greater than Morris (2006) value, with possible implications for hedgehog conservation.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134339655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nick C. Downs, M. Dean, David Wells, Alisha Wouters
Road development can remove valuable wildlife habitat and reduce habitat connectivity. Where such works impact on European Protected Species in the UK, such as hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius), mitigation is required to satisfy the relevant Statutory Nature Conservation Organisation licensing process. The study described here concerns the removal of dense road verge landscape planting occupied by hazel dormice prior to the construction of a new road junction and slip roads on a dual carriageway in Wales. Pre-construction monitoring started in May 2007, followed by vegetation clearance between August and September. Dormice were displaced into retained habitat through maximum daily vegetation clearance of 30 m lengths (varying widths), in parallel with translocation. This process resulted in the discovery of 48 natural (i.e. not within a nest box) dormouse nests, and the capture of 29 dormice for translocation; 90% were successfully released. Whilst within soft-release cages prior to release, dormice preferred a diet of blackberries (Rubus fruticosus agg.) and freshly picked hazel (Corylus avellana) nuts, prompting a recommendation for early Autumn (mid-August – September) as the ideal translocation season. Other recommendations for displacing and translocating dormice are provided, albeit limited in the absence of comprehensive pre-construction, and post-translocation monitoring.
{"title":"Displacing and translocating hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius) as road development mitigation measures","authors":"Nick C. Downs, M. Dean, David Wells, Alisha Wouters","doi":"10.59922/tblv9908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/tblv9908","url":null,"abstract":"Road development can remove valuable wildlife habitat and reduce habitat connectivity. Where such works impact on European Protected Species in the UK, such as hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius), mitigation is required to satisfy the relevant Statutory Nature Conservation Organisation licensing process. The study described here concerns the removal of dense road verge landscape planting occupied by hazel dormice prior to the construction of a new road junction and slip roads on a dual carriageway in Wales. Pre-construction monitoring started in May 2007, followed by vegetation clearance between August and September. Dormice were displaced into retained habitat through maximum daily vegetation clearance of 30 m lengths (varying widths), in parallel with translocation. This process resulted in the discovery of 48 natural (i.e. not within a nest box) dormouse nests, and the capture of 29 dormice for translocation; 90% were successfully released. Whilst within soft-release cages prior to release, dormice preferred a diet of blackberries (Rubus fruticosus agg.) and freshly picked hazel (Corylus avellana) nuts, prompting a recommendation for early Autumn (mid-August – September) as the ideal translocation season. Other recommendations for displacing and translocating dormice are provided, albeit limited in the absence of comprehensive pre-construction, and post-translocation monitoring.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131485483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weasels (Mustela nivalis) and stoats (M. erminea) are considered to be widespread and common in Britain, but little is known of their abundance and population trends outside game estates, and there is currently no reliable, cost-effective method to monitor the two species across their range other than by seasonal, localised kill-trapping. We conducted a pilot study to determine the efficacy of a novel method for detecting the presence of live weasels and stoats in Britain. We trialled the ‘Mostela’, a wooden box comprising a plastic tunnel and a camera trap, at three sites in England. Weasels were detected at all three sites, with the time to an initial detection at a site ranging from 16 to 54 days. Stoats were detected at one site. Overall, a high number of trap nights was required to achieve a relatively low number of detections. Nevertheless, the method shows potential for future surveys and associated research, particularly on weasels.
{"title":"A pilot study of a novel method to monitor weasels (Mustela nivalis) and stoats (M. erminea) in Britain.","authors":"Elizabeth Croose, S. P. Carter","doi":"10.59922/yiuk4739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/yiuk4739","url":null,"abstract":"Weasels (Mustela nivalis) and stoats (M. erminea) are considered to be widespread and common in Britain, but little is known of their abundance and population trends outside game estates, and there is currently no reliable, cost-effective method to monitor the two species across their range other than by seasonal, localised kill-trapping. We conducted a pilot study to determine the efficacy of a novel method for detecting the presence of live weasels and stoats in Britain. We trialled the ‘Mostela’, a wooden box comprising a plastic tunnel and a camera trap, at three sites in England. Weasels were detected at all three sites, with the time to an initial detection at a site ranging from 16 to 54 days. Stoats were detected at one site. Overall, a high number of trap nights was required to achieve a relatively low number of detections. Nevertheless, the method shows potential for future surveys and associated research, particularly on weasels.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130436348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kitchener, V. Szabo, M. Buckley, Y. van den Hurk, I. Mainland, M. Carruthers, C. MacKay, B. Frasier
The grey whale, Eschrichtius robustus, occurred in the Atlantic Ocean until c.300 years ago, having been extirpated probably owing to hunting by humans. Three records of fossil grey whale bones were known previously from Cornwall and Devon in the 18th and 19th centuries. Morphological identification to species of cetacean remains from palaeontological and archaeological sites is problematic, because the bones are often fragmentary or have been modified by humans. The application of ancient DNA analysis and collagen fingerprinting (ZooMS) allows the identification of fragmentary and modified cetacean bone to species and/or generic level, thus offering new opportunities to understand the exploitation of cetaceans by human coastal communities. Analyses of cetacean bone from Orkney and Shetland have identified for the first time the presence of grey whale at archaeological sites in Scotland, extending the geographical range of records in Britain. These findings confirm for the first time that the seas around Scotland were part of the range of the grey whale in the eastern North Atlantic, thereby linking records of this species (from southern Scandinavia, the Northern Isles of and southwest Britain, the southern North Sea and Netherlands, to the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco) over a similar latitudinal range that the species still occupies in the Pacific Ocean.
{"title":"First records of grey whales, Eschrichtius robustus, from Scotland.","authors":"A. Kitchener, V. Szabo, M. Buckley, Y. van den Hurk, I. Mainland, M. Carruthers, C. MacKay, B. Frasier","doi":"10.59922/eoky2802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/eoky2802","url":null,"abstract":"The grey whale, Eschrichtius robustus, occurred in the Atlantic Ocean until c.300 years ago, having been extirpated probably owing to hunting by humans. Three records of fossil grey whale bones were known previously from Cornwall and Devon in the 18th and 19th centuries. Morphological identification to species of cetacean remains from palaeontological and archaeological sites is problematic, because the bones are often fragmentary or have been modified by humans. The application of ancient DNA analysis and collagen fingerprinting (ZooMS) allows the identification of fragmentary and modified cetacean bone to species and/or generic level, thus offering new opportunities to understand the exploitation of cetaceans by human coastal communities. Analyses of cetacean bone from Orkney and Shetland have identified for the first time the presence of grey whale at archaeological sites in Scotland, extending the geographical range of records in Britain. These findings confirm for the first time that the seas around Scotland were part of the range of the grey whale in the eastern North Atlantic, thereby linking records of this species (from southern Scandinavia, the Northern Isles of and southwest Britain, the southern North Sea and Netherlands, to the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco) over a similar latitudinal range that the species still occupies in the Pacific Ocean.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130629416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Historically otters were regarded as a coastal species in Cornwall. After many years of absence they are increasingly recorded around the coasts and estuaries. These animals may be using the coast to move between river catchments or taking advantage of marine resources. The Cornwall Mammal Group organised a citizen science project to collect and analyse otter spraints from around the coastal fringe. Marine prey was shown to constitute a large part of the diet of animals close to the coast but coastal spraints also included remains of freshwater prey. Otters were feeding on a broad range of prey including many smaller items. Demonstrating the dependence of otters on coastal resources will be important in informing conservation of the coastal fringe of Cornwall.
{"title":"The diet of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) around the coastal fringe of Cornwall.","authors":"D. Groves, Rebecca J. Smith","doi":"10.59922/ckrt8363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59922/ckrt8363","url":null,"abstract":"Historically otters were regarded as a coastal species in Cornwall. After many years of absence they are increasingly recorded around the coasts and estuaries. These animals may be using the coast to move between river catchments or taking advantage of marine resources. The Cornwall Mammal Group organised a citizen science project to collect and analyse otter spraints from around the coastal fringe. Marine prey was shown to constitute a large part of the diet of animals close to the coast but coastal spraints also included remains of freshwater prey. Otters were feeding on a broad range of prey including many smaller items. Demonstrating the dependence of otters on coastal resources will be important in informing conservation of the coastal fringe of Cornwall.","PeriodicalId":105794,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Communications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126053271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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