As various cities around the world are implementing car-free policy, the need to understand it from a dynamic point of view becomes more pronounced. This paper sheds more light on the reasons to go car-free as forces of change, while further analyzing the inhibitors and dynamics of transitions towards car-free cities. Reasons to drive can be conceptualized as intrinsic and extrinsic, each with its own relevance in the light of transitions. At the same time, the dynamic processes of enabling and implementation are conceptualized in order to move towards a more realistic view of the complexities of these transitions.
{"title":"Transitions towards car-free cities","authors":"Willem van Waas","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V4.2859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V4.2859","url":null,"abstract":"As various cities around the world are implementing car-free policy, the need to understand it from a dynamic point of view becomes more pronounced. This paper sheds more light on the reasons to go car-free as forces of change, while further analyzing the inhibitors and dynamics of transitions towards car-free cities. Reasons to drive can be conceptualized as intrinsic and extrinsic, each with its own relevance in the light of transitions. At the same time, the dynamic processes of enabling and implementation are conceptualized in order to move towards a more realistic view of the complexities of these transitions.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115066978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the recent judgment of the Court of Justice, Aranyosi and Caldararu. After conducting a legal analysis on this case, three issues are identified and they are separately discussed in three sections. The aim of this paper is to show the impact of this judgment on public order and public security in Europe on the one hand and on the individual’s fundamental rights, on the other hand. It is going to be argued that even though there are limits to the principle of mutual recognition, this new exception based on fundamental rights establishes a new procedure for non-surrender. Therefore, the Court of Justice creates a non-execution ground which the EU legislator did not intend to include in the Framework Decision on the European arrest warrant. This is explained by looking at the three interconnected notions of Freedom, Security and Justice. Keywords mutual recognition, fundamental rights, public security, AFSJ, detention conditions, overcrowding prisons, European arrest warrant
{"title":"The clash between mutual recognition, fundamental rights and public security: Recent developments in the CJEU's case-law in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice.","authors":"Elena Popa, Luca Pantaleo","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V3.2547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V3.2547","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focuses on the recent judgment of the Court of Justice, Aranyosi and Caldararu. After conducting a legal analysis on this case, three issues are identified and they are separately discussed in three sections. The aim of this paper is to show the impact of this judgment on public order and public security in Europe on the one hand and on the individual’s fundamental rights, on the other hand. It is going to be argued that even though there are limits to the principle of mutual recognition, this new exception based on fundamental rights establishes a new procedure for non-surrender. Therefore, the Court of Justice creates a non-execution ground which the EU legislator did not intend to include in the Framework Decision on the European arrest warrant. This is explained by looking at the three interconnected notions of Freedom, Security and Justice. Keywords mutual recognition, fundamental rights, public security, AFSJ, detention conditions, overcrowding prisons, European arrest warrant","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129507235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-20DOI: 10.26481/MARBLE.2018.V1.617
C. Koning
ABSTRACT This paper investigates the joint effects of reputation and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the financial performance of a global sample of banks. Firstly, reputation and CSR act as compliments rather than substitutes. Reputation positively affects return on equity, return on invested capital, and return on assets. CSR positively relates to the above, as well as net interest income. The effects on share price remain unclear. These findings are more pronounced for less reputable and less socially responsible banks, indicating a curvilinear relationship. It is further argued that investing in CSR poses better opportunities for profit enhancement than reputation. Keywords Reputation, reputational capital, corporate social responsibility, CSR, bank financial performance
{"title":"Reputation, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Financial Performance of Banks","authors":"C. Koning","doi":"10.26481/MARBLE.2018.V1.617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/MARBLE.2018.V1.617","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper investigates the joint effects of reputation and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the financial performance of a global sample of banks. Firstly, reputation and CSR act as compliments rather than substitutes. Reputation positively affects return on equity, return on invested capital, and return on assets. CSR positively relates to the above, as well as net interest income. The effects on share price remain unclear. These findings are more pronounced for less reputable and less socially responsible banks, indicating a curvilinear relationship. It is further argued that investing in CSR poses better opportunities for profit enhancement than reputation. Keywords Reputation, reputational capital, corporate social responsibility, CSR, bank financial performance","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128486398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Data peeking, quitting data collection early or adding more participants at the end, offers the advantage of saving time and money. However, performing an interim analysis without correction leads to a Type-I error inflation. Using alpha spending function could be used to solve this problem. In this paper, we simulated the effects of interim analysis with and without an alpha spending function on type-I error, power and expected sample size. We also offer a Bayesian perspective to interim analysis. In the last part, we discuss the use of interim analysis in psychological research using a qualitative approach.
{"title":"Data peeking: a quantitative and qualitative exploration of the use of interim analysis","authors":"Mandy Woelk, Esther Klinkenberg","doi":"10.25609/sure.v2.1467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/sure.v2.1467","url":null,"abstract":"Data peeking, quitting data collection early or adding more participants at the end, offers the advantage of saving time and money. However, performing an interim analysis without correction leads to a Type-I error inflation. Using alpha spending function could be used to solve this problem. In this paper, we simulated the effects of interim analysis with and without an alpha spending function on type-I error, power and expected sample size. We also offer a Bayesian perspective to interim analysis. In the last part, we discuss the use of interim analysis in psychological research using a qualitative approach.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121784904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Women generally value a potential partner's earning capacity more than men. Patriarchal gender ideologies could explain why even financially independent females prefer a mate with resources and would also hold for migrants from more to less patriarchal countries. To examine the role of gender traditionalism and ethnicity, the present online study compared the preference for a mate with financial resources in 406 Turkish, Dutch and German students and Turkish migrants in Germany and the Netherlands. As expected, more traditional females, and women from more patriarchal cultures, found resources more important than less traditional females, and women from more egalitarian cultures.
{"title":"Why do women fall for money? The Effect of Gender Ideology and Culture on the Mate Preference for Resources","authors":"Marina F. Thomas","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V2.1449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V2.1449","url":null,"abstract":"Women generally value a potential partner's earning capacity more than men. Patriarchal gender ideologies could explain why even financially independent females prefer a mate with resources and would also hold for migrants from more to less patriarchal countries. To examine the role of gender traditionalism and ethnicity, the present online study compared the preference for a mate with financial resources in 406 Turkish, Dutch and German students and Turkish migrants in Germany and the Netherlands. As expected, more traditional females, and women from more patriarchal cultures, found resources more important than less traditional females, and women from more egalitarian cultures.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128661972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Observations of the debris disk around the solar-like star HD 107146 reveal the disk (nearly) transiting an extended background galaxy. By using out-of-transit observations to model the galaxy, we show it to be smooth and well modelable. When subtracting this model from the edge-of-transit observation, attenuation by dust of the debris disk in the line-of-sight can be seen. From this we calculate the column density of the dust. The results of this new way of detecting debris dust agree with previous work, however at increasing distance from the star we find an increasing column density, suggesting dust segregation.
{"title":"Attenuation by the debris disk of the solar-like star HD 107146 of a distant occulted galaxy","authors":"Dennis Vaendel, L. V. Sluijs","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V2.1463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V2.1463","url":null,"abstract":"Observations of the debris disk around the solar-like star HD 107146 reveal the disk (nearly) transiting an extended background galaxy. By using out-of-transit observations to model the galaxy, we show it to be smooth and well modelable. When subtracting this model from the edge-of-transit observation, attenuation by dust of the debris disk in the line-of-sight can be seen. From this we calculate the column density of the dust. The results of this new way of detecting debris dust agree with previous work, however at increasing distance from the star we find an increasing column density, suggesting dust segregation.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124797207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protection from water flooding by dikes is an important issue in the Netherlands. Therefore dikes have to be regularly tested for possible failure, for example caused by micro-instability. Micro-instability occurs in the upper layer of the dike, due to water flowing through it. The goal of this research was to determine the influence of the measurement density on safety assessment of river dikes for micro-instability and in addition to give a confidence interval for these assessments. This paper shows that uncertainty in cover layer thickness has the largest effect on the reliability of dike safety assessment in relation to micro-instability.
{"title":"The influence of measurement density on micro-instability testing","authors":"N. Daling","doi":"10.25609/sure.v2.1455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/sure.v2.1455","url":null,"abstract":"Protection from water flooding by dikes is an important issue in the Netherlands. Therefore dikes have to be regularly tested for possible failure, for example caused by micro-instability. Micro-instability occurs in the upper layer of the dike, due to water flowing through it. The goal of this research was to determine the influence of the measurement density on safety assessment of river dikes for micro-instability and in addition to give a confidence interval for these assessments. This paper shows that uncertainty in cover layer thickness has the largest effect on the reliability of dike safety assessment in relation to micro-instability.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133476988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Upper Citarum River Basin is a heavily polluted catchment on West Java, Indonesia. Policy makers and scientist show increasing interest for the issue, but there is no recent scientific study that gives an overview of the current state of the river basin. In this paper, the six drivers of the water quality problem are described by system analysis, tracing them back to weak social and governmental institutions. Stakeholder analysis reveals a strong mismatch between responsibilities, authorities and resources among monitoring stakeholders. Data analysis shows that the industry is the largest polluter of the basin, followed by pollutants from domestic origin.
{"title":"Water quality in the Upper Citarum River Basin: towards a better understanding of a heavily polluted catchment","authors":"K. V. Ginkel","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V2.1469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V2.1469","url":null,"abstract":"The Upper Citarum River Basin is a heavily polluted catchment on West Java, Indonesia. Policy makers and scientist show increasing interest for the issue, but there is no recent scientific study that gives an overview of the current state of the river basin. In this paper, the six drivers of the water quality problem are described by system analysis, tracing them back to weak social and governmental institutions. Stakeholder analysis reveals a strong mismatch between responsibilities, authorities and resources among monitoring stakeholders. Data analysis shows that the industry is the largest polluter of the basin, followed by pollutants from domestic origin.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125299277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Het drooggedrag van watergedragen verven wordt in grote mate bepaald door de vervormbaarheid van de microscopisch kleine deeltjes waaruit ze bestaan. Om het effect van deze vervormbaarheid op het droogproces van een suspensie druppel te testen, synthetiseren wij gecrosslinkte rubber nanodeeltjes in water. De crosslinker voorkomt samenvloeiing van de deeltjes. De fenomenen die we observeren bij het drogen van zo’n druppeltje, invasie van lucht, capillaire deformatie, rimpelingen en breukvorming, blijken te veranderen rond een algemene transitiewaarde voor de hardheid van de deeltjes. Het geheel komt goed overeen met onze theoretische voorspellingen voor het droogproces. Dit onderzoek is ook gepubliceerd in Soft Matter (Kooij et al., Soft Matter 12, 2858–2867 (2016)).
水性涂料的干燥性能在很大程度上取决于组成涂料的微观颗粒的可成形性。为了测试这种延性对悬浮液滴干燥过程的影响，我们在水中合成了交联橡胶纳米颗粒。交联剂防止粒子汇合。我们观察到的干燥、空气入侵、毛细管变形、涟漪和断裂的现象似乎围绕着颗粒硬度的一般过渡值而变化。这完全符合我们对干燥过程的理论预测。这项研究也发表在软物质(Kooij et al.，软物质12,2858 - 2867(2016))上。
{"title":"Een mechanistische kijk op drogende suspensiedruppels","authors":"G. V. D. Kerkhof","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V2.1464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V2.1464","url":null,"abstract":"Het drooggedrag van watergedragen verven wordt in grote mate bepaald door de vervormbaarheid van de microscopisch kleine deeltjes waaruit ze bestaan. Om het effect van deze vervormbaarheid op het droogproces van een suspensie druppel te testen, synthetiseren wij gecrosslinkte rubber nanodeeltjes in water. De crosslinker voorkomt samenvloeiing van de deeltjes. De fenomenen die we observeren bij het drogen van zo’n druppeltje, invasie van lucht, capillaire deformatie, rimpelingen en breukvorming, blijken te veranderen rond een algemene transitiewaarde voor de hardheid van de deeltjes. Het geheel komt goed overeen met onze theoretische voorspellingen voor het droogproces. Dit onderzoek is ook gepubliceerd in Soft Matter (Kooij et al., Soft Matter 12, 2858–2867 (2016)).","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131685223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxime Beck, Dieter Claus, Eline de Mulder, Charlotte de Vuyst, Bram van Wettere
Het raffinageproces waarbij plantaardige olien worden omgezet tot gebruiksklare producten leidt tot een momenteel onbenutte zijstroom, het ontgeuringsdestillaat. Dit destillaat bevat vrije vetzuren, glyceriden, koolwaterstoffen en minorcomponenten zoals squaleen, sterolen en tocoferolen. Deze laatste kunnen gevaloriseerd worden in de cosmetische, farmaceutische en voedingsindustrie. Daarom is het relevant hun isolatie uit het destillaat te evalueren. Dit kan gebeuren via een superkritische esterificatie gevolgd door een superkritische CO2-extractie. De optimale condities voor beide processen zijn bepaald a.d.h.v. Aspen Plus®, een geavanceerd processimulatieprogramma. Op deze manier wordt getracht een conceptueel ontwerp te definieren voor een economisch rendabele recuperatie van minorcomponenten uit een ontgeuringsdestillaat.
{"title":"Van bio-olie tot cosmetica","authors":"Maxime Beck, Dieter Claus, Eline de Mulder, Charlotte de Vuyst, Bram van Wettere","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V2.1453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V2.1453","url":null,"abstract":"Het raffinageproces waarbij plantaardige olien worden omgezet tot gebruiksklare producten leidt tot een momenteel onbenutte zijstroom, het ontgeuringsdestillaat. Dit destillaat bevat vrije vetzuren, glyceriden, koolwaterstoffen en minorcomponenten zoals squaleen, sterolen en tocoferolen. Deze laatste kunnen gevaloriseerd worden in de cosmetische, farmaceutische en voedingsindustrie. Daarom is het relevant hun isolatie uit het destillaat te evalueren. Dit kan gebeuren via een superkritische esterificatie gevolgd door een superkritische CO2-extractie. De optimale condities voor beide processen zijn bepaald a.d.h.v. Aspen Plus®, een geavanceerd processimulatieprogramma. Op deze manier wordt getracht een conceptueel ontwerp te definieren voor een economisch rendabele recuperatie van minorcomponenten uit een ontgeuringsdestillaat.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116464502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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