Ground-breaking innovations in technology depict a promising future for humanity. In particular, the robotic industry is expected to solve many of our modern challenges especially with regard to the health sector. As expected, when introducing human-robot interactions in our daily lives, we need to renegotiate our human values in terms of autonomy, control and privacy. This paper aims to explore the ethical dilemmas occurring when employing socially assistive robots in the aged-care sector. It will also make recommendations for future ethical use of social robots. The cultural background is set in Japan, a leader in robotic development.“Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted under the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) license and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page” Connection with SDG 9The Sustainable Development Goals number 9 refers to building resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation. These actions are highly dependent on technological innovations. In order to create long-term sustainable structures, we need to welcome advancements in our life but in the same time treat them carefully. This paper tackles one of the recent technological advancements in the field of robotics. Socially Assitive Robots have been designed to help children, people with disabilities and elders in a social, non-intrusive and positive way. In spite of this, ethical dilemmas which clash with the design of the robots are not often taken into account. That is why, the research is meant to fill in the gap and prove that an ethical sustainable goal can be met by responsible advancements in technology.
{"title":"The Ethical Implications of Employing Socially Assitive Robots in the Aged-care Sector in Japan","authors":"Teodora Octavia Stirbat","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V5.4217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V5.4217","url":null,"abstract":"Ground-breaking innovations in technology depict a promising future for humanity. In particular, the robotic industry is expected to solve many of our modern challenges especially with regard to the health sector. As expected, when introducing human-robot interactions in our daily lives, we need to renegotiate our human values in terms of autonomy, control and privacy. This paper aims to explore the ethical dilemmas occurring when employing socially assistive robots in the aged-care sector. It will also make recommendations for future ethical use of social robots. The cultural background is set in Japan, a leader in robotic development.“Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted under the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) license and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page” \u0000Connection with SDG 9The Sustainable Development Goals number 9 refers to building resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation. These actions are highly dependent on technological innovations. In order to create long-term sustainable structures, we need to welcome advancements in our life but in the same time treat them carefully. This paper tackles one of the recent technological advancements in the field of robotics. Socially Assitive Robots have been designed to help children, people with disabilities and elders in a social, non-intrusive and positive way. In spite of this, ethical dilemmas which clash with the design of the robots are not often taken into account. That is why, the research is meant to fill in the gap and prove that an ethical sustainable goal can be met by responsible advancements in technology.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114499032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organoids are important pharmacological and disease models. To better study organoids, existing approaches have to be adapted. Correlative microscopy approaches allow for a more holistic understanding of cellular events. While beneficial to study organoids, an effective correlative protocol for organoids has yet to be established. The current paper presents an initial correlative workflow for organoids. Two-photon light microscopy is applied to capture characteristics of organoids and co-cultured bacteria. Furthermore, 3D models and near-infrared branding are explored to guide the recovery of a region of interest for electron microscopy. Finally, different sample preparations are tested on compatibility with a correlative workflow.
{"title":"Imaging organoids: a correlative light- and electron microscopy approach","authors":"Sam Willemsen","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V5.4212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V5.4212","url":null,"abstract":"Organoids are important pharmacological and disease models. To better study organoids, existing approaches have to be adapted. Correlative microscopy approaches allow for a more holistic understanding of cellular events. While beneficial to study organoids, an effective correlative protocol for organoids has yet to be established. The current paper presents an initial correlative workflow for organoids. Two-photon light microscopy is applied to capture characteristics of organoids and co-cultured bacteria. Furthermore, 3D models and near-infrared branding are explored to guide the recovery of a region of interest for electron microscopy. Finally, different sample preparations are tested on compatibility with a correlative workflow.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124777326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global climate change (CC) affects marine mammals, such as cetaceans, by exposing them to an altered marine environment. Cetaceans are indirectly influenced by CC (e.g. through their prey, warmer environment). They are indicator species, significant to marine ecosystems and one of the most endangered vertebrate groups on this planet. Since oceanic water temperatures have increased, a noticeable shift in diversity of cetaceans present in marine hotspots is expected. In this paper, the community structure (occurrence) of cetacean species present around Sao Miguel Island, Portugal were investigated to contribute to the current understanding of the effects of CC on cetaceans.
{"title":"Temporal variation in the occurrence of whale and dolphin species in the Azores from 2010 to 2017","authors":"Annelie Milou Bron, O. Jansen, M. V. D. Linde","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V5.4170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V5.4170","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate change (CC) affects marine mammals, such as cetaceans, by exposing them to an altered marine environment. Cetaceans are indirectly influenced by CC (e.g. through their prey, warmer environment). They are indicator species, significant to marine ecosystems and one of the most endangered vertebrate groups on this planet. Since oceanic water temperatures have increased, a noticeable shift in diversity of cetaceans present in marine hotspots is expected. In this paper, the community structure (occurrence) of cetacean species present around Sao Miguel Island, Portugal were investigated to contribute to the current understanding of the effects of CC on cetaceans.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114833897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
What caused the Black Death in the 14th century to be more severe than any other plague outbreak? This article argues that the Bovine Pestilence, and the consequent protein malnutrition, has contributed to an inadequate immune system for the English population. As a result, the mortality rates during the plague outbreak were high. By using contemporary insights on the Y. Pestis bacterium and immunodeficiencies, and combining that with historical data on the Black Death in the 14th century, this article uses an interdisciplinary approach to come to a broader understanding of the severity of the 14th century pandemic.
{"title":"Bringer of Death: Explaining the Severity of the Black Death in Medieval England","authors":"Elvire N Landstra","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V4.2814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V4.2814","url":null,"abstract":"What caused the Black Death in the 14th century to be more severe than any other plague outbreak? This article argues that the Bovine Pestilence, and the consequent protein malnutrition, has contributed to an inadequate immune system for the English population. As a result, the mortality rates during the plague outbreak were high. By using contemporary insights on the Y. Pestis bacterium and immunodeficiencies, and combining that with historical data on the Black Death in the 14th century, this article uses an interdisciplinary approach to come to a broader understanding of the severity of the 14th century pandemic.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114253434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The emergence of single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) techniques made the imaging of cells at resolutions far beyond the diffraction barrier possible. However, the usual approach of tagging a protein of interest (PoI) with a primary antibody, and tagging this one with a fluorophore-carrying secondary antibody, introduces a significant displacement of the signal from the PoI. Here, the generation and application of an αGFP-nanobody is described which, through its reduced size and direct fluorophore labeling, leads to a much higher co-localization of signal and PoI and qualifies for dSTORM imaging of nuclear proteins.
{"title":"Generation of αGFP-nanobodies suitable for super-resolution imaging of nuclear proteins","authors":"N. Bachmann","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V4.2833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V4.2833","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) techniques made the imaging of cells at resolutions far beyond the diffraction barrier possible. However, the usual approach of tagging a protein of interest (PoI) with a primary antibody, and tagging this one with a fluorophore-carrying secondary antibody, introduces a significant displacement of the signal from the PoI. Here, the generation and application of an αGFP-nanobody is described which, through its reduced size and direct fluorophore labeling, leads to a much higher co-localization of signal and PoI and qualifies for dSTORM imaging of nuclear proteins.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116877092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Het Buddy-project is een initiatief om eetstoornis- patienten te ondersteunen, waarbij de patient een op een wordt gekoppeld aan een herstelde ervaringsdeskundige. In dit onderzoek is middels interviews, vragenlijsten en een focusgroep het perspectief van ervaringsdeskundigen en eetstoornispatienten ten aanzien van het Buddy-project in kaart gebracht. Uit dit onderzoek blijkt dat patienten een Buddy zien als een begripvolle, gelijkwaardige en laagdrempelige gesprekspartner, die zou kunnen ondersteunen bij het oefenen van lastige situaties, zoals samen eten, koken of boodschappen doen. Ervaringsdeskundigen zien het Buddy-project als een waardevolle aanvulling op de al bestaande zorg binnen de zorgketen eetstoornissen, maar benadrukken ook het belang van goede ondersteuning voor de Buddy’s zelf.
{"title":"Het Buddy-project voor eetstoornispatiënten: een exploratief kwalitatief onderzoek naar de inzet van herstelde ervaringsdeskundigen als Buddy","authors":"Marloes Biegel","doi":"10.25609/sure.v4.2804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/sure.v4.2804","url":null,"abstract":"Het Buddy-project is een initiatief om eetstoornis- patienten te ondersteunen, waarbij de patient een op een wordt gekoppeld aan een herstelde ervaringsdeskundige. In dit onderzoek is middels interviews, vragenlijsten en een focusgroep het perspectief van ervaringsdeskundigen en eetstoornispatienten ten aanzien van het Buddy-project in kaart gebracht. Uit dit onderzoek blijkt dat patienten een Buddy zien als een begripvolle, gelijkwaardige en laagdrempelige gesprekspartner, die zou kunnen ondersteunen bij het oefenen van lastige situaties, zoals samen eten, koken of boodschappen doen. Ervaringsdeskundigen zien het Buddy-project als een waardevolle aanvulling op de al bestaande zorg binnen de zorgketen eetstoornissen, maar benadrukken ook het belang van goede ondersteuning voor de Buddy’s zelf.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124004208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
De huidige studie onderzocht de effectiviteit van creative media advertising (CMA) in vergelijking met traditional media advertising (TMA) in sociale marketing rondom milieuproblemen door plasticgebruik. Met behulp van een online experiment (N = 107) is gekeken of CMA tot een milieuvriendelijkere gedragsintentie leidt dan TMA en of deze relatie gemedieerd wordt door bewustzijn van het probleem. Er is een direct positief effect gevonden van CMA versus TMA op milieuvriendelijke gedragsintentie met betrekking tot eenmalig plasticgebruik bij consumenten. Echter bleek dat bewustzijn van het probleem dit effect niet medieert. In alle analyses werd gecontroleerd voor de covariaat milieu-zelfidentiteit, die significant samenhingmet zowel probleembewustzijn als gedragsintentie.
{"title":"Creative Media Advertising: Het begin van het einde van de groeiende plastic soep?","authors":"E. Okkema","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V4.2857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V4.2857","url":null,"abstract":"De huidige studie onderzocht de effectiviteit van creative media advertising (CMA) in vergelijking met traditional media advertising (TMA) in sociale marketing rondom milieuproblemen door plasticgebruik. Met behulp van een online experiment (N = 107) is gekeken of CMA tot een milieuvriendelijkere gedragsintentie leidt dan TMA en of deze relatie gemedieerd wordt door bewustzijn van het probleem. Er is een direct positief effect gevonden van CMA versus TMA op milieuvriendelijke gedragsintentie met betrekking tot eenmalig plasticgebruik bij consumenten. Echter bleek dat bewustzijn van het probleem dit effect niet medieert. In alle analyses werd gecontroleerd voor de covariaat milieu-zelfidentiteit, die significant samenhingmet zowel probleembewustzijn als gedragsintentie.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130509411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fipronil-crisis that occurred in the Netherlands in 2017, had a big impact on the poultry sector. Farmers had to make the decision to either detoxicate (a diet which attempts to eliminate the fipronil which is stored in the fat) or prematurely cull their hens. This research compares detoxification and prematurely culling in a financial way, to provide an answer for the question: Which approach would have restrained, with hindsight, the financial impact for the famers the most? In order to do this a decision tree has been built and a sensitivity, break-even and risk analysis have been conducted.
{"title":"Fipronil-crisis in the Netherlands: An analysis of the financial effects of the chosen approach (detoxicate or prematurely cull hens) by farmers during the fipronil-crisis in the Netherlands","authors":"J. D. Lange","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V4.2853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V4.2853","url":null,"abstract":"The fipronil-crisis that occurred in the Netherlands in 2017, had a big impact on the poultry sector. Farmers had to make the decision to either detoxicate (a diet which attempts to eliminate the fipronil which is stored in the fat) or prematurely cull their hens. This research compares detoxification and prematurely culling in a financial way, to provide an answer for the question: Which approach would have restrained, with hindsight, the financial impact for the famers the most? In order to do this a decision tree has been built and a sensitivity, break-even and risk analysis have been conducted.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126753361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new experimental setup for studying charge transfer in Quantum Dot (QD) films has been designed, built and tested. The setup combines three spectroscopic methods; Raman, Fluorescence and Absorption Spectroscopy. First data on a Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) films reveals that radiative emission quenches while charging, attributed to Auger-decay. When fully discharged, the emission remains partly quenched, indicating that not all electrons are removed. Since charge transfer is a fundamental process in solar cells, the setup could be essential for designing and optimizing cost efficient future QD based solar cells.
{"title":"Realization of an in-situ Fluorescence & Raman Spectroscopy Setup for studying Quantum Dot Films","authors":"Jurgen Dijkema","doi":"10.25609/sure.v4.2834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/sure.v4.2834","url":null,"abstract":"A new experimental setup for studying charge transfer in Quantum Dot (QD) films has been designed, built and tested. The setup combines three spectroscopic methods; Raman, Fluorescence and Absorption Spectroscopy. First data on a Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) films reveals that radiative emission quenches while charging, attributed to Auger-decay. When fully discharged, the emission remains partly quenched, indicating that not all electrons are removed. Since charge transfer is a fundamental process in solar cells, the setup could be essential for designing and optimizing cost efficient future QD based solar cells.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115567593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corporations have increasingly been engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR). However, there are some inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between CSR fit and purchase intention. The aim of the current study is to examine what factors influence this relationship. Based on a literature review, CSR fit is proposed to negatively influence perceived corporate greenwashing (PCG) and this is moderated by a sector’s social responsible reputation (SSRR). PCG in turn influences purchase intentions negatively as well. It is concluded that corporations need to assess their SSRR and trust first, before deciding on which CSR activities they are going to engage in.
{"title":"Engaging in CSR: The effect of perceived corporate greenwashing in the CSR fit-purchase intention relationship, depending on the sector’s social responsible reputation.","authors":"Maarten Zandvoort","doi":"10.25609/SURE.V4.2850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25609/SURE.V4.2850","url":null,"abstract":"Corporations have increasingly been engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR). However, there are some inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between CSR fit and purchase intention. The aim of the current study is to examine what factors influence this relationship. Based on a literature review, CSR fit is proposed to negatively influence perceived corporate greenwashing (PCG) and this is moderated by a sector’s social responsible reputation (SSRR). PCG in turn influences purchase intentions negatively as well. It is concluded that corporations need to assess their SSRR and trust first, before deciding on which CSR activities they are going to engage in.","PeriodicalId":106615,"journal":{"name":"Student Undergraduate Research E-journal","volume":"45 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131957188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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