A field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of biostimulant (plant probiotics) on growth, yield, and the microbial activity of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown in vertisol during the rabi season (December–April) of 2022–23 at the Instructional Cum Research Farm, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. The RVG-202 variety of chickpea was used for the experiment, which was spaced in 45×10 cm. The experiment consists of seven treatments, viz., T1 (Control (without RDF)), T2 (100% RDF), T3 (1 L biostimulant + 200 L water acre-1), T4 (1 L biostimulant + 100 L water acre-1), T5 (1 L biostimulant + 300 L water acre-1), T6 (1 L biostimulant + 200 L water acre-1 + 100% RDF) and T7 (1 L Biostimulant + 200 L water acre-1 + 50% RDF) and was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Data regarding the Plant height, shoot dry weight, nodule number, nodule dry weight, pod number, grain yield and stover yield, microbial population, NPK content in grain and stover were observed. The experimental result revealed that the application of biostimulant with a combination of 50% RDF was found to have a significant impact on the Plant height, shoot dry weight , nodule number, nodule dry weight, pod number, grain yield, microbial population and phosphorous content in grain whereas the highest stover yield, potassium content in grain and phosphorous content in stover is accumulated where 100% RDF was applied, but that nitrogen content in grain and stover and potassium content in stover were not significantly affected. According to the performance of the crop and the analysis of rhizosphere soil, it can be concluded that the most effective response and good results over the control was found in application of bio-stimulant at 1 L acre-1 along with 50% RDF (25:50:30 kg ha-1 N:P:K).
{"title":"Effect of Bio-Stimulant (Plant Probiotics) on Growth, Yield and Microbial Activity of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Grown in Vertisol of Chhattisgarh","authors":"Anupam Sahu, Dayashankar Baghel, Anup Kumar Singh, Tapas Chowdhury, Ravindra Soni","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474323","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of biostimulant (plant probiotics) on growth, yield, and the microbial activity of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown in vertisol during the rabi season (December–April) of 2022–23 at the Instructional Cum Research Farm, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. The RVG-202 variety of chickpea was used for the experiment, which was spaced in 45×10 cm. The experiment consists of seven treatments, viz., T1 (Control (without RDF)), T2 (100% RDF), T3 (1 L biostimulant + 200 L water acre-1), T4 (1 L biostimulant + 100 L water acre-1), T5 (1 L biostimulant + 300 L water acre-1), T6 (1 L biostimulant + 200 L water acre-1 + 100% RDF) and T7 (1 L Biostimulant + 200 L water acre-1 + 50% RDF) and was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Data regarding the Plant height, shoot dry weight, nodule number, nodule dry weight, pod number, grain yield and stover yield, microbial population, NPK content in grain and stover were observed. The experimental result revealed that the application of biostimulant with a combination of 50% RDF was found to have a significant impact on the Plant height, shoot dry weight , nodule number, nodule dry weight, pod number, grain yield, microbial population and phosphorous content in grain whereas the highest stover yield, potassium content in grain and phosphorous content in stover is accumulated where 100% RDF was applied, but that nitrogen content in grain and stover and potassium content in stover were not significantly affected. According to the performance of the crop and the analysis of rhizosphere soil, it can be concluded that the most effective response and good results over the control was found in application of bio-stimulant at 1 L acre-1 along with 50% RDF (25:50:30 kg ha-1 N:P:K).","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"49 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474322
Gariyashi Tamuly, D. R. K. Saikanth, Sanjenbam Sher Singh, Anadi Ranjan Saikia, Raj Bahadur, Anuradha Singh, S. S. Bhadauria, Akhilesh Singh
Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in India are collective entities formed by farmers to improve their economic status and agricultural productivity. This study explores the challenges and issues faced by Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in the unique context of India's agricultural landscape. FPOs, envisioned as key drivers of rural development and farmer empowerment, encounter a range of impediments that hinder their efficacy. Financial constraints, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to crucial market information emerge as primary obstacles, impacting the operational efficiency of FPOs. Governance structures, skill deficiencies, and the imperative for capacity-building programs are identified as internal challenges that necessitate targeted interventions. Moreover, the external dynamics, including climate variability and evolving market conditions, add layers of complexity to FPO operations. This provides a concise overview of the critical challenges faced by FPOs in India, highlighting the need for strategic interventions and policy support to enhance their resilience and impact on the agricultural sector. Addressing these challenges is pivotal for fostering sustainable agricultural practices and improving the socio-economic conditions of farmers associated with FPOs. This intricate challenges confronting Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in India, crucial entities for agricultural development. Financial limitations and a lack of infrastructure impede FPOs, restricting their ability to empower smallholder farmers effectively. Internal issues, such as governance and skill gaps, demand targeted interventions to enhance organizational capacities. External factors, including climate variations, introduce further complexities to FPO operations. A comprehensive understanding of these challenges is paramount for devising strategies that fortify FPOs and promote the sustainable advancement of Indian agriculture
{"title":"The Challenges and Issues of Farmer Producer Organizations in India","authors":"Gariyashi Tamuly, D. R. K. Saikanth, Sanjenbam Sher Singh, Anadi Ranjan Saikia, Raj Bahadur, Anuradha Singh, S. S. Bhadauria, Akhilesh Singh","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474322","url":null,"abstract":"Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in India are collective entities formed by farmers to improve their economic status and agricultural productivity. This study explores the challenges and issues faced by Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in the unique context of India's agricultural landscape. FPOs, envisioned as key drivers of rural development and farmer empowerment, encounter a range of impediments that hinder their efficacy. Financial constraints, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to crucial market information emerge as primary obstacles, impacting the operational efficiency of FPOs. Governance structures, skill deficiencies, and the imperative for capacity-building programs are identified as internal challenges that necessitate targeted interventions. Moreover, the external dynamics, including climate variability and evolving market conditions, add layers of complexity to FPO operations. This provides a concise overview of the critical challenges faced by FPOs in India, highlighting the need for strategic interventions and policy support to enhance their resilience and impact on the agricultural sector. Addressing these challenges is pivotal for fostering sustainable agricultural practices and improving the socio-economic conditions of farmers associated with FPOs. This intricate challenges confronting Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in India, crucial entities for agricultural development. Financial limitations and a lack of infrastructure impede FPOs, restricting their ability to empower smallholder farmers effectively. Internal issues, such as governance and skill gaps, demand targeted interventions to enhance organizational capacities. External factors, including climate variations, introduce further complexities to FPO operations. A comprehensive understanding of these challenges is paramount for devising strategies that fortify FPOs and promote the sustainable advancement of Indian agriculture","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"132 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474325
Poorvitha M., Rita Narayanan, Valli C., Mathanghi S. K.
Extrusion is a unique method for preparing pasta, which is generally produced from refined wheat flour. However, preparation of pasta from black bean and millets are not prevalent. Millets and Black bean contain good source of protein and fibre. The present study was undertaken to develop pasta which is rich in protein, anthocyanin and dietary fibre. The study conducted included five trials along with control and significant ingredients like Refined Wheat Flour (RWF), Sprouted Finger millet flour (FMF), Black bean flour (BBF) in different proportions as T1- RWF: F: B - 80: 10: 10 and T2- RWF: F: B- 60: 20: 20, T3- 40: 30: 30, T4- 20: 40: 40, T5- 0: 50: 50 and control C- RWF: F: B- 100: 0: 0, along with xanthan gum of 2%, salt of 2% and 8% rice bran oil. These ingredients were mixed, kneaded and extruded in a cold extruder at a screw speed of 80 rpm and temperature of 40oC. Before drying, steaming was carried out for 15 mins. The extruded pasta was tray dried at 700C for 6 hours, cooled and then stored at room temperature. The standardization of the developed pasta was done using VETSTAT tool by assessing its physical and cooking quality parameters such as water absorption index, water solubility index, cooking time, cooking loss and swelling index. Proximate and sensory analysis were also carried out. Among the trials studied, T3- RWF: F: B- 40:30:30 was preferred as the standardized treatment based on the physical, cooking quality parameters and higher sensory scores for appearance and color, body and texture, flavour and overall acceptability. Thus, this study proved that indigenous black bean flour and sprouted finger millet flour can be partially substituted for refined wheat flour in the preparation of enriched cold extrudate like pasta. This developed novel product can satisfy the taste, satiety-oriented dieting and promote healthy aesthetic food habits of consumers.
{"title":"Development of Functionally Enriched Cold Extruded Product Using Black Bean and Finger Millet","authors":"Poorvitha M., Rita Narayanan, Valli C., Mathanghi S. K.","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474325","url":null,"abstract":"Extrusion is a unique method for preparing pasta, which is generally produced from refined wheat flour. However, preparation of pasta from black bean and millets are not prevalent. Millets and Black bean contain good source of protein and fibre. The present study was undertaken to develop pasta which is rich in protein, anthocyanin and dietary fibre. The study conducted included five trials along with control and significant ingredients like Refined Wheat Flour (RWF), Sprouted Finger millet flour (FMF), Black bean flour (BBF) in different proportions as T1- RWF: F: B - 80: 10: 10 and T2- RWF: F: B- 60: 20: 20, T3- 40: 30: 30, T4- 20: 40: 40, T5- 0: 50: 50 and control C- RWF: F: B- 100: 0: 0, along with xanthan gum of 2%, salt of 2% and 8% rice bran oil. These ingredients were mixed, kneaded and extruded in a cold extruder at a screw speed of 80 rpm and temperature of 40oC. Before drying, steaming was carried out for 15 mins. The extruded pasta was tray dried at 700C for 6 hours, cooled and then stored at room temperature. The standardization of the developed pasta was done using VETSTAT tool by assessing its physical and cooking quality parameters such as water absorption index, water solubility index, cooking time, cooking loss and swelling index. Proximate and sensory analysis were also carried out. Among the trials studied, T3- RWF: F: B- 40:30:30 was preferred as the standardized treatment based on the physical, cooking quality parameters and higher sensory scores for appearance and color, body and texture, flavour and overall acceptability. Thus, this study proved that indigenous black bean flour and sprouted finger millet flour can be partially substituted for refined wheat flour in the preparation of enriched cold extrudate like pasta. This developed novel product can satisfy the taste, satiety-oriented dieting and promote healthy aesthetic food habits of consumers.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"36 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474321
Y. N. Agbetossou, A. Afio, D. Koffi, S. Tiem, K. Kassegne
It is currently recognized by the scientific and industrial world that gears made of plastic materials and their composites have numerous advantages (light weight and inertia reduction, no lubrication or initial lubrication, low friction coefficient, shock and vibration absorbing, good load distribution, low costing manufacturing, etc. ) and they will continue to beneficially replace metal gears in a good number of applications in all areas; above all, today the family of plastic materials and their composites is expanding with the development of new eco-plastics and their natural fiber composites as an alternative for sustainable development. However, the challenge remains to continue research in the field of these plastic gears and their composites in order to overcome the problems that still hamper their use. The literature reveals that wear constitutes one of the failure modes of gears and in particular it remains the most frequent cause of damage in gears made of plastic materials and their composites. According to the results of experimental work carried out on the wear behavior of plastic gears and their composites, the wear prediction models developed for their metallic counterparts are not applicable to them. The main objective of this present work is to study the wear behavior of gear teeth made of plastic materials and their composites in order to develop a model of its prediction. In this paper, a mean wear approach is used to develop a model based on Archard's law for the prediction of wear in gears made of plastic materials and their composites. The model is built on experimental works observations and depends on the pair of materials and the operating conditions of the mesh, as well as the parameters which are determined once and for all from the initial experimental results. The model also takes into account the very significant thermal effect on the wear of plastic gears. The results from a simulation carried out, using MATLAB software for the pair of HDPE30B materials (HDPE polyethylene composite with 30% birch wood fiber) running under dry conditions, are presented and analyzed. The results are consistent with those of our experimental work and are mainly validated with a relative error below 15% by the latter. The models developed can already provide solutions to needs on an industrial scale.
{"title":"Mean Wear Approach for Modeling and Predicting Wear for Gears in Plastics Materials and their Composites","authors":"Y. N. Agbetossou, A. Afio, D. Koffi, S. Tiem, K. Kassegne","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474321","url":null,"abstract":"It is currently recognized by the scientific and industrial world that gears made of plastic materials and their composites have numerous advantages (light weight and inertia reduction, no lubrication or initial lubrication, low friction coefficient, shock and vibration absorbing, good load distribution, low costing manufacturing, etc. ) and they will continue to beneficially replace metal gears in a good number of applications in all areas; above all, today the family of plastic materials and their composites is expanding with the development of new eco-plastics and their natural fiber composites as an alternative for sustainable development. However, the challenge remains to continue research in the field of these plastic gears and their composites in order to overcome the problems that still hamper their use. The literature reveals that wear constitutes one of the failure modes of gears and in particular it remains the most frequent cause of damage in gears made of plastic materials and their composites. According to the results of experimental work carried out on the wear behavior of plastic gears and their composites, the wear prediction models developed for their metallic counterparts are not applicable to them. The main objective of this present work is to study the wear behavior of gear teeth made of plastic materials and their composites in order to develop a model of its prediction. In this paper, a mean wear approach is used to develop a model based on Archard's law for the prediction of wear in gears made of plastic materials and their composites. The model is built on experimental works observations and depends on the pair of materials and the operating conditions of the mesh, as well as the parameters which are determined once and for all from the initial experimental results. The model also takes into account the very significant thermal effect on the wear of plastic gears. The results from a simulation carried out, using MATLAB software for the pair of HDPE30B materials (HDPE polyethylene composite with 30% birch wood fiber) running under dry conditions, are presented and analyzed. The results are consistent with those of our experimental work and are mainly validated with a relative error below 15% by the latter. The models developed can already provide solutions to needs on an industrial scale.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"42 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474320
F. Rasool, Latief Ahmad, Amir Hassan, Shahida Iqbal, M. A. Sofi
Over the years there has been a drastic increase in heavy metal contamination in the soil due to a number of natural and industrial processes. As these heavy metals are non-biodegradable in nature, they remain in the environment for long periods of time and may infiltrate into the food chain through plants and eventually get accumulated in the human body via biomagnification. Because of their poisonous nature, they pose a major threat to human health and environment. Therefore, the process of cleaning up of this contamination from the environment is of great significance. Phytoremediation, an ecologically viable process, can be a very good mitigation strategy to rid the soil from this heavy metal pollution. Though phytoremediation is not capable of completely removing dangerous pollutants, it has no deleterious effect on the ecosystem as it is an environment friendly, cost-effective, and natural process. Different plants, the majority of which belong to the Brassicaceae family, that are used in the phytoremediation process are referred to as hyper accumulators. The efficacy of phytoremediation can be improved by having deeper knowledge and understanding of different mechanisms contributing to heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in plants. Different mechanisms such as phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, and rhizofiltration have been employed to reduce contamination of heavy metals in the soil. Among these, the first and second mechanisms are the most dependable. A number of factors are taken into consideration for choosing the most appropriate phytoremediation strategy for soil decontamination. There are a number of factors that influence the phytoremediation process which include the types of contaminants, their characteristics and the selection of plant species. Other factors to consider include climatic conditions, flooding and ageing, the effect of salt on the process, soil variables and the redox potential.
{"title":"Phytoremedation: An Effective Way to Treat Heavy Metal Contamination- A Review","authors":"F. Rasool, Latief Ahmad, Amir Hassan, Shahida Iqbal, M. A. Sofi","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474320","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years there has been a drastic increase in heavy metal contamination in the soil due to a number of natural and industrial processes. As these heavy metals are non-biodegradable in nature, they remain in the environment for long periods of time and may infiltrate into the food chain through plants and eventually get accumulated in the human body via biomagnification. Because of their poisonous nature, they pose a major threat to human health and environment. Therefore, the process of cleaning up of this contamination from the environment is of great significance. Phytoremediation, an ecologically viable process, can be a very good mitigation strategy to rid the soil from this heavy metal pollution. Though phytoremediation is not capable of completely removing dangerous pollutants, it has no deleterious effect on the ecosystem as it is an environment friendly, cost-effective, and natural process. Different plants, the majority of which belong to the Brassicaceae family, that are used in the phytoremediation process are referred to as hyper accumulators. The efficacy of phytoremediation can be improved by having deeper knowledge and understanding of different mechanisms contributing to heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in plants. Different mechanisms such as phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, and rhizofiltration have been employed to reduce contamination of heavy metals in the soil. Among these, the first and second mechanisms are the most dependable. A number of factors are taken into consideration for choosing the most appropriate phytoremediation strategy for soil decontamination. There are a number of factors that influence the phytoremediation process which include the types of contaminants, their characteristics and the selection of plant species. Other factors to consider include climatic conditions, flooding and ageing, the effect of salt on the process, soil variables and the redox potential.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474319
Abelim Passoli, Tiambo Abbas Datchossa, Douti Lare, Emmanuel Olodo
The promotion of ecological and renewable materials is gaining more and more interest. Some authors even maintain that the use of plant biomass helps to protect the environment, without giving any supporting values. The aim of this study is firstly to show how much carbon dioxide is saved by not burning sugar cane bagasse (SCB). Secondly, it highlights the structural advantages of using sugarcane bagasse in construction. To do this, we collected the carbon composition of sugarcane bagasse from the literature and evaluated the amount of carbon dioxide emitted during combustion using the carbon-to-carbon dioxide conversion equation. We then formulated an F0 control mortar. Volume fractions of this control mortar are replaced by sugarcane bagasse. For 0%, 3% and 6% rates of sugarcane bagasse, we obtained F0, F3 and F6 respectively. The results of this study show that the use of sugarcane bagasse in the mortar makes it possible to lighten the loads on the structural elements while improving the flexural strength of the mortar for a rate of 3% of sugarcane bagasse. In addition, the combustion equation shows that, in the best-case scenario, one kilogram of burnt sugarcane bagasse releases 1.77 kg of carbon dioxide. Using mortar reinforced with sugarcane bagasse therefore helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These mortars can also be used as infill elements such as joists.
{"title":"The Environmental Benefits of Using Sugarcane Bagasse in Cement Mortars","authors":"Abelim Passoli, Tiambo Abbas Datchossa, Douti Lare, Emmanuel Olodo","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474319","url":null,"abstract":"The promotion of ecological and renewable materials is gaining more and more interest. Some authors even maintain that the use of plant biomass helps to protect the environment, without giving any supporting values. The aim of this study is firstly to show how much carbon dioxide is saved by not burning sugar cane bagasse (SCB). Secondly, it highlights the structural advantages of using sugarcane bagasse in construction. To do this, we collected the carbon composition of sugarcane bagasse from the literature and evaluated the amount of carbon dioxide emitted during combustion using the carbon-to-carbon dioxide conversion equation. We then formulated an F0 control mortar. Volume fractions of this control mortar are replaced by sugarcane bagasse. For 0%, 3% and 6% rates of sugarcane bagasse, we obtained F0, F3 and F6 respectively. \u0000The results of this study show that the use of sugarcane bagasse in the mortar makes it possible to lighten the loads on the structural elements while improving the flexural strength of the mortar for a rate of 3% of sugarcane bagasse. In addition, the combustion equation shows that, in the best-case scenario, one kilogram of burnt sugarcane bagasse releases 1.77 kg of carbon dioxide. Using mortar reinforced with sugarcane bagasse therefore helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These mortars can also be used as infill elements such as joists.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"70 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138954706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474318
M. Ashraf, V. M. Victor, R. K. Naik
In the contemporary scenario, agriculture holds a pivotal position in India, surpassing other sectors in significance. The cultivation of sugarcane alone encompasses approximately 4.6 million hectares of land, positioning India as the second-largest contributor to global sugarcane growth. However, a burgeoning issue faced by farmers is the escalating labor shortage in rural areas, attributed to the migration of people to urban centers. Sugarcane stands as a crucial crop in India, and the harvesting process has undergone mechanization with the introduction of small sugarcane harvesting machines. To address the challenges of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and serviceability, new mechanisms have been incorporated into existing machines. Despite the availability of advanced sugarcane harvesters in the market, their high costs pose a significant hurdle. Presently, the country grapples with surplus sugar production, leading to an upsurge in the costs associated with sugarcane cultivation and harvesting. To navigate these challenges, the imperative lies in the development and adoption of cost-effective, small-scale sugarcane harvesting machines.
{"title":"Mechanizing Sugarcane Harvesting in India: A Review","authors":"M. Ashraf, V. M. Victor, R. K. Naik","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474318","url":null,"abstract":"In the contemporary scenario, agriculture holds a pivotal position in India, surpassing other sectors in significance. The cultivation of sugarcane alone encompasses approximately 4.6 million hectares of land, positioning India as the second-largest contributor to global sugarcane growth. However, a burgeoning issue faced by farmers is the escalating labor shortage in rural areas, attributed to the migration of people to urban centers. Sugarcane stands as a crucial crop in India, and the harvesting process has undergone mechanization with the introduction of small sugarcane harvesting machines. To address the challenges of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and serviceability, new mechanisms have been incorporated into existing machines. Despite the availability of advanced sugarcane harvesters in the market, their high costs pose a significant hurdle. Presently, the country grapples with surplus sugar production, leading to an upsurge in the costs associated with sugarcane cultivation and harvesting. To navigate these challenges, the imperative lies in the development and adoption of cost-effective, small-scale sugarcane harvesting machines.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138954904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474317
Akshit Thakur, Rahul Sharma, Reshu Rajput
The Fortification of food products with micronutrients to address their deficiencies is a concept which has been introduced over a hundred years from now. Yet the problem of malnutrition still persists in the 21st century. Micronutrient deficiencies are a problem which disproportionately affect vulnerable groups like women, children and low income families. Fortifying foods with required micro nutrients is a legitimate solution that employs highly effective strategies to combat deficiencies in these essential nutrients. Food fortification has been a vital part of missions to face micronutrient deficiencies worldwide especially in developing countries. In this review paper we have started with how fortification works as a viable solution in the current scenario worldwide. A historical overview has been provided. All over the world there are many programs where specific foods are mandated to be fortified with certain micronutrients in fixed amounts to make sure of proper nutritional access to affected socio-economic groups. We used data available from various research articles, government reports and policies to assess the current situation of fortification programs especially in regard to government stance and commitment through policies in India. Various potential advantages and risks of fortification have been analysed from available research.
{"title":"Food Fortification to Combat Micronutrient Deficiencies- A Review","authors":"Akshit Thakur, Rahul Sharma, Reshu Rajput","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474317","url":null,"abstract":"The Fortification of food products with micronutrients to address their deficiencies is a concept which has been introduced over a hundred years from now. Yet the problem of malnutrition still persists in the 21st century. Micronutrient deficiencies are a problem which disproportionately affect vulnerable groups like women, children and low income families. Fortifying foods with required micro nutrients is a legitimate solution that employs highly effective strategies to combat deficiencies in these essential nutrients. Food fortification has been a vital part of missions to face micronutrient deficiencies worldwide especially in developing countries. In this review paper we have started with how fortification works as a viable solution in the current scenario worldwide. A historical overview has been provided. All over the world there are many programs where specific foods are mandated to be fortified with certain micronutrients in fixed amounts to make sure of proper nutritional access to affected socio-economic groups. We used data available from various research articles, government reports and policies to assess the current situation of fortification programs especially in regard to government stance and commitment through policies in India. Various potential advantages and risks of fortification have been analysed from available research.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"102 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474316
Sharvari Patil, Nikhil Aklade, A. A. Uikey
The agricultural sector, especially in the realm of vegetable supply chains, has undergone a substantial transformation through the integration of digital tools. This review paper investigates the profound impact of cutting-edge technologies on agriculture, focusing on their implementation within the vegetable value chain. It covers in-depth analyses of various technological advancements such as big data analytics, RFID tags, IoT devices, blockchain technology, and artificial intelligence. The exploration includes a detailed examination of Ninjacart, a leading agricultural technology platform, as a case study exemplifying the practical application of these technologies. These innovations have revolutionized inventory management, ranging from predictive analytics for crop yield estimation to the utilization of RFID tags for real-time tracking. IoT devices have played a pivotal role in monitoring crop health and optimizing resource allocation, while blockchain technology ensures transparency and reliability in the supply chain. Moreover, AI-powered solutions have efficiently organized transportation routes and addressed complexities within the supply chain, significantly reducing food wastage. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of how digital technologies have reshaped the vegetable value chain, using the Ninjacart case study to highlight the tangible impact and practical implications of these advancements in real-world scenarios.
通过整合数字工具，农业部门，尤其是蔬菜供应链领域，已经发生了重大变革。这篇综述论文探讨了前沿技术对农业的深远影响，重点是这些技术在蔬菜价值链中的应用。论文深入分析了各种技术进步，如大数据分析、RFID 标签、物联网设备、区块链技术和人工智能。探讨内容包括对领先的农业技术平台 Ninjacart 的详细研究，作为这些技术实际应用的案例研究。这些创新彻底改变了库存管理，从用于作物产量估算的预测分析到用于实时跟踪的 RFID 标签，不一而足。物联网设备在监测作物健康和优化资源配置方面发挥了关键作用，而区块链技术则确保了供应链的透明度和可靠性。此外，人工智能驱动的解决方案有效地组织了运输路线，解决了供应链中的复杂问题，大大减少了粮食浪费。本文全面分析了数字技术如何重塑蔬菜价值链，并通过 Ninjacart 案例研究，强调了这些进步在现实世界中的实际影响和实际意义。
{"title":"Revolutionizing Vegetable Value Chains: A Comprehensive Review of Digital Technologies and their Impact on Agricultural Transformation","authors":"Sharvari Patil, Nikhil Aklade, A. A. Uikey","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474316","url":null,"abstract":"The agricultural sector, especially in the realm of vegetable supply chains, has undergone a substantial transformation through the integration of digital tools. This review paper investigates the profound impact of cutting-edge technologies on agriculture, focusing on their implementation within the vegetable value chain. It covers in-depth analyses of various technological advancements such as big data analytics, RFID tags, IoT devices, blockchain technology, and artificial intelligence. The exploration includes a detailed examination of Ninjacart, a leading agricultural technology platform, as a case study exemplifying the practical application of these technologies. These innovations have revolutionized inventory management, ranging from predictive analytics for crop yield estimation to the utilization of RFID tags for real-time tracking. IoT devices have played a pivotal role in monitoring crop health and optimizing resource allocation, while blockchain technology ensures transparency and reliability in the supply chain. Moreover, AI-powered solutions have efficiently organized transportation routes and addressed complexities within the supply chain, significantly reducing food wastage. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of how digital technologies have reshaped the vegetable value chain, using the Ninjacart case study to highlight the tangible impact and practical implications of these advancements in real-world scenarios.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138975056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474315
Swapnil Jain, S. C. Moses, R. N. Aalam, P. M. D’souza
Threshing and winnowing are two different operations if we proceed through traditional method, which involves a lot of physical effort, cost, drudgery; makes human lives difficult, time consuming and yields very low level of output etc. In view of all the associated problems the hybrid thresher was designed and fabricated. In this machine, Threshing and winnowing of paddy are done simultaneously. This designed machine can be powered by both motor and or pedal. Power source during operation can be changed by adjustments. Fabrication of this machine was done at the workshop of “Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering”. While research work was conducted on the farms of SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.). The threshing capacity obtained was found to be in the range of 70 - 90 kg/hr. Also, the average threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency and threshing losses obtained were 98 %, 94 % and 5% respectively. Hence, the machine so designed was found to be economical, efficient, time saving, reducing labour charges with good quality grains and minimum damages etc. The machine was designed keeping in view of human engineering and Ergonomics so as to provide comfortable for any user be it male or female.
{"title":"Design and Fabrication of a Hybrid Paddy Thresher with Aspirator","authors":"Swapnil Jain, S. C. Moses, R. N. Aalam, P. M. D’souza","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i474315","url":null,"abstract":"Threshing and winnowing are two different operations if we proceed through traditional method, which involves a lot of physical effort, cost, drudgery; makes human lives difficult, time consuming and yields very low level of output etc. In view of all the associated problems the hybrid thresher was designed and fabricated. In this machine, Threshing and winnowing of paddy are done simultaneously. This designed machine can be powered by both motor and or pedal. Power source during operation can be changed by adjustments. Fabrication of this machine was done at the workshop of “Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering”. While research work was conducted on the farms of SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.). The threshing capacity obtained was found to be in the range of 70 - 90 kg/hr. Also, the average threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency and threshing losses obtained were 98 %, 94 % and 5% respectively. Hence, the machine so designed was found to be economical, efficient, time saving, reducing labour charges with good quality grains and minimum damages etc. The machine was designed keeping in view of human engineering and Ergonomics so as to provide comfortable for any user be it male or female.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139001616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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