Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464297
Veena Rathore, Salnamchi J. Sangma, Vidhya C.S., Narmada Hidangmayum, Syed Rizwan Naqvi, Wankasaki Lytand, R. Indira, Ashiq Hussain Magrey
By utilizing three firm-level factors (financial conditions, corporate strategy, and ownership structure), the current study investigates how the impact of COVID-19 on Indian hospitality sectors' stock returns differs depending on the firms' pre-pandemic characteristics. The results of this study, which used 795 firm-year observations from annual reports and other databases, show that restaurant businesses with past traits of greater size, greater leverage, greater cash flows, lesser ROA, and greater internationalization are more resilient to stock declines in response to COVID-19 than other businesses of a similar nature. Conversely, there was no discernible moderating influence of dividends, franchising, institutional ownership, or managerial ownership on the association between COVID-19 and stock returns. By offering insights into the factors that affected India's industrial stock returns during the COVID-19 shock, this paper illuminates its research issue. The factors and methodology utilized in the current study can be applied in subsequent studies to deepen our understanding of the problem. One of the segments of the economy that is most adversely affected by COVID-19. The ability to contain the pandemic and the macroeconomic effectiveness of the policies implemented by public institutions to promote overall economic recovery are both essential to its recovery. In this context, industry stakeholders must evaluate both the potential influence of economic policies on the hotel sector as well as the direct economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic's evolution. The COVID-19 pandemic is thought to have had a particularly large impact on the hotel sector, and the uncertainty around how long the pandemic will last makes it difficult to predict how quickly things will turn around. In this regard, the goal of this exploratory study is to give insight into how prepared the hospitality industry is for COVID-19 risk, as motivated by their persistence and financial slack holdings. The empirical results support the notion that their risk readiness should be rated as having a low degree of financial slack. Most of the analyzed hospitality industry had little or no financial slack, and they had recently used up their financial slack resources. As a result, it is uncertain if the hospitality industry would be able to withstand the financial issues that resulted from the COVID-19 epidemic. We come to conclusions on the required system intervention design in light of this evidence that could help the hospitality industry avoid bankruptcy.
{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 on the Profitability of the Hospitality Industry","authors":"Veena Rathore, Salnamchi J. Sangma, Vidhya C.S., Narmada Hidangmayum, Syed Rizwan Naqvi, Wankasaki Lytand, R. Indira, Ashiq Hussain Magrey","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464297","url":null,"abstract":"By utilizing three firm-level factors (financial conditions, corporate strategy, and ownership structure), the current study investigates how the impact of COVID-19 on Indian hospitality sectors' stock returns differs depending on the firms' pre-pandemic characteristics. The results of this study, which used 795 firm-year observations from annual reports and other databases, show that restaurant businesses with past traits of greater size, greater leverage, greater cash flows, lesser ROA, and greater internationalization are more resilient to stock declines in response to COVID-19 than other businesses of a similar nature. Conversely, there was no discernible moderating influence of dividends, franchising, institutional ownership, or managerial ownership on the association between COVID-19 and stock returns. By offering insights into the factors that affected India's industrial stock returns during the COVID-19 shock, this paper illuminates its research issue. The factors and methodology utilized in the current study can be applied in subsequent studies to deepen our understanding of the problem. One of the segments of the economy that is most adversely affected by COVID-19. The ability to contain the pandemic and the macroeconomic effectiveness of the policies implemented by public institutions to promote overall economic recovery are both essential to its recovery. In this context, industry stakeholders must evaluate both the potential influence of economic policies on the hotel sector as well as the direct economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic's evolution. The COVID-19 pandemic is thought to have had a particularly large impact on the hotel sector, and the uncertainty around how long the pandemic will last makes it difficult to predict how quickly things will turn around. In this regard, the goal of this exploratory study is to give insight into how prepared the hospitality industry is for COVID-19 risk, as motivated by their persistence and financial slack holdings. The empirical results support the notion that their risk readiness should be rated as having a low degree of financial slack. Most of the analyzed hospitality industry had little or no financial slack, and they had recently used up their financial slack resources. As a result, it is uncertain if the hospitality industry would be able to withstand the financial issues that resulted from the COVID-19 epidemic. We come to conclusions on the required system intervention design in light of this evidence that could help the hospitality industry avoid bankruptcy.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464292
Bhavna Singh, Nanditha Pavithran, Reshu Rajput
The processing of food is a common method that converts raw materials into edible items that are safer, simpler to prepare and frequently more appealing to customers this change however has implications for the nutritional composition of meals It is used to describe the effects of different processing methods on vitamins, minerals and macronutrients etc understanding these consequences is critical for establishing healthy eating habits and improving public health. By refrigerating, below freezing, fermenting, drying, and adding salt or sugar, pathogen development can be decreased or prevented, pathogens can also be killed by using heat treatments such as pasteurization, sterilization and frying because these precautions help to safeguard customers, the majority of food-borne disease incidents involve pathogen-contaminated raw animal products, fruits, and vegetables etc. Food processing's function has varied over time, High-intensity economically processed food frequently has more added sugar, salt and calories, in addition to a lower micronutrient density than comparable food or meals cooked at home from raw or lightly treated sources food processing entails a number of procedures that might have an influence in the quality of food, especially nutritious quality as well as food safety heating and spray drying are all examples of food processing operations these processes can affect the content and quality of fats, vitamins, carbohydrates and proteins etc.
{"title":"Review- Effects of Food Processing on Nutrients","authors":"Bhavna Singh, Nanditha Pavithran, Reshu Rajput","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464292","url":null,"abstract":"The processing of food is a common method that converts raw materials into edible items that are safer, simpler to prepare and frequently more appealing to customers this change however has implications for the nutritional composition of meals It is used to describe the effects of different processing methods on vitamins, minerals and macronutrients etc understanding these consequences is critical for establishing healthy eating habits and improving public health. By refrigerating, below freezing, fermenting, drying, and adding salt or sugar, pathogen development can be decreased or prevented, pathogens can also be killed by using heat treatments such as pasteurization, sterilization and frying because these precautions help to safeguard customers, the majority of food-borne disease incidents involve pathogen-contaminated raw animal products, fruits, and vegetables etc. Food processing's function has varied over time, High-intensity economically processed food frequently has more added sugar, salt and calories, in addition to a lower micronutrient density than comparable food or meals cooked at home from raw or lightly treated sources food processing entails a number of procedures that might have an influence in the quality of food, especially nutritious quality as well as food safety heating and spray drying are all examples of food processing operations these processes can affect the content and quality of fats, vitamins, carbohydrates and proteins etc.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"110 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464289
Anushi, Shubham Jain, Manjunath Rathod, Gopa Mishra, V. L. P. Kumari, Hari Baksh, Saransh Saxena, Lalu Prasad
Plant tissue culture is emerging as a pivotal biotechnological tool with profound implications for medical therapy, particularly in the realm of herbal medicine. Medicinal plants have long been cherished for their natural healing properties. However, escalating demand, habitat destruction, and overharvesting have threatened the availability and sustainability of these valuable resources. Plant tissue culture addresses these concerns by enabling the mass propagation of medicinal plants. In controlled environments, plant tissues can be multiplied rapidly, providing a continuous and sustainable source of plant material. This not only safeguards wild populations but also ensures a consistent supply of bioactive compounds that form the basis of herbal therapies. One of the most transformative applications of plant tissue culture in medical therapy is the manipulation of secondary metabolite production. Medicinal plants synthesize a diverse array of bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, with therapeutic properties. Through precise control of growth conditions and genetic modification, plant tissue culture can enhance the yield of these compounds, thereby increasing the potency and efficacy of herbal medicines. This precision is instrumental in the pharmaceutical industry, where the isolation and production of specific bioactive compounds can lead to the development of novel drugs and therapies. In addition to bolstering yields, plant tissue culture offers the advantage of disease-free plant material. By maintaining cultures in sterile conditions, the risk of contaminants and pathogens is mitigated, enhancing the safety and quality of herbal medicines. These cultures can also serve as a continuous source of plant-derived compounds, enabling a consistent supply of bioactive substances. Furthermore, plant tissue culture is a crucial tool for research and development in the field of medicinal plants. It provides a controlled platform for studying plant biology, optimizing growth conditions, and investigating the mechanisms underlying secondary metabolite production. These insights contribute to the development of improved plant varieties with enhanced medicinal properties, addressing the evolving needs of medical therapy. While the potential of plant tissue culture in medical therapy is vast, it is essential to underscore the importance of rigorous research, quality control, and safety assessments. Ensuring the safety and efficacy of products derived from tissue-cultured plants is paramount to their acceptance and use in medical applications. Compliance with regulatory standards and collaboration with healthcare professionals are integral to upholding the quality and safety of medicinal products.
{"title":"Plant Tissue Culture for Medical Therapy: Unlocking the Potential of Medicinal Plants","authors":"Anushi, Shubham Jain, Manjunath Rathod, Gopa Mishra, V. L. P. Kumari, Hari Baksh, Saransh Saxena, Lalu Prasad","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464289","url":null,"abstract":"Plant tissue culture is emerging as a pivotal biotechnological tool with profound implications for medical therapy, particularly in the realm of herbal medicine. Medicinal plants have long been cherished for their natural healing properties. However, escalating demand, habitat destruction, and overharvesting have threatened the availability and sustainability of these valuable resources. Plant tissue culture addresses these concerns by enabling the mass propagation of medicinal plants. In controlled environments, plant tissues can be multiplied rapidly, providing a continuous and sustainable source of plant material. This not only safeguards wild populations but also ensures a consistent supply of bioactive compounds that form the basis of herbal therapies. One of the most transformative applications of plant tissue culture in medical therapy is the manipulation of secondary metabolite production. Medicinal plants synthesize a diverse array of bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, with therapeutic properties. Through precise control of growth conditions and genetic modification, plant tissue culture can enhance the yield of these compounds, thereby increasing the potency and efficacy of herbal medicines. This precision is instrumental in the pharmaceutical industry, where the isolation and production of specific bioactive compounds can lead to the development of novel drugs and therapies. In addition to bolstering yields, plant tissue culture offers the advantage of disease-free plant material. By maintaining cultures in sterile conditions, the risk of contaminants and pathogens is mitigated, enhancing the safety and quality of herbal medicines. These cultures can also serve as a continuous source of plant-derived compounds, enabling a consistent supply of bioactive substances. Furthermore, plant tissue culture is a crucial tool for research and development in the field of medicinal plants. It provides a controlled platform for studying plant biology, optimizing growth conditions, and investigating the mechanisms underlying secondary metabolite production. These insights contribute to the development of improved plant varieties with enhanced medicinal properties, addressing the evolving needs of medical therapy. While the potential of plant tissue culture in medical therapy is vast, it is essential to underscore the importance of rigorous research, quality control, and safety assessments. Ensuring the safety and efficacy of products derived from tissue-cultured plants is paramount to their acceptance and use in medical applications. Compliance with regulatory standards and collaboration with healthcare professionals are integral to upholding the quality and safety of medicinal products.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"54 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464288
Suman Choudhary, Pradyumn Singh, Prince Mahore, Mitesh Makwana, Dheerendra Mahor
A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Rajmata Vijyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh during the Kharif season 2022-23. To study the population dynamics of insect pests of cowpea during Kharif, 2022, incidence of insect pests was observed on kharif cowpea, namely aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch) thrips, Megleurothrips distalis (karny), Jassid, Empoasca kerri (Pruthi) and whiteflies, Acaudaleyrodes rachipora (Singh). Results revealed that the A. craccivora population first became apparent in the third week of August (33rd SMW) with 7.43. The activeness of A. craccivora per plant (19.89) was at peak level was recorded in the 37th standard week. The infestation of E. kerri and A. rachipora commenced in the second week of August (32nd SMW) with a mean population of 0.91 E. kerri per plant and 1.89 A. rachipora per plant. At second week of September (36th SMW), the mean value of E. kerri and A. rachipora population was reached their highest activity with 10.24 E. kerri and 5.45 A. rachipora per plant. M. distalis population appeared in first time in the fourth week of August (34th SMW) with 2.72 M. distalis per plant. The peak activity of M. distalis (6.89) was recorded in the 37th standard week, or the second week of September. The population of A. rachipora and E. Kerri showed a highly significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (r= 0.738*) and (r= 0.582*), and A. rachipora showed a positive correlation with maximum temperature (r= 0.580*) respectively. However, the population of A. craccivora and M. distalis showed a significant negative correlation with evening relative humidity (r= -0.519*) and (r= -0.582*).
{"title":"Study on Population Dynamics of Insect Pests of Cowpea in Gird Region of Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"Suman Choudhary, Pradyumn Singh, Prince Mahore, Mitesh Makwana, Dheerendra Mahor","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i464288","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Rajmata Vijyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh during the Kharif season 2022-23. To study the population dynamics of insect pests of cowpea during Kharif, 2022, incidence of insect pests was observed on kharif cowpea, namely aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch) thrips, Megleurothrips distalis (karny), Jassid, Empoasca kerri (Pruthi) and whiteflies, Acaudaleyrodes rachipora (Singh). Results revealed that the A. craccivora population first became apparent in the third week of August (33rd SMW) with 7.43. The activeness of A. craccivora per plant (19.89) was at peak level was recorded in the 37th standard week. The infestation of E. kerri and A. rachipora commenced in the second week of August (32nd SMW) with a mean population of 0.91 E. kerri per plant and 1.89 A. rachipora per plant. At second week of September (36th SMW), the mean value of E. kerri and A. rachipora population was reached their highest activity with 10.24 E. kerri and 5.45 A. rachipora per plant. M. distalis population appeared in first time in the fourth week of August (34th SMW) with 2.72 M. distalis per plant. The peak activity of M. distalis (6.89) was recorded in the 37th standard week, or the second week of September. The population of A. rachipora and E. Kerri showed a highly significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (r= 0.738*) and (r= 0.582*), and A. rachipora showed a positive correlation with maximum temperature (r= 0.580*) respectively. However, the population of A. craccivora and M. distalis showed a significant negative correlation with evening relative humidity (r= -0.519*) and (r= -0.582*).","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454287
Rakesh Dawar, Faris P., Shyam Karan, D. K. Meena, S. Padhan, A. K. Yogi, R. S. Bana
Pulses are a group of leguminous crops that include beans, lentils, chickpeas, and peas. They are a vital source of plant-based protein and essential nutrients, serving as a key component in diets worldwide. In rainfed areas, where agriculture is heavily reliant on rainfall rather than irrigation, pulses play a crucial role in sustaining food production. Due to their ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, pulses improve soil fertility, making them suitable for rainfed agricultural systems. The cultivation of pulses in rainfed areas helps enhance the nutritional status of soils and promotes sustainable agriculture practices. Pulses not only contribute to food security but also have several socio-economic benefits. They provide opportunities for income generation and employment, empowering local communities and reducing rural poverty. Furthermore, pulses have significant environmental benefits, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing biodiversity through crop rotation and intercropping. However, despite their nutritional and environmental advantages, the production and consumption of pulses face various challenges. These challenges include limited access to quality seeds, inadequate post-harvest management practices, and low awareness of pulse-based nutrition. Addressing these challenges requires interventions at multiple levels, including research and development, policy support, and promotion of pulse-based nutritious diets. In conclusion, pulses are a crucial component in ensuring food security and promoting sustainable agriculture practices in rainfed areas. Their cultivation and consumption contribute to improved nutrition, income generation, and environmental sustainability. To fully harness the potential of pulses, it is essential to address the challenges and create an enabling environment that encourages their production, consumption, and value addition throughout the food system.
{"title":"Pulses: Nourishing Communities and Ensuring Food Security in Rainfed Areas","authors":"Rakesh Dawar, Faris P., Shyam Karan, D. K. Meena, S. Padhan, A. K. Yogi, R. S. Bana","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454287","url":null,"abstract":"Pulses are a group of leguminous crops that include beans, lentils, chickpeas, and peas. They are a vital source of plant-based protein and essential nutrients, serving as a key component in diets worldwide. In rainfed areas, where agriculture is heavily reliant on rainfall rather than irrigation, pulses play a crucial role in sustaining food production. Due to their ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, pulses improve soil fertility, making them suitable for rainfed agricultural systems. The cultivation of pulses in rainfed areas helps enhance the nutritional status of soils and promotes sustainable agriculture practices. Pulses not only contribute to food security but also have several socio-economic benefits. They provide opportunities for income generation and employment, empowering local communities and reducing rural poverty. Furthermore, pulses have significant environmental benefits, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing biodiversity through crop rotation and intercropping. However, despite their nutritional and environmental advantages, the production and consumption of pulses face various challenges. These challenges include limited access to quality seeds, inadequate post-harvest management practices, and low awareness of pulse-based nutrition. Addressing these challenges requires interventions at multiple levels, including research and development, policy support, and promotion of pulse-based nutritious diets. In conclusion, pulses are a crucial component in ensuring food security and promoting sustainable agriculture practices in rainfed areas. Their cultivation and consumption contribute to improved nutrition, income generation, and environmental sustainability. To fully harness the potential of pulses, it is essential to address the challenges and create an enabling environment that encourages their production, consumption, and value addition throughout the food system.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454285
K. Sindhura, V. S. Tekale, Pranali N. Thakare
Indian sub-continent is blessed with different agro-climatic conditions, which favours the cultivation of vegetables throughout the year. Vegetable cultivation has always been a source of supplementary income besides providing gainful employment through intensive cultivation. The present study aims to analyze the regression analysis of extension needs of vegetable growers in Amaravati division of Maharashtra state. The study was carried out in 10 villages located in the Akola and Amravati districts of the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state with a sample size of 120 respondents. An exploratory research design was used for conducting the study. The results of multiple regression analysis of various characteristics of the vegetable growers with their extension needs showed that selected variables are positively significant with extension needs and the selected independent variables collectively contributed only to the extent of 64.52 percent variation in the dependent variable. The findings of this study contributed for a better understanding of the extension needs of the vegetable growers and helps in developing targeted interventions and support services for their specific needs.
{"title":"Regression Analysis of Extension Needs of Vegetable Growers in Amaravati Division of Maharashtra State, India","authors":"K. Sindhura, V. S. Tekale, Pranali N. Thakare","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454285","url":null,"abstract":"Indian sub-continent is blessed with different agro-climatic conditions, which favours the cultivation of vegetables throughout the year. Vegetable cultivation has always been a source of supplementary income besides providing gainful employment through intensive cultivation. The present study aims to analyze the regression analysis of extension needs of vegetable growers in Amaravati division of Maharashtra state. The study was carried out in 10 villages located in the Akola and Amravati districts of the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state with a sample size of 120 respondents. An exploratory research design was used for conducting the study. The results of multiple regression analysis of various characteristics of the vegetable growers with their extension needs showed that selected variables are positively significant with extension needs and the selected independent variables collectively contributed only to the extent of 64.52 percent variation in the dependent variable. The findings of this study contributed for a better understanding of the extension needs of the vegetable growers and helps in developing targeted interventions and support services for their specific needs.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454284
Moumouni Derra, Telado Luc Bambara, Karim Kaboré, Yalgado Zakaria Sawadogo, O. Cisse, François Zougmoré
The objective of this study is to estimate the degree of heavy metal pollution (As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl and Zn) of market gardening soils in the Kadiogo region. This work provides reassurance about the quality of the studies soils in the central region of Burkina Faso. Thirty-two (32) market garden soil samples, including two (02) for the background, were measured using ICP-MS. Indeed, the results show that the average concentrations of heavy metals in the 0-20 cm soil profile respect the recommended limits. However, Contamination Factors (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) show that certain soils are polluted. These indices reveal that the pollution of exploited soils differs not only from one site to another but also between the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm levels. Thus, the most polluted soil on the surface (0-10 cm) is SK2 in Koubri with a PLI of 8.20 compared to 0.24 for STD1 in Tanghin-Dassouri. For the 10-20 cm horizon, the PLI values show that the soils PO5 (Pissy), PO1 (CHU-YO), PO2 (CHU-YO) and PK3 (Koubri) already polluted at the surface (0-10 cm) the rest in profile (10-20 cm). Also, we can emphasize that the presence of non-essential trace metal elements such as Pb, As and Hg constitute a threat to the health of consumers of market garden products from these sites. In addition, the low concentrations of metals in the soil samples suggest that this is diffuse pollution.
{"title":"Estimation of the Degree of Heavy Metal Pollution in Market Gardening Soils in Kadiogo Region, Burkina Faso","authors":"Moumouni Derra, Telado Luc Bambara, Karim Kaboré, Yalgado Zakaria Sawadogo, O. Cisse, François Zougmoré","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454284","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to estimate the degree of heavy metal pollution (As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl and Zn) of market gardening soils in the Kadiogo region. This work provides reassurance about the quality of the studies soils in the central region of Burkina Faso. Thirty-two (32) market garden soil samples, including two (02) for the background, were measured using ICP-MS. Indeed, the results show that the average concentrations of heavy metals in the 0-20 cm soil profile respect the recommended limits. However, Contamination Factors (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) show that certain soils are polluted. These indices reveal that the pollution of exploited soils differs not only from one site to another but also between the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm levels. Thus, the most polluted soil on the surface (0-10 cm) is SK2 in Koubri with a PLI of 8.20 compared to 0.24 for STD1 in Tanghin-Dassouri. For the 10-20 cm horizon, the PLI values show that the soils PO5 (Pissy), PO1 (CHU-YO), PO2 (CHU-YO) and PK3 (Koubri) already polluted at the surface (0-10 cm) the rest in profile (10-20 cm). Also, we can emphasize that the presence of non-essential trace metal elements such as Pb, As and Hg constitute a threat to the health of consumers of market garden products from these sites. In addition, the low concentrations of metals in the soil samples suggest that this is diffuse pollution.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139210713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454283
Namande Scovia, Christopher Ddamulira, Stephen S. Kizza, David Mutekanga
There is a global challenge mainly manifested in developing economies where compliance to safety measures in the use of pesticide especially by farmers is very low resulting in health challenges. This study therefore aimed at assessing the determinants of compliance to safety measures in the use of pesticide among local farmers in Miirya Sub County of Masindi District, Uganda. The objectives of the study were to identify the individual and institutional determinants related to compliance, then establish the level of compliance and finally determine the association between the different factors and compliance to safety measures in the use of pesticides among small scale farmers. Systematic random sampling was used to select the respondents, and a research-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, at 95% level of significance. Chi square analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to test for significance. The study found that the level of compliance to safe measures in the use of pesticides among farmers was low (30.2%). Findings also showed that the majority of the respondents were 40 years and above (66.7%), primary graduates (61.8%), married (84.0%), high knowledge level (94.8%), negative attitudes towards safe use of pesticides (70.8%), high risk perception (91.7%), no influence of peers (57.9%), using pesticide toxicity classes II and III (66.7%), never been trained on PPEs (53.2%), never received inspection in the past year (70.5%), and SOPs in place (81.4%).The bivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that farmer’s attitude; risk perception and standard operating procedures (SOPs) in place were significantly associated with compliance to safe measures in the use of pesticides among farmers (p < 0.05). The most significant factors influencing compliance among the local farmers are attitude, risk perception and SOPs. Once the above are targeted there is bound to be a positive change in the adherence to safety measures. The study therefore recommends that there is need for local farmers to be made aware of the risks attached to improper use of pesticides and the reinforcement of provisions and adherence to standard operating procedures by the relevant authorities.
全球面临的一个挑战主要体现在发展中经济体，这些经济体的农民在使用杀虫剂时对安全措施的遵守程度非常低，从而导致健康方面的挑战。因此，本研究旨在评估乌干达马辛迪区 Miirya 县当地农民在使用杀虫剂时遵守安全措施的决定因素。研究的目标是确定与遵守相关的个人和机构决定因素，然后确定遵守水平，最后确定不同因素与小规模农户遵守农药使用安全措施之间的关联。 研究采用了系统随机抽样的方法来选择受访者，并使用研究发放的问卷来收集数据。数据分析采用描述性和推论性统计方法，显著性水平为 95%。检验显著性时使用了卡方分析和二元逻辑回归分析。 研究发现，农民在使用农药时遵守安全措施的程度较低（30.2%）。调查结果还显示，大多数受访者年龄在 40 岁及以上（66.7%），小学毕业（61.8%），已婚（84.0%），知识水平高（94.8%），对安全使用农药持消极态度（70.8%），风险意识高（91.7%），不受同伴影响（57.9%），使用毒性等级为 II 级和 III 级的农药（66.7%），从未接受过个人防护设备培训（53.双变量逻辑回归分析表明，农民的态度、风险认知和标准操作程序（SOP）与农民遵守农药使用安全措施显著相关（P < 0.05）。 影响当地农民遵守规定的最重要因素是态度、风险意识和标准操作程序。一旦上述因素成为目标，遵守安全措施的情况必然会发生积极变化。因此，研究建议有必要让当地农民认识到不当使用农药的风险，并加强相关部门对标准操作程序的规定和遵守。
{"title":"Factors Influencing Compliance to Safety Measures in Pesticide Use among Small-scale Farmers in Miryia Subcounty, Masindi District, Uganda","authors":"Namande Scovia, Christopher Ddamulira, Stephen S. Kizza, David Mutekanga","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i454283","url":null,"abstract":"There is a global challenge mainly manifested in developing economies where compliance to safety measures in the use of pesticide especially by farmers is very low resulting in health challenges. This study therefore aimed at assessing the determinants of compliance to safety measures in the use of pesticide among local farmers in Miirya Sub County of Masindi District, Uganda. The objectives of the study were to identify the individual and institutional determinants related to compliance, then establish the level of compliance and finally determine the association between the different factors and compliance to safety measures in the use of pesticides among small scale farmers. Systematic random sampling was used to select the respondents, and a research-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, at 95% level of significance. Chi square analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to test for significance. The study found that the level of compliance to safe measures in the use of pesticides among farmers was low (30.2%). Findings also showed that the majority of the respondents were 40 years and above (66.7%), primary graduates (61.8%), married (84.0%), high knowledge level (94.8%), negative attitudes towards safe use of pesticides (70.8%), high risk perception (91.7%), no influence of peers (57.9%), using pesticide toxicity classes II and III (66.7%), never been trained on PPEs (53.2%), never received inspection in the past year (70.5%), and SOPs in place (81.4%).The bivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that farmer’s attitude; risk perception and standard operating procedures (SOPs) in place were significantly associated with compliance to safe measures in the use of pesticides among farmers (p < 0.05). The most significant factors influencing compliance among the local farmers are attitude, risk perception and SOPs. Once the above are targeted there is bound to be a positive change in the adherence to safety measures. The study therefore recommends that there is need for local farmers to be made aware of the risks attached to improper use of pesticides and the reinforcement of provisions and adherence to standard operating procedures by the relevant authorities.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139212267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444282
Abirami K., Murugan B., Karthikeyan N., Nithyalakshmi V.
Shrikhand is a fermented dairy product and it is well-known in the western half of India's southern peninsula. The high sugar content of shrikhand contributes to total energy intake; carbohydrates are the food group that both dieters and diabetics are most limited from eating. An attempt was made to develop shrikhand by substituting sugar with aqueous extracts of stevia and liquorice, followed by the addition of guava pulp and aqueous extracts of dragon fruit peel at various levels. Initially, sugar of 40% of chakka weight was substituted by aqueous extracts of stevia and liquorice in four different ratios viz., 75:12.5:12.5(T1), 50:25:25(T2), 25:37.5:37.5(T3), 0:50:50(T4) of sugar to aqueous extracts of stevia and liquorice with control (T0) in the ratio of 100:0:0 and the low calorie shrikhand was optimized. Then it was followed by the addition of guava pulp at different concentrations viz., 5% (TG1), 10% (TG2), 15% (TG3), 20% (TG4) of chakka weight and aqueous extract of dragon fruit peel of 5% (TD1), 10% (TD2), 15% (TD3), 20% (TD4) of chakka weight to incorporate fibre and antioxidant properties in shrikhand respectively. Using a 9-point hedonic scale, sensory qualities (colour and appearance, body and texture, flavour and overall acceptability) of the developed product were evaluated by the semi-trained panels. As a result of sensory evaluation, the shrikhand with 50:25:25 ratio of sugar to aqueous extract of stevia and liquorice, 15% of guava pulp of chakka weight and 10% of aqueous extract of dragon fruit peel of chakka weight scored the highest overall acceptability of 8.13±0.26, 8.49±0.14 and 8.33±0.49 respectively. The mean ± SE values of moisture, total solids, protein, fat, fibre, total ash content, carbohydrates and energy of the control were 54.43±0.03, 47.57±0.02, 10.56±0.09, 13.14±0.02, 0, 0.98±0.01, 20.89±0.07 and 224.03±4.15 whereas the corresponding average values of the functional shrikhand were 67.61±0.05, 32.39±0.01, 11.21±0.04, 2.39±0.03, 5.78±0.09, 0.99±0.02, 12.02±0.05 and 96.43±3.26 respectively.
{"title":"Optimization and Nutritional Analysis of Low Calorie Functional Shrikhand","authors":"Abirami K., Murugan B., Karthikeyan N., Nithyalakshmi V.","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444282","url":null,"abstract":"Shrikhand is a fermented dairy product and it is well-known in the western half of India's southern peninsula. The high sugar content of shrikhand contributes to total energy intake; carbohydrates are the food group that both dieters and diabetics are most limited from eating. An attempt was made to develop shrikhand by substituting sugar with aqueous extracts of stevia and liquorice, followed by the addition of guava pulp and aqueous extracts of dragon fruit peel at various levels. Initially, sugar of 40% of chakka weight was substituted by aqueous extracts of stevia and liquorice in four different ratios viz., 75:12.5:12.5(T1), 50:25:25(T2), 25:37.5:37.5(T3), 0:50:50(T4) of sugar to aqueous extracts of stevia and liquorice with control (T0) in the ratio of 100:0:0 and the low calorie shrikhand was optimized. Then it was followed by the addition of guava pulp at different concentrations viz., 5% (TG1), 10% (TG2), 15% (TG3), 20% (TG4) of chakka weight and aqueous extract of dragon fruit peel of 5% (TD1), 10% (TD2), 15% (TD3), 20% (TD4) of chakka weight to incorporate fibre and antioxidant properties in shrikhand respectively. Using a 9-point hedonic scale, sensory qualities (colour and appearance, body and texture, flavour and overall acceptability) of the developed product were evaluated by the semi-trained panels. As a result of sensory evaluation, the shrikhand with 50:25:25 ratio of sugar to aqueous extract of stevia and liquorice, 15% of guava pulp of chakka weight and 10% of aqueous extract of dragon fruit peel of chakka weight scored the highest overall acceptability of 8.13±0.26, 8.49±0.14 and 8.33±0.49 respectively. The mean ± SE values of moisture, total solids, protein, fat, fibre, total ash content, carbohydrates and energy of the control were 54.43±0.03, 47.57±0.02, 10.56±0.09, 13.14±0.02, 0, 0.98±0.01, 20.89±0.07 and 224.03±4.15 whereas the corresponding average values of the functional shrikhand were 67.61±0.05, 32.39±0.01, 11.21±0.04, 2.39±0.03, 5.78±0.09, 0.99±0.02, 12.02±0.05 and 96.43±3.26 respectively.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139223939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444280
Preeti Kaur, Pooja Kapoor
With the introduction of hydroponics, a cutting-edge technique that is completely changing conventional procedures, the long-standing practice of mushroom growing has changed to suit modern difficulties. Traditionally cultivated in natural substrates, mushrooms are currently flourishing in hydroponic systems, which substitute nutrient-rich water solutions for soil. This change brings about an evolution in the mushroom industry and satisfies the growing need for sustainable agriculture methods. The advantages of hydroponic mushroom culture are unmatched; they include better nutrient control, year-round output, space efficiency, and pest and disease control. Growers can customize fertilizer levels and create ideal growing conditions for a variety of mushroom species thanks to the accuracy of hydroponic systems. Hydroponics overcomes seasonal limitations to guarantee steady mushroom production, satisfying the rising need for fresh produce that is acquired locally. Its layout maximizes available space, which is especially beneficial for urban farming. usage of land. Because hydroponics is an environmentally benign method, there is less chance of soil-borne illnesses and pests, which means less need for chemical treatments. This method creates a regulated, pollution-free atmosphere that promotes improved mushroom quality and consistency. In addition, hydroponic mushroom farming reduces nutrient leakage and uses less water, which is in line with the global trend toward ecologically friendly farming methods. To sum up, the application of hydroponics to the growth of mushrooms represents a revolutionary advancement in mycology. Improved sustainability, production, and profit for mushroom growers are among the benefits that follow. Hydroponics is a viable solution that could revolutionize the mushroom business and make a substantial contribution towards achieving greater sustainability in agriculture as demand for mushrooms develops.
{"title":"Revolutionizing Mushroom Cultivation: A Comprehensive Review of Hydroponics in Fungiculture","authors":"Preeti Kaur, Pooja Kapoor","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444280","url":null,"abstract":"With the introduction of hydroponics, a cutting-edge technique that is completely changing conventional procedures, the long-standing practice of mushroom growing has changed to suit modern difficulties. Traditionally cultivated in natural substrates, mushrooms are currently flourishing in hydroponic systems, which substitute nutrient-rich water solutions for soil. This change brings about an evolution in the mushroom industry and satisfies the growing need for sustainable agriculture methods. The advantages of hydroponic mushroom culture are unmatched; they include better nutrient control, year-round output, space efficiency, and pest and disease control. Growers can customize fertilizer levels and create ideal growing conditions for a variety of mushroom species thanks to the accuracy of hydroponic systems. Hydroponics overcomes seasonal limitations to guarantee steady mushroom production, satisfying the rising need for fresh produce that is acquired locally. Its layout maximizes available space, which is especially beneficial for urban farming. usage of land. Because hydroponics is an environmentally benign method, there is less chance of soil-borne illnesses and pests, which means less need for chemical treatments. This method creates a regulated, pollution-free atmosphere that promotes improved mushroom quality and consistency. In addition, hydroponic mushroom farming reduces nutrient leakage and uses less water, which is in line with the global trend toward ecologically friendly farming methods. To sum up, the application of hydroponics to the growth of mushrooms represents a revolutionary advancement in mycology. Improved sustainability, production, and profit for mushroom growers are among the benefits that follow. Hydroponics is a viable solution that could revolutionize the mushroom business and make a substantial contribution towards achieving greater sustainability in agriculture as demand for mushrooms develops.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：