Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9780429446924-20
J. Soto, C. Romanel
{"title":"2D and 3D rock slope stability analysis in an open-pit mine","authors":"J. Soto, C. Romanel","doi":"10.1201/9780429446924-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446924-20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"422 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120897335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9780429446924-76
A. Ahayan, B. Cerfontaine, F. Collin, P. Kotronis
Monopiles have been by far the most common support structure for offshore turbines. They have always been an appropriate solution for complex site conditions. Design of monopiles is usually based on the use of nonlinear p-y curve. These curves are primordially based on the use of simple constitutive models for soil, such as Tresca criterion. Since soil behavior is highly non-linear and very complex, fundamental features of soil such as anisotropy, creep, or destructuration have to be taken into consideration. Accordingly, it is necessary to consider more complex soil behavior constitutive models. This work aims to explain, via FEM simulations, the influence of different constitutive laws for soil, on the laterally loaded pile responses. Tresca, Mohr-Coulomb criteria and Modified Cam-Clay model have been compared and their effect on p-y curve is analyzed.
{"title":"Behaviour of laterally loaded pile","authors":"A. Ahayan, B. Cerfontaine, F. Collin, P. Kotronis","doi":"10.1201/9780429446924-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446924-76","url":null,"abstract":"Monopiles have been by far the most common support structure for offshore turbines. They have always been an appropriate solution for complex site conditions. Design of monopiles is usually based on the use of nonlinear p-y curve. These curves are primordially based on the use of simple constitutive models for soil, such as Tresca criterion. Since soil behavior is highly non-linear and very complex, fundamental features of soil such as anisotropy, creep, or destructuration have to be taken into consideration. Accordingly, it is necessary to consider more complex soil behavior constitutive models. This work aims to explain, via FEM simulations, the influence of different constitutive laws for soil, on the laterally loaded pile responses. Tresca, Mohr-Coulomb criteria and Modified Cam-Clay model have been compared and their effect on p-y curve is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129585247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9780429446931-109
P. To, N. Sivakugan
Silo, a very popular structure in powder and mining industry, is a vertical container with an open outlet at the bottom and an optional inlet at the top. The design of silo requires a deep understanding of stress distribution at boundaries in both static and dynamic condition. Prior numerical studies use Finite Element Method or Finite Difference Method which shows an increase of vertical stress before it is leveled out by friction at a shallow depth. This is understandable for continuous media because the settlement caused by vertical stress must stop at some level. Nevertheless, experimental studies show that the vertical stress of the granular and porous media still increases with a constant rate even at a much greater depth. Although the Discrete Element Method (DEM) can simulate granular materials, it has some difficulties in determination of stress distribution because it is based on contact force, not the stress. This paper employs DEM with sphero-polyhedra shapes to simulate the behaviour of granular materials in silos. The stress distribution is calculated as average values. This requires a significant number of particles. Therefore, the paper focuses on narrowly graded materials. Some correlation with experimental data has been found.
{"title":"Boundary stress distribution in silos filled with granular material","authors":"P. To, N. Sivakugan","doi":"10.1201/9780429446931-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446931-109","url":null,"abstract":"Silo, a very popular structure in powder and mining industry, is a vertical container with an open outlet at the bottom and an optional inlet at the top. The design of silo requires a deep understanding of stress distribution at boundaries in both static and dynamic condition. Prior numerical studies use Finite Element Method or Finite Difference Method which shows an increase of vertical stress before it is leveled out by friction at a shallow depth. This is understandable for continuous media because the settlement caused by vertical stress must stop at some level. Nevertheless, experimental studies show that the vertical stress of the granular and porous media still increases with a constant rate even at a much greater depth. Although the Discrete Element Method (DEM) can simulate granular materials, it has some difficulties in determination of stress distribution because it is based on contact force, not the stress. This paper employs DEM with sphero-polyhedra shapes to simulate the behaviour of granular materials in silos. The stress distribution is calculated as average values. This requires a significant number of particles. Therefore, the paper focuses on narrowly graded materials. Some correlation with experimental data has been found.","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131067720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consideration of numerical methods in next generation Eurocode 7 (EN 1997)—current state of the amendment","authors":"A. Lees, H. Walter","doi":"10.1201/9780429446924-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446924-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132344985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9781351003629-146
G. Pisco, C. Fartaria, R. Tomásio, J. Costa, J. Azevedo
A numerical analysis was performed simulating the deep excavation and dewatering effects on retaining walls of an unsymmetrical railcar unloading pit and trench. The pit has a depth of 22 meters and an internal diameter of 45 meters. The trench is non-collinear with the pit center and it has 12 m width by 122 m length. A 3D Finite Element Model using PLAXIS software was conducted in order to better estimate both general and local effects in the design of the pit’s structural elements, mainly due to the singularities introduced by the trench opening on the west side of the pit wall, as well as the trench excavation. Both geotechnical and hydrogeological characteristics of the site were taken into consideration, as well as the main construction stages, covering the excavation sequence and the groundwater inflow analysis. RÉSUMÉ: Dans cet article ont présent une analyse numérique qui a été développe pour simuler une excavation profonde et l’effet du rebattement de la nappe phréatique dans les murs de soutènement d'un puit non symétrique pour l’extraction et le stockage des minéraux avec l’aide des wagons. Avec une profondeur de 22m et un diamètre intérieur de 45m, le puit circulaire a une intersection de 12m avec une zone en couloir rectangulaire d’accès au puit, placée de façon non aligné avec le centre du puit. Un modelé 3D a été développe avec l’aide du software PLAXIS tenant l’objective d’estimer numériquement les effets locaux e globaux dans le dimensionnent des éléments structurels du puit, en particulier les effets de l ́excavation dans la zone d’ouverture correspondent à l’intersection avec le couloir d’accès. Les caractéristiques géotechniques e hydrogéologiques ont été considérés dans le modèle numérique, bien aussi comme les phases des excavations plus importants et l ́analyse de l ́entrée de l’eau à l’intérieur du puit.
采用数值模拟方法，对非对称轨道车辆卸车坑和卸车沟挡土墙的深开挖和降水效应进行了数值分析。坑深22米，内径45米。该沟与坑中心非共线，宽12米，长122米。利用PLAXIS软件建立了三维有限元模型，以更好地估计基坑结构单元设计的总体和局部影响，主要是由于基坑西侧的沟槽开口以及沟槽开挖带来的奇异性。考虑了场地的岩土和水文地质特征，以及主要施工阶段，包括开挖顺序和地下水流入分析。RÉSUMÉ:在这篇文章中，我们分析了在挖掘深度时，所有的samsamrique都是与samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique和samsamrique相同的samsamrique。直径为22m，直径为45m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m，直径为12m。联合国3 d模型的疾病developpe用l 'aide du软件PLAXIS租户l 'objective d 'estimer numeriquement les运用locaux e globaux在dimensionnent des元素structurels du冶金部en particulier les运用de ĺ开挖在区d·卢维杜尔记者l 'intersection用通道d 'acces。里面的岩土工程特点为e hydrogeologiques高频考虑在模型中numerique,好也像莱斯阶段des发掘+ et ĺ分析de l饶有兴致́主菜de l 'interieur du冶金部威尼斯。
{"title":"Numerical analysis of an unsymmetrical railcar unloading pit and connection trench","authors":"G. Pisco, C. Fartaria, R. Tomásio, J. Costa, J. Azevedo","doi":"10.1201/9781351003629-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351003629-146","url":null,"abstract":"A numerical analysis was performed simulating the deep excavation and dewatering effects on retaining walls of an unsymmetrical railcar unloading pit and trench. The pit has a depth of 22 meters and an internal diameter of 45 meters. The trench is non-collinear with the pit center and it has 12 m width by 122 m length. A 3D Finite Element Model using PLAXIS software was conducted in order to better estimate both general and local effects in the design of the pit’s structural elements, mainly due to the singularities introduced by the trench opening on the west side of the pit wall, as well as the trench excavation. Both geotechnical and hydrogeological characteristics of the site were taken into consideration, as well as the main construction stages, covering the excavation sequence and the groundwater inflow analysis. RÉSUMÉ: Dans cet article ont présent une analyse numérique qui a été développe pour simuler une excavation profonde et l’effet du rebattement de la nappe phréatique dans les murs de soutènement d'un puit non symétrique pour l’extraction et le stockage des minéraux avec l’aide des wagons. Avec une profondeur de 22m et un diamètre intérieur de 45m, le puit circulaire a une intersection de 12m avec une zone en couloir rectangulaire d’accès au puit, placée de façon non aligné avec le centre du puit. Un modelé 3D a été développe avec l’aide du software PLAXIS tenant l’objective d’estimer numériquement les effets locaux e globaux dans le dimensionnent des éléments structurels du puit, en particulier les effets de l ́excavation dans la zone d’ouverture correspondent à l’intersection avec le couloir d’accès. Les caractéristiques géotechniques e hydrogéologiques ont été considérés dans le modèle numérique, bien aussi comme les phases des excavations plus importants et l ́analyse de l ́entrée de l’eau à l’intérieur du puit.","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130110043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9781351003629-196
P. Persson, L. Andersen
{"title":"Efficient finite-element analysis of the influence of structural modifications on traffic-induced building vibrations","authors":"P. Persson, L. Andersen","doi":"10.1201/9781351003629-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351003629-196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116491503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9780429446931-11
H. Liu, F. Zygounas, A. Diambra, F. Pisanò
Predicting accurately the response of sands to cyclic loads is as relevant as still challenging when many loading cycles are involved, for instance, in relation to offshore or railway geo-engineering applications. Despite the remarkable achievements in the field of soil constitutive modelling, most existing models do not yet capture satisfactorily strain accumulation under high-cyclic drained loading, nor the the build-up of pore pressures under high-cyclic undrained conditions. Recently, bounding surface plasticity enhanced with the concept of memory surface has proven promising to improve sand ratcheting simulations under drained loading conditions (Corti et al. 2016). This paper presents a new model built by combining the memory surface conceptby Corti et al. (2016) with the well-known SANISAND04 bounding surface formulation proposed by Dafalias and Manzari (2004). The outcome is a new sand model that can reproduce phenomenologically the fabric evolution mechanisms governing strain accumulation under long-lasting loading histories (here up to 104 loading cycles). In undrained test simulations, the model proves capable of correctly capturing the rate of pore pressure accumulation, preventing precocious occurrence of cyclic liquefaction.
当涉及许多加载周期时，例如与海上或铁路地球工程应用相关时，准确预测砂土对循环荷载的响应仍然具有挑战性。尽管在土本构建模领域取得了显著成就，但大多数现有模型尚未令人满意地捕捉高循环排水荷载下的应变积累，也没有捕捉高循环不排水条件下孔隙压力的积累。最近，记忆表面概念增强的边界面塑性已被证明有望改善排水加载条件下的砂棘轮模拟(Corti et al. 2016)。本文将Corti等人(2016)提出的记忆面概念与Dafalias和Manzari(2004)提出的SANISAND04边界面公式相结合，建立了一个新的模型。结果是一种新的砂模型，可以再现长期加载历史(这里多达104个加载周期)下控制应变积累的织物演化机制。在不排水试验模拟中，该模型能够正确地捕捉孔隙压力积累速率，防止循环液化的过早发生。
{"title":"Enhanced plasticity modelling of high-cyclic ratcheting and pore pressure accumulation in sands","authors":"H. Liu, F. Zygounas, A. Diambra, F. Pisanò","doi":"10.1201/9780429446931-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446931-11","url":null,"abstract":"Predicting accurately the response of sands to cyclic loads is as relevant as still challenging when many loading cycles are involved, for instance, in relation to offshore or railway geo-engineering applications. Despite the remarkable achievements in the field of soil constitutive modelling, most existing models do not yet capture satisfactorily strain accumulation under high-cyclic drained loading, nor the the build-up of pore pressures under high-cyclic undrained conditions. Recently, bounding surface plasticity enhanced with the concept of memory surface has proven promising to improve sand ratcheting simulations under drained loading conditions (Corti et al. 2016). This paper presents a new model built by combining the memory surface conceptby Corti et al. (2016) with the well-known SANISAND04 bounding surface formulation proposed by Dafalias and Manzari (2004). The outcome is a new sand model that can reproduce phenomenologically the fabric evolution mechanisms governing strain accumulation under long-lasting loading histories (here up to 104 loading cycles). In undrained test simulations, the model proves capable of correctly capturing the rate of pore pressure accumulation, preventing precocious occurrence of cyclic liquefaction.","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115023724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9780429446931-20
C. Pereira, J. Maranha
{"title":"The role of evolutionary algorithms in soil constitutive models","authors":"C. Pereira, J. Maranha","doi":"10.1201/9780429446931-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446931-20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133579534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-19DOI: 10.1201/9781351003629-57
Q. Ong, S. Tan
{"title":"A relook into numerical simulations of the pressuremeter test for the calibration of advanced soil models","authors":"Q. Ong, S. Tan","doi":"10.1201/9781351003629-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351003629-57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107346,"journal":{"name":"Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123641693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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