Pub Date : 2019-12-11DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190016
Maurício Fernandes, Michelli Ferreira dos Santos
Resumo: Neste artigo, objetiva-se a tematizacao acerca de usos e formas distintas de tecnologias, e mesmo opostas, presentes no trato em relacao as sementes no campo, que envolvem tanto as populacoes tradicionais (na resistencia e luta pela manutencao de sementes crioulas), quanto grandes corporacoes (que se valem da biotecnologia para a criacao de um circulo nefasto que ameaca diretamente a soberania e a existencia destas populacoes campesinas). Evidencia-se assim, formas de tecnologias que transitam em contextos e potenciais diferentes e que representam, metaforicamente, duas faces da tecnologia no contexto do campo. Ressaltamos, a partir de um olhar desde a Filosofia da Tecnologia, que o problema nao reside no fenomeno tecnologico em si. A partir da compreensao destas duas formas de tecnologia empregadas no campo, pretende-se tematizar ao debate bioetico a gramatica dos conflitos no campo enquanto decorrentes dos usos da biotecnologia. As formas de tecnologias aqui descritas sao aspectos do proprio fenomeno tecnico e seu dinamismo no âmbito de nossa trajetoria evolutiva. Porem, o elemento de diferenciacao e compreendido a partir do prisma do mercado, impresso pela pressao das grandes corporacoes sobre o desenvolvimento tecnologico e o uso das formas de tecnologia no controle e administracao da propria vida e das comunidades do campo. Pretende-se assim, uma contribuicao expressa em uma analise da luta silenciosa que se desdobra no campo por decadas e na qual esta implicito tanto o uso de tecnologias quanto o acesso as mesmas de ambos os lados, o que nos lanca olhares sobre o proprio fenomeno tecnico e seus possiveis usos. Palavras-Chaves: Filosofia da Tecnologia. Biotecnologia. Sementes Crioulas. Abstract: This paper aims a discussion about distinct and opposite technological forms in the present in the treatment of seeds in the field that involve both traditional populations (in resistance and struggle for the maintenance of creole seeds) and large corporations (which use biotechnology to create a nefarious circle that directly threatens the sovereignty and existence of these peasant populations). In this way, the forms of technology that transpose in different contexts and potentials and that represent, metaphorically, the two faces of technology in the context of the field. We point out, from a view of the Philosophy of Technology that the problem does not lie in the technological phenomenon itself. From a comprehension of these two forms of technology used in field, it is intended to discuss to bioethical debate the grammar of conflicts in the field as results of biotechnological uses. The forms of technologies described here are aspects of the technical phenomenon itself and its dynamism within the scope of our evolutionary trajectory. However, the element of differentiation is understood from the prism of the market, imprinted by the pressure of the big corporations on the technological development and the use of the forms of technology
{"title":"A BIOTECNOLOGIA E SEUS USOS ENTRE SEMENTES CRIOULAS E TRANSGÊNICAS Duas Faces da\u0000 Tecnologia e um Caso para a Bioética","authors":"Maurício Fernandes, Michelli Ferreira dos Santos","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190016","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo: Neste artigo, objetiva-se a tematizacao acerca de usos e formas distintas de tecnologias, e mesmo opostas, presentes no trato em relacao as sementes no campo, que envolvem tanto as populacoes tradicionais (na resistencia e luta pela manutencao de sementes crioulas), quanto grandes corporacoes (que se valem da biotecnologia para a criacao de um circulo nefasto que ameaca diretamente a soberania e a existencia destas populacoes campesinas). Evidencia-se assim, formas de tecnologias que transitam em contextos e potenciais diferentes e que representam, metaforicamente, duas faces da tecnologia no contexto do campo. Ressaltamos, a partir de um olhar desde a Filosofia da Tecnologia, que o problema nao reside no fenomeno tecnologico em si. A partir da compreensao destas duas formas de tecnologia empregadas no campo, pretende-se tematizar ao debate bioetico a gramatica dos conflitos no campo enquanto decorrentes dos usos da biotecnologia. As formas de tecnologias aqui descritas sao aspectos do proprio fenomeno tecnico e seu dinamismo no âmbito de nossa trajetoria evolutiva. Porem, o elemento de diferenciacao e compreendido a partir do prisma do mercado, impresso pela pressao das grandes corporacoes sobre o desenvolvimento tecnologico e o uso das formas de tecnologia no controle e administracao da propria vida e das comunidades do campo. Pretende-se assim, uma contribuicao expressa em uma analise da luta silenciosa que se desdobra no campo por decadas e na qual esta implicito tanto o uso de tecnologias quanto o acesso as mesmas de ambos os lados, o que nos lanca olhares sobre o proprio fenomeno tecnico e seus possiveis usos. Palavras-Chaves: Filosofia da Tecnologia. Biotecnologia. Sementes Crioulas. Abstract: This paper aims a discussion about distinct and opposite technological forms in the present in the treatment of seeds in the field that involve both traditional populations (in resistance and struggle for the maintenance of creole seeds) and large corporations (which use biotechnology to create a nefarious circle that directly threatens the sovereignty and existence of these peasant populations). In this way, the forms of technology that transpose in different contexts and potentials and that represent, metaphorically, the two faces of technology in the context of the field. We point out, from a view of the Philosophy of Technology that the problem does not lie in the technological phenomenon itself. From a comprehension of these two forms of technology used in field, it is intended to discuss to bioethical debate the grammar of conflicts in the field as results of biotechnological uses. The forms of technologies described here are aspects of the technical phenomenon itself and its dynamism within the scope of our evolutionary trajectory. However, the element of differentiation is understood from the prism of the market, imprinted by the pressure of the big corporations on the technological development and the use of the forms of technology ","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127653352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-11DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190014
Letícia Ferruzzi Sacchetin
O presente texto tem por tema um estudo comparativo entre etica dos direitos e etica dos cuidados na leitura da interrupcao da gravidez no campo da Filosofia. Nossa tese consistira em desenvolver uma fenomenologia da gravidez, com base nos resultados obtidos de tal estudo, de modo a incluir o contexto da gravidez, relacoes familiares, parentalidade e a fenomenologia da gestante (aspectos fisicos, economicos, emocionais) para a discussao.
{"title":"UMA LINGUAGEM PARA A GRAVIDEZ: ENTRE O DIREITO E A RESPONSABILIDADE","authors":"Letícia Ferruzzi Sacchetin","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190014","url":null,"abstract":"O presente texto tem por tema um estudo comparativo entre etica dos direitos e etica dos cuidados na leitura da interrupcao da gravidez no campo da Filosofia. Nossa tese consistira em desenvolver uma fenomenologia da gravidez, com base nos resultados obtidos de tal estudo, de modo a incluir o contexto da gravidez, relacoes familiares, parentalidade e a fenomenologia da gestante (aspectos fisicos, economicos, emocionais) para a discussao.","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131141074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-11DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190008
Bárbara Linda Tavares
Na era do Big Data e possivel a existencia da liberdade? Em caso negativo, a liberdade e apenas uma ilusao? O presente artigo busca esclarecer brevemente o conceito de Big Data, qual sua origem, o funcionamento de algoritmos preditivos e como o ambiente e afetado por essa forma de estruturar e organizar dados sobre o mundo. Apresentamos possiveis consequencias eticas da utilizacao do Big Data no cotidiano da sociedade, argumentando que os padroes oferecidos pelas correlacoes dos dados induzem uma alteracao no comportamento do agente no ambiente, ora reforcando a permanencia desses padroes, ora criando novos. Alem da estruturacao de dados, o Big Data busca o perfil dos individuos na rede online para deteccao de padroes. Essa tecnica indica um possivel direcionamento das decisoes dos individuos comprometendo a liberdade do agente. Exploramos brevemente o conceito de liberdade para tentar responder se e possivel seu exercicio consciente neste contexto do Big Data que constitui novos paradigmas para a sociedade.
{"title":"CONSCIÊNCIA E LIBERDADE NA ERA DO BIG DATA: PARADIGMAS DO SUJEITO\u0000 CONTEMPORÂNEO","authors":"Bárbara Linda Tavares","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190008","url":null,"abstract":"Na era do Big Data e possivel a existencia da liberdade? Em caso negativo, a liberdade e apenas uma ilusao? O presente artigo busca esclarecer brevemente o conceito de Big Data, qual sua origem, o funcionamento de algoritmos preditivos e como o ambiente e afetado por essa forma de estruturar e organizar dados sobre o mundo. Apresentamos possiveis consequencias eticas da utilizacao do Big Data no cotidiano da sociedade, argumentando que os padroes oferecidos pelas correlacoes dos dados induzem uma alteracao no comportamento do agente no ambiente, ora reforcando a permanencia desses padroes, ora criando novos. Alem da estruturacao de dados, o Big Data busca o perfil dos individuos na rede online para deteccao de padroes. Essa tecnica indica um possivel direcionamento das decisoes dos individuos comprometendo a liberdade do agente. Exploramos brevemente o conceito de liberdade para tentar responder se e possivel seu exercicio consciente neste contexto do Big Data que constitui novos paradigmas para a sociedade.","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123307513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190005
R. Silva
{"title":"Por uma distinção entre pensamentos racional e intelectual no tratado V.3[49] das\u0000 Enéadas de Plotino","authors":"R. Silva","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129834440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190009
H. Martínez
{"title":"Democracia, una lectura semántica","authors":"H. Martínez","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"62 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120892993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190007
Edvan Aragão Santos
{"title":"A liberdade como um fato: uma análise sobre a questão da liberdade a partir do\u0000 terceiro capítulo do Ensaio Sobre os Dados Imediatos da Consciência de Henri\u0000 Bergson","authors":"Edvan Aragão Santos","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130833817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190004
Mário Sérgio Vaz
{"title":"Soberania, vontade geral e revolução: entre Jean Jacques Rousseau e Hannah\u0000 Arendt","authors":"Mário Sérgio Vaz","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121476777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190006
Victor César Fernandes
In this article, we have the pretension to offer the thesis according to which transhumanism has been putting itself in the present time as a decisive field for the Marxism and battlefield privileged for the critical theory in the 21st century, essentially for the reason of being an “area of knowledge” the participation of theorists of this scope, for which we try to offer possible indications of our contribution. To substantiate this proposal, we will see that the theme of transhumanism brings with it some of the problems detected by Adorno in his controversies with Walter Benjamin about the aura problem regarding the relationship between society and nature. The aura will be articulated by us to the question of the permanence of the power of nature over society; would refer to the possibility of transcending nature, but would also manifest itself in the form of the dominating power that would prolong nature within society. In order to do so, we will briefly review the theoretical and political lines of the transhumanist debate and, finally, conclude that the absence of a Marxist debate coincides with some of the investments of the so-called trans-bourgeoisie, which remains untouched by some ideologues of this debate and possibly the metamorphic essays of post-human transcapitalism.
{"title":"ENSAIOS METAMÓRFICOS DO TRANSCAPITALISMO PÓS-HUMANO. APONTAMENTOS REFLEXIVOS SOBRE\u0000 O IDEÁRIO TRANSHUMANISTA.","authors":"Victor César Fernandes","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190006","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we have the pretension to offer the thesis according to which transhumanism has been putting itself in the present time as a decisive field for the Marxism and battlefield privileged for the critical theory in the 21st century, essentially for the reason of being an “area of knowledge” the participation of theorists of this scope, for which we try to offer possible indications of our contribution. To substantiate this proposal, we will see that the theme of transhumanism brings with it some of the problems detected by Adorno in his controversies with Walter Benjamin about the aura problem regarding the relationship between society and nature. The aura will be articulated by us to the question of the permanence of the power of nature over society; would refer to the possibility of transcending nature, but would also manifest itself in the form of the dominating power that would prolong nature within society. In order to do so, we will briefly review the theoretical and political lines of the transhumanist debate and, finally, conclude that the absence of a Marxist debate coincides with some of the investments of the so-called trans-bourgeoisie, which remains untouched by some ideologues of this debate and possibly the metamorphic essays of post-human transcapitalism.","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131298555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190002
Marcelle Coelho do Rosario
Among the various possibilities of human improvement pursued by emerging technologies (Nanoscience, Biotechnology, Information Technology and Cognitive Sciences NBIC), which beckons for the moral enhancement of man has caused heated debates in diverse follow-ups. The scenario is tempting: being able to raise the levels of emotional empathy, justice, philanthropy and, why not say, humanity through NBIC is magnificent, could be the “salvation of the human race.” Otherwise, any oversight in the stages of viability could mean a new order of oppressors, a new order of the oppressed, which would represent a moral setback. In view of the above, this article intends to (momentarily) parameterize the concepts of human enhancement and moral enhancement, and extract from the transhumanist and bioconservative currents both in their hardest versions arguments related to the way in which the NBIC that aims at moral improvement (or not) to be ministered to society and ask whether, in fact, they would be desired by us.
{"title":"Melhoramento moral: um avanço ou um retrocesso?","authors":"Marcelle Coelho do Rosario","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190002","url":null,"abstract":"Among the various possibilities of human improvement pursued by emerging technologies (Nanoscience, Biotechnology, Information Technology and Cognitive Sciences NBIC), which beckons for the moral enhancement of man has caused heated debates in diverse follow-ups. The scenario is tempting: being able to raise the levels of emotional empathy, justice, philanthropy and, why not say, humanity through NBIC is magnificent, could be the “salvation of the human race.” Otherwise, any oversight in the stages of viability could mean a new order of oppressors, a new order of the oppressed, which would represent a moral setback. In view of the above, this article intends to (momentarily) parameterize the concepts of human enhancement and moral enhancement, and extract from the transhumanist and bioconservative currents both in their hardest versions arguments related to the way in which the NBIC that aims at moral improvement (or not) to be ministered to society and ask whether, in fact, they would be desired by us.","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125909959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2179-9180.20190001
Marcelo Prates
This article aims to analyze the relation between synchronic and diachronic totalization. This relation makes it possible to take the historical object in its profundity, as well as shows the multiple condition of that object. From this it is possible to understand History as a process of totalizing singularities, whose own times form the movement and transformation of History. Moreover, it allows us to visualize this process in the own relation between freedom and alienation. Finally, this analysis allows us to legitimize the philosopher›s task of situating and totalizing our time, so explain the field of possibilities in our time and give us the historical and dialectical image of the man in this time.
{"title":"Do singular ao universal: totalização, pluralidade e liberdade na ideia de história\u0000 em Sartre","authors":"Marcelo Prates","doi":"10.5935/2179-9180.20190001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2179-9180.20190001","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the relation between synchronic and diachronic totalization. This relation makes it possible to take the historical object in its profundity, as well as shows the multiple condition of that object. From this it is possible to understand History as a process of totalizing singularities, whose own times form the movement and transformation of History. Moreover, it allows us to visualize this process in the own relation between freedom and alienation. Finally, this analysis allows us to legitimize the philosopher›s task of situating and totalizing our time, so explain the field of possibilities in our time and give us the historical and dialectical image of the man in this time.","PeriodicalId":107480,"journal":{"name":"Revista Guairacá de Filosofia","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121152516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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