Responsibility is defined as assuming responsibility for one’s own actions or the consequences of any event that comes within its jurisdiction. Liability insurance is used to compensate for the harm done to others as a result of one’s activities. If this liability causes a loss due to fault, intent, or hazard, the insurance pays for this loss at a predefined amount, up to the applicable maximum. Liability insurance is becoming more important in our society. It is a fact that some of these insurances are compulsory. In this study, motor vehicles’ third-party liability insurance applied in Turkey was conceptually examined, and the current production situation was analyzed and supported with case studies. In this context, it has been observed that motor vehicle liability insurance has three main applications in our country, namely compulsory motor liability insurance, facultative motor third-party liability insurance, and green card insurance, and it has been determined that the relevant branches have become increasingly important in production over the years.
{"title":"MOTOR VEHICLES THIRD PARTY LABILITY INSURANCES APPLIED IN TURKEY: EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS","authors":"İskender Demi̇rbi̇lek","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"Responsibility is defined as assuming responsibility for one’s own actions or the consequences of any event that comes within its jurisdiction. Liability insurance is used to compensate for the harm done to others as a result of one’s activities. If this liability causes a loss due to fault, intent, or hazard, the insurance pays for this loss at a predefined amount, up to the applicable maximum. Liability insurance is becoming more important in our society. It is a fact that some of these insurances are compulsory. In this study, motor vehicles’ third-party liability insurance applied in Turkey was conceptually examined, and the current production situation was analyzed and supported with case studies. In this context, it has been observed that motor vehicle liability insurance has three main applications in our country, namely compulsory motor liability insurance, facultative motor third-party liability insurance, and green card insurance, and it has been determined that the relevant branches have become increasingly important in production over the years.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127239507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this study is to empirically study the influence of loan-to-deposit ratio (LTDR) on bank performance measured by return on assets (ROA) over the period 2010–2019. Based on the data of 24 listed Chinese banks and 15 listed Pakistani banks, this study uses the dynamic panel data regression technique (i.e. fixed effects GMM) to examine this relationship. We identify a nonlinear U-shaped relationship between LTDR and ROA for listed Pakistani banks. However, our results for listed Chinese banks indicate a non-linear inverted U-shaped relationship between LTDR and ROA. Our empirical findings suggest that policymakers should pay more attention to LTDR, which has the potential to improve banks’ profitability.
{"title":"NONLINEAR EFFECT OF LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO ON BANK PERFORMANCE: A COMPARISON WITH PAKISTAN AND CHINA","authors":"Özcan Işik","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to empirically study the influence of loan-to-deposit ratio (LTDR) on bank performance measured by return on assets (ROA) over the period 2010–2019. Based on the data of 24 listed Chinese banks and 15 listed Pakistani banks, this study uses the dynamic panel data regression technique (i.e. fixed effects GMM) to examine this relationship. We identify a nonlinear U-shaped relationship between LTDR and ROA for listed Pakistani banks. However, our results for listed Chinese banks indicate a non-linear inverted U-shaped relationship between LTDR and ROA. Our empirical findings suggest that policymakers should pay more attention to LTDR, which has the potential to improve banks’ profitability.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133670439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impacts of the Covid19 Pandemic era have had a significant impact on social and economic life across the globe. The Covid19 Pandemic, which directly affects human health and life, is expected to affect life insurance companies. In addition, it is expected that other sectors such as service, production, education and finance will be adversely affected, indirectly affecting non-life insurance companies as well as life insurance companies. However, no research has been conducted to investigate how the financial ratios of non-life insurance businesses in Turkey were impacted during the Covid19 Pandemic period. The relationship between the financial ratios of non-life insurance companies in the Istanbul Stock Exchange, before and after the Covid19 Pandemic, was examined using the t-Test method. To analyze the effects of the Covid19 Pandemic period on the financial ratios of non-life insurance companies, it was examined whether there was a substantial difference between data from 2018-2019, before the pandemic, and data from 2020-2021, after the pandemic. The financial ratios included in the analysis were determined as the Return on Assets, Liquidity Ratio, Current Ratio, Technical Provisions/Premiums Ratio and Premiums Received/Total Assets Ratio as a result of the literature review. As a result of the study, it was seen that while the profitability of non-life insurance companies increased, their liquidity decreased. However, it was found that this increase and decrease were not significant in terms of pre-pandemic and postpandemic periods.
{"title":"THE RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD ON THE FINANCIAL RATIOS OF NON-LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES TRADED ON THE ISTANBUL STOCK EXCHANGE","authors":"A. Ertuğrul, İlknur Külekçi̇","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"The impacts of the Covid19 Pandemic era have had a significant impact on social and economic life across the globe. The Covid19 Pandemic, which directly affects human health and life, is expected to affect life insurance companies. In addition, it is expected that other sectors such as service, production, education and finance will be adversely affected, indirectly affecting non-life insurance companies as well as life insurance companies. However, no research has been conducted to investigate how the financial ratios of non-life insurance businesses in Turkey were impacted during the Covid19 Pandemic period. The relationship between the financial ratios of non-life insurance companies in the Istanbul Stock Exchange, before and after the Covid19 Pandemic, was examined using the t-Test method. To analyze the effects of the Covid19 Pandemic period on the financial ratios of non-life insurance companies, it was examined whether there was a substantial difference between data from 2018-2019, before the pandemic, and data from 2020-2021, after the pandemic. The financial ratios included in the analysis were determined as the Return on Assets, Liquidity Ratio, Current Ratio, Technical Provisions/Premiums Ratio and Premiums Received/Total Assets Ratio as a result of the literature review. As a result of the study, it was seen that while the profitability of non-life insurance companies increased, their liquidity decreased. However, it was found that this increase and decrease were not significant in terms of pre-pandemic and postpandemic periods.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116190997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to evaluate the performance of life and pension companies operating in the Turkish insurance sector with a hybrid decision model consisting of SD and MARCOS procedures. Within the framework of the proposed performance evaluation model, the criteria selected in line with the previous literature are weighted using the SD procedure. Then, the weight coefficients obtained from the SD procedure are integrated into the MARCOS model, and the performance of the companies in the sample is compared and ranked. SD results demonstrate that the most efficient criterion for a company’s performance is the total debts criterion. In addition, Garanti Pension and Life and Ziraat Life and Pension companies have demonstrated superior financial performance compared to other companies during the five-year period analyzed.
本研究旨在用SD和MARCOS程序组成的混合决策模型评估在土耳其保险部门运营的人寿和养老金公司的绩效。在提出的绩效评估模型框架内，根据先前文献选择的标准使用SD程序进行加权。然后，将从SD过程中获得的权重系数整合到MARCOS模型中，对样本中公司的绩效进行比较和排名。SD结果表明，衡量公司绩效的最有效标准是总负债标准。此外，在分析的五年期间，Garanti Pension and Life和Ziraat Life and Pension公司的财务表现优于其他公司。
{"title":"EVALUATION OF LIFE AND PENSION COMPANIES PERFORMANCE WITH SD AND MARCOS METHODS","authors":"Fuat Çamlibel","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the performance of life and pension companies operating in the Turkish insurance sector with a hybrid decision model consisting of SD and MARCOS procedures. Within the framework of the proposed performance evaluation model, the criteria selected in line with the previous literature are weighted using the SD procedure. Then, the weight coefficients obtained from the SD procedure are integrated into the MARCOS model, and the performance of the companies in the sample is compared and ranked. SD results demonstrate that the most efficient criterion for a company’s performance is the total debts criterion. In addition, Garanti Pension and Life and Ziraat Life and Pension companies have demonstrated superior financial performance compared to other companies during the five-year period analyzed.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128063862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Banks, as one of the most important actors in the money and capital markets, play a critical role in the financial intermediation process for every country’s economy. The deposit banking sector is critical to the banking system’s effective and efficient operation. The goal of this research is to develop a multi-criteria model for measuring and assessing the performance of the deposit banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, an integrated model consisting of the Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (LMAW) and Double Normalization-based Multiple Aggregation (DNMA) methods is proposed. In the first stage of the proposed performance evaluation model, the performance indicators determined based on the previous literature were weighted with the LMAW method. In the second stage, the DNMA method was used to measure and evaluate the financial performance of the deposit banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic period. In this context, an integrated model consisting of the Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (LMAW) and Double Normalization-based Multiple Aggregation (DNMA) methods are proposed. In the first stage of the proposed performance evaluation model, the performance indicators determined based on the previous literature were weighted with the LMAW method. In the second stage, the DNMA method was used to measure and evaluate the financial performance of the deposit banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic period. When the DNMA ranking findings were analyzed generally, it was determined that the deposit banking sector was severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests that the sector is inefficient at managing pandemic-related risks. This study’s findings may assist bank management, investors, and regulatory and supervisory agencies in making more accurate decisions regarding the stability of the banking system. Various sensitivity analyses were also utilized to verify the model’s dependability and robustness within the scope of the study. The results of sensitivity analyses indicate that the suggested methodology generates consistent and reliable sequencing outcomes.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THE DEPOSIT BANKING SECTOR IN THE COVID-19 PERIOD WITH LMAW-DNMA METHODS","authors":"Gulay Demir","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"Banks, as one of the most important actors in the money and capital markets, play a critical role in the financial intermediation process for every country’s economy. The deposit banking sector is critical to the banking system’s effective and efficient operation. The goal of this research is to develop a multi-criteria model for measuring and assessing the performance of the deposit banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, an integrated model consisting of the Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (LMAW) and Double Normalization-based Multiple Aggregation (DNMA) methods is proposed. In the first stage of the proposed performance evaluation model, the performance indicators determined based on the previous literature were weighted with the LMAW method. In the second stage, the DNMA method was used to measure and evaluate the financial performance of the deposit banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic period. In this context, an integrated model consisting of the Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (LMAW) and Double Normalization-based Multiple Aggregation (DNMA) methods are proposed. In the first stage of the proposed performance evaluation model, the performance indicators determined based on the previous literature were weighted with the LMAW method. In the second stage, the DNMA method was used to measure and evaluate the financial performance of the deposit banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic period. When the DNMA ranking findings were analyzed generally, it was determined that the deposit banking sector was severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests that the sector is inefficient at managing pandemic-related risks. This study’s findings may assist bank management, investors, and regulatory and supervisory agencies in making more accurate decisions regarding the stability of the banking system. Various sensitivity analyses were also utilized to verify the model’s dependability and robustness within the scope of the study. The results of sensitivity analyses indicate that the suggested methodology generates consistent and reliable sequencing outcomes.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114785118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Insurance provides risk management by providing compensation for potential losses of people. The insurance sector, which is an important part of the financial sector, can have a positive impact on economic growth. This effect is mainly due to the reliability and stability of the insurance, the private savings, and the resource-increasing feature of the financial sector. In recent years, it has been given importance to investigate the relationship between insurance and economic growth. In Turkey, which has a significant potential in terms of economic growth, there is a limited study on the relationship between insurance and growth, since the insurance activities have just started to widen. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to fill in this gap and explore this relation between the insurance sector and economic growth for Turkey. For this purpose, by applying annual data between 1983-2020, the relationship between insurance premiums, penetration rate and economic growth in Turkey is analyzed by Pesaran et al. (2001) ARDL method. The Bound test results show that there is a long-term relationship among the variables. According to the ARDL result, while a significant relationship was measured between the total insurance premium and economic growth in the long run, no significant relationship was found between the penetration rate and economic growth.
保险通过对人们的潜在损失提供补偿来进行风险管理。保险业作为金融业的重要组成部分，可以对经济增长产生积极影响。这种效应主要是由于保险的可靠性和稳定性、私人储蓄和金融部门的资源增加特性。近年来，保险业与经济增长的关系研究受到了人们的重视。土耳其在经济增长方面具有巨大潜力，但对保险与增长之间关系的研究有限，因为保险活动刚刚开始扩大。因此，本研究的目的是填补这一空白，并探讨保险业与土耳其经济增长之间的关系。为此，本文采用Pesaran et al. (2001) ARDL方法，利用1983-2020年的年度数据，分析了土耳其保费、渗透率与经济增长之间的关系。边界检验结果表明，各变量之间存在着长期的关系。根据ARDL的结果，虽然从长期来看，总保费与经济增长之间存在显著的关系，但渗透率与经济增长之间没有显著的关系。
{"title":"AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY AND THE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY","authors":"Şerife Merve Koşaroğlu","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"Insurance provides risk management by providing compensation for potential losses of people. The insurance sector, which is an important part of the financial sector, can have a positive impact on economic growth. This effect is mainly due to the reliability and stability of the insurance, the private savings, and the resource-increasing feature of the financial sector. In recent years, it has been given importance to investigate the relationship between insurance and economic growth. In Turkey, which has a significant potential in terms of economic growth, there is a limited study on the relationship between insurance and growth, since the insurance activities have just started to widen. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to fill in this gap and explore this relation between the insurance sector and economic growth for Turkey. For this purpose, by applying annual data between 1983-2020, the relationship between insurance premiums, penetration rate and economic growth in Turkey is analyzed by Pesaran et al. (2001) ARDL method. The Bound test results show that there is a long-term relationship among the variables. According to the ARDL result, while a significant relationship was measured between the total insurance premium and economic growth in the long run, no significant relationship was found between the penetration rate and economic growth.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130565941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The banking sector is one of the sectors that follows and adapts to technology the most, using it to develop solutions for problems. With the development of information and communication technologies, telephone banking, internet banking, EFT, Call Centers, and ATMs can be given as examples of banks’ technologies. With the introduction of Web 2.0 into our lives, the banks’ advertisements, which have increased their service quality by using cloud solutions and mobile applications, are generally based on the theme of “the bank that solves the problems of consumers quickly and reliably with the help of technology”. Banks that work with data warehouses, in the background, use artificial intelligence-supported applications to be active 24/7 in call centers and offer voice assistant services which now have Web 3.0 technologies at their disposal. It is thought that with the development of new concepts and related technologies such as Metaverse, Blockchain, and Crypto money, which are mentioned together with the Web 3.0 infrastructure, the banking sector will make innovations both in its services and in the marketing of these services. This study aims to reveal new marketing activities and strategies waiting for the banking sector to focus on technologies such as Metaverse, Blockchain, and Cryptocurrency. In addition, in the light of consumer behavior models, predictions will be made about how consumers and banks will meet in the metaverse world and what awaits the parties. The study is unique both in terms of the relationship between the concepts it contains and the research question. It is thought that this situation will contribute to the literature and help possible future studies. In addition, in the conclusion part, a new concept is defined under the name of Metaverse Marketing.
{"title":"MARKETING STRATEGIES OF BANKS IN THE PERIOD OF METAVERSE, BLOCKCHAIN, AND CRYPTOCURRENCY IN THE CONTEXT OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR THEORIES","authors":"Kürşad Özkaynar","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.1","url":null,"abstract":"The banking sector is one of the sectors that follows and adapts to technology the most, using it to develop solutions for problems. With the development of information and communication technologies, telephone banking, internet banking, EFT, Call Centers, and ATMs can be given as examples of banks’ technologies. With the introduction of Web 2.0 into our lives, the banks’ advertisements, which have increased their service quality by using cloud solutions and mobile applications, are generally based on the theme of “the bank that solves the problems of consumers quickly and reliably with the help of technology”. Banks that work with data warehouses, in the background, use artificial intelligence-supported applications to be active 24/7 in call centers and offer voice assistant services which now have Web 3.0 technologies at their disposal. It is thought that with the development of new concepts and related technologies such as Metaverse, Blockchain, and Crypto money, which are mentioned together with the Web 3.0 infrastructure, the banking sector will make innovations both in its services and in the marketing of these services. This study aims to reveal new marketing activities and strategies waiting\u0000for the banking sector to focus on technologies such as Metaverse, Blockchain, and Cryptocurrency. In addition, in the light of consumer behavior models, predictions will be made about how consumers and banks will meet in the metaverse world and what awaits the parties. The study is unique both in terms of the relationship between the concepts it contains and the research question. It is thought that this situation will contribute to the literature and help possible future studies. In addition, in the conclusion part, a new concept is defined under the name of Metaverse Marketing.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130807848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the end of 2019, the world met a new type of coronavirus and faced a serious pandemic caused by this virus. In many areas of daily life, especially in health, it has been attempted to combat the effects of the pandemic in question. About 500 million people worldwide have been infected with the virus, and about 7 million of them have died. The heavy disease process and the number of infected people negatively affected the health system of the countries. Individuals expected to receive the best service from hospitals during the epidemic period. Of course, the monetary dimension of this service has also reached serious figures. This situation brings us private health insurance as an alternative exit door. The public or additional private health insurance that the individual has makes him/her feel somewhat comfortable. Especially with private health insurance or supplementary health insurance, policyholders feel more secure in such difficult situations. After COVID-19 was seen as the first case in our country on March 10, 2020, diagnosis and treatment services were carried out by public hospitals. Later, private hospitals were declared as pandemic hospitals by the Ministry of Health and started to provide diagnosis and treatment services. Especially in cases where the treatment takes a long time and requires intensive care, the serious financial burden has created a problem for insurance companies and the insured. In this context, this study is aimed to investigate individuals’ perspectives on insurance and private health insurance in Covid-19 times. Data were collected and statistically analyzed through the questionnaire prepared within the scope of the study.
{"title":"COVID-19 AND PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE: A RESEARCH ON INDIVIDUALS PERSPECTIVES ON PRIVATE INSURANCE IN TURKEY","authors":"O. Şahin, Hilal ILGIN UYAR","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of 2019, the world met a new type of coronavirus and faced a serious pandemic caused by this virus. In many areas of daily life, especially in health, it has been attempted to combat the effects of the pandemic in question. About 500 million people worldwide have been infected with the virus, and about 7 million of them have died. The heavy disease process and the number of infected people negatively affected the health system of the countries. Individuals expected to receive the best service from hospitals during the epidemic period. Of course, the monetary dimension of this service has also reached serious figures. This situation brings us private health insurance as an alternative exit door. The public or additional private health insurance that the individual has makes him/her feel somewhat comfortable. Especially with private health insurance or supplementary health insurance, policyholders feel more secure in such difficult situations. After COVID-19 was seen as the first case in our country on March 10, 2020, diagnosis and treatment services were carried out by public hospitals. Later, private hospitals were declared as pandemic hospitals by the Ministry of Health and started to provide diagnosis and treatment services. Especially in cases where the treatment takes a long time and requires intensive care, the serious financial burden has created a problem for insurance companies and the insured. In this context, this study is aimed to investigate individuals’ perspectives on insurance and private health insurance in Covid-19 times. Data were collected and statistically analyzed through the questionnaire prepared within the scope of the study.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132780782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected both human and economic life since the first half of 2020, has significantly affected the insurance sector as well as many sectors in the economy. The impact of this change on the insurance industry has not yet been clarified. In the limited literature, there are claims that this situation may have different consequences on the insurance sector in the short and long term. For this reason, this study measures the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the insurance industry. In this study, which investigated whether the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the insurance sector cause different results in the short and long term, it was determined that there exists an asymmetric linkage running from COVID-19 pandemic to the performance of the insurance sector. On the other hand, an increase in the number of cases would not affect the insurance sector neither positive nor negative. Furthermore, findings demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant effects only in the short and medium term by using advanced causality analysis methods.
{"title":"EFFECT OF COVID 19 PANDEMICS ON INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN TURKEY: EVIDENCE FROM BIST INSURANCE INDEX","authors":"S. Kayhan","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.4","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected both human and economic life since the first half of 2020, has significantly affected the insurance sector as well as many sectors in the economy. The impact of this change on the insurance industry has\u0000not yet been clarified. In the limited literature, there are claims that this situation may have different consequences on the insurance sector in the short and long term. For this reason, this study measures the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the insurance industry.\u0000In this study, which investigated whether the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the insurance sector cause different results in the short and long term, it was determined that there exists an asymmetric linkage running from COVID-19 pandemic to the performance of the insurance sector. On the other hand, an increase in the number of cases would not affect the insurance sector neither positive nor negative. Furthermore, findings demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant effects only in the short and medium term by using advanced causality analysis methods.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"86 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120885144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The share of the insurance sector in Turkey is gradually increasing and gaining importance. One of the alternative systems to the traditional insurance is the participation insurance, whose attention is constantly increasing both in the world and in Turkey. The concept of Islamic insurance and/or participation insurance has started to become widespread in the sector, particularly in recent years, similar to participation banking. One of the main reasons for this is the sensitivity and demand of individuals towards interest-free products. Participation or Takaful insurance is the focus of the study. Although the participation insurance practices have a history of more than 40 years in the world, it is relatively new in the Turkish insurance sector. However, it is obvious that participation insurance will show great improvement in Turkey in the future. In the study, Iranian, Pakistani, Saudi Arabian, Takaful and Turkish models, which are insurance business models within the framework of Islamic Law, are mentioned. The most used Takaful model in the research is Hybrid and the country with the highest premium production in participation insurance business is Saudi Arabia, which implements the cooperative model. At the end of this study, various suggestions were made for the further development of participation insurance.
{"title":"INSURANCE BUSINESS MODELS UNDER ISLAMIC LAW AND PARTICIPATION INSURANCE","authors":"Muharrem Umut, E. Akkurt","doi":"10.52898/ijif.2022.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2022.2","url":null,"abstract":"The share of the insurance sector in Turkey is gradually increasing and gaining importance. One of the alternative systems to the traditional insurance is the participation insurance, whose attention is constantly increasing both in the world and in\u0000Turkey. The concept of Islamic insurance and/or participation insurance has started to become widespread in the sector, particularly in recent years, similar to participation banking. One of the main reasons for this is the sensitivity and demand of individuals towards interest-free products. Participation or Takaful insurance is the focus of the study. Although the participation insurance practices have a history of more than 40 years in the world, it is relatively new in the Turkish insurance\u0000sector. However, it is obvious that participation insurance will show great improvement in Turkey in the future. In the study, Iranian, Pakistani, Saudi Arabian, Takaful and Turkish models, which are insurance business models within the framework of Islamic Law, are mentioned. The most used Takaful model in the research is Hybrid and the country with the highest premium production in participation insurance business is Saudi Arabia, which implements the cooperative model. At the end of this study, various suggestions were made for the further development of participation insurance.","PeriodicalId":107863,"journal":{"name":"Sivas Soft Bilisim Proje Danismanlik Egitim Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130069023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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