Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.2174/2211544712666230322092202
Ananda S Amarasekara, Bernard Wiredu, Moriam A. Animashaun
Processing of cellulose can be used to produce value added renewable feedstock chemicals. Catalytic depolymerization and processing of cellulose can be used to produce value added renewable feedstock chemicals. Development of an acidic ionic liquid - metal ion chloride catalyst system based single-reactor method for processing cellulose to value added products. The effect of metal chlorides as co-catalysts on 1-(1-propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium chloride acidic ionic liquid catalyzed degradation of cellulose in 40 % (v/v) aq. ethanol was studied by measuring levulinic acid, ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural yields. In experiments with Mn(II), Zn(II) chloride co-catalysts at 160 and 170 °C for 12 h, the initial yields of ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural improved from ~ 7 % to ~ 12-15% due to co-catalytic effects. The highest enhancements in ethyl levulinate yields were observed with CrCl3, where the yield increased from 6 to 27 % with the addition of 10 mol% co-catalyst. All three transition metal chlorides studied produced improvements in yields of secondary products, ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in acidic ionic liquid catalyzed degradation of cellulose in aqueous ethanol. The most significant enhancements in ethyl levulinate yields were observed with CrCl3 as a co-catalyst. none
{"title":"The Co-catalyst Effects of Mn(II), Zn(II), and Cr(III) Chlorides on Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyzed Synthesis of Value-added Products from Cellulose in Aqueous Ethanol","authors":"Ananda S Amarasekara, Bernard Wiredu, Moriam A. Animashaun","doi":"10.2174/2211544712666230322092202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544712666230322092202","url":null,"abstract":"Processing of cellulose can be used to produce value added renewable feedstock chemicals. Catalytic depolymerization and processing of cellulose can be used to produce value added renewable feedstock chemicals. Development of an acidic ionic liquid - metal ion chloride catalyst system based single-reactor method for processing cellulose to value added products. The effect of metal chlorides as co-catalysts on 1-(1-propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium chloride acidic ionic liquid catalyzed degradation of cellulose in 40 % (v/v) aq. ethanol was studied by measuring levulinic acid, ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural yields. In experiments with Mn(II), Zn(II) chloride co-catalysts at 160 and 170 °C for 12 h, the initial yields of ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural improved from ~ 7 % to ~ 12-15% due to co-catalytic effects. The highest enhancements in ethyl levulinate yields were observed with CrCl3, where the yield increased from 6 to 27 % with the addition of 10 mol% co-catalyst. All three transition metal chlorides studied produced improvements in yields of secondary products, ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in acidic ionic liquid catalyzed degradation of cellulose in aqueous ethanol. The most significant enhancements in ethyl levulinate yields were observed with CrCl3 as a co-catalyst. none","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"228 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77555346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-10DOI: 10.2174/2211544712666230110152506
Ujjwal Pal, D. Chatterjee, Sagar Varangane
Photocatalytic transformation of small substrate molecules to useful products through an environmentally benign and economically viable pathway is a challenging area of research of continual importance. This review focuses on our perception of the application of ruthenium(III) complexes comprising ‘edta’ ligand (edta4- = ethylenediaminetetraacetate) as a ‘redox mediator’ or ‘relay’ in photocatalytic electron transfer reaction pertaining to the conversion of small substrate molecules viz. hydrazine to ammonia, bicarbonate to formate, dioxygen to hydrogen peroxide. In this article, the prospect of [RuIII(edta)(H2O)]- and [RuIII(edta)(pz)]- to act as ‘redox mediator’ or ‘molecular catalysts’ in photocatalytic transformations of aforesaid small molecules are assessed systematically.
{"title":"Application of Photo-inactive Ru(edta) complexes in Photocatalytic Small Molecules Transformation over Semiconductor Surface – A Perspective","authors":"Ujjwal Pal, D. Chatterjee, Sagar Varangane","doi":"10.2174/2211544712666230110152506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544712666230110152506","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Photocatalytic transformation of small substrate molecules to useful products through an environmentally benign and economically viable pathway is a challenging area of research of continual importance. This review focuses on our perception of the application of ruthenium(III) complexes comprising ‘edta’ ligand (edta4- = ethylenediaminetetraacetate) as a ‘redox mediator’ or ‘relay’ in photocatalytic electron transfer reaction pertaining to the conversion of small substrate molecules viz. hydrazine to ammonia, bicarbonate to formate, dioxygen to hydrogen peroxide. In this article, the prospect of [RuIII(edta)(H2O)]- and [RuIII(edta)(pz)]- to act as ‘redox mediator’ or ‘molecular catalysts’ in photocatalytic transformations of aforesaid small molecules are assessed systematically.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91081969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.2174/2211544712666230104142809
Sushmita M. Roy
Pyridine is one of the most ubiquitous hetero-aromatic moieties in pharmaceutical chemistry and it has enormous importance in a plethora of fields. From a synthetic chemistry standpoint, pyridine moiety has been used as a directing group in C-H activation strategies to functionalize various rings. However, this unique feature to participate as a directing group hinders developing methodologies to carry out C-H activation on the pyridine ring itself. One of the simplest solutions is to block the activity of ring nitrogen at the cost of two extra steps. Here, in this review, along with the blocking, we will briefly mention some interesting ways to get around this problem and the remaining challenges ahead. The coordinating ability of pyridine N poses a big challenge toward C-H functionalization on the pyridine ring. This review summarizes some of the recent methods towards this challenge. Some key ideas towards that goal have been described. Here, the C-H activation strategies are categorised as follows: (1) Pyridine N-oxide mediated C-H activation, (2) Dimerization of C-H activation of pyridine, (3) Direct Pyridine C2-H activation, (4) Direct Pyridine C3-H activation and (5) Direct Pyridine C4-H activation. Several methods have been highlighted that can be utilised to prepare C-H functionalized products with regiospecificity that subsequently may be manipulated into interesting products which are difficult to attain easily. This review explores various new direct C-H activation methods on pyridine which attempts to fill the void of traditional synthetic protocols in regard to regioselective pyridine functionalization. This review also explores the limitations of current methodologies which must be wiped off to attain a mature state in need of the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Direct Pyridine C-H Activation Strategies","authors":"Sushmita M. Roy","doi":"10.2174/2211544712666230104142809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544712666230104142809","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Pyridine is one of the most ubiquitous hetero-aromatic moieties in pharmaceutical chemistry and it has enormous importance in a plethora of fields. From a synthetic chemistry standpoint, pyridine moiety has been used as a directing group in C-H activation strategies to functionalize various rings. However, this unique feature to participate as a directing group hinders developing methodologies to carry out C-H activation on the pyridine ring itself. One of the simplest solutions is to block the activity of ring nitrogen at the cost of two extra steps. Here, in this review, along with the blocking, we will briefly mention some interesting ways to get around this problem and the remaining challenges ahead.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The coordinating ability of pyridine N poses a big challenge toward C-H functionalization on the pyridine ring. This review summarizes some of the recent methods towards this challenge.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Some key ideas towards that goal have been described. Here, the C-H activation strategies are categorised as follows: (1) Pyridine N-oxide mediated C-H activation, (2) Dimerization of C-H activation of pyridine, (3) Direct Pyridine C2-H activation, (4) Direct Pyridine C3-H activation and (5) Direct Pyridine C4-H activation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Several methods have been highlighted that can be utilised to prepare C-H functionalized products with regiospecificity that subsequently may be manipulated into interesting products which are difficult to attain easily.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This review explores various new direct C-H activation methods on pyridine which attempts to fill the void of traditional synthetic protocols in regard to regioselective pyridine functionalization. This review also explores the limitations of current methodologies which must be wiped off to attain a mature state in need of the pharmaceutical industry.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89536784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.2174/2211544712666230103163911
S. D. Kurbah
An eco-friendly catalyst was synthesized in good yield and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The catalytic performance of the environmentally benign complex was investigated via slurry synthesis of oximes. The catalytic studies were successfully carried out using a simple protocol. The fascinating advantage of this protocol is cost effectiveness, simple work up, good yield, short reactions time, and milder reaction conditions. The complex was prepared by reaction of vanadium pentoxide with hydrazone ligand in 1:1 molar ratios, and to this reaction mixture, potassium carbonate (0.14 g, 1 mmol) was added and ground till fine yellow colour powder appeared. Oximations were carried out by reacting the substrates, 15 % H2O2, ammonia and vanadium(V) complex. The reaction was taken in a mortar and ground till a fine powder appeared. After completion of the reaction, the crude product was extracted using dichloromethane/water in 1:2, v/v, evaporated and dried under vacuum. We synthesized different varieties of oximes using our newly synthesized complex as a catalyst. The products were characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The completion of the reaction was monitored by checking the complete disappearance of the aldehyde proton and the appearance of oxime protons. We also grew some single crystals of the products to provide further supporting evidences about the formation of products. Oximation of various carbonyl compounds was prepared quantitatively under the slurry condition, using {[K(H¬2O)3][V(O)2L]}2 as a catalyst. The catalytic reactions can be carried out under mild conditions, with ease of scalability, and straightforward work-up procedure, which makes the present protocols greener and better alternative methods for the synthesis of oximes.
{"title":"One Pot Synthesis of Oximes from Carbonyl Compounds Catalysed by Vanadium(V) Complex","authors":"S. D. Kurbah","doi":"10.2174/2211544712666230103163911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544712666230103163911","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000An eco-friendly catalyst was synthesized in good yield and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The catalytic performance of the environmentally benign complex was investigated via slurry synthesis of oximes. The catalytic studies were successfully carried out using a simple protocol. The fascinating advantage of this protocol is cost effectiveness, simple work up, good yield, short reactions time, and milder reaction conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The complex was prepared by reaction of vanadium pentoxide with hydrazone ligand in 1:1 molar ratios, and to this reaction mixture, potassium carbonate (0.14 g, 1 mmol) was added and ground till fine yellow colour powder appeared. Oximations were carried out by reacting the substrates, 15 % H2O2, ammonia and vanadium(V) complex. The reaction was taken in a mortar and ground till a fine powder appeared. After completion of the reaction, the crude product was extracted using dichloromethane/water in 1:2, v/v, evaporated and dried under vacuum.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We synthesized different varieties of oximes using our newly synthesized complex as a catalyst. The products were characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The completion of the reaction was monitored by checking the complete disappearance of the aldehyde proton and the appearance of oxime protons. We also grew some single crystals of the products to provide further supporting evidences about the formation of products.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Oximation of various carbonyl compounds was prepared quantitatively under the slurry condition, using {[K(H¬2O)3][V(O)2L]}2 as a catalyst. The catalytic reactions can be carried out under mild conditions, with ease of scalability, and straightforward work-up procedure, which makes the present protocols greener and better alternative methods for the synthesis of oximes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79543015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.2174/2211544712666221125141621
N. Das, Priyamabada Mahapatra
As a major source of pollutant, the effluents of dye based industries are mostly associated with several toxic heavy metals. Limited efforts have been made on simultaneous removal of both dyes and heavy metals from these effluents through adsorption/photocatalysis processes. Spinel ferrites with narrow band gap and high stability are suitable for further exploitation in this regard. Synthesis and characterisation of manganese ferrite nanoparticle and to assess its efficiency towards removal of organic dyes and hexavalent chromium in single and binary component systems are the objectives of this study. Manganese ferrite nanoparticle (MF NPs), prepared by coprecipitation, was characterised systematically by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Visible diffuse reflectance and magnetic measurement. Adsorptive and photocatalytic performances of the material under visible light were evaluated using aqueous solutions of different dyes and Cr(VI). Characterisation by various techniques revealed the formation of cubic MF nanoparticles with narrow band gap (1.78 eV) and moderate saturation magnetization (38.5 emu/g). In comparison, the anionic dyes and Cr(VI) were better adsorbed on MF, while photoactivity was more pronounced in the case of cationic dye. MF NPs displayed potential for photo-degradation/reduction of different dyes and Cr(VI) individually or simultaneously under visible light. The catalyst can be recovered magnetically from the reaction mixture for recycling and further use.
{"title":"Simultaneous Adsorptive/photocatalytic Removal of Organic Dyes and\u0000Hexavalent Chromium in Single and Binary Component Systems by Manganese\u0000Ferrite Nanoparticles","authors":"N. Das, Priyamabada Mahapatra","doi":"10.2174/2211544712666221125141621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544712666221125141621","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000As a major source of pollutant, the effluents of dye based industries are mostly associated with several toxic heavy metals. Limited efforts have been made on simultaneous removal of both dyes and heavy metals from these effluents through adsorption/photocatalysis processes. Spinel ferrites with narrow band gap and high stability are suitable for further exploitation in this regard.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Synthesis and characterisation of manganese ferrite nanoparticle and to assess its efficiency towards removal of organic dyes and hexavalent chromium in single and binary component systems are the objectives of this study.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Manganese ferrite nanoparticle (MF NPs), prepared by coprecipitation, was characterised systematically by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Visible diffuse reflectance and magnetic measurement. Adsorptive and photocatalytic performances of the material under visible light were evaluated using aqueous solutions of different dyes and Cr(VI).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Characterisation by various techniques revealed the formation of cubic MF nanoparticles with narrow band gap (1.78 eV) and moderate saturation magnetization (38.5 emu/g). In comparison, the anionic dyes and Cr(VI) were better adsorbed on MF, while photoactivity was more pronounced in the case of cationic dye.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000MF NPs displayed potential for photo-degradation/reduction of different dyes and Cr(VI) individually or simultaneously under visible light. The catalyst can be recovered magnetically from the reaction mixture for recycling and further use.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87096159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-13DOI: 10.2174/2211544711666220713091022
G. Baruah, Linton Hazarika, K. K. Shah, K. Bhattacharyya
Phenol and its derivatives exist in water bodies due to the discharge of polluted wastewater from industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities into water bodies. Various industries like pharmaceutical, petrochemical and coal processing industries discharge phenolic compounds into water bodies. Phenol and substituted phenols are quite toxic to humans. Oxidative destruction of phenol in water were carried out at ambient temperature by using laboratory-synthesized goethite and commercial Fe2O3, TiO2, and MnO2 as catalysts in the presence and in the absence of H2O2. The reactions were carried out in a batch reactor in 100 mL conical flasks. After mixing the reactants (Phenol and H2O2) and the catalyst in appropriate amounts, the flasks were capped and the contents were agitated in a water bath shaker (NSW, India) at a constant temperature of 300 K for a predetermined time interval. The results have been characterized in terms of percentage destruction of the Phenol. The catalyst Goethite was able to bring about 15.8 to 23.5% destruction as the reactant-H2O2 mole ratio was increased from 1:1 to 1:20 with a fixed catalyst load of 0.2 gL-1. The total conversion of phenol increases smoothly with an increase in the reaction time from 60 to 300 min in all cases except Fe2O3, in which case the reaction does not advance after 60 min. Interestingly, the catalyst MnO2, brings about 94.4 % oxidative conversion of phenol with the same loading in the absence of H2O2, i.e., in wet air oxidation. It is also found that 1:1 mixture of MnO2 + TiO2 gives 100 % conversion for a catalyst load of ≥ 6 gL-1 in absence of H2O2. It is found that phenol could be completely oxidized to harmless end products at room temperature. For this purpose, MnO2 has been found to be the most active catalyst among the ones tested whether H2O2 is present or not in the reaction mixture. The three oxides Fe2O3, goethite and TiO2 can perform better only in the presence of H2O2.
{"title":"Wet air oxidation of phenol on oxides of Fe(III), Mn(IV), Ti(IV) and Goethite.","authors":"G. Baruah, Linton Hazarika, K. K. Shah, K. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.2174/2211544711666220713091022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544711666220713091022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Phenol and its derivatives exist in water bodies due to the discharge of polluted wastewater from industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities into water bodies. Various industries like pharmaceutical, petrochemical and coal processing industries discharge phenolic compounds into water bodies. Phenol and substituted phenols are quite toxic to humans.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Oxidative destruction of phenol in water were carried out at ambient temperature by using laboratory-synthesized goethite and commercial Fe2O3, TiO2, and MnO2 as catalysts in the presence and in the absence of H2O2.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The reactions were carried out in a batch reactor in 100 mL conical flasks. After mixing the reactants (Phenol and H2O2) and the catalyst in appropriate amounts, the flasks were capped and the contents were agitated in a water bath shaker (NSW, India) at a constant temperature of 300 K for a predetermined time interval.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results have been characterized in terms of percentage destruction of the Phenol. The catalyst Goethite was able to bring about 15.8 to 23.5% destruction as the reactant-H2O2 mole ratio was increased from 1:1 to 1:20 with a fixed catalyst load of 0.2 gL-1. The total conversion of phenol increases smoothly with an increase in the reaction time from 60 to 300 min in all cases except Fe2O3, in which case the reaction does not advance after 60 min. Interestingly, the catalyst MnO2, brings about 94.4 % oxidative conversion of phenol with the same loading in the absence of H2O2, i.e., in wet air oxidation. It is also found that 1:1 mixture of MnO2 + TiO2 gives 100 % conversion for a catalyst load of ≥ 6 gL-1 in absence of H2O2.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000It is found that phenol could be completely oxidized to harmless end products at room temperature. For this purpose, MnO2 has been found to be the most active catalyst among the ones tested whether H2O2 is present or not in the reaction mixture. The three oxides Fe2O3, goethite and TiO2 can perform better only in the presence of H2O2.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90680881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.2174/2211544711666220629110020
F. Lamine, C. Afsina, Rajan Archana, G. Anilkumar
The synthesis of organoboron compounds was accomplished using borylation catalyzed by palladium. This reaction is ubiquitous due to its wide-spread utility in coupling reactions and allied applications in synthesis. The attraction of borylation in organic synthesis has been attributed to moderate conditions associated with the reactions and tolerance to different types of functional groups. Their applications spread across pharmaceutical, medical, agricultural and other fields. This review summarizes the recent advances in palladium-catalyzed borylation halides and covers literature from 2012-2021.
{"title":"Recent advances in palladium-catalyzed borylation","authors":"F. Lamine, C. Afsina, Rajan Archana, G. Anilkumar","doi":"10.2174/2211544711666220629110020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544711666220629110020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The synthesis of organoboron compounds was accomplished using borylation catalyzed by palladium. This reaction is ubiquitous due to its wide-spread utility in coupling reactions and allied applications in synthesis. The attraction of borylation in organic synthesis has been attributed to moderate conditions associated with the reactions and tolerance to different types of functional groups. Their applications spread across pharmaceutical, medical, agricultural and other fields. This review summarizes the recent advances in palladium-catalyzed borylation halides and covers literature from 2012-2021.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77069106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.2174/2211544711666220610163447
M. Shaikh, Mujahed Shaikh, Devendra S. Wagare, Anis Ahmed Sheikh, Sayyad Sultan Kasim
The 4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acid and its derivatives are having diverse applications in agriculture, industrial and pharmaceutical fields. Therefore the synthesis of this heterocyclic compound attracted the much attention of researchers with green chemistry protocols. In this research work we have introduced the green protocol for synthesis of 4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acid by keeping the parameters in mind like cost effective, environmentally benign, short reaction time and easy work-up procedure. Initially we have irradiated the mixture of substituted aldehyde, thiosemicarbazide and furan 2-5-dione in the presence of choline chloride-thiourea based Deep Eutectic Solvent [DES] as green medium. The reaction optimization was performed in different solvents like ethanol, glycerol, and PEG-400. The DES which was used as green solvent, produced excellent result in context to short reaction time, yield, easy workup, mild reaction condition and cost effective protocol. All the results are discussed. The DES-mediated synthesis of 4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acid is found to be excellent protocol which followed green chemistry principles. This method is having specific features like mild reaction condition, environmentally benign, cost effective and easy work-up procedure.
{"title":"Deep Eutectic Solvent [DES] Mediated Multicomponent Synthesis of 4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acid: A Green Chemistry Approach","authors":"M. Shaikh, Mujahed Shaikh, Devendra S. Wagare, Anis Ahmed Sheikh, Sayyad Sultan Kasim","doi":"10.2174/2211544711666220610163447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544711666220610163447","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The 4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acid and its derivatives are having diverse applications in agriculture, industrial and pharmaceutical fields. Therefore the synthesis of this heterocyclic compound attracted the much attention of researchers with green chemistry protocols. In this research work we have introduced the green protocol for synthesis of 4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acid by keeping the parameters in mind like cost effective, environmentally benign, short reaction time and easy work-up procedure.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Initially we have irradiated the mixture of substituted aldehyde, thiosemicarbazide and furan 2-5-dione in the presence of choline chloride-thiourea based Deep Eutectic Solvent [DES] as green medium. The reaction optimization was performed in different solvents like ethanol, glycerol, and PEG-400.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The DES which was used as green solvent, produced excellent result in context to short reaction time, yield, easy workup, mild reaction condition and cost effective protocol. All the results are discussed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The DES-mediated synthesis of 4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acid is found to be excellent protocol which followed green chemistry principles. This method is having specific features like mild reaction condition, environmentally benign, cost effective and easy work-up procedure.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90245038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.2174/2211544711666220524125344
Velumani Bharathi Priya, S. Uthayanila, Gopalsamy Selvaraj Ganesh, P. Karthikeyan
1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide [Aemim]Br ionic liquid were act as a catalyst as well as solvent in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The extent of products formed with high yield and more flattering for the synthesis of aliphatic and aromatic esters. The [Aemim]Br can be recycled for 6 runs without great loss of activity. The Knoevenagel condensation was one of the fundamental reactions in organic chemistry both at the laboratory and industrial. An effective method for the condensation of variety of aliphatic and aromatic carbonyl compounds with ethyl acetoacetate and subsequent hydrolysis, to corresponding α, β -unsaturated esters in [Aemim]Br was achieved. The weighed quantity of [Aemim]Br, an aldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate were carried out at 25OC. The reaction commenced instantaneously making the reaction mixture highly viscous. The product was extracted with ether. The combined organic extracts were dried using anhydrous sodium sulphate, evaporated under reduced pressure and assayed on GC. We could achieve to get Knoevenagel condensation with good yield. An effectual procedure for Knoevenagel condensation of a variety of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes with active ethyl acetoacetate arise smoothly in the presence of [Aemim]Br without any additional solvents. This is the best method that proved an effective green industrial process.
{"title":"A Solvent Free/Effective Base Unsaturated Esters Synthesis Using Novel Amine Functionalized Ionic Liquid","authors":"Velumani Bharathi Priya, S. Uthayanila, Gopalsamy Selvaraj Ganesh, P. Karthikeyan","doi":"10.2174/2211544711666220524125344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544711666220524125344","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u00001-(2-aminoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide [Aemim]Br ionic liquid were act as a catalyst as well as solvent in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The extent of products formed with high yield and more flattering for the synthesis of aliphatic and aromatic esters. The [Aemim]Br can be recycled for 6 runs without great loss of activity.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The Knoevenagel condensation was one of the fundamental reactions in organic chemistry both at the laboratory and industrial.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An effective method for the condensation of variety of aliphatic and aromatic carbonyl compounds with ethyl acetoacetate and subsequent hydrolysis, to corresponding α, β -unsaturated esters in [Aemim]Br was achieved.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The weighed quantity of [Aemim]Br, an aldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate were carried out at 25OC. The reaction commenced instantaneously making the reaction mixture highly viscous. The product was extracted with ether. The combined organic extracts were dried using anhydrous sodium sulphate, evaporated under reduced pressure and assayed on GC.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We could achieve to get Knoevenagel condensation with good yield.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An effectual procedure for Knoevenagel condensation of a variety of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes with active ethyl acetoacetate arise smoothly in the presence of [Aemim]Br without any additional solvents. This is the best method that proved an effective green industrial process.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89538521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.2174/2211544711666220517102216
S. Agarwal, D. Sharma
Experimental values of ultrasonic velocity (u), density (ρ) and viscosity (η) for the binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with 1-alkanols have been measured at 303.15 K over the entire mole fraction range. Using these data, the excess isentropic compressibility (β_s^E), excess intermolecular free length (L_f^E), excess molar volume (V_m^E), excess free volume (V_f^E) and excess available volume (V_a^E) have been calculated. These parameters were used to study the nature and extent of intermolecular interaction between components molecules present in the binary mixtures. Excess values of isentropic compressibility, intermolecular free length, molar volume, free volume and available volume were plotted against the mole fraction of ethyl acetate over the whole composition range. From the properties of these excess parameters the nature and strength of the interactions in these binary systems are discussed.
{"title":"Studying Different Thermodynamic properties of binary liquid mixture of ethyl acetate with 1-alkanols at 303.15K.","authors":"S. Agarwal, D. Sharma","doi":"10.2174/2211544711666220517102216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211544711666220517102216","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Experimental values of ultrasonic velocity (u), density (ρ) and viscosity (η) for the binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with 1-alkanols have been measured at 303.15 K over the entire mole fraction range.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Using these data, the excess isentropic compressibility (β_s^E), excess intermolecular free length (L_f^E), excess molar volume (V_m^E), excess free volume (V_f^E) and excess available volume (V_a^E) have been calculated. These parameters were used to study the nature and extent of intermolecular interaction between components molecules present in the binary mixtures.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Excess values of isentropic compressibility, intermolecular free length, molar volume, free volume and available volume were plotted against the mole fraction of ethyl acetate over the whole composition range.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000From the properties of these excess parameters the nature and strength of the interactions in these binary systems are discussed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10862,"journal":{"name":"Current Catalysis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74860564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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