Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230504140828
Michelli Dos Santos, Mariana Teixeira de Faria, Jonatas Oliveira da Silva, Isadora Braga Gandra, Anna Julia Ribeiro, Kamila Alves Silva, Lais Moreira Nogueira, Juliana Martins Machado, Reysla Maria da Silveira Mariano, Ana Alice Maia Gonçalves, Fernanda Ludolf, Mayron Antonio Candia-Puma, Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli, Mariana Campos-da-Paz, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino
Background: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by trematode worms of the genus schistosoma, which affects approximately 240 million people worldwide. the diagnosis of the disease can be performed by parasitological, molecular, and/or immunological methods, however, the development of new diagnostic methods still essential to guide policy decisions, monitor disease trends and assess the effectiveness of interventions.
Objective: in this sense, the current work summarizes the findings of a systematic review regarding antigens applied in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test, which were patented and published over the last ten years.
Methods: the literature search strategy used medical subject heading (mesh) terms to define as descriptors. "schistosoma mansoni" was used in arrangement with the descriptors "immunoassay", "enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay", "elisa", and "antigens", using the "and" connector. the patent search was done using keywords, including diagnosis and schistosoma or schistosomiasis or schistosome. several databases were employed for the patent search, such as intellectual property national institute; european patent office; the united states patent and trademark office; patent scope, and google patents.
Results: forty-one articles were retrieved, of which only five met the eligibility criteria. seventeen patents were taken from the databases, and a brief description of the most relevant inventions is given here.
Conclusion: schistosomiasis is considered the most important helminthic disease in worldwide. therefore, it is important to of searching for and develops diagnostic methods based on serology to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by the disease.
{"title":"A Mini-Review on Elisa-Based Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis.","authors":"Michelli Dos Santos, Mariana Teixeira de Faria, Jonatas Oliveira da Silva, Isadora Braga Gandra, Anna Julia Ribeiro, Kamila Alves Silva, Lais Moreira Nogueira, Juliana Martins Machado, Reysla Maria da Silveira Mariano, Ana Alice Maia Gonçalves, Fernanda Ludolf, Mayron Antonio Candia-Puma, Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli, Mariana Campos-da-Paz, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230504140828","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230504140828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by trematode worms of the genus schistosoma, which affects approximately 240 million people worldwide. the diagnosis of the disease can be performed by parasitological, molecular, and/or immunological methods, however, the development of new diagnostic methods still essential to guide policy decisions, monitor disease trends and assess the effectiveness of interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>in this sense, the current work summarizes the findings of a systematic review regarding antigens applied in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test, which were patented and published over the last ten years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>the literature search strategy used medical subject heading (mesh) terms to define as descriptors. \"schistosoma mansoni\" was used in arrangement with the descriptors \"immunoassay\", \"enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay\", \"elisa\", and \"antigens\", using the \"and\" connector. the patent search was done using keywords, including diagnosis and schistosoma or schistosomiasis or schistosome. several databases were employed for the patent search, such as intellectual property national institute; european patent office; the united states patent and trademark office; patent scope, and google patents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>forty-one articles were retrieved, of which only five met the eligibility criteria. seventeen patents were taken from the databases, and a brief description of the most relevant inventions is given here.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>schistosomiasis is considered the most important helminthic disease in worldwide. therefore, it is important to of searching for and develops diagnostic methods based on serology to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9763548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666221213111851
Vedpal Singh, Rohit Singh, Manish Pal Singh, Archita Katrolia
Secondary metabolites are an important part to play a major role in society and it was isolated from plant flavonoids and useful in the treatment of various kinds of diseases in the human race. They are widely used as food and nutrition supplements as well as antioxidants. Traditionally, the Desmodium species are an important tool for the secondary metabolites to treat various diseases. Desmodium triquetrum (Fabaceae) one of the Indian medicinal plants is widely used in the treatment of asthma and inflammation. Three flavonoids isolated from Desmodium triquetrum Linn namely Baicalein, Naringin and Neohesperidin are useful as antioxidants, food and nutrition supplements, that help the body to function efficiently while protecting it against toxins as well stressors. The role of flavonoids may be due to the presence of the phenolic compound. Similarly, the flavonoids such as gangetin, gangetinin, desmocarpin and desmodin isolated from the species Desmodium gangeticum are responsible for antileishmanial, antioxidant, anti-arthritic, and immunomodulatory activities. Additionally, isolated flavanoids from the species Desmodium triflorum show antibacterial, antiepileptic, antifungal, and radioprotective activities. So, the aim of the present study, based on the literature miming from the desmodium species is to acknowledge the importance of flavonoids in human health as dietary food supplements and therapeutic uses.
{"title":"Therapeutic Role of <i>Desmodium</i> Species on its Isolated Flavonoids.","authors":"Vedpal Singh, Rohit Singh, Manish Pal Singh, Archita Katrolia","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666221213111851","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666221213111851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary metabolites are an important part to play a major role in society and it was isolated from plant flavonoids and useful in the treatment of various kinds of diseases in the human race. They are widely used as food and nutrition supplements as well as antioxidants. Traditionally, the <i>Desmodium</i> species are an important tool for the secondary metabolites to treat various diseases. <i>Desmodium triquetrum</i> (Fabaceae) one of the Indian medicinal plants is widely used in the treatment of asthma and inflammation. Three flavonoids isolated from <i>Desmodium triquetrum</i> Linn namely Baicalein, Naringin and Neohesperidin are useful as antioxidants, food and nutrition supplements, that help the body to function efficiently while protecting it against toxins as well stressors. The role of flavonoids may be due to the presence of the phenolic compound. Similarly, the flavonoids such as gangetin, gangetinin, desmocarpin and desmodin isolated from the species <i>Desmodium gangeticum</i> are responsible for antileishmanial, antioxidant, anti-arthritic, and immunomodulatory activities. Additionally, isolated flavanoids from the species <i>Desmodium triflorum</i> show antibacterial, antiepileptic, antifungal, and radioprotective activities. So, the aim of the present study, based on the literature miming from the desmodium species is to acknowledge the importance of flavonoids in human health as dietary food supplements and therapeutic uses.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10339216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666221221094432
Ke Li, Lin Qi, Guyu Tang, Haozhe Xu, Zhi Li, Bo Fan, Zhongbei Li, Yuan Li
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignancy that remains a clinical challenge: Non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIUC) has a high rate of recurrence and risk of progression, while muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) has a high mortality. Although some new treatments, such as immunotherapies, have shown potential effects on some patients, most cases of advanced UC remain incurable. While treatments based on epigenetic mechanisms, whether combined with traditional platinum-based chemotherapy or emerging immunotherapy, show therapeutic advantages. With the advancement of sequencing and bioinformatics, the study of epigenomics, containing DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA, is increasingly linked with the occurrence and progression of UC. Since the epigenetics of UC is a constantly developing field of medicine, this review aims to summarize the latest research on epigenetic regulation of UC, generalize the mechanism of epigenetics in UC, and reveal the potential epigenetic therapies in the clinical setting, in order to provide some new clues on the discovery of new drugs based on the epigenetics.
尿路上皮癌(UC)是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,但在临床上仍是一项挑战:非肌层浸润性尿路上皮癌(NMIUC)的复发率和恶化风险很高,而肌层浸润性尿路上皮癌(MIUC)的死亡率很高。尽管一些新疗法(如免疫疗法)已对部分患者产生了潜在疗效,但大多数晚期尿路癌病例仍无法治愈。而基于表观遗传学机制的治疗方法,无论是与传统的铂类化疗相结合,还是与新兴的免疫疗法相结合,都显示出治疗优势。随着测序技术和生物信息学的发展,表观基因组学(包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑和非编码 RNA)的研究与 UC 的发生和发展的关系日益密切。由于多发性硬化症的表观遗传学是一个不断发展的医学领域,本综述旨在总结多发性硬化症表观遗传调控的最新研究,归纳表观遗传学在多发性硬化症中的作用机制,并揭示临床上潜在的表观遗传学疗法,从而为发现基于表观遗传学的新药提供一些新的线索。
{"title":"Epigenetic Regulation in Urothelial Carcinoma.","authors":"Ke Li, Lin Qi, Guyu Tang, Haozhe Xu, Zhi Li, Bo Fan, Zhongbei Li, Yuan Li","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666221221094432","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666221221094432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignancy that remains a clinical challenge: Non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIUC) has a high rate of recurrence and risk of progression, while muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) has a high mortality. Although some new treatments, such as immunotherapies, have shown potential effects on some patients, most cases of advanced UC remain incurable. While treatments based on epigenetic mechanisms, whether combined with traditional platinum-based chemotherapy or emerging immunotherapy, show therapeutic advantages. With the advancement of sequencing and bioinformatics, the study of epigenomics, containing DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA, is increasingly linked with the occurrence and progression of UC. Since the epigenetics of UC is a constantly developing field of medicine, this review aims to summarize the latest research on epigenetic regulation of UC, generalize the mechanism of epigenetics in UC, and reveal the potential epigenetic therapies in the clinical setting, in order to provide some new clues on the discovery of new drugs based on the epigenetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10625050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230720163448
Jiagui Chai, Sifan Yin, Wenbo Feng, Tao Zhang, Changxing Ke
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and poses a significant hazard to human health. During the development of BC, hypoxia plays a crucial role. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a key transcription factor for hypoxic adaptation, which regulates the transcription of various genes, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and glycolytic metabolism. Recent studies have shown the precise role of HIF in various biological behaviors of BC. More importantly, a new antitumor medication targeting HIF-2 has been used to treat renal cancer. However, therapies targeting HIF-1 in BC have not yet been developed. In this review, we discussed how HIF-1 is expressed and affects the growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis of BC. At the same time, we investigated several HIF-1 inhibitors that provide new perspectives for targeting HIF-1.
膀胱癌(BC)是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,对人类健康构成重大危害。在膀胱癌的发展过程中,缺氧起着至关重要的作用。低氧诱导因子(HIF)是低氧适应的关键转录因子,可调控炎症、血管生成和糖代谢等多种基因的转录。最近的研究表明,HIF 在 BC 的各种生物学行为中发挥着精确的作用。更重要的是,一种靶向 HIF-2 的新型抗肿瘤药物已被用于治疗肾癌。然而,针对 BC 中 HIF-1 的疗法尚未开发出来。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了 HIF-1 如何表达并影响 BC 的生长、转移和血管生成。同时,我们研究了几种HIF-1抑制剂,它们为靶向HIF-1提供了新的视角。
{"title":"The Role of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 in Bladder Cancer.","authors":"Jiagui Chai, Sifan Yin, Wenbo Feng, Tao Zhang, Changxing Ke","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230720163448","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230720163448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and poses a significant hazard to human health. During the development of BC, hypoxia plays a crucial role. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a key transcription factor for hypoxic adaptation, which regulates the transcription of various genes, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and glycolytic metabolism. Recent studies have shown the precise role of HIF in various biological behaviors of BC. More importantly, a new antitumor medication targeting HIF-2 has been used to treat renal cancer. However, therapies targeting HIF-1 in BC have not yet been developed. In this review, we discussed how HIF-1 is expressed and affects the growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis of BC. At the same time, we investigated several HIF-1 inhibitors that provide new perspectives for targeting HIF-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11327745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9843616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230818142831
Hossein Tahmasebi Dehkordi, Sorayya Ghasemi
An endogenous antioxidant, reduced glutathione (GSH), is found at high concentrations in nearly all typical cells. GSH synthesis is a controlled process, and any disruption in the process of GSH synthesis could result in GSH depletion. Cellular oxidative damage results from GSH depletion. Various pathological conditions such as aging, cardiovascular disease (CVD), psychiatric disorders, neurological disorders, liver disorders, and diabetes mellitus are more affected by this stress. There are various reasons for GSH reduction, but replenishing it can help to improve this condition. However, there are challenges in this field. Low bioavailability and poor stability of GSH limit its delivery to tissues, mainly brain tissue. Today, new approaches are used for the optimal amount and efficiency of drugs and alternative substances such as GSH. The use of nano-materials and liposomes are effective methods for improving the treatment effects of GSH. The difficulties of GSH decrease and its connection to the most important associated disorders are reviewed for the first time in this essay. The other major concerns are the molecular mechanisms involved in them; the impact of treatment with replacement GSH; the signaling pathways impacted; and the issues with alternative therapies. The utilization of nano-materials and liposomes as potential new approaches to solving these issues is being considered.
{"title":"Glutathione Therapy in Diseases: Challenges and Potential Solutions for Therapeutic Advancement.","authors":"Hossein Tahmasebi Dehkordi, Sorayya Ghasemi","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230818142831","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230818142831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An endogenous antioxidant, reduced glutathione (GSH), is found at high concentrations in nearly all typical cells. GSH synthesis is a controlled process, and any disruption in the process of GSH synthesis could result in GSH depletion. Cellular oxidative damage results from GSH depletion. Various pathological conditions such as aging, cardiovascular disease (CVD), psychiatric disorders, neurological disorders, liver disorders, and diabetes mellitus are more affected by this stress. There are various reasons for GSH reduction, but replenishing it can help to improve this condition. However, there are challenges in this field. Low bioavailability and poor stability of GSH limit its delivery to tissues, mainly brain tissue. Today, new approaches are used for the optimal amount and efficiency of drugs and alternative substances such as GSH. The use of nano-materials and liposomes are effective methods for improving the treatment effects of GSH. The difficulties of GSH decrease and its connection to the most important associated disorders are reviewed for the first time in this essay. The other major concerns are the molecular mechanisms involved in them; the impact of treatment with replacement GSH; the signaling pathways impacted; and the issues with alternative therapies. The utilization of nano-materials and liposomes as potential new approaches to solving these issues is being considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10021318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230816090843
Fei Chen, Shangze Li, Ji Wu, Qunfeng Guo, Haibin Wang, Bin Ni, Jun Yang
Background: Lower back pain, shown to be strongly associated with IVDD, affects approximately 60%-80% of adults and has a considerable societal and economic impact. Evidence suggests that IVDD, caused by abnormal apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), can be treated using MSC-derived exosomes.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the role of miR155-5p/Trim32 in intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Deregulating miR-155 has been shown to promote Fas-mediated apoptosis in human IVDD. Evidence also suggests that tripartite motif (TRIM)-containing protein 32 (Trim32) is regulated by miR-155. However, the role of miR155-5p/Trim32 in IVDD remains unclear.
Methods: Cell viability was checked using CCK-8 kits, and flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and apoptosis. Cell migration was measured with a Transwell assay, while a luciferase assay was adopted to study how miR-155-5p interacts with Trim32. The roles of Trim32 and miR-155-5p were studied by silencing or up-regulating them in NPCs, while qPCR and immunoblots were used to evaluate mRNA and protein changes, respectively.
Results: TNF-α treatment significantly inhibited cell viability but promoted Trim32 expression in primary mouse NPCs. Administration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) attenuated primary NPC cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by TNF- α. BMSCs-derived exosomes could be taken up by NPCs to inhibit TNF-α-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through miR-155-5p. Examination of the underlying mechanism showed that miR-155-5p targeted Trim32. Moreover, Trim32 overexpression inhibited the effect of BMSCs-derived exosomes on primary mouse NPC cell apoptosis induced by TNF-α.
Conclusion: Overall, these findings suggest that exosomes from BMSCs can suppress TNF-α-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in primary mouse NPCs through the delivery of miR-155-5p by targeting Trim32. This study provides a promising therapeutic strategy for IVDD.
{"title":"Exosomes derived from Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Nucleus Pulposus Cell Apoptosis via the miR-155- 5p/Trim32 Axis.","authors":"Fei Chen, Shangze Li, Ji Wu, Qunfeng Guo, Haibin Wang, Bin Ni, Jun Yang","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230816090843","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230816090843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower back pain, shown to be strongly associated with IVDD, affects approximately 60%-80% of adults and has a considerable societal and economic impact. Evidence suggests that IVDD, caused by abnormal apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), can be treated using MSC-derived exosomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the role of miR155-5p/Trim32 in intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Deregulating miR-155 has been shown to promote Fas-mediated apoptosis in human IVDD. Evidence also suggests that tripartite motif (TRIM)-containing protein 32 (Trim32) is regulated by miR-155. However, the role of miR155-5p/Trim32 in IVDD remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cell viability was checked using CCK-8 kits, and flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and apoptosis. Cell migration was measured with a Transwell assay, while a luciferase assay was adopted to study how miR-155-5p interacts with Trim32. The roles of Trim32 and miR-155-5p were studied by silencing or up-regulating them in NPCs, while qPCR and immunoblots were used to evaluate mRNA and protein changes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TNF-α treatment significantly inhibited cell viability but promoted Trim32 expression in primary mouse NPCs. Administration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) attenuated primary NPC cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by TNF- α. BMSCs-derived exosomes could be taken up by NPCs to inhibit TNF-α-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through miR-155-5p. Examination of the underlying mechanism showed that miR-155-5p targeted Trim32. Moreover, Trim32 overexpression inhibited the effect of BMSCs-derived exosomes on primary mouse NPC cell apoptosis induced by TNF-α.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, these findings suggest that exosomes from BMSCs can suppress TNF-α-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in primary mouse NPCs through the delivery of miR-155-5p by targeting Trim32. This study provides a promising therapeutic strategy for IVDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10367854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230907115753
Jeetendra Kumar Gupta, Kuldeep Singh
Bioactive peptides are a promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of diseases associated with Alzheimer's and brain disorders. These peptides are derived from naturally occurring proteins and have been shown to possess a variety of beneficial properties. They may modulate neurotransmitter systems, reduce inflammation, and improve cognitive performance. In addition, bioactive peptides have the potential to target specific molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's and brain disorders. For example, peptides have been shown to interact with amyloid-beta, a major component of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer's disease, and have been shown to reduce its accumulation in the brain. Furthermore, peptides have been found to modulate the activity of glutamate receptors, which are important for memory and learning, as well as to inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in the formation of toxic amyloid-beta aggregates. Finally, bioactive peptides have the potential to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, two major components of many neurological disorders. These peptides could be used alone or in combination with traditional pharmacological treatments to improve the management of diseases associated with Alzheimer's and brain disorders.
{"title":"Pharmacological Potential of Bioactive Peptides for the Treatment of Diseases Associated with Alzheimer's and Brain Disorders.","authors":"Jeetendra Kumar Gupta, Kuldeep Singh","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230907115753","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230907115753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioactive peptides are a promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of diseases associated with Alzheimer's and brain disorders. These peptides are derived from naturally occurring proteins and have been shown to possess a variety of beneficial properties. They may modulate neurotransmitter systems, reduce inflammation, and improve cognitive performance. In addition, bioactive peptides have the potential to target specific molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's and brain disorders. For example, peptides have been shown to interact with amyloid-beta, a major component of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer's disease, and have been shown to reduce its accumulation in the brain. Furthermore, peptides have been found to modulate the activity of glutamate receptors, which are important for memory and learning, as well as to inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in the formation of toxic amyloid-beta aggregates. Finally, bioactive peptides have the potential to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, two major components of many neurological disorders. These peptides could be used alone or in combination with traditional pharmacological treatments to improve the management of diseases associated with Alzheimer's and brain disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10203120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A major challenge in treating cancer is the development of drug resistance, which can result in treatment failure and tumor recurrence. Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a polyphenolic substance called resveratrol has the ability to combat this problem by lowering cancer resistance to drugs and opening up new therapeutic options. Resveratrol alters the expression of genes related to self-renewal, modulating important signaling pathways involved in cancer initiation and CSC control. Additionally, resveratrol affects non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs which are essential for stemness, drug resistance, and other cancer-related activities. Numerous studies have shown that resveratrol has the potential to be an effective anticancer drug when used in combination therapy, but issues with absorption and pharmacokinetics still need to be resolved before it can be used in clinical applications. Reducing chemotherapy resistance by better understanding the intricate mechanisms by which resveratrol affects cancer cells and CSCs, as well as its impact on ncRNA expression, could eventually contribute to more effective cancer treatments. To completely understand these pathways and optimize the utilization of resveratrol in combination treatments, additional study is necessary.
{"title":"Resveratrol: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and ncRNAs to Overcome Cancer Drug Resistance.","authors":"Leila Rezakhani, Sima Salmani, Masoumeh Eliyasi Dashtaki, Sorayya Ghasemi","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230817102114","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230817102114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A major challenge in treating cancer is the development of drug resistance, which can result in treatment failure and tumor recurrence. Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a polyphenolic substance called resveratrol has the ability to combat this problem by lowering cancer resistance to drugs and opening up new therapeutic options. Resveratrol alters the expression of genes related to self-renewal, modulating important signaling pathways involved in cancer initiation and CSC control. Additionally, resveratrol affects non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs which are essential for stemness, drug resistance, and other cancer-related activities. Numerous studies have shown that resveratrol has the potential to be an effective anticancer drug when used in combination therapy, but issues with absorption and pharmacokinetics still need to be resolved before it can be used in clinical applications. Reducing chemotherapy resistance by better understanding the intricate mechanisms by which resveratrol affects cancer cells and CSCs, as well as its impact on ncRNA expression, could eventually contribute to more effective cancer treatments. To completely understand these pathways and optimize the utilization of resveratrol in combination treatments, additional study is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10021605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230314104442
Simranjeet Kaur, Dilpreet Singh
{"title":"Resveratrol-Exemestane Beneficial Regimen to Overcome the Complications over Existing Therapies for the Management of Breast Cancer.","authors":"Simranjeet Kaur, Dilpreet Singh","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230314104442","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230314104442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9111626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230321095233
Xiaoxue Cui, Bo Gao, Yijun Yu, Ye Gu, Liqun Hu
Background: It has been observed previously that chronic methamphetamine (METH) administration could upregulate neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression and promote atherosclerotic formation in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice fed with a normal cholesterol or high diet and NPY might be involved in the pathogenesis of METHinduced atherogenic effects through NPY Y1 receptor pathway. Vulnerable coronary atherosclerotic plaque (VP) is a critical pathological finding responsible for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In this study, we explored whether METH abuse could aggravate the formation of VP in ApoE-/- mice fed with high cholesterol diet.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to observe if chronic METH administration could aggravate vulnerable plaque (VP) formation in ApoE-/- mice fed with a highcholesterol diet.
Methods: Male ApoE-/- mice fed with a high-cholesterol diet were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline (NS) or 8 mg/kg/day METH (M8) for 24 weeks. Body weight was monitored from baseline to 24 weeks at 2 weeks intervals. After 24 weeks of treatment, plasma lipid variables were measured. Movat's staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on frozen sections of the aortic roots to calculate VP percentage and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) percentage and detect expression of NPY, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD31. In vitro, the expressions of Y2R, VEGF, and CD31 were detected by immunofluorescence staining in aortic endothelial cells incubated with PBS, 100μM METH, 10nmol NPY, or 100μM METH plus 10nmol NPY for 12 hours.
Results: The CD31 positive area, percentage of IPH, VP, and the expressions of NPY and VEGF were significantly increased in the M8 group than in the NS group. In vitro, the expressions of Y2R, VEGF, and CD31 were significantly increased in the METH+NPY group than in the PBS, METH, and NPY groups and these effects could be blunted by treatment with a Y2R antagonist or DPPIV inhibitor.
Conclusion: Chronic METH administration could aggravate VP in ApoE-/- mice fed with a high-cholesterol diet, possibly through upregulating vascular NPY and VEGF expression and promoting angiogenesis and vessel rupture in atherosclerotic plaques. Our findings indicated that increased VP formation might contribute to the development of acute coronary syndrome post-chronic METH abuse by activating DPPIV/NPY/Y2R pathway.
{"title":"Chronic Administration of Methamphetamine Aggravates Atherosclerotic Vulnerable Plaques in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice Fed with a High-cholesterol Diet.","authors":"Xiaoxue Cui, Bo Gao, Yijun Yu, Ye Gu, Liqun Hu","doi":"10.2174/1566524023666230321095233","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1566524023666230321095233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It has been observed previously that chronic methamphetamine (METH) administration could upregulate neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression and promote atherosclerotic formation in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice fed with a normal cholesterol or high diet and NPY might be involved in the pathogenesis of METHinduced atherogenic effects through NPY Y1 receptor pathway. Vulnerable coronary atherosclerotic plaque (VP) is a critical pathological finding responsible for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In this study, we explored whether METH abuse could aggravate the formation of VP in ApoE-/- mice fed with high cholesterol diet.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to observe if chronic METH administration could aggravate vulnerable plaque (VP) formation in ApoE-/- mice fed with a highcholesterol diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male ApoE-/- mice fed with a high-cholesterol diet were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline (NS) or 8 mg/kg/day METH (M8) for 24 weeks. Body weight was monitored from baseline to 24 weeks at 2 weeks intervals. After 24 weeks of treatment, plasma lipid variables were measured. Movat's staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on frozen sections of the aortic roots to calculate VP percentage and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) percentage and detect expression of NPY, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD31. In vitro, the expressions of Y2R, VEGF, and CD31 were detected by immunofluorescence staining in aortic endothelial cells incubated with PBS, 100μM METH, 10nmol NPY, or 100μM METH plus 10nmol NPY for 12 hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CD31 positive area, percentage of IPH, VP, and the expressions of NPY and VEGF were significantly increased in the M8 group than in the NS group. In vitro, the expressions of Y2R, VEGF, and CD31 were significantly increased in the METH+NPY group than in the PBS, METH, and NPY groups and these effects could be blunted by treatment with a Y2R antagonist or DPPIV inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chronic METH administration could aggravate VP in ApoE-/- mice fed with a high-cholesterol diet, possibly through upregulating vascular NPY and VEGF expression and promoting angiogenesis and vessel rupture in atherosclerotic plaques. Our findings indicated that increased VP formation might contribute to the development of acute coronary syndrome post-chronic METH abuse by activating DPPIV/NPY/Y2R pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":10873,"journal":{"name":"Current molecular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9150365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}