首页 > 最新文献

DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

英文 中文
Smoking cessation pharmacotherapy; varenicline or bupropion? 戒烟药物疗法;伐尼克兰还是安非他明?
IF 3.6 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-024-00539-6
Fatemeh Rahimi, Ali Massoudifar, Roya Rahimi

Objectives

Tobacco smoking is a worldwide health problem and one of the leading causes of premature deaths in last years. As there are lots of researches focusing on cessation strategies with attention to pharmacotherapy and behavioral counseling, the aim of this study was to compare two of the first-line FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation; varenicline and bupropion.

Evidence acqusition

This writing is an overview of researches published in Pubmed database from 2012 to 2022 with “Varenicline” and “Bupropion” as key words. Among the researches that were found, 24 articles were selected which mainly focused on comparison of these two medicines.

Results

Varenicline and bupropion are known as non-nicotinic pharmacotherapy and have been used in addition to nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Varenicline is partial agonist for α4β2 nicotinic acetyl choline receptors while bupropion, classified as an atypical antidepressant, is actually a norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Although these treatments can result in some adverse effects including nausea, insomnia, anxiety, irritability, fatigue and abnormal dreams, their efficacy in reduction of craving and also maintenance of abstinence is well been studied and approved by FDA. Moreover, adverse effects are usually mild to moderate clinical symptoms which can be tolerated and also easily managed and prevented in cases.

Conclusion

The efficacy and tolerability of varenicline and bupropion as treatments for smoking cessation is well understood. However, studies have shown that varenicline seems to be more effective in maintaining of abstinence and also reducing craving than bupropion and NRT.

目的吸烟是一个世界性的健康问题,也是近年来导致过早死亡的主要原因之一。由于有很多研究关注药物疗法和行为咨询的戒烟策略,本研究旨在比较两种经 FDA 批准的一线戒烟药物疗法:伐尼克兰和安非他酮。结果伐尼克兰和安非他酮被称为非烟碱类药物疗法,已被用于尼古丁替代疗法之外的戒烟治疗。伐尼克兰是α4β2烟碱乙酰胆碱受体的部分激动剂,而被归类为非典型抗抑郁药的安非他酮实际上是去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺再摄取抑制剂。虽然这些治疗方法会导致一些不良反应,包括恶心、失眠、焦虑、易怒、疲劳和梦境异常,但它们在减少渴求和维持戒断方面的疗效已经过充分研究,并获得了美国食品和药物管理局的批准。此外,不良反应通常是轻度至中度的临床症状,可以耐受,也很容易控制和预防。结论人们已经充分了解伐尼克兰和安非他酮作为戒烟治疗药物的疗效和耐受性。然而,研究表明,与安非他酮和 NRT 相比,伐尼克兰在维持戒烟和减少烟瘾方面似乎更有效。
{"title":"Smoking cessation pharmacotherapy; varenicline or bupropion?","authors":"Fatemeh Rahimi, Ali Massoudifar, Roya Rahimi","doi":"10.1007/s40199-024-00539-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40199-024-00539-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Tobacco smoking is a worldwide health problem and one of the leading causes of premature deaths in last years. As there are lots of researches focusing on cessation strategies with attention to pharmacotherapy and behavioral counseling, the aim of this study was to compare two of the first-line FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation; varenicline and bupropion.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Evidence acqusition</h3><p>This writing is an overview of researches published in Pubmed database from 2012 to 2022 with “Varenicline” and “Bupropion” as key words. Among the researches that were found, 24 articles were selected which mainly focused on comparison of these two medicines.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Varenicline and bupropion are known as non-nicotinic pharmacotherapy and have been used in addition to nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Varenicline is partial agonist for α4β2 nicotinic acetyl choline receptors while bupropion, classified as an atypical antidepressant, is actually a norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Although these treatments can result in some adverse effects including nausea, insomnia, anxiety, irritability, fatigue and abnormal dreams, their efficacy in reduction of craving and also maintenance of abstinence is well been studied and approved by FDA. Moreover, adverse effects are usually mild to moderate clinical symptoms which can be tolerated and also easily managed and prevented in cases.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The efficacy and tolerability of varenicline and bupropion as treatments for smoking cessation is well understood. However, studies have shown that varenicline seems to be more effective in maintaining of abstinence and also reducing craving than bupropion and NRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"305 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Freeze-drying of bupivacaine lipospheres: preparation, characterization, and evaluation of anti-microbial properties. 冷冻干燥布比卡因脂球:制备、表征和抗微生物特性评估。
IF 3.6 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-024-00506-1
Sepehr Labanian, Homa Faghihi, Hamed Montazeri, Aliakbar Jafarian

Purpose: To prepare freeze-dried bupivacaine lipospheres intended for topical application in burn injuries. The aim was improving the storage stability and developing a prolonged release pattern to tackle the adverse reactions resulting from the frequent administration of bupivacaine.

Methods: The lipospheres were prepared by hot-melt dispersion method employing bupivacaine base at 1.5 and 3%w/w, tristearin 6% w/w as the core while dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC) as the coat at 0.75, 1.5 and 3% w/w. The lotion was then freeze-dried and cryoprotected by sucrose 3% w/w. Evaluation was carried out through loading and release analysis, storage study, particle characterization including morphology, zeta potential and particle size as well as anti-microbial assessment.

Results: The highest loading, (87.6 ± 0.1%), was achieved using bupivacaine 3% and SPC 0.75%. After 6 months of storage at 4 ͦC, the loading in the lotion and the freeze-dried samples were 17.4 ± 0.2 and 87.2 ± 0.3%, respectively. In vitro dissolution test demonstrated 94.5% and 95% of bupivacaine release from lotion and freeze-dried samples, after 24 h. The respective zeta potential of -1.30 and 26 mV was recorded for lotion and solid-state bupivacaine. Micromeritic evaluation of freeze-dried powder exhibited particle size of 35.23 ± 2.02 μm and highly-wrinkled-irregular morphology without detectable needle structures related to drug free crystals. The powder had rapid reconstitution property and antibacterial activity.

Conclusion: Freeze- drying holds a promising potential to improve the storage stability of bupivacaine lipospheres with well- preserved release pattern and particle properties for further topical application.

目的:制备用于烧伤局部用药的冻干布比卡因脂球。目的是提高其储存稳定性,并开发一种长效释放模式,以解决因频繁使用布比卡因而产生的不良反应:采用热熔分散法制备脂球,以 1.5% 和 3% w/w 的布比卡因为基质,以 6% w/w 的三硬脂苷为核心,以 0.75、1.5 和 3% w/w 的二棕榈酰基磷脂酰胆碱 (DPPC) 和大豆磷脂酰胆碱 (SPC) 为外层。然后对乳液进行冷冻干燥,并用 3% w/w 的蔗糖进行低温保护。通过负载和释放分析、储存研究、颗粒表征(包括形态、ZETA电位和粒度)以及抗微生物评估进行了评估:结果:布比卡因 3% 和 SPC 0.75% 的负载量最高(87.6 ± 0.1%)。在 4 ͦC 下保存 6 个月后,乳液和冻干样品的负载量分别为 17.4 ± 0.2 和 87.2 ± 0.3%。体外溶解试验表明,24 小时后,布比卡因分别从乳液和冻干样品中释放了 94.5% 和 95%。对冻干粉末进行的微观评价显示,其粒径为 35.23 ± 2.02 μm,形态为高度皱缩的不规则状,未发现与药物游离晶体有关的针状结构。该粉末具有快速复溶特性和抗菌活性:冷冻干燥法有望提高布比卡因脂球的贮存稳定性,并能很好地保留释放模式和颗粒特性,以便进一步局部应用。
{"title":"Freeze-drying of bupivacaine lipospheres: preparation, characterization, and evaluation of anti-microbial properties.","authors":"Sepehr Labanian, Homa Faghihi, Hamed Montazeri, Aliakbar Jafarian","doi":"10.1007/s40199-024-00506-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-024-00506-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To prepare freeze-dried bupivacaine lipospheres intended for topical application in burn injuries. The aim was improving the storage stability and developing a prolonged release pattern to tackle the adverse reactions resulting from the frequent administration of bupivacaine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The lipospheres were prepared by hot-melt dispersion method employing bupivacaine base at 1.5 and 3%w/w, tristearin 6% w/w as the core while dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC) as the coat at 0.75, 1.5 and 3% w/w. The lotion was then freeze-dried and cryoprotected by sucrose 3% w/w. Evaluation was carried out through loading and release analysis, storage study, particle characterization including morphology, zeta potential and particle size as well as anti-microbial assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest loading, (87.6 ± 0.1%), was achieved using bupivacaine 3% and SPC 0.75%. After 6 months of storage at 4 ͦC, the loading in the lotion and the freeze-dried samples were 17.4 ± 0.2 and 87.2 ± 0.3%, respectively. In vitro dissolution test demonstrated 94.5% and 95% of bupivacaine release from lotion and freeze-dried samples, after 24 h. The respective zeta potential of -1.30 and 26 mV was recorded for lotion and solid-state bupivacaine. Micromeritic evaluation of freeze-dried powder exhibited particle size of 35.23 ± 2.02 μm and highly-wrinkled-irregular morphology without detectable needle structures related to drug free crystals. The powder had rapid reconstitution property and antibacterial activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Freeze- drying holds a promising potential to improve the storage stability of bupivacaine lipospheres with well- preserved release pattern and particle properties for further topical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral regimen for high dose methotrexate urine alkalinization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 大剂量甲氨蝶呤尿液碱化的口服方案:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00499-3
Romina Kaveh-Ahangaran, Mohammad Abdollahi, Mohammad Vaezi, Amir Kasaeian, Zhalleh Bahlouli, Ghasem Janbabaei, Amirmahdi Mojtahedzadeh, Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh, Shirin Djalalinia, Bita Shahrami

Objective: Urine alkalinization prevents nephrotoxicity in patients receiving high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX). While the standard approach involves IV sodium bicarbonate, alternative oral bicarbonate regimens are crucial in drug shortages and outpatient settings. This study aims to review the efficacy and safety of such regimens.

Methods: PubMed, WOS, and Scopus were systematically searched using the PRISMA protocol for relevant studies involving human subjects, including randomized clinical trials, retrospective, prospective, cohort, case reports, and case series studies. There were no restrictions on language, time, or age group. Qualified and eligible papers were used to extract data on efficacy and safety indicators, and the final relevant records were assessed for quality using the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool.

Results: 12 studies with 1212 participants were included in the systematic review, with pooled data from 8 studies used for meta-analysis. No significant differences in mean differences (MDs) or odds ratio (OR) were found after the oral bicarbonate regimen, except for when urine pH fell to < 7 (MD: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.5, P < 0.05) and the incidence of diarrhea (OR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.69, 5.05, P < 0.05).

Conclusion: An oral bicarbonate regimen is a safe and effective way to alkalize HDMTX urine, providing a viable and cost-effective alternative to IV protocols. Further prospective multicenter studies are necessary. Systematic review registration identifier: CRD42023379666.

目的:尿液碱化可防止接受大剂量甲氨蝶呤(HDMTX)治疗的患者出现肾毒性。虽然标准方法是静脉注射碳酸氢钠,但在药物短缺和门诊环境中,替代性口服碳酸氢盐方案也至关重要。本研究旨在回顾这些方案的有效性和安全性:方法:采用 PRISMA 协议系统地检索了 PubMed、WOS 和 Scopus 上涉及人体的相关研究,包括随机临床试验、回顾性研究、前瞻性研究、队列研究、病例报告和病例系列研究。对语言、时间或年龄组没有限制。合格且符合条件的论文用于提取疗效和安全性指标的数据,并使用非随机干预研究中的偏倚风险(ROBINS-I)评估工具对最终相关记录进行质量评估:12项研究共1212名参与者被纳入系统综述,其中8项研究的汇总数据被用于荟萃分析。除尿液 pH 值降至结论值外,口服碳酸氢盐疗法后的平均差(MDs)或几率比(OR)均无明显差异:口服碳酸氢盐方案是碱化 HDMTX 尿液的一种安全有效的方法,是静脉注射方案的一种可行且经济有效的替代方案。有必要进一步开展前瞻性多中心研究。系统综述注册标识符:CRD42023379666。
{"title":"Oral regimen for high dose methotrexate urine alkalinization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Romina Kaveh-Ahangaran, Mohammad Abdollahi, Mohammad Vaezi, Amir Kasaeian, Zhalleh Bahlouli, Ghasem Janbabaei, Amirmahdi Mojtahedzadeh, Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh, Shirin Djalalinia, Bita Shahrami","doi":"10.1007/s40199-023-00499-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-023-00499-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Urine alkalinization prevents nephrotoxicity in patients receiving high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX). While the standard approach involves IV sodium bicarbonate, alternative oral bicarbonate regimens are crucial in drug shortages and outpatient settings. This study aims to review the efficacy and safety of such regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, WOS, and Scopus were systematically searched using the PRISMA protocol for relevant studies involving human subjects, including randomized clinical trials, retrospective, prospective, cohort, case reports, and case series studies. There were no restrictions on language, time, or age group. Qualified and eligible papers were used to extract data on efficacy and safety indicators, and the final relevant records were assessed for quality using the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>12 studies with 1212 participants were included in the systematic review, with pooled data from 8 studies used for meta-analysis. No significant differences in mean differences (MDs) or odds ratio (OR) were found after the oral bicarbonate regimen, except for when urine pH fell to < 7 (MD: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.5, P < 0.05) and the incidence of diarrhea (OR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.69, 5.05, P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An oral bicarbonate regimen is a safe and effective way to alkalize HDMTX urine, providing a viable and cost-effective alternative to IV protocols. Further prospective multicenter studies are necessary. Systematic review registration identifier: CRD42023379666.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"353-377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139484426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A critical overview of challenging roles of medicinal plants in improvement of wound healing technology. 药用植物在改善伤口愈合技术方面的挑战性作用综述。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00502-x
Deepika Pathak, Avijit Mazumder

Purpose: Chronic diseases often hinder the natural healing process, making wound infections a prevalent clinical concern. In severe cases, complications can arise, potentially leading to fatal outcomes. While allopathic treatments offer numerous options for wound repair and management, the enduring popularity of herbal medications may be attributed to their perceived minimal side effects. Hence, this review aims to investigate the potential of herbal remedies in efficiently treating wounds, presenting a promising alternative for consideration.

Methods: A literature search was done including research, reviews, systematic literature review, meta-analysis, and clinical trials considered. Search engines such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used while retrieving data. Keywords like Wound healing 'Wound healing and herbal combinations', 'Herbal wound dressing', Nanotechnology and Wound dressing were used.

Result: This review provides valuable insights into the role of natural products and technology-based formulations in the treatment of wound infections. It evaluates the use of herbal remedies as an effective approach. Various active principles from herbs, categorized as flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and phenolic compounds, have shown effectiveness in promoting wound closure. A multitude of herbal remedies have demonstrated significant efficacy in wound management, offering an additional avenue for care. The review encompasses a total of 72 studies, involving 127 distinct herbs (excluding any common herbs shared between studies), primarily belonging to the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apiaceae. In research, rat models were predominantly utilized to assess wound healing activities. Furthermore, advancements in herbal-based formulations using nanotechnology-based wound dressing materials, such as nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanofiber mats, polymeric fibers, and hydrogel-based microneedles, are underway. These innovations aim to enhance targeted drug delivery and expedite recovery. Several clinical-based experimental studies have already been documented, evaluating the efficacy of various natural products for wound care and management. This signifies a promising direction in the field of wound treatment.

Conclusion: In recent years, scientists have increasingly utilized evidence-based medicine and advanced scientific techniques to validate the efficacy of herbal medicines and delve into the underlying mechanisms of their actions. However, there remains a critical need for further research to thoroughly understand how isolated chemicals extracted from herbs contribute to the healing process of intricate wounds, which may have life-threatening consequences. This ongoing research endeavor holds great promise in not only advancing our understanding but also in the development of innovative formulations that expedite the recovery process.

目的:慢性疾病往往会阻碍伤口的自然愈合过程,使伤口感染成为临床上普遍关注的问题。严重时还会出现并发症,有可能导致致命后果。虽然对抗疗法为伤口修复和管理提供了多种选择,但中草药之所以经久不衰,可能是由于它们被认为副作用最小。因此,本综述旨在研究草药在有效治疗伤口方面的潜力,为人们提供一种值得考虑的替代疗法:方法:进行文献检索,包括研究、综述、系统文献综述、荟萃分析和临床试验。检索数据时使用了 Pubmed、Google Scholar 和 Scopus 等搜索引擎。使用了 "伤口愈合"、"伤口愈合与草药组合"、"草药伤口敷料"、纳米技术和伤口敷料等关键词:结果:这篇综述对天然产品和技术配方在治疗伤口感染中的作用提供了有价值的见解。它评估了草药疗法作为一种有效方法的使用情况。草药中的黄酮类、苷类、皂苷类和酚类化合物等各种活性成分在促进伤口闭合方面显示出了有效性。多种草药在伤口处理方面具有显著疗效,为护理提供了新的途径。本综述共包括 72 项研究,涉及 127 种不同的草药(不包括研究之间共享的任何普通草药),主要属于菊科、豆科和繖形花科。在研究中,主要利用大鼠模型来评估伤口愈合活性。此外,使用纳米技术伤口敷料材料(如纳米纤维、纳米乳液、纳米纤维垫、聚合物纤维和水凝胶微针)的草药制剂也在不断进步。这些创新旨在加强靶向给药,加快伤口恢复。已有多项临床实验研究对各种天然产品在伤口护理和管理方面的功效进行了评估。这标志着伤口治疗领域的一个充满希望的方向:近年来,科学家们越来越多地利用循证医学和先进的科学技术来验证草药的功效,并深入研究其作用的内在机制。然而,要彻底了解从草药中提取的分离化学物质是如何促进复杂伤口的愈合过程(这些伤口可能会危及生命),仍亟需进一步研究。这项正在进行的研究工作不仅有望加深我们的理解,而且有望开发出加快伤口愈合过程的创新配方。
{"title":"A critical overview of challenging roles of medicinal plants in improvement of wound healing technology.","authors":"Deepika Pathak, Avijit Mazumder","doi":"10.1007/s40199-023-00502-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-023-00502-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic diseases often hinder the natural healing process, making wound infections a prevalent clinical concern. In severe cases, complications can arise, potentially leading to fatal outcomes. While allopathic treatments offer numerous options for wound repair and management, the enduring popularity of herbal medications may be attributed to their perceived minimal side effects. Hence, this review aims to investigate the potential of herbal remedies in efficiently treating wounds, presenting a promising alternative for consideration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was done including research, reviews, systematic literature review, meta-analysis, and clinical trials considered. Search engines such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used while retrieving data. Keywords like Wound healing 'Wound healing and herbal combinations', 'Herbal wound dressing', Nanotechnology and Wound dressing were used.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>This review provides valuable insights into the role of natural products and technology-based formulations in the treatment of wound infections. It evaluates the use of herbal remedies as an effective approach. Various active principles from herbs, categorized as flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and phenolic compounds, have shown effectiveness in promoting wound closure. A multitude of herbal remedies have demonstrated significant efficacy in wound management, offering an additional avenue for care. The review encompasses a total of 72 studies, involving 127 distinct herbs (excluding any common herbs shared between studies), primarily belonging to the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apiaceae. In research, rat models were predominantly utilized to assess wound healing activities. Furthermore, advancements in herbal-based formulations using nanotechnology-based wound dressing materials, such as nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanofiber mats, polymeric fibers, and hydrogel-based microneedles, are underway. These innovations aim to enhance targeted drug delivery and expedite recovery. Several clinical-based experimental studies have already been documented, evaluating the efficacy of various natural products for wound care and management. This signifies a promising direction in the field of wound treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In recent years, scientists have increasingly utilized evidence-based medicine and advanced scientific techniques to validate the efficacy of herbal medicines and delve into the underlying mechanisms of their actions. However, there remains a critical need for further research to thoroughly understand how isolated chemicals extracted from herbs contribute to the healing process of intricate wounds, which may have life-threatening consequences. This ongoing research endeavor holds great promise in not only advancing our understanding but also in the development of innovative formulations that expedite the recovery process.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"379-419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The association between anti-diabetic agents and osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia among Iranian older adults; Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program. 抗糖尿病药物与伊朗老年人骨质疏松症、肌肉疏松症和骨肉疏松症之间的关系;布什尔老年人健康(BEH)计划。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00497-5
Yasmin Heydarzadeh Sohi, Ali Golestani, Ghodratollah Panahi, Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, Kazem Khalagi, Noushin Fahimfar, Afshin Ostovar, Mahnaz Sanjari, Bagher Larijani, Iraj Nabipour

Purpose: Various risk factors are mentioned for osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia. Our aim is to assess the impacts of anti-diabetic drugs on these disorders.

Methods: To perform this study, the participants' data was extracted from the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program in Iran. Afterward, the data were categorized into three subgroups: osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia, based on WHO and European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP-2) working group definitions. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, past medical history, and current medications were recorded. Pearson chi-squared and simple/multiple logistic regression using Python (3.11.4) and R (4.3.1) programming software assessed the association between anti-diabetic agents and these bone disorders.

Results: Out of 1995 participants, 820, 848, and 404 had osteoporosis, sarcopenia, or osteosarcopenia, respectively. Among all types of anti-diabetic drugs, a significant protective association between osteoporosis and consumption of second-generation sulfonylureas was found; Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) = 0.65 ([95% CI: 0.45-0.94], p-value = 0.023). No associations were found between sarcopenia and consumption of anti-diabetic agents. A significant association was observed between using Meglitinides and the risk of osteosarcopenia; AOR = 4.98 ([95% CI: 1.5-16.55], p-value = 0.009).

Conclusion: In conclusion, a protective association between consumption of second-generation sulfonylureas and osteoporosis was found. Moreover, a positive association was found between the consumption of meglitinides and osteosarcopenia. However, to support these findings, further studies are recommended.

目的:骨质疏松症、肌肉疏松症和骨关节疏松症的风险因素多种多样。我们的目的是评估抗糖尿病药物对这些疾病的影响:为了开展这项研究,我们从伊朗布什尔老年人健康(BEH)项目中提取了参与者的数据。然后,根据世界卫生组织和欧洲老年人肌肉疏松症工作组(EWGSOP-2)的定义,将数据分为三个亚组:骨质疏松症、肌肉疏松症和骨肉疏松症。研究人员还记录了人口统计学特征、人体测量指标、既往病史和当前用药情况。使用 Python (3.11.4) 和 R (4.3.1) 编程软件进行皮尔逊卡方和简单/多重逻辑回归,以评估抗糖尿病药物与这些骨骼疾病之间的关联:在 1995 名参与者中,分别有 820 人、848 人和 404 人患有骨质疏松症、肌肉疏松症或骨肌疏松症。在所有类型的抗糖尿病药物中,骨质疏松症与服用第二代磺脲类药物之间存在明显的保护性关联;调整后奇数比(AOR)= 0.65([95% CI:0.45-0.94],P 值= 0.023)。没有发现肌肉疏松症与服用抗糖尿病药物有关。使用甲格列汀类药物与患骨肉疏松症的风险之间存在明显关联;AOR = 4.98([95% CI:1.5-16.55],P 值 = 0.009):总之,研究发现服用第二代磺脲类药物与骨质疏松症之间存在保护性关联。此外,还发现服用甲格列汀类药物与骨质疏松之间存在正相关。不过,为支持这些发现,建议开展进一步研究。
{"title":"The association between anti-diabetic agents and osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia among Iranian older adults; Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program.","authors":"Yasmin Heydarzadeh Sohi, Ali Golestani, Ghodratollah Panahi, Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, Kazem Khalagi, Noushin Fahimfar, Afshin Ostovar, Mahnaz Sanjari, Bagher Larijani, Iraj Nabipour","doi":"10.1007/s40199-023-00497-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-023-00497-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Various risk factors are mentioned for osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia. Our aim is to assess the impacts of anti-diabetic drugs on these disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To perform this study, the participants' data was extracted from the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program in Iran. Afterward, the data were categorized into three subgroups: osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia, based on WHO and European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP-2) working group definitions. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, past medical history, and current medications were recorded. Pearson chi-squared and simple/multiple logistic regression using Python (3.11.4) and R (4.3.1) programming software assessed the association between anti-diabetic agents and these bone disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1995 participants, 820, 848, and 404 had osteoporosis, sarcopenia, or osteosarcopenia, respectively. Among all types of anti-diabetic drugs, a significant protective association between osteoporosis and consumption of second-generation sulfonylureas was found; Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) = 0.65 ([95% CI: 0.45-0.94], p-value = 0.023). No associations were found between sarcopenia and consumption of anti-diabetic agents. A significant association was observed between using Meglitinides and the risk of osteosarcopenia; AOR = 4.98 ([95% CI: 1.5-16.55], p-value = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, a protective association between consumption of second-generation sulfonylureas and osteoporosis was found. Moreover, a positive association was found between the consumption of meglitinides and osteosarcopenia. However, to support these findings, further studies are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"145-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138828666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dexmedetomidine alleviates Hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes via activation of Sirt3/Prdx3 pathway. 右美托咪定通过激活 Sirt3/Prdx3 通路缓解缺氧/复氧诱导的心肌细胞线粒体功能障碍
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-024-00504-3
Qingyun Tan, Wenming Dong, Qingdong Wang, Li Gao

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) seriously threatens the health of people. The mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes can promote the progression of MIRI. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) could alleviate the myocardial injury, which was known to reverse mitochondrial dysfunction in lung injury. However, the function of Dex in mitochondrial dysfunction during MIRI remains unclear.

Objective: To assess the function of Dex in mitochondrial dysfunction during MIRI.

Methods: To investigate the function of Dex in MIRI, H9C2 cells were placed in condition of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). CCK8 assay was performed to test the cell viability, and the mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by JC-1 staining. In addition, the binding relationship between Sirt3 and Prdx3 was explored by Co-IP assay. Furthermore, the protein expressions were examined using western blot.

Results: Dex could abolish H/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in H9C2 cells. In addition, H/R treatment significantly inhibited the expression of Sirt3, while Dex partially restored this phenomenon. Knockdown of Sirt3 or Prdx3 obviously reduced the protective effect of Dex on H/R-induced mitochondrial injury. Meanwhile, Sirt3 could enhance the function of Prdx3 via deacetylation of Prdx3.

Conclusion: Dex was found to attenuate H/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes via activation of Sirt3/Prdx3 pathway. Thus, this study might shed new lights on exploring new strategies for the treatment of MIRI.

背景:心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)严重威胁着人们的健康。心肌细胞线粒体功能障碍会促进心肌缺血再灌注损伤的恶化。右美托咪定(Dex)可减轻心肌损伤,已知可逆转肺损伤中的线粒体功能障碍。然而,Dex 在 MIRI 期间线粒体功能障碍中的功能仍不清楚:评估 Dex 在 MIRI 期间线粒体功能障碍中的功能:为了研究Dex在MIRI中的功能,将H9C2细胞置于缺氧/复氧(H/R)条件下。方法:为研究 Dex 在 MIRI 中的功能,将 H9C2 细胞置于缺氧/复氧(H/R)条件下,用 CCK8 检测细胞活力,并用 JC-1 染色评估线粒体膜电位。此外,还通过 Co-IP 试验探讨了 Sirt3 和 Prdx3 之间的结合关系。此外,还利用 Western 印迹检测了蛋白质的表达:结果:Dex能消除H/R诱导的H9C2细胞线粒体功能障碍。此外,H/R 处理明显抑制了 Sirt3 的表达,而 Dex 则部分恢复了这一现象。敲除 Sirt3 或 Prdx3 会明显降低 Dex 对 H/R 诱导的线粒体损伤的保护作用。同时,Sirt3可通过Prdx3的去乙酰化增强Prdx3的功能:结论:通过激活 Sirt3/Prdx3 通路,Dex 可减轻 H/R 诱导的心肌细胞线粒体功能障碍。因此,这项研究可能为探索治疗 MIRI 的新策略带来新的启示。
{"title":"Dexmedetomidine alleviates Hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes via activation of Sirt3/Prdx3 pathway.","authors":"Qingyun Tan, Wenming Dong, Qingdong Wang, Li Gao","doi":"10.1007/s40199-024-00504-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-024-00504-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) seriously threatens the health of people. The mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes can promote the progression of MIRI. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) could alleviate the myocardial injury, which was known to reverse mitochondrial dysfunction in lung injury. However, the function of Dex in mitochondrial dysfunction during MIRI remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the function of Dex in mitochondrial dysfunction during MIRI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To investigate the function of Dex in MIRI, H9C2 cells were placed in condition of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). CCK8 assay was performed to test the cell viability, and the mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by JC-1 staining. In addition, the binding relationship between Sirt3 and Prdx3 was explored by Co-IP assay. Furthermore, the protein expressions were examined using western blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dex could abolish H/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in H9C2 cells. In addition, H/R treatment significantly inhibited the expression of Sirt3, while Dex partially restored this phenomenon. Knockdown of Sirt3 or Prdx3 obviously reduced the protective effect of Dex on H/R-induced mitochondrial injury. Meanwhile, Sirt3 could enhance the function of Prdx3 via deacetylation of Prdx3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dex was found to attenuate H/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes via activation of Sirt3/Prdx3 pathway. Thus, this study might shed new lights on exploring new strategies for the treatment of MIRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"189-196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139971306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adrenergic receptors blockade alleviates dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity in adult male Wistar rats: Distinct effects on β-arrestin2 expression and molecular markers of neural injury. 肾上腺素能受体阻断减轻地塞米松诱导的成年雄性Wistar大鼠神经毒性:对β-arrestin2表达和神经损伤分子标志物的显著影响。
IF 3.6 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00490-y
Rasha M S M Mohamed, Enssaf Ahmad Ahmad, Dalia M Amin, Samar Ahmed Abdo, Islam A A E-H Ibrahim, Mona F Mahmoud, Shimaa Abdelaal

Background: Dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity has been previously reported. However, the molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood.

Objectives: The current work aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of α- and β-adrenergic receptors on dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity in rats focused on changes in β-arrestin2 and molecular markers of neural injury in cerebral cortex.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with dexamethasone (10 mg/kg/day) for 7 days to induce neural injury in the cerebral cortex. The experiment involved 5 groups: control, dexamethasone, carvedilol, propranolol, and doxazosin. In the last 3 groups, drugs were given 2 hours before dexamethasone injection. At the end of experiment, brain samples were collected for measurement of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), kinase activity of protein kinase B (Akt), diacylglycerol (DAG), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Smad3, β-amyloid and phospho-tau protein levels in addition to histopathological examination of brain tissue using hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and Sirius red stains. Moreover, β-arrestin2 levels in the cerebral cortex were measured using immunohistochemical examination.

Results: Dexamethasone slightly reduced brain weight and significantly decreased BDNF, Akt kinase activity and β-arrestin2 but markedly induced degeneration of cortical neurons and significantly increased GFAP, DAG, α-SMA, Smad3, β-amyloid and phospho-tau protein levels compared to controls. Carvedilol, propranolol, and doxazosin reversed all dexamethasone-induced molecular changes and slightly ameliorated the histopathological changes. Carvedilol significantly increased brain weight and β-arrestin2 levels compared to dexamethasone, propranolol, and doxazosin groups.

Conclusion: blocking α- and/or β-adrenergic receptors alleviate dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity despite their distinct effects on β-arrestin2 levels in the cerebral cortex.

背景:地塞米松引起的神经毒性先前已有报道。然而,其分子机制尚不完全清楚。目的:研究α-和β-肾上腺素能受体对地塞米松诱导大鼠神经毒性的调节作用,重点研究脑皮层中β-阻滞蛋白2和神经损伤分子标志物的变化。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠皮下注射地塞米松(10 mg/kg/d) 7 d,诱导大脑皮层神经损伤。实验分为5组:对照组、地塞米松组、卡维地洛组、心得安组、多沙唑嗪组。后3组均在地塞米松注射前2 h给药。实验结束后,采集脑组织标本,测定脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、蛋白激酶B (Akt)激酶活性、二酰基甘油(DAG)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、Smad3、β-淀粉样蛋白和磷酸化tau蛋白水平,并采用苏木精-伊红、尼索和天狼星红染色对脑组织进行组织病理学检查。免疫组化检测大鼠大脑皮层β-arrestin2水平。结果:与对照组相比,地塞米松轻度减轻脑重量,显著降低BDNF、Akt激酶活性和β-arrestin2,但显著诱导皮质神经元变性,显著增加GFAP、DAG、α-SMA、Smad3、β-淀粉样蛋白和磷酸化tau蛋白水平。卡维地洛、心得安和多沙唑嗪逆转了所有地塞米松诱导的分子变化,并略微改善了组织病理学变化。与地塞米松、心得安和多沙唑嗪组相比,卡维地洛显著增加了脑重量和β-抑制素2水平。结论:阻断α-和/或β-肾上腺素能受体可减轻地塞米松诱导的神经毒性,尽管它们对大脑皮层β-阻滞2水平有明显影响。
{"title":"Adrenergic receptors blockade alleviates dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity in adult male Wistar rats: Distinct effects on β-arrestin2 expression and molecular markers of neural injury.","authors":"Rasha M S M Mohamed, Enssaf Ahmad Ahmad, Dalia M Amin, Samar Ahmed Abdo, Islam A A E-H Ibrahim, Mona F Mahmoud, Shimaa Abdelaal","doi":"10.1007/s40199-023-00490-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-023-00490-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity has been previously reported. However, the molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current work aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of α- and β-adrenergic receptors on dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity in rats focused on changes in β-arrestin2 and molecular markers of neural injury in cerebral cortex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with dexamethasone (10 mg/kg/day) for 7 days to induce neural injury in the cerebral cortex. The experiment involved 5 groups: control, dexamethasone, carvedilol, propranolol, and doxazosin. In the last 3 groups, drugs were given 2 hours before dexamethasone injection. At the end of experiment, brain samples were collected for measurement of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), kinase activity of protein kinase B (Akt), diacylglycerol (DAG), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Smad3, β-amyloid and phospho-tau protein levels in addition to histopathological examination of brain tissue using hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and Sirius red stains. Moreover, β-arrestin2 levels in the cerebral cortex were measured using immunohistochemical examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dexamethasone slightly reduced brain weight and significantly decreased BDNF, Akt kinase activity and β-arrestin2 but markedly induced degeneration of cortical neurons and significantly increased GFAP, DAG, α-SMA, Smad3, β-amyloid and phospho-tau protein levels compared to controls. Carvedilol, propranolol, and doxazosin reversed all dexamethasone-induced molecular changes and slightly ameliorated the histopathological changes. Carvedilol significantly increased brain weight and β-arrestin2 levels compared to dexamethasone, propranolol, and doxazosin groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>blocking α- and/or β-adrenergic receptors alleviate dexamethasone-induced neurotoxicity despite their distinct effects on β-arrestin2 levels in the cerebral cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107590495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prophylactic norepinephrine combined with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) co-load infusion for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension during cesarean section: a randomized, controlled, dose-finding trial. 预防性去甲肾上腺素联合6%羟乙基淀粉(130/0.4)联合输注预防剖宫产术中椎管后麻醉低血压:一项随机、对照、剂量发现试验。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00479-7
Lei Guo, Xiangsheng Xiong, Rui Qin, Zhenzhou Li, Yongqiang Shi, Wei Xue, Ling He, Shuqin Ma, Yi Chen

Purpose: Colloid and/or co-load may be more effective than crystalloid for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension. We tested five different prophylactic norepinephrine dosages combined with colloid co-load infusion in patients receiving cesarean section and spinal anesthesia.

Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to receive different prophylactic norepinephrine dosages (0 [NE 0 group], 0.025 [NE 25 group], 0.05 [NE 50 group], 0.075 [NE 75 group], or 0.1 [NE 100 group] µg/kg/min) combined with 500 mL 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) immediately following spinal anesthesia (n = 35 per group). The primary endpoint was the incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] < 80% of baseline). Secondary endpoints included severe hypotension, bradycardia, nausea or vomiting, hypertension, SBP stability control versus baseline, the 50% (effective dose, ED50) and 90% (ED90) dose effective for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension, Apgar scores, and umbilical cord blood gases.

Results: The incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension was 48.6%, 31.3%, 17.1%, 14.3%, and 5.7% in the respective groups. As the prophylactic norepinephrine dosage increased, the incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension declined (p < 0.001), and SBP remained stable relative to baseline (median performance error [MDPE], p < 0.001; median absolute performance error [MDAPE], p = 0.001). The ED50 and ED90 values were -0.006 (95% CI -0.046-0.013) and 0.081 (95% CI 0.063-0.119) µg/kg/min. Other endpoints were comparable across the groups.

Conclusion: An initial prophylactic norepinephrine dosage of 0.05 µg/kg/min combined with 500 mL 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) co-load infusion was optimal for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension during cesarean section.

Trial registration: NCT05133817, registration date: 12 Nov, 2021.

目的:胶体和/或共载物在预防椎管后麻醉低血压方面可能比晶体更有效。我们在接受剖宫产和脊柱麻醉的患者中测试了五种不同剂量的预防性去甲肾上腺素联合胶体共输注。方法:患者被随机分配接受不同剂量的预防性去甲肾上腺素(0[NE 0组]、0.025[NE 25组]、0.05[NE 50组]、0.075[NE 75组]或0.1[NE 100组]µg/kg/min)与500 mL 6%羟乙基淀粉(130/0.4)在脊髓麻醉后立即联合治疗(n = 每组35个)。主要终点是椎管后麻醉低血压(收缩压[SBP])的发生率 结果:各组椎管后麻醉低血压的发生率分别为48.6%、31.3%、17.1%、14.3%和5.7%。随着预防性去甲肾上腺素剂量的增加,椎管后麻醉低血压的发生率下降(p 结论:预防性去甲肾上腺素初始剂量为0.05µg/kg/min,联合500 mL 6%羟乙基淀粉(130/0.4)共负荷输注是预防剖宫产术中椎管后麻醉低血压的最佳方案。试验注册:NCT05133817,注册日期:2021年11月12日。
{"title":"Prophylactic norepinephrine combined with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) co-load infusion for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension during cesarean section: a randomized, controlled, dose-finding trial.","authors":"Lei Guo, Xiangsheng Xiong, Rui Qin, Zhenzhou Li, Yongqiang Shi, Wei Xue, Ling He, Shuqin Ma, Yi Chen","doi":"10.1007/s40199-023-00479-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-023-00479-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Colloid and/or co-load may be more effective than crystalloid for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension. We tested five different prophylactic norepinephrine dosages combined with colloid co-load infusion in patients receiving cesarean section and spinal anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were randomly allocated to receive different prophylactic norepinephrine dosages (0 [NE 0 group], 0.025 [NE 25 group], 0.05 [NE 50 group], 0.075 [NE 75 group], or 0.1 [NE 100 group] µg/kg/min) combined with 500 mL 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) immediately following spinal anesthesia (n = 35 per group). The primary endpoint was the incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] < 80% of baseline). Secondary endpoints included severe hypotension, bradycardia, nausea or vomiting, hypertension, SBP stability control versus baseline, the 50% (effective dose, ED50) and 90% (ED90) dose effective for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension, Apgar scores, and umbilical cord blood gases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension was 48.6%, 31.3%, 17.1%, 14.3%, and 5.7% in the respective groups. As the prophylactic norepinephrine dosage increased, the incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension declined (p < 0.001), and SBP remained stable relative to baseline (median performance error [MDPE], p < 0.001; median absolute performance error [MDAPE], p = 0.001). The ED50 and ED90 values were -0.006 (95% CI -0.046-0.013) and 0.081 (95% CI 0.063-0.119) µg/kg/min. Other endpoints were comparable across the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An initial prophylactic norepinephrine dosage of 0.05 µg/kg/min combined with 500 mL 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) co-load infusion was optimal for preventing postspinal anesthesia hypotension during cesarean section.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT05133817, registration date: 12 Nov, 2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atypical extrapyramidal manifestation of a typical antipsychotic with serotonergic antidepressant. 典型抗精神病药与血清素能抗抑郁药的非典型锥体外系表现。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00489-5
Rohit Singh, Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti, Upinder Kaur

Introduction: Typical antipsychotics are known to produce extrapyramidal side effects such as drug induced parkinsonism, acute dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesias and rabbit syndrome. Rabbit syndrome is characterized by vertical rhythmic motion of the mouth and lips, resembling chewing movements of a rabbit.

Reason for the report: Rabbit syndrome seen in patients on antidopaminergic therapies is characterized by vertical rhythmic movements of perioral region, has a late onset, and characteristically spares the tongue. The main aim of the report is to highlight atypical manifestation of antipsychotic associated Rabbit syndrome in the presence of a serotonergic antidepressant. An elderly patient presented with atypical rabbit syndrome with relatively acute onset, horizontal movements of jaw and marked tongue involvement after haloperidol-escitalopram initiation.

Outcome: The patient improved with discontinuation of antipsychotic. The tongue involvement was believed to be secondary to escitalopram use.

简介:典型的抗精神病药物已知会产生锥体外系副作用,如药物性帕金森病、急性肌张力障碍、无运动障碍、迟发性运动障碍和兔综合征。兔子综合症的特点是嘴和嘴唇的垂直有节奏的运动,类似于兔子的咀嚼运动。报告原因:兔综合征见于接受抗多巴胺能治疗的患者,其特点是口周区垂直有节奏的运动,发病晚,并且典型地不涉及舌头。该报告的主要目的是强调抗精神病相关兔综合征的非典型表现在血清素能抗抑郁药的存在。一位老年患者在氟哌啶醇-艾司西酞普兰治疗后出现非典型兔综合征,发病较急,下颌水平运动,舌部明显受累。结果:患者在停用抗精神病药物后病情好转。对舌头的影响被认为是艾司西酞普兰的次要影响。
{"title":"Atypical extrapyramidal manifestation of a typical antipsychotic with serotonergic antidepressant.","authors":"Rohit Singh, Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti, Upinder Kaur","doi":"10.1007/s40199-023-00489-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-023-00489-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Typical antipsychotics are known to produce extrapyramidal side effects such as drug induced parkinsonism, acute dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesias and rabbit syndrome. Rabbit syndrome is characterized by vertical rhythmic motion of the mouth and lips, resembling chewing movements of a rabbit.</p><p><strong>Reason for the report: </strong>Rabbit syndrome seen in patients on antidopaminergic therapies is characterized by vertical rhythmic movements of perioral region, has a late onset, and characteristically spares the tongue. The main aim of the report is to highlight atypical manifestation of antipsychotic associated Rabbit syndrome in the presence of a serotonergic antidepressant. An elderly patient presented with atypical rabbit syndrome with relatively acute onset, horizontal movements of jaw and marked tongue involvement after haloperidol-escitalopram initiation.</p><p><strong>Outcome: </strong>The patient improved with discontinuation of antipsychotic. The tongue involvement was believed to be secondary to escitalopram use.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"439-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92153140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Co-delivery of artemisinin and metformin via PEGylated niosomal nanoparticles: potential anti-cancer effect in treatment of lung cancer cells. 青蒿素和二甲双胍通过聚乙二醇化niosomal纳米颗粒联合给药:治疗肺癌细胞的潜在抗癌效果。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00495-7
Salah Jaafar Abdulkareem, Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou, Mahdi Farhoudi-Sefidan-Jadid, Elnaz Salmani-Javan, Fatemeh Toroghi, Nosratollah Zarghami

Purpose: Despite the advances in treatment, lung cancer is a global concern and necessitates the development of new treatments. Biguanides like metformin (MET) and artemisinin (ART) have recently been discovered to have anti-cancer properties. As a consequence, in the current study, the anti-cancer effect of MET and ART co-encapsulated in niosomal nanoparticles on lung cancer cells was examined to establish an innovative therapy technique.

Methods: Niosomal nanoparticles (Nio-NPs) were synthesized by thin-film hydration method, and their physicochemical properties were assessed by FTIR. The morphology of Nio-NPs was evaluated with FE-SEM and AFM. The MTT assay was applied to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of free MET, free ART, their encapsulated form with Nio-NPs, as well as their combination, on A549 cells. Apoptosis assay was utilized to detect the biological processes involved with programmed cell death. The arrest of cell cycle in response to drugs was assessed using a cell cycle assay. Following a 48-h drug treatment, the expression level of hTERT, Cyclin D1, BAX, BCL-2, Caspase 3, and 7 genes were assessed using the qRT-PCR method.

Results: Both MET and ART reduced the survival rate of lung cancer cells in the dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values of pure ART and MET were 195.2 μM and 14.6 mM, respectively while in nano formulated form their IC50 values decreased to 56.7 μM and 78.3 μM, respectively. The combination of MET and ART synergistically decreased the proliferation of lung cancer cells, compared to the single treatments. Importantly, the combination of MET and ART had a higher anti-proliferative impact against A549 lung cancer cells, with lower IC50 values. According to the result of Real-time PCR, hTERT, Cyclin D1, BAX, BCL-2, Caspase 3, and Caspase 7 genes expression were considerably altered in treated with combination of nano formulated MET and ART compared to single therapies.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the combination of MET and ART encapsulated in Nio-NPs could be useful for the treatment of lung cancer and can increase the efficiency of lung cancer treatment.

目的:尽管治疗手段不断进步,但肺癌仍是全球关注的问题,因此有必要开发新的治疗方法。最近发现二甲双胍(MET)和青蒿素(ART)等双胍类药物具有抗癌特性。因此,在当前的研究中,我们研究了将二甲双胍(MET)和青蒿素(ART)共同封装在纳米颗粒中对肺癌细胞的抗癌作用,以建立一种创新的治疗技术:方法:采用薄膜水合法合成了Niosomal纳米颗粒(Nio-NPs),并通过傅立叶变换红外光谱分析了其理化性质。用 FE-SEM 和 AFM 评估了 Nio-NPs 的形态。MTT 试验用于评估游离 MET、游离 ART、它们与 Nio-NPs 的封装形式以及它们的组合对 A549 细胞的细胞毒性作用。细胞凋亡试验用于检测细胞程序性死亡所涉及的生物过程。使用细胞周期测定法评估了细胞周期对药物反应的停滞。药物治疗 48 小时后,采用 qRT-PCR 方法评估了 hTERT、Cyclin D1、BAX、BCL-2、Caspase 3 和 7 基因的表达水平:结果:MET和ART都能以剂量依赖的方式降低肺癌细胞的存活率。纯 ART 和 MET 的 IC50 值分别为 195.2 μM 和 14.6 mM,而纳米制剂的 IC50 值分别降至 56.7 μM 和 78.3 μM。与单一疗法相比,MET 和 ART 的组合能协同减少肺癌细胞的增殖。重要的是,MET和ART联用对A549肺癌细胞的抗增殖作用更强,IC50值更低。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,与单一疗法相比,纳米制剂MET和ART联合疗法可显著改变hTERT、Cyclin D1、BAX、BCL-2、Caspase 3和Caspase 7基因的表达:本研究结果表明,Nio-NPs 封装的 MET 和 ART 组合疗法可用于治疗肺癌,并能提高肺癌治疗的效率。
{"title":"Co-delivery of artemisinin and metformin via PEGylated niosomal nanoparticles: potential anti-cancer effect in treatment of lung cancer cells.","authors":"Salah Jaafar Abdulkareem, Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou, Mahdi Farhoudi-Sefidan-Jadid, Elnaz Salmani-Javan, Fatemeh Toroghi, Nosratollah Zarghami","doi":"10.1007/s40199-023-00495-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-023-00495-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite the advances in treatment, lung cancer is a global concern and necessitates the development of new treatments. Biguanides like metformin (MET) and artemisinin (ART) have recently been discovered to have anti-cancer properties. As a consequence, in the current study, the anti-cancer effect of MET and ART co-encapsulated in niosomal nanoparticles on lung cancer cells was examined to establish an innovative therapy technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Niosomal nanoparticles (Nio-NPs) were synthesized by thin-film hydration method, and their physicochemical properties were assessed by FTIR. The morphology of Nio-NPs was evaluated with FE-SEM and AFM. The MTT assay was applied to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of free MET, free ART, their encapsulated form with Nio-NPs, as well as their combination, on A549 cells. Apoptosis assay was utilized to detect the biological processes involved with programmed cell death. The arrest of cell cycle in response to drugs was assessed using a cell cycle assay. Following a 48-h drug treatment, the expression level of hTERT, Cyclin D1, BAX, BCL-2, Caspase 3, and 7 genes were assessed using the qRT-PCR method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both MET and ART reduced the survival rate of lung cancer cells in the dose-dependent manner. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of pure ART and MET were 195.2 μM and 14.6 mM, respectively while in nano formulated form their IC<sub>50</sub> values decreased to 56.7 μM and 78.3 μM, respectively. The combination of MET and ART synergistically decreased the proliferation of lung cancer cells, compared to the single treatments. Importantly, the combination of MET and ART had a higher anti-proliferative impact against A549 lung cancer cells, with lower IC<sub>50</sub> values. According to the result of Real-time PCR, hTERT, Cyclin D1, BAX, BCL-2, Caspase 3, and Caspase 7 genes expression were considerably altered in treated with combination of nano formulated MET and ART compared to single therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study showed that the combination of MET and ART encapsulated in Nio-NPs could be useful for the treatment of lung cancer and can increase the efficiency of lung cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1