Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100777
Armin Hoveidaei , Mehdi Karimi , Amirhossein Salmannezhad , Yasaman Tavakoli , Seyed Pouya Taghavi , Amir Human Hoveidaei
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative arthropathy, impacting the quality of life for millions worldwide. It typically presents with chronic pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the affected joints. Nonsurgical treatments like physiotherapy or pharmacotherapy may provide limited relief and may have adverse effects and complications. Recently, low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) has emerged as a potential alternative for managing OA, utilizing its anti-inflammatory effects. LDRT's anti-inflammatory effects involve modulating immune responses, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inducing apoptosis in inflammatory cells. Clinical studies show varying degrees of symptom relief, with some patients experiencing pain reduction and improved joint mobility while others show minimal response. The variability in LDRT treatment designs, radiation dosages, and patient populations complicates standardized treatment protocols and raises concerns about potential carcinogenic risks. Despite these issues, LDRT shows promise as an alternative to other OA treatments, especially for patients who don't respond to other treatments. This review aims to provide updated information on the effectiveness, mechanisms, and safety of LDRT in treating OA. We reviewed the literature of studies on the safety and efficacy of LDRT on affected joints by OA, its biological effects, potential therapeutic and adverse effects, application and contraindications, clinical outcomes, and clinical evidence in subjects with OA.
{"title":"Low-dose Radiation Therapy (LDRT) in Managing Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Armin Hoveidaei , Mehdi Karimi , Amirhossein Salmannezhad , Yasaman Tavakoli , Seyed Pouya Taghavi , Amir Human Hoveidaei","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative arthropathy, impacting the quality of life for millions worldwide. It typically presents with chronic pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the affected joints. Nonsurgical treatments like physiotherapy or pharmacotherapy may provide limited relief and may have adverse effects and complications. Recently, low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) has emerged as a potential alternative for managing OA, utilizing its anti-inflammatory effects. LDRT's anti-inflammatory effects involve modulating immune responses, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inducing apoptosis in inflammatory cells. Clinical studies show varying degrees of symptom relief, with some patients experiencing pain reduction and improved joint mobility while others show minimal response. The variability in LDRT treatment designs, radiation dosages, and patient populations complicates standardized treatment protocols and raises concerns about potential carcinogenic risks. Despite these issues, LDRT shows promise as an alternative to other OA treatments, especially for patients who don't respond to other treatments. This review aims to provide updated information on the effectiveness, mechanisms, and safety of LDRT in treating OA. We reviewed the literature of studies on the safety and efficacy of LDRT on affected joints by OA, its biological effects, potential therapeutic and adverse effects, application and contraindications, clinical outcomes, and clinical evidence in subjects with OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 100777"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-28DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100795
Niranjana Jeba Jeeviha MD, Aniket Kumar PhD, Rohini Ann Mathew MD, Silvia Joseph MD, Mohammed Haris MSc, Margaret Shanthi MD, Jacob Peedicayil MD
Background
Rho kinase (also called rho-associated protein kinase or ROCK), a serine/threonine kinase, is involved in muscle contractility since it phosphorylates myosin light chain phosphatase, hence inhibiting it. This leads to enhanced muscle contractility. Fasudil is an inhibitor of rho kinase that has been approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm in some Asian countries.
Objective
In this study, we tested the ability of fasudil to inhibit the contractility of the isolated caprine (goat) detrusor.
Methods
Twelve caprine detrusor strips were contracted using 80 mM KCl before and after the administration of 3 concentrations (10, 30, and 60 µM) of fasudil. Two reversal agents, the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ (10 µm) and the P2X receptor agonist diadenosine pentaphosphate (DAPP) (10 µM), were tested for their ability to reverse the inhibitory effect of fasudil on isolated detrusor contractility.
Results
Fasudil caused a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of KCl-induced detrusor contractility that was statistically significant at 30 and 60 µM concentrations. The inhibitory effect of 30 µM fasudil on detrusor contractility was significantly reversed by the addition of ODQ, but not by the addition of DAPP.
Conclusions
These results suggest that fasudil inhibits the contractility of the isolated detrusor. Fasudil could be investigated for use in clinical conditions such as overactive bladder that require detrusor muscle relaxation.
{"title":"Inhibition of Contractility of Isolated Caprine Detrusor by the Rho Kinase Inhibitor Fasudil and Reversal by the Guanylyl Cyclase Inhibitor ODQ","authors":"Niranjana Jeba Jeeviha MD, Aniket Kumar PhD, Rohini Ann Mathew MD, Silvia Joseph MD, Mohammed Haris MSc, Margaret Shanthi MD, Jacob Peedicayil MD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rho kinase (also called rho-associated protein kinase or ROCK), a serine/threonine kinase, is involved in muscle contractility since it phosphorylates myosin light chain phosphatase, hence inhibiting it. This leads to enhanced muscle contractility. Fasudil is an inhibitor of rho kinase that has been approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm in some Asian countries.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In this study, we tested the ability of fasudil to inhibit the contractility of the isolated caprine (goat) detrusor.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve caprine detrusor strips were contracted using 80 mM KCl before and after the administration of 3 concentrations (10, 30, and 60 µM) of fasudil. Two reversal agents, the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ (10 µm) and the P2X receptor agonist diadenosine pentaphosphate (DAPP) (10 µM), were tested for their ability to reverse the inhibitory effect of fasudil on isolated detrusor contractility.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fasudil caused a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of KCl-induced detrusor contractility that was statistically significant at 30 and 60 µM concentrations. The inhibitory effect of 30 µM fasudil on detrusor contractility was significantly reversed by the addition of ODQ, but not by the addition of DAPP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that fasudil inhibits the contractility of the isolated detrusor. Fasudil could be investigated for use in clinical conditions such as overactive bladder that require detrusor muscle relaxation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 100795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100779
David J. Wyatt , Mako Araga , Natali McCloskey , Richard Petruschke , Marianna Armogida MD
Background
Advil PM Liqui-Gels are widely used to improve the quality of life for individuals experiencing sleep disturbances due to pain. To accommodate those who have difficulty swallowing traditional capsules, Advil PM Liqui-Gels Minis, a smaller capsule variant containing the same composition (ibuprofen/diphenhydramine hydrochloride 200 mg/25 mg) as the original Advil PM Liqui-Gels, was developed as a more manageable alternative.
Objective
Establish the bioequivalence of new size-reduced Advil PM Liqui-Gels Minis (test) compared to the currently marketed Advil PM Liqui-Gels (reference) product under fasting conditions.
Method
This Phase I study was a randomized, open-label, two-treatment, two-sequence, two-period crossover trial. Subjects either received a single dose of test or reference product, separated by a 7-days washout period. Primary endpoints included PK parameters (Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-inf) for ibuprofen and diphenhydramine. Secondary endpoints were tmax, t1/2, Cl/F, Vz/F, and λZ. Safety assessments covered adverse events, lab results, and physical exams.
Results
Forty-four subjects were randomized, 42 completed both treatment periods for ibuprofen and 41 for diphenhydramine. The population was balanced in age, BMI, and gender, predominantly Hispanic/Latino. Mean Cmax values for test and reference products were comparable, with a median tmax of 3 hours for diphenhydramine (both test and reference) and 1 hour (test) and 0.875 hour (reference) for ibuprofen. The geometric mean ratios (90% CI) for all pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters (AUC0-t, AUC0-inf, and Cmax) were 99.15% (96.76–101.61), 99.20% (96.82–101.63) and 95.13% (88.31–102.47), respectively, for ibuprofen, and 102.62% (98.15–107.30), 102.73% (98.31–107.34), and 102.51% (93.54–112.35), respectively, for diphenhydramine. All values fell within the bioequivalence acceptance criteria of 80%–125%. No serious adverse events were reported, and subjects rated the ease of swallowing positively for both formulations.
Conclusion
The new Advil PM Liqui-Gels Minis formulation is bioequivalent to the marketed Advil PM Liqui-Gels. The smaller capsule size may offer a more convenient option for individuals with swallowing difficulties, without compromising the drug's efficacy or safety.
{"title":"Bioequivalence Study of Ibuprofen and Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride mini liquid-filled capsules: A Size Reduction Alternative","authors":"David J. Wyatt , Mako Araga , Natali McCloskey , Richard Petruschke , Marianna Armogida MD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Advil PM Liqui-Gels are widely used to improve the quality of life for individuals experiencing sleep disturbances due to pain. To accommodate those who have difficulty swallowing traditional capsules, Advil PM Liqui-Gels Minis, a smaller capsule variant containing the same composition (ibuprofen/diphenhydramine hydrochloride 200 mg/25 mg) as the original Advil PM Liqui-Gels, was developed as a more manageable alternative.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Establish the bioequivalence of new size-reduced Advil PM Liqui-Gels Minis (test) compared to the currently marketed Advil PM Liqui-Gels (reference) product under fasting conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This Phase I study was a randomized, open-label, two-treatment, two-sequence, two-period crossover trial. Subjects either received a single dose of test or reference product, separated by a 7-days washout period. Primary endpoints included PK parameters (C<sub>max</sub>, AUC<sub>0-t</sub>, AUC<sub>0-inf</sub>) for ibuprofen and diphenhydramine. Secondary endpoints were t<sub>max</sub>, t<sub>1/2</sub>, Cl/F, V<sub>z</sub>/F, and λ<sub>Z</sub>. Safety assessments covered adverse events, lab results, and physical exams.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-four subjects were randomized, 42 completed both treatment periods for ibuprofen and 41 for diphenhydramine. The population was balanced in age, BMI, and gender, predominantly Hispanic/Latino. Mean C<sub>max</sub> values for test and reference products were comparable, with a median t<sub>max</sub> of 3 hours for diphenhydramine (both test and reference) and 1 hour (test) and 0.875 hour (reference) for ibuprofen. The geometric mean ratios (90% CI) for all pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters (AUC<sub>0-t</sub>, AUC<sub>0-inf</sub>, and C<sub>max</sub>) were 99.15% (96.76–101.61), 99.20% (96.82–101.63) and 95.13% (88.31–102.47), respectively, for ibuprofen, and 102.62% (98.15–107.30), 102.73% (98.31–107.34), and 102.51% (93.54–112.35), respectively, for diphenhydramine. All values fell within the bioequivalence acceptance criteria of 80%–125%. No serious adverse events were reported, and subjects rated the ease of swallowing positively for both formulations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The new Advil PM Liqui-Gels Minis formulation is bioequivalent to the marketed Advil PM Liqui-Gels. The smaller capsule size may offer a more convenient option for individuals with swallowing difficulties, without compromising the drug's efficacy or safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 100779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100731
Tomoe Matsuo, Koji Nakao, Kosuke Hara
OBJECTIVES
The effects of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis (HkEf), a lactic acid bacterium, on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis were evaluated in vitro by measuring the viable cell count of P. gingivalis and gingipain activity.
METHODS
HkEf solution (1.63 or 163 mg/mL) was added to 1 mL P. gingivalis culture to generate a final HkEf concentration of 0.64 or 64 mg/mL. The cultures were incubated anaerobically. The number of viable P. gingivalis cells and gingipain activity were measured after incubation for 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The number of viable P. gingivalis cells was calculated by counting the number of colonies after culture. Gingipain activity was quantified by adding a chromogenic substrate to P. gingivalis culture medium and measuring the absorbance of the reaction solution with a plate reader. Mean ± SE was calculated for viable cell counts and gingipain activity, and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to test for significant differences.
RESULTS
The counts of viable P. gingivalis cells in the control group increased as incubation time progressed for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h; similar results were observed in the low-concentration HkEf group. In the high-concentration HkEf group, the increase in the viable cell count was significantly inhibited compared to that of the control group. Furthermore, gingipain activity in the low- and high-concentration HkEf groups was significantly inhibited over time compared to that of the control group. Although the pH of the culture solution tended to decrease in the high-concentration HkEf group, it was not considered to have affected the growth of P. gingivalis.
CONCLUSIONS
HkEf exhibits inhibitory effects on the growth of P. gingivalis and gingipain activity.
{"title":"Inhibitory effects of heat-killed lactic acid bacterium Enterococcus faecalis on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis","authors":"Tomoe Matsuo, Koji Nakao, Kosuke Hara","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>The effects of heat-killed <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> (<em>HkEf</em>), a lactic acid bacterium, on the growth of <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> were evaluated <em>in vitro</em> by measuring the viable cell count of <em>P. gingivalis</em> and gingipain activity.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p><em>HkEf</em> solution (1.63 or 163 mg/mL) was added to 1 mL <em>P. gingivalis</em> culture to generate a final <em>HkEf</em> concentration of 0.64 or 64 mg/mL. The cultures were incubated anaerobically. The number of viable <em>P. gingivalis</em> cells and gingipain activity were measured after incubation for 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The number of viable <em>P. gingivalis</em> cells was calculated by counting the number of colonies after culture. Gingipain activity was quantified by adding a chromogenic substrate to <em>P. gingivalis</em> culture medium and measuring the absorbance of the reaction solution with a plate reader. Mean ± SE was calculated for viable cell counts and gingipain activity, and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to test for significant differences.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>The counts of viable <em>P. gingivalis</em> cells in the control group increased as incubation time progressed for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h; similar results were observed in the low-concentration <em>HkEf</em> group. In the high-concentration <em>HkEf</em> group, the increase in the viable cell count was significantly inhibited compared to that of the control group. Furthermore, gingipain activity in the low- and high-concentration <em>HkEf</em> groups was significantly inhibited over time compared to that of the control group. Although the pH of the culture solution tended to decrease in the high-concentration <em>HkEf</em> group, it was not considered to have affected the growth of <em>P. gingivalis</em>.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p><em>HkEf</em> exhibits inhibitory effects on the growth of <em>P. gingivalis</em> and gingipain activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 100731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X24000018/pdfft?md5=8daa219505edcced8e3b6aeddc07ecbb&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X24000018-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139883993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on the effects of propolis consumption on body composition, and blood pressure (BP) has produced inconsistent results. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was carried out to compile the data from the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on how propolis supplementation affects body composition, and BP level in adults.
Materials and Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library, up to January 2024. The RCTs, evaluating the effects of propolis consumption on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM), systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP), were included in the study. We used the random-effects model to establish the pooled effect size.
Results
A total of 22 RCTs involving 1082 participants were included in the study. Propolis supplementation demonstrated significant reductions in weight (weighted mean difference [WMD]: –0.37 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.63 to –0.12), and BMI (WMD: –0.11 kg/m2; 95% CI: –0.13 to –0.09). However, there were no significant effects on WC, WHR, FM, HC, SBP, and DBP levels. The dose-response analysis revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between propolis dosage and WC (P = 0.020). Moreover, the BMI (P = 0.047) and WC (P = 0.004) reduction trend continues until 8 weeks of intervention and then this impact plateaued.
Conclusions
Supplementation with propolis seems to be effective in reducing weight and BMI. However, it should be noted that the anti-obesity properties of propolis supplementation were small and may not reach clinical importance. Therefore, future well-designed studies with a large sample size are needed to investigate the effect of propolis on body composition and BP in adults.
{"title":"The Effects of Propolis Consumption on Body Composition and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis","authors":"Mahdi Vajdi Ph.D , Atefeh Bonyadian MSc , Fatemeh Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi Ph.D , Reza Hassanizadeh Ph.D , Nooshin Noshadi MSc , Beitullah Alipour Ph.D , Mahdieh Abbasalizad-Farhangi Ph.D , Melika Darzi MSc , Sahar Golpour-Hamedani Ph.D , Gholamreza Askari Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aim</h3><p>Research on the effects of propolis consumption on body composition, and blood pressure (BP) has produced inconsistent results. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was carried out to compile the data from the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on how propolis supplementation affects body composition, and BP level in adults.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library, up to January 2024. The RCTs, evaluating the effects of propolis consumption on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM), systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP), were included in the study. We used the random-effects model to establish the pooled effect size.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 22 RCTs involving 1082 participants were included in the study. Propolis supplementation demonstrated significant reductions in weight (weighted mean difference [WMD]: –0.37 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.63 to –0.12), and BMI (WMD: –0.11 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; 95% CI: –0.13 to –0.09). However, there were no significant effects on WC, WHR, FM, HC, SBP, and DBP levels. The dose-response analysis revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between propolis dosage and WC (<em>P</em> = 0.020). Moreover, the BMI (<em>P</em> = 0.047) and WC (<em>P</em> = 0.004) reduction trend continues until 8 weeks of intervention and then this impact plateaued.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Supplementation with propolis seems to be effective in reducing weight and BMI. However, it should be noted that the anti-obesity properties of propolis supplementation were small and may not reach clinical importance. Therefore, future well-designed studies with a large sample size are needed to investigate the effect of propolis on body composition and BP in adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 100754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X24000249/pdfft?md5=f64243c8d10c41c97fab3a3e81ffe7c2&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X24000249-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, during which vascular events, including atherosclerosis, are more common and progress faster. Teriflunomide (TFN) is an oral drug that studies have indicated has low side effects alongside high efficiency. In this article, a middle-aged woman with multiple sclerosis was introduced, whose medication was changed to TFN. Thirty-five days later, she presented with focal neurologic symptoms, and investigations reported a lacunar infarction. Having excluded potential causes of acute ischemic stroke, such as vascular and rheumatologic factors, the only identifiable factor was the introduction of a new medication. The process of conclusively attributing TFN as the causative agent requires further clarification in future studies.
{"title":"Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis after Initiating Teriflunomide Treatment: A Challenging Case","authors":"Arsh Haj Mohamad Ebrahim Ketabforoush MD , Armin Tajik MD , Mohammad Amin Habibi MD , Nahid Abbasi Khoshsirat MD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, during which vascular events, including atherosclerosis, are more common and progress faster. Teriflunomide (TFN) is an oral drug that studies have indicated has low side effects alongside high efficiency. In this article, a middle-aged woman with multiple sclerosis was introduced, whose medication was changed to TFN. Thirty-five days later, she presented with focal neurologic symptoms, and investigations reported a lacunar infarction. Having excluded potential causes of acute ischemic stroke, such as vascular and rheumatologic factors, the only identifiable factor was the introduction of a new medication. The process of conclusively attributing TFN as the causative agent requires further clarification in future studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 100732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X2400002X/pdfft?md5=5691a7209eda6840999a0100b284563f&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X2400002X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139901310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-03-14DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100742
Hyeong Min Kim MD, MSc , Se Joon Woo MD, PhD
Background
Concerns of intraocular inflammation associated with intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF drugs have been risen and the exact mechanism is not yet elucidated.
Objective
To explore the relationship between immunogenicity and intraocular inflammation in intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs.
Methods
This review examines the immunogenicity of individual intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs and their potential link to intraocular inflammation.
Results
We suggest that the main cause of intraocular inflammation is the presence of pre-existing and treatment-induced antidrug antibodies, along with considerations related to the molecular structure, which includes the drug's format and size.
Conclusions
Researchers and clinicians involved in the advancement of new anti-VEGF drugs should take into consideration the factors related to intraocular inflammation that have been discussed.
{"title":"Immunogenicity and Potential for Intraocular Inflammation of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Drugs","authors":"Hyeong Min Kim MD, MSc , Se Joon Woo MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Concerns of intraocular inflammation associated with intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF drugs have been risen and the exact mechanism is not yet elucidated.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the relationship between immunogenicity and intraocular inflammation in intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This review examines the immunogenicity of individual intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs and their potential link to intraocular inflammation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We suggest that the main cause of intraocular inflammation is the presence of pre-existing and treatment-induced antidrug antibodies, along with considerations related to the molecular structure, which includes the drug's format and size.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Researchers and clinicians involved in the advancement of new anti-VEGF drugs should take into consideration the factors related to intraocular inflammation that have been discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 100742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X24000122/pdfft?md5=726046823de302fc9e832324390aa5ae&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X24000122-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100761
Ahmad Izzoddeen MBBS, MSc, FETP , Mustafa Magbol MBBS , Safaa Fadlelmoula MBBS , Sabir Ali MBBS, MD , Wesam Yousif BSc , Mawada Abouzeid BSc , Alaa Hamed Dafaala BSc, MPH , Magam Musa BSc , Mohamed Hashim MBBS , Elfatih Malik MBBS, MD, FPH-UK
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in China in late 2019 with high rate of spread and transmission. As there was no recognized therapy many people worldwide used herbs in attempt to help their body overcome the disease.
Objective
This study aims to evaluate the use of herbs by patients with COVID-19 in Sudan and tries to identify a possible role in cure or lowering the severity of the illness.
Methods
A cross-sectional population-based online survey was done targeting those who experienced COVID-19 among Sudanese through an online internet-based questionnaire distributed on social media platforms (mainly Facebook and WhatsApp). Descriptive statistics used to summarize data and present it as frequency tables and graphs. Multivariate logistic regression was used to measure the association between independent variables (comorbidities and use of herbs) and the outcome variable reflecting the severity of the disease (hospitalization).
Results
A total of 204 responses received from COVID-19 former and active cases. Typical symptoms of the disease were identified: fever (68.1%), cough (52.7%), shortness of breathing (59.3%), sore throat (76.5%), and loss of smelling and/or taste (67.2%). All the respondents reported using traditional herbs or plants for cure with strong statement of their usefulness. Citrus plants such as lemon, orange, and grape fruits, were the commonest, used by 94%, followed by the local herbs, acacia (65%), ginger (56%), baobab fruit (46%), hibiscus (45%), black seed (45%), and cinnamon (17%). Other used plants included onion (29%) and garlic (24%). An adjusted analysis found that obesity was associated with higher hospital admission, while using herbs had no effect on hospital admission.
Conclusions
All participants reported the use of herbs for cure beside other treatment. The most commonly used herbs were citrus fruits followed by acacia and ginger and other herbs. All participants stated that herbs were useful for their recovery, however our analysis revealed no significant effect on rate of hospitalization. We recommend further deeper, well-designed study to better assess the effect of herbs.
{"title":"Herbal Self-medication Practice for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Sudan: A Public Survey, 2021","authors":"Ahmad Izzoddeen MBBS, MSc, FETP , Mustafa Magbol MBBS , Safaa Fadlelmoula MBBS , Sabir Ali MBBS, MD , Wesam Yousif BSc , Mawada Abouzeid BSc , Alaa Hamed Dafaala BSc, MPH , Magam Musa BSc , Mohamed Hashim MBBS , Elfatih Malik MBBS, MD, FPH-UK","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in China in late 2019 with high rate of spread and transmission. As there was no recognized therapy many people worldwide used herbs in attempt to help their body overcome the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the use of herbs by patients with COVID-19 in Sudan and tries to identify a possible role in cure or lowering the severity of the illness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional population-based online survey was done targeting those who experienced COVID-19 among Sudanese through an online internet-based questionnaire distributed on social media platforms (mainly Facebook and WhatsApp). Descriptive statistics used to summarize data and present it as frequency tables and graphs. Multivariate logistic regression was used to measure the association between independent variables (comorbidities and use of herbs) and the outcome variable reflecting the severity of the disease (hospitalization).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 204 responses received from COVID-19 former and active cases. Typical symptoms of the disease were identified: fever (68.1%), cough (52.7%), shortness of breathing (59.3%), sore throat (76.5%), and loss of smelling and/or taste (67.2%). All the respondents reported using traditional herbs or plants for cure with strong statement of their usefulness. Citrus plants such as lemon, orange, and grape fruits, were the commonest, used by 94%, followed by the local herbs, acacia (65%), ginger (56%), baobab fruit (46%), hibiscus (45%), black seed (45%), and cinnamon (17%). Other used plants included onion (29%) and garlic (24%). An adjusted analysis found that obesity was associated with higher hospital admission, while using herbs had no effect on hospital admission.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>All participants reported the use of herbs for cure beside other treatment. The most commonly used herbs were citrus fruits followed by acacia and ginger and other herbs. All participants stated that herbs were useful for their recovery, however our analysis revealed no significant effect on rate of hospitalization. We recommend further deeper, well-designed study to better assess the effect of herbs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 100761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100762
Izabella Petre Ph.D, MD , Daniela Oana Toader Ph.D, MD , Ramona Petrita PharmD, MS , Alexandru-Remus Pinta PharmD, MS , Andreea-Anda Alexa Ph.D , Romina Georgiana Bita Ph.D, MD
Background
Cervical ectropion is frequently associated with vaginal symptoms requiring therapeutic intervention. However, no scientific consensus has been reached regarding the use of local re-epithelialization therapy to prevent severe bleeding, wound inflammation, and infection of cervical lesions.
Objective
The aim of our study was to investigate the aspect of the cervix by colposcopy after a 3-month treatment with an intravaginal medical device in the context of postoperative care of the symptomatic ectropion. The study analyzed additional clinical parameters, such as the evolution of primary and secondary inflammation and the degree of cervical epithelialization as secondary objectives.
Methods
Our pilot study included 27 participants with symptomatic cervical ectopy, with or without an associated human papillomavirus infection. The treatment protocol consisted of the monthly delivery of the medical device intravaginally, during day 1 to day 15, with a total study duration of 3 months.
Results
The medical device had a positive impact on cervical epithelialization, in terms of aspect of the cervix returning to normal for 100% of the participants. Between study visits, it was observed that primary inflammation was reduced by 85.19%, whereas vaginal ulceration, colpitis, and leukorrhea were improved by 70.37%, 81.48%, and by 66.67%, respectively.
Conclusions
The degree of cervical epithelialization reflects how well the cervix has healed after an injury or infection. The device showed clinical performance in complete re-epithelialization after surgical procedures. Moreover, our study findings suggest that supportive treatment with this intravaginal medical device can be recommended for cervical wound healing in patients with human papillomavirus infection. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04735718.
{"title":"Clinical Performance and Safety of Cerviron® Vaginal Ovules in the Management of Symptomatic Cervical Lesions: A National, Multicentric Study","authors":"Izabella Petre Ph.D, MD , Daniela Oana Toader Ph.D, MD , Ramona Petrita PharmD, MS , Alexandru-Remus Pinta PharmD, MS , Andreea-Anda Alexa Ph.D , Romina Georgiana Bita Ph.D, MD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cervical ectropion is frequently associated with vaginal symptoms requiring therapeutic intervention. However, no scientific consensus has been reached regarding the use of local re-epithelialization therapy to prevent severe bleeding, wound inflammation, and infection of cervical lesions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of our study was to investigate the aspect of the cervix by colposcopy after a 3-month treatment with an intravaginal medical device in the context of postoperative care of the symptomatic ectropion. The study analyzed additional clinical parameters, such as the evolution of primary and secondary inflammation and the degree of cervical epithelialization as secondary objectives.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our pilot study included 27 participants with symptomatic cervical ectopy, with or without an associated human papillomavirus infection. The treatment protocol consisted of the monthly delivery of the medical device intravaginally, during day 1 to day 15, with a total study duration of 3 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The medical device had a positive impact on cervical epithelialization, in terms of aspect of the cervix returning to normal for 100% of the participants. Between study visits, it was observed that primary inflammation was reduced by 85.19%, whereas vaginal ulceration, colpitis, and leukorrhea were improved by 70.37%, 81.48%, and by 66.67%, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The degree of cervical epithelialization reflects how well the cervix has healed after an injury or infection. The device showed clinical performance in complete re-epithelialization after surgical procedures. Moreover, our study findings suggest that supportive treatment with this intravaginal medical device can be recommended for cervical wound healing in patients with human papillomavirus infection. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04735718.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 100762"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100751
Joya Maser MS , Mary F. Morrison MD , Helene Philogene Khalid PhD , Ronan Cunningham , Daohai Yu PhD , M. Ingre Walters MD , Xiaoning Lu , Nicolas R. Bolo PhD
Background
There is an urgent need for pharmacological treatment for cocaine (COC) use disorder (CUD). Glutamatergic transmission in the prefrontal cortex is affected by addictive behaviors. Clavulanic acid (CLAV), a glutamate transporter GLT-1 (excitatory amino acid transporter) activator, is a clinical-stage medication that has potential for treating CUD.
Methods
In a pilot study, nine participants with CUD received 500 mg CLAV with dose escalations to 750 mg and 1000 mg over 10 days. In 5 separate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sessions, brain anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate level and resting state network (RSN) functional connectivity (FC) were assessed using MR spectroscopy and functional MRI. Craving was assessed at the same time points, between baseline (before CLAV), 6 days, and 10 days of CLAV. Independent component analysis with dual regression was used to identify RSN FC changes from baseline to Days 6 and 10. Relationships among glutamate, craving, and resting state FC values were analyzed.
Results
Participants who achieved high ACC glutamate levels after CLAV treatment had robust decreases in COC craving (r = −0.90, P = 0.0009, n = 9). The salience network (SN) and executive control network (ECN) demonstrated an association between increased FC after CLAV treatment and low baseline ACC Glu levels (SN CLAV 750 mg, r = −0.82, P = 0.007) (ECN CLAV 1000 mg, r = −0.667, P = 0.050; n = 9).
Conclusions
Glutamate associated changes in craving and FC of the salience and executive control brain networks support CLAV as a potentially efficacious pharmacological treatment for CUD.
{"title":"Clavulanic Acid-Mediated Increases in Anterior Cingulate Glutamate Levels are Associated With Decreased Cocaine Craving and Brain Network Functional Connectivity Changes","authors":"Joya Maser MS , Mary F. Morrison MD , Helene Philogene Khalid PhD , Ronan Cunningham , Daohai Yu PhD , M. Ingre Walters MD , Xiaoning Lu , Nicolas R. Bolo PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There is an urgent need for pharmacological treatment for cocaine (COC) use disorder (CUD). Glutamatergic transmission in the prefrontal cortex is affected by addictive behaviors. Clavulanic acid (CLAV), a glutamate transporter GLT-1 (excitatory amino acid transporter) activator, is a clinical-stage medication that has potential for treating CUD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a pilot study, nine participants with CUD received 500 mg CLAV with dose escalations to 750 mg and 1000 mg over 10 days. In 5 separate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sessions, brain anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate level and resting state network (RSN) functional connectivity (FC) were assessed using MR spectroscopy and functional MRI. Craving was assessed at the same time points, between baseline (before CLAV), 6 days, and 10 days of CLAV. Independent component analysis with dual regression was used to identify RSN FC changes from baseline to Days 6 and 10. Relationships among glutamate, craving, and resting state FC values were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants who achieved high ACC glutamate levels after CLAV treatment had robust decreases in COC craving (<em>r</em> = −0.90, <em>P</em> = 0.0009, <em>n</em> = 9). The salience network (SN) and executive control network (ECN) demonstrated an association between increased FC after CLAV treatment and low baseline ACC Glu levels (SN CLAV 750 mg, <em>r</em> = −0.82, <em>P</em> = 0.007) (ECN CLAV 1000 mg, <em>r</em> = −0.667, <em>P</em> = 0.050; <em>n</em> = 9).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Glutamate associated changes in craving and FC of the salience and executive control brain networks support CLAV as a potentially efficacious pharmacological treatment for CUD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 100751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X24000213/pdfft?md5=4685750f478041c034c5aa42607f85c6&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X24000213-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号