Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046321
Enrico Jimenez Tuero, Aniello Franzese, A. Malignaggi
This paper presents the design of a fully integrated power detector circuit in IHP SG 13S technology composed of a 15 dB coupling transformer-based coupler and a read-out circuit designed for built-in self-test (BIST). A dynamic range of 23 dB is achieved on an extremely compact footprint of 350 µm x 400 µm and low power consumption of 2 mW. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the power detector with the smallest on-chip footprint at 5th generation (5G) mobile communications frequencies.
本文介绍了一种基于IHP SG 13S技术的全集成功率检测器电路的设计，该电路由一个基于15db耦合变压器的耦合器和一个内置自检读出电路组成。在350 μ m x 400 μ m的极其紧凑的占地面积和2 mW的低功耗下实现了23 dB的动态范围。据作者所知，这是在第五代(5G)移动通信频率下芯片上占地面积最小的功率检测器。
{"title":"HBT Power Detector utilizing an Ultra-compact Transformer-based Coupler for 5G BIST","authors":"Enrico Jimenez Tuero, Aniello Franzese, A. Malignaggi","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046321","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of a fully integrated power detector circuit in IHP SG 13S technology composed of a 15 dB coupling transformer-based coupler and a read-out circuit designed for built-in self-test (BIST). A dynamic range of 23 dB is achieved on an extremely compact footprint of 350 µm x 400 µm and low power consumption of 2 mW. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the power detector with the smallest on-chip footprint at 5th generation (5G) mobile communications frequencies.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124593832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046320
Sebastian Peters, Samira Faghih-Naini, S. Erhardt, Torsten Reissland, R. Weigel
A rectangular microstrip antenna with a resonant frequency of 60.5 GHz and a bandwidth of 4 GHz is proposed and evaluated. The antenna is based on the low-cost substrate RO4350B and is designed to reduce costs for prototypes and small batch series by complying with design restrictions for inexpensive pooling offers by many manufacturers. The influence of manufacturing tolerances on the performance of the antenna is also investigated and minimized. Finally, an antenna is fabricated and measurements are compared with simulations.
{"title":"A Planar V-Band Antenna for Wideband Radar and Communication on Low-Cost PCB Substrate","authors":"Sebastian Peters, Samira Faghih-Naini, S. Erhardt, Torsten Reissland, R. Weigel","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046320","url":null,"abstract":"A rectangular microstrip antenna with a resonant frequency of 60.5 GHz and a bandwidth of 4 GHz is proposed and evaluated. The antenna is based on the low-cost substrate RO4350B and is designed to reduce costs for prototypes and small batch series by complying with design restrictions for inexpensive pooling offers by many manufacturers. The influence of manufacturing tolerances on the performance of the antenna is also investigated and minimized. Finally, an antenna is fabricated and measurements are compared with simulations.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126556472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046307
Batuhan Sutbas, M. Eissa, G. Kahmen
Millimeter-wave radar systems have been continuously developed until present day to accurately monitor the vital signs of humans non-invasively with recent research focused on enabling battery powered portable operation. To this end, the design of a low-voltage low-power V-band radar transceiver chip based on an advanced SiGe BiCMOS technology is presented in this paper. The LO-scalable chip equipped with BPSK and vector modulators consumes 60mA from a supply of 1.5 V. A low-power radar sensor built with this chip is operated at 59.2GHz in CW interferometry-mode to track sub-mm movements of targets vibrating with sub-Hz frequencies. The two main contributors of dc offset at the I/Q receiver output, LO-to-RX and TX-to-RX leakage signals, are canceled out by adjusting their phase using the modulators. This technique eliminates the dc offset up to 200mV and allows the measurement of sub-Hz frequency movements making it a viable option for vital signs detection.
{"title":"Vector Modulator Based Leakage Cancellation Technique for CW Radar Transceiver Frontends","authors":"Batuhan Sutbas, M. Eissa, G. Kahmen","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046307","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter-wave radar systems have been continuously developed until present day to accurately monitor the vital signs of humans non-invasively with recent research focused on enabling battery powered portable operation. To this end, the design of a low-voltage low-power V-band radar transceiver chip based on an advanced SiGe BiCMOS technology is presented in this paper. The LO-scalable chip equipped with BPSK and vector modulators consumes 60mA from a supply of 1.5 V. A low-power radar sensor built with this chip is operated at 59.2GHz in CW interferometry-mode to track sub-mm movements of targets vibrating with sub-Hz frequencies. The two main contributors of dc offset at the I/Q receiver output, LO-to-RX and TX-to-RX leakage signals, are canceled out by adjusting their phase using the modulators. This technique eliminates the dc offset up to 200mV and allows the measurement of sub-Hz frequency movements making it a viable option for vital signs detection.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128383560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046203
K. Chuang, Hossein Yektaii, Claire Masterson, Chris Mayer
This article sets out to explore the dramatic shifts in cellular radio technology. Within a relatively short space of time we have seen five distinctive generations of cellular technology roll out, each generation delivered enhancements in terms of quality of service while at the same time enabling new features and services. The evolution could not have happened were it not enabled by a parallel evolution in the cellular basestation. In this article, we focus on one of the key enablers; the radio unit digital front end transceiver.
{"title":"Digital Front End Transceiver Technology for Wireless Infrastructure","authors":"K. Chuang, Hossein Yektaii, Claire Masterson, Chris Mayer","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046203","url":null,"abstract":"This article sets out to explore the dramatic shifts in cellular radio technology. Within a relatively short space of time we have seen five distinctive generations of cellular technology roll out, each generation delivered enhancements in terms of quality of service while at the same time enabling new features and services. The evolution could not have happened were it not enabled by a parallel evolution in the cellular basestation. In this article, we focus on one of the key enablers; the radio unit digital front end transceiver.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130820877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046297
Tim Pfahler, M. Vossiek, J. Schur
This paper presents a 300 GHz three-element on-chip patch antenna with lateral coupled parasitic patch elements. The achieved matching bandwidth is 26 GHz. The key advantage of the proposed design is the resulting broadband characteristic with simultaneous lateral geometric compactness of the antenna to fit into an array with λ0/2-spacing at the target frequency. Due to this lateral compactness and the resulting greater gap between adjacent array elements the mutual coupling can be minimized. A realized gain larger than 0 dBi is achieved over a bandwidth of 21 GHz with a simulated peak antenna gain of 1.7 dBi at 295 GHz. Moreover, the beam pattern is frequency independent without a pattern-tilt/distortion over the considered frequency bandwidth which makes the antenna particularly appropriate for beam steering on MIMO antenna-array applications in broadband Sub-THz communication and high-resolution radar sensing.
{"title":"Compact and Broadband 300 GHz Three-Element on-chip Patch Antenna","authors":"Tim Pfahler, M. Vossiek, J. Schur","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046297","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a 300 GHz three-element on-chip patch antenna with lateral coupled parasitic patch elements. The achieved matching bandwidth is 26 GHz. The key advantage of the proposed design is the resulting broadband characteristic with simultaneous lateral geometric compactness of the antenna to fit into an array with λ0/2-spacing at the target frequency. Due to this lateral compactness and the resulting greater gap between adjacent array elements the mutual coupling can be minimized. A realized gain larger than 0 dBi is achieved over a bandwidth of 21 GHz with a simulated peak antenna gain of 1.7 dBi at 295 GHz. Moreover, the beam pattern is frequency independent without a pattern-tilt/distortion over the considered frequency bandwidth which makes the antenna particularly appropriate for beam steering on MIMO antenna-array applications in broadband Sub-THz communication and high-resolution radar sensing.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134647045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents design, fabrication and measurement of bandpass filter on glass interposer. The filter applies separated electric and magnetic coupling paths (SEMCP) and source-load coupling techniques to achieve four transmission zeros (TZs), with two located at the lower band and two located at the upper band. Generated TZs are tuneable by changing electric and magnetic coupling strengths. The filter is fabricated utilizing Semi-additive Patterning (SAP) process. Measurement shows the filter has 6.5% fractional bandwidth centered at 140 GHz with insertion loss of 1.19 dB.
{"title":"Design and Characterization of Bandpass Filter with Multiple Zeros on Glass Interposer for 6G Applications","authors":"Xingchen Li, Xiaofan Jia, Serhat Erdogan, Madhavan Swaminathan","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046317","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents design, fabrication and measurement of bandpass filter on glass interposer. The filter applies separated electric and magnetic coupling paths (SEMCP) and source-load coupling techniques to achieve four transmission zeros (TZs), with two located at the lower band and two located at the upper band. Generated TZs are tuneable by changing electric and magnetic coupling strengths. The filter is fabricated utilizing Semi-additive Patterning (SAP) process. Measurement shows the filter has 6.5% fractional bandwidth centered at 140 GHz with insertion loss of 1.19 dB.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125226189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046316
Yasir Shafiullah, Mikko Hietanen, M. Leinonen, Rehman Akbar, J. Aikio, Jere Rusanen, T. Rahkonen, A. Pärssinen
This paper proposes a D-band push-push voltage controlled oscillator implemented using 22nm FDSOI CMOS technology. The back-gate controls are employed to achieve a wide frequency tuning range (FTR) and low power consumption. Inductive coupling with the dummy fill blocks are optimized to improve the resonator quality factor. The measured results demonstrate a wide tuning range of 11.6% from 138-155.1 GHz with a supply voltage of 0.9 V. The output power of the VCO is -16 dBm at a center frequency of 146.6 GHz with a phase noise of -90.1 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset. The VCO consumes a low power of 12.2 mW with a compact area of 259x249 µ$m$2• The corresponding FOMT is -163.9 dBc/Hz.
{"title":"A Low-Power Push-Push D-Band VCO with 11.6% FTR utilizing Back-gate Control in 22nm FDSOI","authors":"Yasir Shafiullah, Mikko Hietanen, M. Leinonen, Rehman Akbar, J. Aikio, Jere Rusanen, T. Rahkonen, A. Pärssinen","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046316","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a D-band push-push voltage controlled oscillator implemented using 22nm FDSOI CMOS technology. The back-gate controls are employed to achieve a wide frequency tuning range (FTR) and low power consumption. Inductive coupling with the dummy fill blocks are optimized to improve the resonator quality factor. The measured results demonstrate a wide tuning range of 11.6% from 138-155.1 GHz with a supply voltage of 0.9 V. The output power of the VCO is -16 dBm at a center frequency of 146.6 GHz with a phase noise of -90.1 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset. The VCO consumes a low power of 12.2 mW with a compact area of 259x249 µ$m$2• The corresponding FOMT is -163.9 dBc/Hz.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130710078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046204
Aniello Franzese, N. Maletic, R. Negra, A. Malignaggi
This paper reports on a local-oscillator (LO) distribution chain suitable for 5G mm-wave image-rejection up-/down-converter. The chain consists of a single-ended-to-differential active converter, which achieves low phase and amplitude imbalance, minimizing the area occupation. Secondly, a frequency doubler is included in the frontend. Following, buffer amplifiers boost the second-harmonic amplitude extracted from the doubler, and a differential polyphase quadrature filter generates two I/Q couples of differential signals, such that four signals can feed two up- or down-converter mixers to achieve sideband suppression for up-conversion operations or image-rejection for down-conversion, respectively. The LO chain is suitable to be provided with an input signal ranging from 11.5 to 13.5 GHz and achieving outputs from 23 to 27 GHz with quadrature capabilities. Finally, the maximum single-ended saturated output power is −1 dBm at 26 GHz and stays above −3.2 dBm for the entire band.
{"title":"Image-Rejection Up-/Down-Converter LO Distribution Chain for 5G mm-wave Phased-Array Systems","authors":"Aniello Franzese, N. Maletic, R. Negra, A. Malignaggi","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046204","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on a local-oscillator (LO) distribution chain suitable for 5G mm-wave image-rejection up-/down-converter. The chain consists of a single-ended-to-differential active converter, which achieves low phase and amplitude imbalance, minimizing the area occupation. Secondly, a frequency doubler is included in the frontend. Following, buffer amplifiers boost the second-harmonic amplitude extracted from the doubler, and a differential polyphase quadrature filter generates two I/Q couples of differential signals, such that four signals can feed two up- or down-converter mixers to achieve sideband suppression for up-conversion operations or image-rejection for down-conversion, respectively. The LO chain is suitable to be provided with an input signal ranging from 11.5 to 13.5 GHz and achieving outputs from 23 to 27 GHz with quadrature capabilities. Finally, the maximum single-ended saturated output power is −1 dBm at 26 GHz and stays above −3.2 dBm for the entire band.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114567181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046313
Chad Bartlett, M. Höft
In this work, a subclass of the singlet building block is defined. Termed the anglet, a waveguide cavity-based structure is demonstrated that combines a bend, a 90-degree polarization rotation, and produces one pole and one transmission zero. The anglet is defined due to its unique ability to be viewed as either a TE101 -mode singlet or a TM110-mode singlet based on the users coordinate point of view together with the requirements for the bend direction and polarization rotation. Two types of anglets are demonstrated by simulation and a third-order filter is demonstrated for the incorporation of an anglet in a practical design. Emphasis on its unique capabilities are highlighted due to its nature as a fundamental-mode resonator with evanescent bypass coupling. Furthermore, an accurate approximation for the source-load coupling is described and a prototype filter is fabricated and measured in order to validate the concept.
{"title":"The Anglet: An E/H-plane Bent, 90-Degree Twisted, TE101/TM110-Mode Singlet Building Block","authors":"Chad Bartlett, M. Höft","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046313","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a subclass of the singlet building block is defined. Termed the anglet, a waveguide cavity-based structure is demonstrated that combines a bend, a 90-degree polarization rotation, and produces one pole and one transmission zero. The anglet is defined due to its unique ability to be viewed as either a TE101 -mode singlet or a TM110-mode singlet based on the users coordinate point of view together with the requirements for the bend direction and polarization rotation. Two types of anglets are demonstrated by simulation and a third-order filter is demonstrated for the incorporation of an anglet in a practical design. Emphasis on its unique capabilities are highlighted due to its nature as a fundamental-mode resonator with evanescent bypass coupling. Furthermore, an accurate approximation for the source-load coupling is described and a prototype filter is fabricated and measured in order to validate the concept.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128702517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046308
C. Karpuz, Gülfem Balasu Fırat Unuk, Pinar Öztürk Özdemir, Alperen Cengiz, Ali Kürsad Görür
This paper presents a novel balun bandpass filter (BPF) based on dual-mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure. The proposed structure is composed of a single layer SIW cavity in which slits on both sides of feeding lines and a metallic via perturbation are placed. Degenerate modes in the cavity can be excited by the proper positions of the perturbation via. Transmission zeros (TZs) can be controlled from both sides of the passband by virtue of lengths of the slits. The designed balun BPF not only reduce the number of resonators and the circuit size, but also provides flexible frequency response. The dual-mode SIW balun BPF has been fabricated and measured in a good agreement with the simulated results. The measured phase and amplitude differences have been observed as 3° and 0.28 dB at the center frequency of 5.35 GHz and better than 8° and 0.35 dB within the fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 2.45 %, respectively.
{"title":"Substrate Integrated Waveguide Balun Bandpass Filter with Controllable Transmission Zeros for C Band Application","authors":"C. Karpuz, Gülfem Balasu Fırat Unuk, Pinar Öztürk Özdemir, Alperen Cengiz, Ali Kürsad Görür","doi":"10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS55624.2023.10046308","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel balun bandpass filter (BPF) based on dual-mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure. The proposed structure is composed of a single layer SIW cavity in which slits on both sides of feeding lines and a metallic via perturbation are placed. Degenerate modes in the cavity can be excited by the proper positions of the perturbation via. Transmission zeros (TZs) can be controlled from both sides of the passband by virtue of lengths of the slits. The designed balun BPF not only reduce the number of resonators and the circuit size, but also provides flexible frequency response. The dual-mode SIW balun BPF has been fabricated and measured in a good agreement with the simulated results. The measured phase and amplitude differences have been observed as 3° and 0.28 dB at the center frequency of 5.35 GHz and better than 8° and 0.35 dB within the fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 2.45 %, respectively.","PeriodicalId":110742,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129808009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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