Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827761
Hendrik Reydarns, Vincent Lauwereys, D. Haeseldonckx, P. van Willigenburg, J. Woudstra, S. De Jonge
Instead of using a passive AC power grid for low power applications, this paper describes a smart plug for DC networks that is capable of providing the correct power to a device (up to 100 W) and that allows for communication between different plugs and monitoring of energy consumption across the DC network using the Ethernet protocol in conjunction with a signal modulator to adapt the signals to the DC network. The ability to monitor consumption on a device-per-device basis allows for closer monitoring of in-house energy use and provides an easily scalable platform to monitor consumption at a macro level. In order to make this paper attractive for the consumer market and easily integrable with existing consumer devices, a generally compatible solution is needed. To meet these demands and to take advantage of the trend of charging consumer devices through USB, we opted for the recently adapted USB Power Delivery standard. This standard allows devices to communicate with the plug and demand a specific voltage and current needed for the device to operate. The purpose of this paper is to give the reader insight in the development of a proof of concept of the smart DC/DC power plug.
本文介绍了一种用于直流网络的智能插头，它能够为设备提供正确的功率(高达100 W)，并允许不同插头之间的通信，并使用以太网协议和信号调制器监测直流网络的能耗，而不是使用无源交流电网用于低功耗应用。在每个设备的基础上监控消耗的能力允许更密切地监控内部能源使用，并提供一个易于扩展的平台来监控宏观层面的消耗。为了使本文对消费市场具有吸引力，并易于与现有的消费设备集成，需要一个普遍兼容的解决方案。为了满足这些需求，并利用通过USB为消费设备充电的趋势，我们选择了最近调整的USB Power Delivery标准。该标准允许设备与插头通信，并要求设备运行所需的特定电压和电流。本文的目的是让读者了解智能DC/DC电源插头的概念验证的发展。
{"title":"The development of a proof of concept for a smart DC/DC power plug based on USB power delivery","authors":"Hendrik Reydarns, Vincent Lauwereys, D. Haeseldonckx, P. van Willigenburg, J. Woudstra, S. De Jonge","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827761","url":null,"abstract":"Instead of using a passive AC power grid for low power applications, this paper describes a smart plug for DC networks that is capable of providing the correct power to a device (up to 100 W) and that allows for communication between different plugs and monitoring of energy consumption across the DC network using the Ethernet protocol in conjunction with a signal modulator to adapt the signals to the DC network. The ability to monitor consumption on a device-per-device basis allows for closer monitoring of in-house energy use and provides an easily scalable platform to monitor consumption at a macro level. In order to make this paper attractive for the consumer market and easily integrable with existing consumer devices, a generally compatible solution is needed. To meet these demands and to take advantage of the trend of charging consumer devices through USB, we opted for the recently adapted USB Power Delivery standard. This standard allows devices to communicate with the plug and demand a specific voltage and current needed for the device to operate. The purpose of this paper is to give the reader insight in the development of a proof of concept of the smart DC/DC power plug.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130532954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827767
S. Szewczuk, Stephanie von Gavel, P. Verhagen, Max Schreuder, Sampson Marnphweli, A. McMaster
There is a genuine opportunity for the developing world and rural areas to leapfrog the conventional Western paradigm of power. Where conventional electricity delivery is reliant on expensive, polluting and centrally controlled generation (with its spider web of infrastructure and dependence on decades-old technologies), the developing world can harness modern, low carbon, renewable, agile, smart and decentralised generation to rapidly deliver tailored, appropriate and sustainable energy, potentially with increased speed, reduced cost and better societal fit. The CSIR, together with two other members of the Global Research Alliance (GRA), TNO of The Netherlands and CSIRO of Australia and the University of Fort Hare have formed a core team to pool resources and know-how to develop a response to the Eastern Cape Provincial Government's Sustainable Energy Strategy's 9th Priority - universal access to energy. This paper will provide an overview of the comprehensively scoped energy initiative for rural community development and poverty alleviation. The scoping of this energy initiative is based on lessons learnt from extensive field work undertaken by the GRA members.
{"title":"Global Research Alliance (GRA) — Smart sustainable energy for rural community development","authors":"S. Szewczuk, Stephanie von Gavel, P. Verhagen, Max Schreuder, Sampson Marnphweli, A. McMaster","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827767","url":null,"abstract":"There is a genuine opportunity for the developing world and rural areas to leapfrog the conventional Western paradigm of power. Where conventional electricity delivery is reliant on expensive, polluting and centrally controlled generation (with its spider web of infrastructure and dependence on decades-old technologies), the developing world can harness modern, low carbon, renewable, agile, smart and decentralised generation to rapidly deliver tailored, appropriate and sustainable energy, potentially with increased speed, reduced cost and better societal fit. The CSIR, together with two other members of the Global Research Alliance (GRA), TNO of The Netherlands and CSIRO of Australia and the University of Fort Hare have formed a core team to pool resources and know-how to develop a response to the Eastern Cape Provincial Government's Sustainable Energy Strategy's 9th Priority - universal access to energy. This paper will provide an overview of the comprehensively scoped energy initiative for rural community development and poverty alleviation. The scoping of this energy initiative is based on lessons learnt from extensive field work undertaken by the GRA members.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131126809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827777
S. Tangwe, M. Simon, E. Meyer
ASHP water heater is a renewable energy device for sanitary hot water production and can effectively operates with a COP above 2. In the South Africa residential sector, Eskom embarks on reducing the electricity demand from the geysers by retrofitting these systems with ASHP units. The research focused on designing and construction of DAS to monitor the power consumption of a 4 kW geyser and a 1.2 kW ASHP unit retrofitting the geyser with respect to the variability in climatic condition, volume of water drawn off, ASHP inlet and outlet water temperature. The results obtained from the experimental setup were used to develop a MLR model to predict the COP of the ASHP water heater. Finally, the result was populated to account for the total number of these above mentioned system proposed to be installed and hence the demand reduction computed. The average maximum weekday Eskom peak hours power consumption for the geyser was 3.70 kW, while for the ASHP water heater was 1.51 kW with an average COP of 2.10. The demand reduction will provide a dual benefits as its will reduced the constraint on the national grids and also the environmental pollutants.
{"title":"Empirical model to determine electricity demand reduction in the South Africa residential sector by retrofitting geysers with air source heat pump","authors":"S. Tangwe, M. Simon, E. Meyer","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827777","url":null,"abstract":"ASHP water heater is a renewable energy device for sanitary hot water production and can effectively operates with a COP above 2. In the South Africa residential sector, Eskom embarks on reducing the electricity demand from the geysers by retrofitting these systems with ASHP units. The research focused on designing and construction of DAS to monitor the power consumption of a 4 kW geyser and a 1.2 kW ASHP unit retrofitting the geyser with respect to the variability in climatic condition, volume of water drawn off, ASHP inlet and outlet water temperature. The results obtained from the experimental setup were used to develop a MLR model to predict the COP of the ASHP water heater. Finally, the result was populated to account for the total number of these above mentioned system proposed to be installed and hence the demand reduction computed. The average maximum weekday Eskom peak hours power consumption for the geyser was 3.70 kW, while for the ASHP water heater was 1.51 kW with an average COP of 2.10. The demand reduction will provide a dual benefits as its will reduced the constraint on the national grids and also the environmental pollutants.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133849174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827766
S. Heunis, M. Dekenah, L. Setlhogo
Open Data Kit (ODK) is a free and open source set of tools that simplifies the collection of survey based data. During the operations of the NRS Domestic Load Research programme, a number of survey based tasks are executed and is mostly paper based. ODK was piloted for the collection of site audit information for the NRS load research project and the tools used and pilot results obtained are described in this paper. ODK comprises three stages - build, collect and aggregate. During build the survey form is defined in an open format. ODK collect uses the form definition, to dynamically create an interface for collecting data using the mobile devices using the Android operating system. During aggregation the results are exported for use in spreadsheet programmes and GIS applications. The site audit survey process was implemented using ODK and the data collection process was successfully completed for all active 2013 sites. It is currently being deployed for other survey processes of the NRS Domestic Load Research programme. This toolset is recommended for all survey based data collection and could add value during energy audits, customer interviews and device installations.
{"title":"Domestic load research data collection using Open Data Kit","authors":"S. Heunis, M. Dekenah, L. Setlhogo","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827766","url":null,"abstract":"Open Data Kit (ODK) is a free and open source set of tools that simplifies the collection of survey based data. During the operations of the NRS Domestic Load Research programme, a number of survey based tasks are executed and is mostly paper based. ODK was piloted for the collection of site audit information for the NRS load research project and the tools used and pilot results obtained are described in this paper. ODK comprises three stages - build, collect and aggregate. During build the survey form is defined in an open format. ODK collect uses the form definition, to dynamically create an interface for collecting data using the mobile devices using the Android operating system. During aggregation the results are exported for use in spreadsheet programmes and GIS applications. The site audit survey process was implemented using ODK and the data collection process was successfully completed for all active 2013 sites. It is currently being deployed for other survey processes of the NRS Domestic Load Research programme. This toolset is recommended for all survey based data collection and could add value during energy audits, customer interviews and device installations.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114149975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827765
J. Booysen, M. Dekenah, L. Sethlogo
Domestic building density estimates per living standards measure (LSM) in South Africa was needed to produce energy density estimates for network planning by means of the Eskom Geo Load Forecasting system (GLF). Building density estimates for domestic buildings was calculated by linking complex spatial data, using spatial filtering and algorithms to find domestic building density estimates per LSM group in South Africa that is based on reality. Building density estimates can then be combined with domestic load research data (DLR) to calculate domestic energy density. The focus of this paper was on the specific task of calculating domestic building density per LSM in South Africa as no published measures currently exist at a National level.
{"title":"Domestic building density estimates for network planning","authors":"J. Booysen, M. Dekenah, L. Sethlogo","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827765","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic building density estimates per living standards measure (LSM) in South Africa was needed to produce energy density estimates for network planning by means of the Eskom Geo Load Forecasting system (GLF). Building density estimates for domestic buildings was calculated by linking complex spatial data, using spatial filtering and algorithms to find domestic building density estimates per LSM group in South Africa that is based on reality. Building density estimates can then be combined with domestic load research data (DLR) to calculate domestic energy density. The focus of this paper was on the specific task of calculating domestic building density per LSM in South Africa as no published measures currently exist at a National level.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114485208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827774
M. Giraneza, M. Kahn
The developments of power electronic devices have improved most of technical limitations that HVDC used to have. Nowadays HVDC is widely used for transmission of bulk power over long distances and for the interconnection of asynchronous grid. With the development of the HVDC, the growth of power demand also increased beyond the utilities capacities. In order to meet the actual power demand, utilities have to purchase power from independent power providers (IPP); which mostly are in renewable energies. The integration of those independent power productions within the grid is an issue. In this paper, IPPs challenges for grid integration are addressed and HVDC based strategies for the safe and reliable integration of renewable energies are presented.
{"title":"High voltage direct current (HVDC) in applications for independent power providers","authors":"M. Giraneza, M. Kahn","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827774","url":null,"abstract":"The developments of power electronic devices have improved most of technical limitations that HVDC used to have. Nowadays HVDC is widely used for transmission of bulk power over long distances and for the interconnection of asynchronous grid. With the development of the HVDC, the growth of power demand also increased beyond the utilities capacities. In order to meet the actual power demand, utilities have to purchase power from independent power providers (IPP); which mostly are in renewable energies. The integration of those independent power productions within the grid is an issue. In this paper, IPPs challenges for grid integration are addressed and HVDC based strategies for the safe and reliable integration of renewable energies are presented.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"247 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116161963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827752
P. Lloyd
This paper describes the results of a pilot programme to introduce ethanol gel as a replacement for paraffin for cooking in a low-income informal settlement, Samora Machel, in the Philippi district of Cape Town. A baseline study had shown that paraffin was the dominant source of energy in this community, and that the community knew that its use was both hazardous and unhealthy, but they had no apparent alternative. A gel fuel meeting the requirements of SANS 448 was identified and supplies ordered. A burner system meeting the requirements of SANS 666 was not available on the market; instead it was necessary to use all that could be found. The Agrifood Technology Station at CPUT was tasked with finding ways to cook using ethanol gel, with accent being placed on cooking safely and using the least possible quantity of gel for a standard menu. After several fruitless attempts to launch a programme, a successful meeting was held at the crèche in Samora Machel at which a number of residents agreed to take part in the pilot programme. Soon thereafter there was a fire (NOT caused by gel) in which many residents lost all their possessions, and when stoves were distributed free of charge, and five litres of gel sold at a subsidized price, all stoves were eagerly taken. The demonstration of how to cook using the gel was held at the point of distribution, and people taking stoves were shown how they worked and how to keep them clean. Every week for four weeks, a sample of the participants was contacted to determine their response to cooking on gel. Virtually every response was most positive, and at the end of that period the participants in the pilot programme requested that the supply of gel should continue as long as possible.
{"title":"A pilot test of ethanol gel as a paraffin replacement in a low-income urban environment","authors":"P. Lloyd","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827752","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the results of a pilot programme to introduce ethanol gel as a replacement for paraffin for cooking in a low-income informal settlement, Samora Machel, in the Philippi district of Cape Town. A baseline study had shown that paraffin was the dominant source of energy in this community, and that the community knew that its use was both hazardous and unhealthy, but they had no apparent alternative. A gel fuel meeting the requirements of SANS 448 was identified and supplies ordered. A burner system meeting the requirements of SANS 666 was not available on the market; instead it was necessary to use all that could be found. The Agrifood Technology Station at CPUT was tasked with finding ways to cook using ethanol gel, with accent being placed on cooking safely and using the least possible quantity of gel for a standard menu. After several fruitless attempts to launch a programme, a successful meeting was held at the crèche in Samora Machel at which a number of residents agreed to take part in the pilot programme. Soon thereafter there was a fire (NOT caused by gel) in which many residents lost all their possessions, and when stoves were distributed free of charge, and five litres of gel sold at a subsidized price, all stoves were eagerly taken. The demonstration of how to cook using the gel was held at the point of distribution, and people taking stoves were shown how they worked and how to keep them clean. Every week for four weeks, a sample of the participants was contacted to determine their response to cooking on gel. Virtually every response was most positive, and at the end of that period the participants in the pilot programme requested that the supply of gel should continue as long as possible.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"21 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131692570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827764
S. Reckson, A. Madhlopa
Energy plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of any nation. Nevertheless, many people do not have access to modern energy services for lighting or other applications. Solar lamps are an innovation of modern lighting services for low-income households. In spite of the benefits associated with the adoption of solar lamps there have been few attempts for the diffusion of this technology among South Africa residences. The objective of this study was to assess perceived characteristics of solar lamps from persons in non-electrified households in Khayelitsha, Cape Town (South Africa). Such households rely predominantly on paraffin lamps and candles for lighting. The authors wished to assess public perceived characteristics of solar lamps (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity and affordability in a preliminary persuasive stage). Primary data was collected through use of a structured questionnaire (respondents completed 26). Each response - from `strongly disagree' to `strongly agree' received an integer score of 1 to 5. In addition, data reliability was determined by using Cronbach's Alpha. Results indicated most respondents perceived solar lamps as more advantageous, compatible and affordable than paraffin lamps and candles. Answers swayed more towards `disagree' on the complexity of the technology. The values of alpha ranged from 0.46 (for affordability) to 0.84 (for relative advantage, indicating solar lamps had a significant perceived relative advantage over paraffin lamps and candles.
{"title":"Assessment of perceived characteristics of solar lamps in Khayelitsha","authors":"S. Reckson, A. Madhlopa","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827764","url":null,"abstract":"Energy plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of any nation. Nevertheless, many people do not have access to modern energy services for lighting or other applications. Solar lamps are an innovation of modern lighting services for low-income households. In spite of the benefits associated with the adoption of solar lamps there have been few attempts for the diffusion of this technology among South Africa residences. The objective of this study was to assess perceived characteristics of solar lamps from persons in non-electrified households in Khayelitsha, Cape Town (South Africa). Such households rely predominantly on paraffin lamps and candles for lighting. The authors wished to assess public perceived characteristics of solar lamps (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity and affordability in a preliminary persuasive stage). Primary data was collected through use of a structured questionnaire (respondents completed 26). Each response - from `strongly disagree' to `strongly agree' received an integer score of 1 to 5. In addition, data reliability was determined by using Cronbach's Alpha. Results indicated most respondents perceived solar lamps as more advantageous, compatible and affordable than paraffin lamps and candles. Answers swayed more towards `disagree' on the complexity of the technology. The values of alpha ranged from 0.46 (for affordability) to 0.84 (for relative advantage, indicating solar lamps had a significant perceived relative advantage over paraffin lamps and candles.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129660819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.1109/DUE.2014.6827772
S. Maharaj, P. Govender
Industrial plants are excellent sources for green waste heat energy harvesting. The design of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) unit using the Seebeck effect of converting heat energy into electricity is dependent on the applications that the TEG unit is `thermally connected' to in order to achieve the required thermal gradient across the thermoelectric modules. A correct thermal gradient across the thermoelectric modules is crucial for the optimal functionality of these modules. The research discussed in this paper focuses on the design and development of a prototype thermoelectric co-generation unit for waste heat energy harvesting into usable electrical energy in an industrial environment.
{"title":"A prototype thermoelectric co-generation unit","authors":"S. Maharaj, P. Govender","doi":"10.1109/DUE.2014.6827772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DUE.2014.6827772","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial plants are excellent sources for green waste heat energy harvesting. The design of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) unit using the Seebeck effect of converting heat energy into electricity is dependent on the applications that the TEG unit is `thermally connected' to in order to achieve the required thermal gradient across the thermoelectric modules. A correct thermal gradient across the thermoelectric modules is crucial for the optimal functionality of these modules. The research discussed in this paper focuses on the design and development of a prototype thermoelectric co-generation unit for waste heat energy harvesting into usable electrical energy in an industrial environment.","PeriodicalId":112427,"journal":{"name":"Twenty-Second Domestic Use of Energy","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114891318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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