Background: Play therapy is a structured approach based on therapy theories that establish children’s learning and communication processes. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy on anxiety and shyness of elementary school children. Materials & Methods: This pre-test post-test with a control group design was conducted on students of both sexes studying at Rezvan Khutbehsarai Elementary School in the academic year 2020-2021, in Talesh, North of Iran. Students who had a high score on anxiety and shyness test were selected by purposive sampling method and then randomly allocated into experimental and control groups. Anxiety and shyness were assessed using Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale and Children’s Shyness Questionnaire. Cognitive-behavioral play therapy intervention was performed during ten sessions. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: Play therapy significantly decreased the mean score of shyness and anxiety in the experimental group. The adjusted post-test mean score of anxiety (52.13, SD= 3.775) and shyness (77.88, SD= 5.947) in the experimental group was significantly lower than the adjusted post-test mean score of anxiety (61.42, SD= 3.671) and shyness in the control group (94.11, SD= 4.332). Conclusion: The finding showed effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing anxiety and shyness in elementary school students. Parents should be motivated to learn concepts such as the need for play, types of games, and the role of play in repairing the parent-child relationship.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Play Therapy on Anxiety and Shyness in Elementary School Students","authors":"Sima Bashash, L. Moghtader, Mohammad Pourshaban","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.4.249.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.4.249.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Play therapy is a structured approach based on therapy theories that establish children’s learning and communication processes. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy on anxiety and shyness of elementary school children. Materials & Methods: This pre-test post-test with a control group design was conducted on students of both sexes studying at Rezvan Khutbehsarai Elementary School in the academic year 2020-2021, in Talesh, North of Iran. Students who had a high score on anxiety and shyness test were selected by purposive sampling method and then randomly allocated into experimental and control groups. Anxiety and shyness were assessed using Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale and Children’s Shyness Questionnaire. Cognitive-behavioral play therapy intervention was performed during ten sessions. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: Play therapy significantly decreased the mean score of shyness and anxiety in the experimental group. The adjusted post-test mean score of anxiety (52.13, SD= 3.775) and shyness (77.88, SD= 5.947) in the experimental group was significantly lower than the adjusted post-test mean score of anxiety (61.42, SD= 3.671) and shyness in the control group (94.11, SD= 4.332). Conclusion: The finding showed effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing anxiety and shyness in elementary school students. Parents should be motivated to learn concepts such as the need for play, types of games, and the role of play in repairing the parent-child relationship.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121105853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Moaven Saeidi, M. Saheban Maleki, Behnam Mazlum
Background: There are many well-known biologic and anthropometric risk factor for Developing Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). Shift Work (SW) may be associated with CVD risk factors. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the relationship of shift work and some of CVD risk factors. Materials & Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was done in Occupational Medicine Center of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences from April to December in 2021. A total of 743 workers who referred for periodic health examination were selected by simple random sampling. Those workers with at least one year of work experience who had Satisfaction for participation were included to the study. Having congenital heart disease, heart failure, kidney disease, Taking drugs that increase blood pressure, blood lipid and sugar and pregnant women were excluded. Demographic data, Physical examination and Blood cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose measures were collected. Data analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney U test, student t-test, Chi-Square and Multivariate Linear Regression model with SPSS software version 21 at a significant level of 0.05. Results: Of total, 73.4% were men and 47.3% were shift workers. The Mean±Standard Deviation of age was 33.9±5.07 among shift workers, and 36.32±5.81 among Day-time workers. There was significant independent association between shift work and triglyceride (B=7.5, 95%CI=1.02,1.21, P=0.03) and cholesterol (B=7.2, 95%CI=1.12,1.22, P=0.028) values. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the concentration of blood triglycerides and cholesterol is higher in shift workers than day-time workers. Therefore, particular follow-up of shift workers should be recommended for screening and preventing cardiovascular risk factors
{"title":"Relationship Between Shift Work and Cardiovascular disease Risk Factors in Workers Referred to Occupational Medicine Center of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences","authors":"Maryam Moaven Saeidi, M. Saheban Maleki, Behnam Mazlum","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.4.432.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.4.432.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are many well-known biologic and anthropometric risk factor for Developing Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). Shift Work (SW) may be associated with CVD risk factors. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the relationship of shift work and some of CVD risk factors. Materials & Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was done in Occupational Medicine Center of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences from April to December in 2021. A total of 743 workers who referred for periodic health examination were selected by simple random sampling. Those workers with at least one year of work experience who had Satisfaction for participation were included to the study. Having congenital heart disease, heart failure, kidney disease, Taking drugs that increase blood pressure, blood lipid and sugar and pregnant women were excluded. Demographic data, Physical examination and Blood cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose measures were collected. Data analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney U test, student t-test, Chi-Square and Multivariate Linear Regression model with SPSS software version 21 at a significant level of 0.05. Results: Of total, 73.4% were men and 47.3% were shift workers. The Mean±Standard Deviation of age was 33.9±5.07 among shift workers, and 36.32±5.81 among Day-time workers. There was significant independent association between shift work and triglyceride (B=7.5, 95%CI=1.02,1.21, P=0.03) and cholesterol (B=7.2, 95%CI=1.12,1.22, P=0.028) values. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the concentration of blood triglycerides and cholesterol is higher in shift workers than day-time workers. Therefore, particular follow-up of shift workers should be recommended for screening and preventing cardiovascular risk factors","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115032297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Jose, R. Bhaskaran, Sree Raj, Priyanka Rajmohan, A. Rafi, Unnikrishnan Uttumadathil Gopinathan, Joe Thomas, Susheela Jacob Innah, L. Raphael, C. Valsan, P. Kuttichira
Background: The duration of the immune response induced by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in a real-world setting is unknown. Objectives: This study is aimed to estimate the 6-month trend of SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer after Covishield vaccination among Health Care workers (HCW) and their associated factors. Materials & Methods: A prospective single cohort study of health care workers was done in a tertiary care-teaching institute of central Kerala from January 2021 to October 2021. HCWs who have given pre-vaccination serum sample for SARS-CoV-2 antibody estimation and negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibody were included. They were followed up and their blood samples to check for antibody levels were taken 28 days after first dose, 2 weeks after second dose, and 3 and 6 months after first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Samples taken from 102 HCW were sent for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody testing. Results: Mean age of the study participants was 39.3 (age range:19 - 71) yrs. and 71.6% were females. Antibody levels of participants at 3rd month ranged from 0.28 S/C to 21.2 S/C with a mean of 8.01. Only 34 (33.3%) HCW had IgG antibody levels >9.5 S/C. Mean antibody level further declined to 6.09 S/C at 6th month. Only 19 (28.4%) had antibody levels more than 9.5 S/C at 6th month. HCW with aged less than 50 years and those who had COVID disease during the study period had a significantly higher level of IgG antibody titres. Quantitative results were reported as signal to cut-off (S/C) value. Conclusion: The study found that after vaccination with Covishield vaccine IgG levels peaked at 14 days following second dose of vaccine, then getting decreased in the third month and further in sixth month confirming the need for a booster dose. COVID antibody levels were significantly higher in COVID infected HCW and in young age participants
{"title":"Sequential Observation of Antibody Response Pattern at 3 and 6 Months Following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination Among Health Care Workers-A Prospective Single Cohort Study","authors":"P. Jose, R. Bhaskaran, Sree Raj, Priyanka Rajmohan, A. Rafi, Unnikrishnan Uttumadathil Gopinathan, Joe Thomas, Susheela Jacob Innah, L. Raphael, C. Valsan, P. Kuttichira","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.4.448.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.4.448.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The duration of the immune response induced by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in a real-world setting is unknown. Objectives: This study is aimed to estimate the 6-month trend of SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer after Covishield vaccination among Health Care workers (HCW) and their associated factors. Materials & Methods: A prospective single cohort study of health care workers was done in a tertiary care-teaching institute of central Kerala from January 2021 to October 2021. HCWs who have given pre-vaccination serum sample for SARS-CoV-2 antibody estimation and negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibody were included. They were followed up and their blood samples to check for antibody levels were taken 28 days after first dose, 2 weeks after second dose, and 3 and 6 months after first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Samples taken from 102 HCW were sent for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody testing. Results: Mean age of the study participants was 39.3 (age range:19 - 71) yrs. and 71.6% were females. Antibody levels of participants at 3rd month ranged from 0.28 S/C to 21.2 S/C with a mean of 8.01. Only 34 (33.3%) HCW had IgG antibody levels >9.5 S/C. Mean antibody level further declined to 6.09 S/C at 6th month. Only 19 (28.4%) had antibody levels more than 9.5 S/C at 6th month. HCW with aged less than 50 years and those who had COVID disease during the study period had a significantly higher level of IgG antibody titres. Quantitative results were reported as signal to cut-off (S/C) value. Conclusion: The study found that after vaccination with Covishield vaccine IgG levels peaked at 14 days following second dose of vaccine, then getting decreased in the third month and further in sixth month confirming the need for a booster dose. COVID antibody levels were significantly higher in COVID infected HCW and in young age participants","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116725799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elnaz Deldadeh Mehraban, A. Farhangi, S. Abolghasemi
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of people suffering from psychological disorders has increased all over the world. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of mental health and resilience with Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) through mediating of defensive styles in the COVID-19 survivors. Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The research population included all COVID-19 recovered patients in Gorgan, Iran. Using convenience sampling method, 300 patients who recovered from COVID-19 were selected. The research instruments included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale, the General Health Questionnaire, and Defense Style Questionnaire. The participants were given questionnaires online. Results: The results of SEM suggested that the proposed model fits the data. The direct paths from PTG, mental health, and resilience to the developed defensive styles were positive and significant (P<0.01). In addition, the relationship between mental health and resilience with PTG was positive and significant (P<0.01). The relationship between PTG, mental health, and resilience with the immature and neurotic defensive styles was negative and significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: The findings revealed that mental health, resilience, and developed defensive styles had a tremendous impact on the increase of PTG in COVID-19 patients. Accordingly, they can be used to reduce the psychological problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"The Relationship of Mental Health and Resilience with Posttraumatic Growth through the Mediating of Defensive Styles in the COVID-19 Survivors","authors":"Elnaz Deldadeh Mehraban, A. Farhangi, S. Abolghasemi","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.4.427.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.4.427.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of people suffering from psychological disorders has increased all over the world. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of mental health and resilience with Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) through mediating of defensive styles in the COVID-19 survivors. Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The research population included all COVID-19 recovered patients in Gorgan, Iran. Using convenience sampling method, 300 patients who recovered from COVID-19 were selected. The research instruments included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale, the General Health Questionnaire, and Defense Style Questionnaire. The participants were given questionnaires online. Results: The results of SEM suggested that the proposed model fits the data. The direct paths from PTG, mental health, and resilience to the developed defensive styles were positive and significant (P<0.01). In addition, the relationship between mental health and resilience with PTG was positive and significant (P<0.01). The relationship between PTG, mental health, and resilience with the immature and neurotic defensive styles was negative and significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: The findings revealed that mental health, resilience, and developed defensive styles had a tremendous impact on the increase of PTG in COVID-19 patients. Accordingly, they can be used to reduce the psychological problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127780083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Bakhshi, D. Shojaeizadeh, R. Sadeghi, S. Nedjat, M. Taghdisi, G. Laverack
Background: A healthy lifestyle based on healthy eating habits and appropriate physical activity during different periods of life, bring healthy old age to women through preventing overweight or maintaining a healthy weight Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the effect of Internet-based intervention on the lifestyle and healthy eating habits of women in northern Iran. Materials & Methods: The present field-trial study was conducted on 268 women who were members of Population of Mental Health Assistants from November 2014 to May 2015. The educational intervention was carried out through a website containing information on healthy lifestyle, nutrition, and cooking methods of various healthy foods. The participants of the intervention group were also received their special diet. All participants were evaluated after 3 and 6 months in terms of changes in weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and nutritional habits. Their lifestyle were measured using the standard questionnaire of Health- Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II). Data was analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: The average age (Standard Deviation (SD)) of the intervention and comparison group was 38.7 (10.8) and 36.9 (10.8) years, respectively. After six months, the average BMI of the intervention group decreased from 27.4 (SD=5.3) to 26.3 (SD=5.7) kg/m2 (P<0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of both groups showed a significant decrease (P<0.001). Nutrition (F1,266=62.09, P=0.001, η2=0.19) followed by health responsibility (F1,255=30.4, P= 0.001, η2= 0.11) were the most important dimensions of HPLP-II affected by intervention. Conclusion: The Internet-based educational intervention program, using a bottom-up approach, has a favorable effect on the improvement of the lifestyle and weight loss of the participants. The findings of the present study showed the possibility of using the new e-health technology in order to promote healthy lifestyle and eating habits in women.
{"title":"The Effect of Internet-Based Intervention on Lifestyle and Healthy Nutrition Habits of Women in North of Iran: A Field-Based Trial Study","authors":"F. Bakhshi, D. Shojaeizadeh, R. Sadeghi, S. Nedjat, M. Taghdisi, G. Laverack","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.4.90.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.4.90.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A healthy lifestyle based on healthy eating habits and appropriate physical activity during different periods of life, bring healthy old age to women through preventing overweight or maintaining a healthy weight Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the effect of Internet-based intervention on the lifestyle and healthy eating habits of women in northern Iran. Materials & Methods: The present field-trial study was conducted on 268 women who were members of Population of Mental Health Assistants from November 2014 to May 2015. The educational intervention was carried out through a website containing information on healthy lifestyle, nutrition, and cooking methods of various healthy foods. The participants of the intervention group were also received their special diet. All participants were evaluated after 3 and 6 months in terms of changes in weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and nutritional habits. Their lifestyle were measured using the standard questionnaire of Health- Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II). Data was analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: The average age (Standard Deviation (SD)) of the intervention and comparison group was 38.7 (10.8) and 36.9 (10.8) years, respectively. After six months, the average BMI of the intervention group decreased from 27.4 (SD=5.3) to 26.3 (SD=5.7) kg/m2 (P<0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of both groups showed a significant decrease (P<0.001). Nutrition (F1,266=62.09, P=0.001, η2=0.19) followed by health responsibility (F1,255=30.4, P= 0.001, η2= 0.11) were the most important dimensions of HPLP-II affected by intervention. Conclusion: The Internet-based educational intervention program, using a bottom-up approach, has a favorable effect on the improvement of the lifestyle and weight loss of the participants. The findings of the present study showed the possibility of using the new e-health technology in order to promote healthy lifestyle and eating habits in women.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128906416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Khiyali, A. Fereidouni, Saeedeh Jafarzadeh, A. Dehghan, Esmaeil Teymoori
Background: Nowadays, children and teenagers are heavily influenced by video games. Excessive video games may affect children's physical and mental health as well as academic performance. Objectives: The present study aimed at determining the correlation between playing video games and general health as well as academic performance of Fasa mid-schools boy students at Iranian secondary school level. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 boy students at secondary school level in Fasa, Fars Province, Iran. The subjects were selected through multistage cluster random sampling method. The data were collected using a three-part questionnaire including demographic information, information about how to use video games. and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS22, descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, t-test, and Chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Findings revealed that there was a significant direct correlation between the amount of video game use and overall general health (r=0.25, P=0.03); a significant inverse relationship was also found between the amount of video game use and academic performance of the students in first (r=-0.41, P=0.002), second (r=-0.30, P=0.02) and third grade (r=-0.42, P=0.02) of mid school students. There was no significant difference in the general health between the two types of game played. There was also a significant relationship between students' academic performance categories and the type of video game (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that video games can play a crucial role in the general health and academic performance of students. Thus, it is vital that parents pay more attention to the duration of playing and type of games their children play.
{"title":"Association Between Playing Video Games, General Health and Academic Performance of Fasa Mid-Schools Boy Students","authors":"Z. Khiyali, A. Fereidouni, Saeedeh Jafarzadeh, A. Dehghan, Esmaeil Teymoori","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nowadays, children and teenagers are heavily influenced by video games. Excessive video games may affect children's physical and mental health as well as academic performance. Objectives: The present study aimed at determining the correlation between playing video games and general health as well as academic performance of Fasa mid-schools boy students at Iranian secondary school level. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 boy students at secondary school level in Fasa, Fars Province, Iran. The subjects were selected through multistage cluster random sampling method. The data were collected using a three-part questionnaire including demographic information, information about how to use video games. and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS22, descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, t-test, and Chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Findings revealed that there was a significant direct correlation between the amount of video game use and overall general health (r=0.25, P=0.03); a significant inverse relationship was also found between the amount of video game use and academic performance of the students in first (r=-0.41, P=0.002), second (r=-0.30, P=0.02) and third grade (r=-0.42, P=0.02) of mid school students. There was no significant difference in the general health between the two types of game played. There was also a significant relationship between students' academic performance categories and the type of video game (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that video games can play a crucial role in the general health and academic performance of students. Thus, it is vital that parents pay more attention to the duration of playing and type of games their children play.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117088180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/cjhr.7.3.433.1.2
Nikou Masoudi Rad, M. Rabiei, M. Samami
Background: The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on dental profession, and COVID-19 prevention and control have been the topic of numerous investigations. Objectives: This study aimed to review and present the most effective strategies for prevention and control of COVID-19 before, during, and after dental procedures in the pandemic and post-pandemic era. Materials and methods: This scoping review was conducted according to the five stages of conduct proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. The latest findings available in most accredited databases and scientific websites including Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, and the guidelines recommended by the World Health Organization and Center for Disease Control and Prevention were searched using the following MeSH terms: “COVID-19”, “Dentistry”, “Infection Control”, and “SARS-CoV-2”. Irrelevant articles, duplicates, and those not meeting the eligibility criteria were excluded. The remaining 24 eligible articles were reviewed. Results: After data analysis, an efficient protocol for dental procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic was tabulated, which included emergency treatments only, preoperative rinsing of an effective mouthwash, patient triage, principles of personal protection for patients and the staff, aerosol elimination from the office, efficient disinfection of the environment, and specific measures for different dental procedures. Conclusion: Dental clinicians can play a pivotal role in prevention of COVID-19 transmission by precise adherence to the protocols, updating their knowledge, and educating patients prior to their visit. Accordingly, they can fulfill their professional responsibility in treatment of emergency cases and other patients. Despite the ongoing global vaccinations against the COVID-19, genetic mutations that occur in the viral genome over time can still challenge the future of dental profession.
{"title":"The significance of coronavirus disease 2019 in dentistry: A scoping review","authors":"Nikou Masoudi Rad, M. Rabiei, M. Samami","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.3.433.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.3.433.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on dental profession, and COVID-19 prevention and control have been the topic of numerous investigations. Objectives: This study aimed to review and present the most effective strategies for prevention and control of COVID-19 before, during, and after dental procedures in the pandemic and post-pandemic era. Materials and methods: This scoping review was conducted according to the five stages of conduct proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. The latest findings available in most accredited databases and scientific websites including Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, and the guidelines recommended by the World Health Organization and Center for Disease Control and Prevention were searched using the following MeSH terms: “COVID-19”, “Dentistry”, “Infection Control”, and “SARS-CoV-2”. Irrelevant articles, duplicates, and those not meeting the eligibility criteria were excluded. The remaining 24 eligible articles were reviewed. Results: After data analysis, an efficient protocol for dental procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic was tabulated, which included emergency treatments only, preoperative rinsing of an effective mouthwash, patient triage, principles of personal protection for patients and the staff, aerosol elimination from the office, efficient disinfection of the environment, and specific measures for different dental procedures. Conclusion: Dental clinicians can play a pivotal role in prevention of COVID-19 transmission by precise adherence to the protocols, updating their knowledge, and educating patients prior to their visit. Accordingly, they can fulfill their professional responsibility in treatment of emergency cases and other patients. Despite the ongoing global vaccinations against the COVID-19, genetic mutations that occur in the viral genome over time can still challenge the future of dental profession.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124589890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/cjhr.7.3.421.1.7
Zahra Feizollahi, H. Asadzadeh, Sayed Rohollah Mousavi
Background: Among the main consequences of smartphone addiction are negative psychological effects, physical conditions, and psychosomatic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of psychosomatic disorders mediated by smartphone addiction in university students. Materials & Methods: The study was a descriptive correlation performed employing path analysis. The statistical population consisted of all students of the Islamic Azad University- Ahvaz Branch in the academic year 2020-2021, of whom 254 students were selected as the sample through convenience sampling. The data were collected using DSM-5 Somatic Syndrome Disorder Scale, Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), and Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale (APS). The evaluation of the proposed research model was performed using the path analysis method through AMOS-23. Results: The results showed that there was a direct relationship between perfectionism and smartphone addiction (β= 0.30, P= 0.001) and also a significant relationship between smartphone addiction and symptoms of psychosomatic disorders (β= 0.28, P= 0.001) in the university students. Moreover, the relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of psychosomatic disorders was completely mediated by smartphone addiction (β= 0.22, P= 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the proposed model had a good fit. Therefore, training the youth in the correct use of smartphones can reduce the effects of perfectionism on symptoms of psychosomatic disorders.
{"title":"Prediction of Symptoms of Psychosomatic Disorders in University Students Based on Perfectionism Mediated by Smartphone Addiction","authors":"Zahra Feizollahi, H. Asadzadeh, Sayed Rohollah Mousavi","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.3.421.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.3.421.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Among the main consequences of smartphone addiction are negative psychological effects, physical conditions, and psychosomatic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of psychosomatic disorders mediated by smartphone addiction in university students. Materials & Methods: The study was a descriptive correlation performed employing path analysis. The statistical population consisted of all students of the Islamic Azad University- Ahvaz Branch in the academic year 2020-2021, of whom 254 students were selected as the sample through convenience sampling. The data were collected using DSM-5 Somatic Syndrome Disorder Scale, Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), and Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale (APS). The evaluation of the proposed research model was performed using the path analysis method through AMOS-23. Results: The results showed that there was a direct relationship between perfectionism and smartphone addiction (β= 0.30, P= 0.001) and also a significant relationship between smartphone addiction and symptoms of psychosomatic disorders (β= 0.28, P= 0.001) in the university students. Moreover, the relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of psychosomatic disorders was completely mediated by smartphone addiction (β= 0.22, P= 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the proposed model had a good fit. Therefore, training the youth in the correct use of smartphones can reduce the effects of perfectionism on symptoms of psychosomatic disorders.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114821513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Movahedi, Shiva Moshirpanahi, Y. Mokhayeri, M. Almasian, Fatemeh Bastami
Background: Hepatitis C is one of the most challenging viral infections worldwide. Patients with hepatitis C may experience some disease-related stigma. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate perceived stigma and its role in predicting anxiety, depression, and quality of life among patients with hepatitis C. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in behavioral counseling centers of three cities, i.e., Khorramabad, Boroujerd and Noorabad, located in the western part of Iran, from May to August 2019. Stratified multistage sampling was used to select 144 patients diagnosed with hepatitis C. The WHOQOL-BREF Scale, Stigma Impact Scale (SIS), Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory, Second Edition (BAI) were used to collect the data. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of covariates on stigma and quality of life. The Stata 16 software was used to analyze the data at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean perceived stigma was 66.805 ± 1.291 with social rejection and social isolation achieving the highest scores (23.409 ± 0.551, 20.208 ± 0.437). In the multivariate regression model, depression (B=0.7, 95%; CI: 0.5, 0.89) and anxiety (B=0.21, 95%; CI: 0.02, 0.41) had direct significant associations with stigma independent of age, sex, marital status, and occupation. Depression (B=-0.27, 95%; CI:-0.47, -0.07), anxiety (B=-0.33, 95%; CI: -0.5, -0.16), and stigma (B=-0.41, 95%; CI: -0.56, -0.26) were inversely associated with patients’ quality of life. Conclusion: This study found a high perceived stigma score among HCV patients. Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with stigma. The quality of life of HCV patients were inversely associated with depression, anxiety, and stigma scores.
{"title":"Stigma, Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life Among Patients With Hepatitis C in Iran","authors":"M. Movahedi, Shiva Moshirpanahi, Y. Mokhayeri, M. Almasian, Fatemeh Bastami","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.3.401.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.3.401.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis C is one of the most challenging viral infections worldwide. Patients with hepatitis C may experience some disease-related stigma. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate perceived stigma and its role in predicting anxiety, depression, and quality of life among patients with hepatitis C. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in behavioral counseling centers of three cities, i.e., Khorramabad, Boroujerd and Noorabad, located in the western part of Iran, from May to August 2019. Stratified multistage sampling was used to select 144 patients diagnosed with hepatitis C. The WHOQOL-BREF Scale, Stigma Impact Scale (SIS), Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory, Second Edition (BAI) were used to collect the data. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of covariates on stigma and quality of life. The Stata 16 software was used to analyze the data at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean perceived stigma was 66.805 ± 1.291 with social rejection and social isolation achieving the highest scores (23.409 ± 0.551, 20.208 ± 0.437). In the multivariate regression model, depression (B=0.7, 95%; CI: 0.5, 0.89) and anxiety (B=0.21, 95%; CI: 0.02, 0.41) had direct significant associations with stigma independent of age, sex, marital status, and occupation. Depression (B=-0.27, 95%; CI:-0.47, -0.07), anxiety (B=-0.33, 95%; CI: -0.5, -0.16), and stigma (B=-0.41, 95%; CI: -0.56, -0.26) were inversely associated with patients’ quality of life. Conclusion: This study found a high perceived stigma score among HCV patients. Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with stigma. The quality of life of HCV patients were inversely associated with depression, anxiety, and stigma scores.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126725509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javad Vatani, S. Yousefzadeh, Shiva Mohammadjani Kumeleh, F. Mehrabian, A. Davoudi-kiakalayeh
Background: An accident is an unforeseen occurrence that happens in all organs, including medical centers, due to unsafe conditions and practices which cause damage and sometimes irreparable injuries. Establishing safety system in the medical center seek to prevent harm to both patients and health care professionals. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess safety status in a medical center before and after implementing standard safety system. Materials & Methods: This case-study was carried out among the staff of a hospital in Guilan province, Iran in 2018-2019. The information was collected through observation and interview with staff and checking the observance of instructions and safety tips. Then, the possibility of needle stick injury was identified by calculating accident indices. human errors were assessed using risk assessment using Systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (SHERPA). Results: A total of 9 departments of a selected hospital were studied and the accident and human errors were identified. The recurrence rate of the accident in 2019 compared to 2018 had a decreasing rate from 11.36 to 4.09 (safe_T_score=-3.14). Risk assessment using SHERPA method in the gynecology ward revealed 4 important types of errors in this department. Conclusion: There was considerable reduction in frequency and severity of needle stick injuries after establishment of safety system in the hospital. The SHERPA method, detailed the task errors and specific remedial measure to correct the task. The results of this study can be helpful for medical staff, managers, employers, and safety experts in identifying and preventing the causes of the accident.
{"title":"Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Safety Status in a Medical Centre: Experience from Implementing Standard Safety System","authors":"Javad Vatani, S. Yousefzadeh, Shiva Mohammadjani Kumeleh, F. Mehrabian, A. Davoudi-kiakalayeh","doi":"10.32598/cjhr.7.3.195.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.7.3.195.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An accident is an unforeseen occurrence that happens in all organs, including medical centers, due to unsafe conditions and practices which cause damage and sometimes irreparable injuries. Establishing safety system in the medical center seek to prevent harm to both patients and health care professionals. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess safety status in a medical center before and after implementing standard safety system. Materials & Methods: This case-study was carried out among the staff of a hospital in Guilan province, Iran in 2018-2019. The information was collected through observation and interview with staff and checking the observance of instructions and safety tips. Then, the possibility of needle stick injury was identified by calculating accident indices. human errors were assessed using risk assessment using Systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (SHERPA). Results: A total of 9 departments of a selected hospital were studied and the accident and human errors were identified. The recurrence rate of the accident in 2019 compared to 2018 had a decreasing rate from 11.36 to 4.09 (safe_T_score=-3.14). Risk assessment using SHERPA method in the gynecology ward revealed 4 important types of errors in this department. Conclusion: There was considerable reduction in frequency and severity of needle stick injuries after establishment of safety system in the hospital. The SHERPA method, detailed the task errors and specific remedial measure to correct the task. The results of this study can be helpful for medical staff, managers, employers, and safety experts in identifying and preventing the causes of the accident.","PeriodicalId":112656,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Health Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133899209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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