The author describes an array-fed dual imaging reflector antenna at 36 GHz. The antenna system comprises a large parabolic main reflector fed from a small linear phased array via a confocal Gregorian subreflector. The phased array is magnified by the two reflectors and an image of the near field of the phased array is formed on the aperture of the reflector. The scanning capability of the antenna system is demonstrated. Typical antenna patterns computed for a 100- lambda diameter main reflector operating at 36 GHz are shown.<>
{"title":"An array fed dual reflector antenna at 36 GHz","authors":"A. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.135029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.135029","url":null,"abstract":"The author describes an array-fed dual imaging reflector antenna at 36 GHz. The antenna system comprises a large parabolic main reflector fed from a small linear phased array via a confocal Gregorian subreflector. The phased array is magnified by the two reflectors and an image of the near field of the phased array is formed on the aperture of the reflector. The scanning capability of the antenna system is demonstrated. Typical antenna patterns computed for a 100- lambda diameter main reflector operating at 36 GHz are shown.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88000806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel method based on the geodesic constant has been developed for surface ray tracing on an ogive. The surface ray geometric parameters required in the high-frequency EM (electromagnetic) calculations are obtained in explicit analytical form. The ogive is treated as a coordinate surface of the bispherical coordinate system which is a geodesic coordinate system. All the ray geometric parameters are obtained in one-parameter form in terms of the first geodesic constant h. These ray parameters can be used in antenna radiation pattern, mutual coupling, and radar cross section calculations.<>
{"title":"Closed form surface ray tracing on ogival surfaces","authors":"R. Jha, S. Bokhari, V. Sudhakar, P. Mahapatra","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134948","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method based on the geodesic constant has been developed for surface ray tracing on an ogive. The surface ray geometric parameters required in the high-frequency EM (electromagnetic) calculations are obtained in explicit analytical form. The ogive is treated as a coordinate surface of the bispherical coordinate system which is a geodesic coordinate system. All the ray geometric parameters are obtained in one-parameter form in terms of the first geodesic constant h. These ray parameters can be used in antenna radiation pattern, mutual coupling, and radar cross section calculations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85717164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The feed model of J.T. Aberle and D.M. Pozar (1988) is used to determine the radiation and scattering properties of isolated probe-fed circular patches terminated in arbitrary load impedances. The rigorous probe feed modeling makes it possible to accurately include the antenna mode component of scattering. The calculated and measured reflection coefficients at the input of an isolated probe-fed circular patch are shown, and the agreement between theory and experiment is quite good. The calculated monostatic radar cross section of an isolated probe-fed circular patch is shown for three different load impedances (open, 50 Omega , and short).<>
{"title":"Radiation and scattering from circular microstrip patches","authors":"J. Aberle, D. Pozar","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134714","url":null,"abstract":"The feed model of J.T. Aberle and D.M. Pozar (1988) is used to determine the radiation and scattering properties of isolated probe-fed circular patches terminated in arbitrary load impedances. The rigorous probe feed modeling makes it possible to accurately include the antenna mode component of scattering. The calculated and measured reflection coefficients at the input of an isolated probe-fed circular patch are shown, and the agreement between theory and experiment is quite good. The calculated monostatic radar cross section of an isolated probe-fed circular patch is shown for three different load impedances (open, 50 Omega , and short).<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86846376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary form only given. Work on imaging arrays and oscillator grids is discussed. The goal of the work on imaging arrays is to make a millimeter-wave television camera that would allow one to see through fog and smoke. For this, two-dimensional monolithic focal-plane arrays for 90 and 240 GHz have been developed. These consist of pyramidal horns that are chemically etched in a silicon wafer and a thin-film metal probe dipole suspended on a 1- mu m-thick layer of silicon oxynitride. With room-temperature Schottky-diode detectors, this array would be suitable for terrestrial all-weather imaging. The idea of the oscillator-grid work is to combine the output power of a large number of solid-state devices in a single plane wave. This would allow one to make compact high-power solid-state millimeter-wave radar and communications transmitters. The approach is to place a periodic grid loaded with FETs inside a Fabry-Perot resonator.<>
{"title":"Frontiers in antenna applications","authors":"D. Rutledge","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134912","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Work on imaging arrays and oscillator grids is discussed. The goal of the work on imaging arrays is to make a millimeter-wave television camera that would allow one to see through fog and smoke. For this, two-dimensional monolithic focal-plane arrays for 90 and 240 GHz have been developed. These consist of pyramidal horns that are chemically etched in a silicon wafer and a thin-film metal probe dipole suspended on a 1- mu m-thick layer of silicon oxynitride. With room-temperature Schottky-diode detectors, this array would be suitable for terrestrial all-weather imaging. The idea of the oscillator-grid work is to combine the output power of a large number of solid-state devices in a single plane wave. This would allow one to make compact high-power solid-state millimeter-wave radar and communications transmitters. The approach is to place a periodic grid loaded with FETs inside a Fabry-Perot resonator.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86297930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The abstract approach of C.G. Montgomery, R.H. Dicke, and E.M. Purcell (Principles of Microwave Circuits. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1948) and W.K. Kahn and H. Kurss (IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol.AP-13, p.671-5, Sept. 1965) is used to develop a theory to define a vehicle-mounted minimum-scattering antenna. Such an antenna is minimum-scattering in the sense that the scattering perturbation of the vehicle contains no more power than the power absorbed by the antenna. Scattering due to such an antenna will conform to the antenna radiation pattern. Such antennas, defined by their radiation patterns, exist for general reciprocal vehicles.<>
{"title":"The vehicular minimum scattering antenna","authors":"V. Tripp","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134791","url":null,"abstract":"The abstract approach of C.G. Montgomery, R.H. Dicke, and E.M. Purcell (Principles of Microwave Circuits. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1948) and W.K. Kahn and H. Kurss (IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol.AP-13, p.671-5, Sept. 1965) is used to develop a theory to define a vehicle-mounted minimum-scattering antenna. Such an antenna is minimum-scattering in the sense that the scattering perturbation of the vehicle contains no more power than the power absorbed by the antenna. Scattering due to such an antenna will conform to the antenna radiation pattern. Such antennas, defined by their radiation patterns, exist for general reciprocal vehicles.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87525835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of frequency, angular, and polarization diversity approaches in a close near-field microwave imaging system is investigated theoretically. A two-dimensional close near-field microwave imaging system is used to illustrate the theoretical considerations. Numerical results for a perfectly conducting cylinder with a radius of 15 cm in a backward scattering arrangement using frequency and angular diversity techniques are shown.<>
{"title":"Microwave diversity imaging of perfectly conducting object in the close near-field region","authors":"T. Chu, D. Lin, Y. Kiang","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134617","url":null,"abstract":"The use of frequency, angular, and polarization diversity approaches in a close near-field microwave imaging system is investigated theoretically. A two-dimensional close near-field microwave imaging system is used to illustrate the theoretical considerations. Numerical results for a perfectly conducting cylinder with a radius of 15 cm in a backward scattering arrangement using frequency and angular diversity techniques are shown.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76164335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors propose a novel interference cancellation technique called IPMM (in-band power minimizing method) and describe its performance characteristics from theoretical and experimental viewpoints. The technique is based on controlling the complex weight signal to minimize the output signal power. A more than 25-dB cancellation was obtained for actual terrestrial microwave signals. The interference signal entering a 1.2-m small earth station antenna from an 11-GHz-band terrestrial microwave link was cancelled using a small horn antenna. It is concluded that this technique is feasible and suitable for practical earth stations.<>
{"title":"An interference cancellation technique for satellite communication earth stations","authors":"K. Minamisono, Fumio Watanabe, N. Baba","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.135048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.135048","url":null,"abstract":"The authors propose a novel interference cancellation technique called IPMM (in-band power minimizing method) and describe its performance characteristics from theoretical and experimental viewpoints. The technique is based on controlling the complex weight signal to minimize the output signal power. A more than 25-dB cancellation was obtained for actual terrestrial microwave signals. The interference signal entering a 1.2-m small earth station antenna from an 11-GHz-band terrestrial microwave link was cancelled using a small horn antenna. It is concluded that this technique is feasible and suitable for practical earth stations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80098555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A steerable phased array antenna developed for satellite communications is now being testing on a Boeing 747 cargo jet that has transoceanic flight route between Narita and Anchorage. The antenna can track the satellite by electrical beam scanning within +or-60 degrees with respect to the axis of the aircraft. The experimental results show that the antenna has tracking errors between receiving and transmitting frequencies. Experimental results and a theoretical analysis of the tracking error are given, and a method to eliminate this effect is proposed. It is suggested that the adoption of frequency-dependent phase shifters can completely eliminate the beam tracking errors between transmitting and receiving frequencies.<>
{"title":"Tracking error of phased array antenna","authors":"S. Ohmori, S. Taira, M. Austin","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134925","url":null,"abstract":"A steerable phased array antenna developed for satellite communications is now being testing on a Boeing 747 cargo jet that has transoceanic flight route between Narita and Anchorage. The antenna can track the satellite by electrical beam scanning within +or-60 degrees with respect to the axis of the aircraft. The experimental results show that the antenna has tracking errors between receiving and transmitting frequencies. Experimental results and a theoretical analysis of the tracking error are given, and a method to eliminate this effect is proposed. It is suggested that the adoption of frequency-dependent phase shifters can completely eliminate the beam tracking errors between transmitting and receiving frequencies.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76446670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feed structures using electromagnetic coupling for microstrip antennas have been proposed and investigated because of their ease of fabrication and integration with active devices. Aperture-coupled, slot-fed, coplanar waveguide-fed, and slot line-fed microstrip antennas are categorized as electromagnetically excited microstrip antennas. Since the slot is common to these electromagnetically excited microstrip antennas, its applications to circular polarization (CP) operation are studied. Using simple design formulas for an arbitrarily oriented slot-fed microstrip antenna, the CP performances for the first three types of electromagnetically excited microstrip antennas are investigated and tested experimentally. The measured CP radiation patterns and the feed structures are shown for the slot-fed, coplanar waveguide-fed, and aperture-coupled cases at about 2.7 GHz. As can be seen from the CP radiation pattern plots, the best CP is obtained for the slot-fed case because the theory was developed for this geometry. However, for the coplanar waveguide-fed case and the aperture-coupled case, the axial ratios are still below 3 dB for some range of observation angle.<>
利用电磁耦合的微带天线馈电结构由于易于制造和与有源器件集成而被提出和研究。孔径耦合、槽馈电、共面波导馈电和槽线馈电微带天线被归类为电磁激励微带天线。由于这些电磁激励微带天线的缝隙是共同的，因此研究了它在圆极化(CP)工作中的应用。利用简单的任意定向缝隙馈电微带天线设计公式，对前三种类型的电磁激励微带天线的CP性能进行了研究和实验测试。在2.7 GHz左右，给出了槽馈电、共面波导馈电和孔径耦合情况下的CP辐射图和馈电结构。从CP辐射图中可以看出，由于该理论是针对这种几何形状发展的，因此槽馈情况下获得了最佳CP。然而，对于共面波导馈电情况和孔径耦合情况，在一定的观测角度范围内，轴向比仍然低于3 dB
{"title":"Theory and experiment of electromagnetically excited microstrip antennas for circular polarization operation","authors":"M. I. Aksun, S. Chuang, Y. Lo","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134905","url":null,"abstract":"Feed structures using electromagnetic coupling for microstrip antennas have been proposed and investigated because of their ease of fabrication and integration with active devices. Aperture-coupled, slot-fed, coplanar waveguide-fed, and slot line-fed microstrip antennas are categorized as electromagnetically excited microstrip antennas. Since the slot is common to these electromagnetically excited microstrip antennas, its applications to circular polarization (CP) operation are studied. Using simple design formulas for an arbitrarily oriented slot-fed microstrip antenna, the CP performances for the first three types of electromagnetically excited microstrip antennas are investigated and tested experimentally. The measured CP radiation patterns and the feed structures are shown for the slot-fed, coplanar waveguide-fed, and aperture-coupled cases at about 2.7 GHz. As can be seen from the CP radiation pattern plots, the best CP is obtained for the slot-fed case because the theory was developed for this geometry. However, for the coplanar waveguide-fed case and the aperture-coupled case, the axial ratios are still below 3 dB for some range of observation angle.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76537697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The author considers the problem of how to tune a probe in a rectangular waveguide. The tuning will be accomplished by surrounding the rectangular waveguide probe with a metallic sleeve. This problem is treated by a method-of-moments formulation generalized to include the presence of the metallic sleeve currents. The normalized input impedance that results from the antenna system under consideration when metallic sleeves of different dimension and position are placed in the rectangular waveguide is shown. The numerical results obtained suggest that a metallic sleeve can be used to tune the input impedance of a probe-fed rectangular waveguide.<>
{"title":"Analysis of a probe-metallic sleeve feed system for a rectangular waveguide","authors":"J. Jarem","doi":"10.1109/APS.1989.134852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1989.134852","url":null,"abstract":"The author considers the problem of how to tune a probe in a rectangular waveguide. The tuning will be accomplished by surrounding the rectangular waveguide probe with a metallic sleeve. This problem is treated by a method-of-moments formulation generalized to include the presence of the metallic sleeve currents. The normalized input impedance that results from the antenna system under consideration when metallic sleeves of different dimension and position are placed in the rectangular waveguide is shown. The numerical results obtained suggest that a metallic sleeve can be used to tune the input impedance of a probe-fed rectangular waveguide.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":11330,"journal":{"name":"Digest on Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88489191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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