Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.11.548619
Yihan Wang, Qian-Quan Sun
Persistence reinforces continuous action, which benefits animals in many aspects. Diverse information may trigger animals to start a persistent movement. However, it is unclear how the brain decides to persist with current actions by selecting specific information. Using single-unit extracellular recordings and opto-tagging in awake mice, we demonstrated that a group of dorsal mPFC (dmPFC) motor cortex projecting (MP) neurons initiate a persistent movement selectively encoding contextual information rather than natural valence. Inactivation of dmPFC MP neurons impairs the initiation and reduces neuronal activity in the insular and motor cortex. Finally, a computational model suggests that a successive sensory stimulus acts as an input signal for the dmPFC MP neurons to initiate a persistent movement. These results reveal a neural initiation mechanism on the persistent movement.
{"title":"A prefrontal motor circuit initiates persistent movement.","authors":"Yihan Wang, Qian-Quan Sun","doi":"10.1101/2023.07.11.548619","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.07.11.548619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persistence reinforces continuous action, which benefits animals in many aspects. Diverse information may trigger animals to start a persistent movement. However, it is unclear how the brain decides to persist with current actions by selecting specific information. Using single-unit extracellular recordings and opto-tagging in awake mice, we demonstrated that a group of dorsal mPFC (dmPFC) motor cortex projecting (MP) neurons initiate a persistent movement selectively encoding contextual information rather than natural valence. Inactivation of dmPFC MP neurons impairs the initiation and reduces neuronal activity in the insular and motor cortex. Finally, a computational model suggests that a successive sensory stimulus acts as an input signal for the dmPFC MP neurons to initiate a persistent movement. These results reveal a neural initiation mechanism on the persistent movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10996565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80244952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-07-14DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04058-9
Anka Sharma, Arpita Rai, Vikrant O Kasat
Neurofibroma is a benign tumor of the peripheral nervous system affecting Schwann cells as well as neural sheath cells. It is usually considered as a component of Von Recklinghausen's disease, but solitary lesions have also been reported, though not very frequently. It is mostly reported on the skin. In the head and neck region, trigeminal nerve and the cervical nerves are frequently affected; in the oral cavity, tongue is the most commonly affected site. Intra-osseous neurofibromas of the oral cavity are extremely rare and only 22 cases have been reported in the last two decades. The present review is an attempt to know if there is any clinical or radiological feature that can assist in the diagnosis of solitary intra-osseous neurofibroma of the jaws? The literature was reviewed from 01.01.2000 to 05.06.2022 exclusively for case reports, case series, and reviews using the keywords: neurofibroma; neurinoma, maxilla; mandible; jaws, single; solitary; one. Search engines: PubMed Central, Lilac, and Science Direct were used by applying the Boolean operator "OR" and "AND". The review has been submitted for registration in PROSPERO (receipt 340775).
{"title":"Clinical, Radiographic, and Tumor Characteristics of Solitary Intra-Osseous Neurofibroma of Jaws- A Systematic Review.","authors":"Anka Sharma, Arpita Rai, Vikrant O Kasat","doi":"10.1007/s12070-023-04058-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-023-04058-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurofibroma is a benign tumor of the peripheral nervous system affecting Schwann cells as well as neural sheath cells. It is usually considered as a component of Von Recklinghausen's disease, but solitary lesions have also been reported, though not very frequently. It is mostly reported on the skin. In the head and neck region, trigeminal nerve and the cervical nerves are frequently affected; in the oral cavity, tongue is the most commonly affected site. Intra-osseous neurofibromas of the oral cavity are extremely rare and only 22 cases have been reported in the last two decades. The present review is an attempt to know if there is any clinical or radiological feature that can assist in the diagnosis of solitary intra-osseous neurofibroma of the jaws? The literature was reviewed from 01.01.2000 to 05.06.2022 exclusively for case reports, case series, and reviews using the keywords: neurofibroma; neurinoma, maxilla; mandible; jaws, single; solitary; one. Search engines: PubMed Central, Lilac, and Science Direct were used by applying the Boolean operator \"OR\" and \"AND\". The review has been submitted for registration in PROSPERO (receipt 340775).</p>","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"65 1","pages":"3645-3651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10645792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79971782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weltweit sind heute mehr Frauen als Männer von einer demenziellen Erkrankung betroffen. Auf der Suche nach möglichen Risikofaktoren auf Seiten des weiblichen Geschlechts haben Pourhadi et al. daher nun die Auswirkungen einer Hormontherapie (HT) während der Wechseljahre untersucht und kommen in ihrer nationalen Fall-Kontroll-Studie zu einem überraschenden Ergebnis.
{"title":"Demenz: Erhöhtes Risiko durch Hormontherapie in den Wechseljahren?","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2125-4658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2125-4658","url":null,"abstract":"Weltweit sind heute mehr Frauen als Männer von einer demenziellen Erkrankung betroffen. Auf der Suche nach möglichen Risikofaktoren auf Seiten des weiblichen Geschlechts haben Pourhadi et al. daher nun die Auswirkungen einer Hormontherapie (HT) während der Wechseljahre untersucht und kommen in ihrer nationalen Fall-Kontroll-Studie zu einem überraschenden Ergebnis.","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"17 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obgleich eine geschätzte glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (eGFR) von unter 60ml/min/1,73m2 über mindestens 90 Tage als Hinweis für den Beginn einer Nierenerkrankung gilt, sind etwaige altersabhängige Zusammenhänge zwischen geringfügigen Einschränkungen der Nierenfunktion und dem Risiko für unerwünschte Ereignisse bis heute immer noch unklar. Hussain et al. wollten daher eine Lücke schließen und haben eine entsprechende Kohortenstudie initiiert.
虽然一个估计glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (eGFR)的下面,60ml / min / 1,73m2至少90天为参考,标志着Nierenerkrankung应是任何altersabhängige略微限制之间的联系的不同和受欢迎的风险事件至今仍不清楚.然后Hussain就应该完成一个缺德，然后开始做这样的研究。
{"title":"Nephrologie: Leichte eGFR-Reduktion als Risikofaktor bei jungen Erwachsenen?","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2125-4615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2125-4615","url":null,"abstract":"Obgleich eine geschätzte glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (eGFR) von unter 60ml/min/1,73m2 über mindestens 90 Tage als Hinweis für den Beginn einer Nierenerkrankung gilt, sind etwaige altersabhängige Zusammenhänge zwischen geringfügigen Einschränkungen der Nierenfunktion und dem Risiko für unerwünschte Ereignisse bis heute immer noch unklar. Hussain et al. wollten daher eine Lücke schließen und haben eine entsprechende Kohortenstudie initiiert.","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"17 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Die lebenslange regelmäßige intravenöse Substitution des Gerinnungsfaktors IX ist die bisher einzige Therapieoption bei der Hämophilie B, einer seltenen, nur bei Männern manifesten Erkrankung, bei der es durch den Faktor-IX-Mangel unter anderem zu spontanen Muskel- und Gelenkeinblutungen kommt. Eine innovative Gentherapie könnte der „Gamechanger“ bei der Erkrankung sein, wie eine aktuelle Phase-3-Studie zeigte.
{"title":"Gentherapie für Patienten mit Hämophilie B ist Faktor-IX-Gabe überlegen","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2043-7504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2043-7504","url":null,"abstract":"Die lebenslange regelmäßige intravenöse Substitution des Gerinnungsfaktors IX ist die bisher einzige Therapieoption bei der Hämophilie B, einer seltenen, nur bei Männern manifesten Erkrankung, bei der es durch den Faktor-IX-Mangel unter anderem zu spontanen Muskel- und Gelenkeinblutungen kommt. Eine innovative Gentherapie könnte der „Gamechanger“ bei der Erkrankung sein, wie eine aktuelle Phase-3-Studie zeigte.","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"112 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
慢性肾病患者的药物处方:一项横断面研究
{"title":"Bei Lungenkrankheiten schlagen Radiologen die KI","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-1986-2599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1986-2599","url":null,"abstract":"Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"111 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicht alle während der Coronapandemie mit SARS-CoV-2 infizierten Menschen entwickelten schwere Verläufe bis hin zum Tod oder mussten im Krankenhaus behandelt werden. Hippisley-Cox et al. haben daher auf Basis von nationalen Daten mit Erhebung während der Omicron-Welle in England einen Algorithmus zur Prognose von Tod und Hospitalisation entwickelt und berücksichtigten dabei vor allem die Anzahl stattgehabter COVID-19-Impfungen.
{"title":"Covid-19: Algorithmus zur Risikoprognose während der Omicron-Welle","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2125-4539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2125-4539","url":null,"abstract":"Nicht alle während der Coronapandemie mit SARS-CoV-2 infizierten Menschen entwickelten schwere Verläufe bis hin zum Tod oder mussten im Krankenhaus behandelt werden. Hippisley-Cox et al. haben daher auf Basis von nationalen Daten mit Erhebung während der Omicron-Welle in England einen Algorithmus zur Prognose von Tod und Hospitalisation entwickelt und berücksichtigten dabei vor allem die Anzahl stattgehabter COVID-19-Impfungen.","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"19 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
慢性肾病患者的药物处方:一项横断面研究
{"title":"Suizidrisiko bei medizinischem Personal","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-1986-2641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1986-2641","url":null,"abstract":"Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"392 1-6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135566226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahlreiche Studien belegten den präventiven Nutzen von Sport bei kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen. Die Weltgesundheitsorganisation empfiehlt wöchentlich ≥150 Minuten moderate bis starke körperliche Aktivität (MVPA). Die prospektive Studie mit 89573 Teilnehmenden zeigt, dass es dabei nicht auf die absolvierten Einheiten, sondern auf die Gesamtleistung ankommt.
{"title":"Auch „Weekend Warriors“ reduzieren ihr kardiovaskuläres Risiko","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2150-9404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2150-9404","url":null,"abstract":"Zahlreiche Studien belegten den präventiven Nutzen von Sport bei kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen. Die Weltgesundheitsorganisation empfiehlt wöchentlich ≥150 Minuten moderate bis starke körperliche Aktivität (MVPA). Die prospektive Studie mit 89573 Teilnehmenden zeigt, dass es dabei nicht auf die absolvierten Einheiten, sondern auf die Gesamtleistung ankommt.","PeriodicalId":11370,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"15 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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