P. Faist, M. P. Woods, Victor V. Albert, J. Renes, J. Eisert, J. Preskill
Detection of weak forces and precise measurement of time are two of the many applications of quantum metrology to science and technology. We consider a quantum system initialized in a pure state and whose evolution is goverened by a Hamiltonian $H$; a measurement can later estimate the time $t$ for which the system has evolved. In this work, we introduce and study a fundamental trade-off which relates the amount by which noise reduces the accuracy of a quantum clock to the amount of information about the energy of the clock that leaks to the environment. Specifically, we consider an idealized scenario in which Alice prepares an initial pure state of the clock, allows the clock to evolve for a time $t$ that is not precisely known, and then transmits the clock through a noisy channel to Bob. The environment (Eve) receives any information that is lost. We prove that Bob's loss of quantum Fisher information (QFI) about $t$ is equal to Eve's gain of QFI about a complementary energy parameter. We also prove a more general trade-off that applies when Bob and Eve wish to estimate the values of parameters associated with two non-commuting observables. We derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the accuracy of the clock to be unaffected by the noise. These are a subset of the Knill-Laflamme error-correction conditions; states satisfying these conditions are said to form a metrological code. We provide a scheme to construct metrological codes in the stabilizer formalism. We show that there are metrological codes that cannot be written as a quantum error-correcting code with similar distance in which the Hamiltonian acts as a logical operator, potentially offering new schemes for constructing states that do not lose any sensitivity upon application of a noisy channel. We discuss applications of our results to sensing using a many-body state subject to erasure or amplitude-damping noise.
{"title":"Time-energy uncertainty relation for noisy quantum metrology","authors":"P. Faist, M. P. Woods, Victor V. Albert, J. Renes, J. Eisert, J. Preskill","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.w2a.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.w2a.3","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of weak forces and precise measurement of time are two of the many applications of quantum metrology to science and technology. We consider a quantum system initialized in a pure state and whose evolution is goverened by a Hamiltonian $H$; a measurement can later estimate the time $t$ for which the system has evolved. In this work, we introduce and study a fundamental trade-off which relates the amount by which noise reduces the accuracy of a quantum clock to the amount of information about the energy of the clock that leaks to the environment. Specifically, we consider an idealized scenario in which Alice prepares an initial pure state of the clock, allows the clock to evolve for a time $t$ that is not precisely known, and then transmits the clock through a noisy channel to Bob. The environment (Eve) receives any information that is lost. We prove that Bob's loss of quantum Fisher information (QFI) about $t$ is equal to Eve's gain of QFI about a complementary energy parameter. We also prove a more general trade-off that applies when Bob and Eve wish to estimate the values of parameters associated with two non-commuting observables. We derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the accuracy of the clock to be unaffected by the noise. These are a subset of the Knill-Laflamme error-correction conditions; states satisfying these conditions are said to form a metrological code. We provide a scheme to construct metrological codes in the stabilizer formalism. We show that there are metrological codes that cannot be written as a quantum error-correcting code with similar distance in which the Hamiltonian acts as a logical operator, potentially offering new schemes for constructing states that do not lose any sensitivity upon application of a noisy channel. We discuss applications of our results to sensing using a many-body state subject to erasure or amplitude-damping noise.","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130864451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Francesconi, A. Raymond, N. Fabre, A. Lemaître, P. Milman, M. Amanti, F. Baboux, S. Ducci
{"title":"Anyonic two-photon statistics and hybrid entanglement with a semiconductor chip","authors":"S. Francesconi, A. Raymond, N. Fabre, A. Lemaître, P. Milman, M. Amanti, F. Baboux, S. Ducci","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.f2b.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.f2b.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"6 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133650608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.106.L040402
Shubhayan Sarkar, D. Saha, R. Augusiak
In this letter we consider the problem of certification of quantum measurements with an arbitrary number of outcomes. We propose a simple scheme for certifying any set of d -outcome projective measurements which do not share any common invariant proper subspace, termed here genuinely incompatible, and the maximally entangled state of two qudits. For our purpose, we focus on a simpler scenario, termed as one-sided device-independent scenario where the resource employed for certification is quantum steering. We also study robustness of our self-testing statements for a certain class of genuinely incompatible measurements including mutually unbiased bases which are essential for several quantum information-theoretic tasks such as quantum cryptography.
{"title":"Certification of incompatible measurements using quantum steering","authors":"Shubhayan Sarkar, D. Saha, R. Augusiak","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevA.106.L040402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.106.L040402","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter we consider the problem of certification of quantum measurements with an arbitrary number of outcomes. We propose a simple scheme for certifying any set of d -outcome projective measurements which do not share any common invariant proper subspace, termed here genuinely incompatible, and the maximally entangled state of two qudits. For our purpose, we focus on a simpler scenario, termed as one-sided device-independent scenario where the resource employed for certification is quantum steering. We also study robustness of our self-testing statements for a certain class of genuinely incompatible measurements including mutually unbiased bases which are essential for several quantum information-theoretic tasks such as quantum cryptography.","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122389630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We derive fundamental bounds on the maximal achievable precision in multiparameter noisy quantum channel estimation, valid under the most general entanglement-assisted adaptive strategy, which are tighter than the bounds obtained by a direct use of single-parameter bounds. This allows us to study the issue of the optimal probe incompatibility in the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters in generic noisy channels, while so far the issue has been studied mostly in effectively noiseless scenarios (where the Heisenberg scaling is possible). We apply our results to the estimation of both unitary and noise parameters, and indicate models where the fundamental probe incompatibility is present. In particular, we show that in lossy multiple arm interferometry the probe incompatibility is as strong as in the noiseless scenario. Finally, going beyond the multiple-parameter estimation paradigm, we introduce the concept of emph{random quantum sensing} and show how the tools developed may be applied to multiple channels discrimination problems. As an illustration, we provide a simple proof of the loss of the quadratic advantage of time-continuous Grover algorithm in presence of dephasing or erasure noise.
{"title":"Probe Incompatibility in Multiparameter Noisy Quantum Channel Estimation","authors":"F. Albarelli, R. Demkowicz-Dobrzański","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.w2a.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.w2a.1","url":null,"abstract":"We derive fundamental bounds on the maximal achievable precision in multiparameter noisy quantum channel estimation, valid under the most general entanglement-assisted adaptive strategy, which are tighter than the bounds obtained by a direct use of single-parameter bounds. This allows us to study the issue of the optimal probe incompatibility in the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters in generic noisy channels, while so far the issue has been studied mostly in effectively noiseless scenarios (where the Heisenberg scaling is possible). We apply our results to the estimation of both unitary and noise parameters, and indicate models where the fundamental probe incompatibility is present. In particular, we show that in lossy multiple arm interferometry the probe incompatibility is as strong as in the noiseless scenario. Finally, going beyond the multiple-parameter estimation paradigm, we introduce the concept of emph{random quantum sensing} and show how the tools developed may be applied to multiple channels discrimination problems. As an illustration, we provide a simple proof of the loss of the quadratic advantage of time-continuous Grover algorithm in presence of dephasing or erasure noise.","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127101962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-20DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.012427
P. Drummond, B. Opanchuk, A. Dellios, M. Reid
Phase-space representations are vital in simulating exponentially complex quantum systems. Here these are demonstrated for Gaussian quantum states in a photonic network. We show that output counts can be efficiently simulated, providing a means for verifying Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) quantum computers. Our numerical results generally agree with recent 100 channel experimental data, giving evidence for additional decoherence. We also show how to simulate genuine multipartite entanglement.
{"title":"Simulating complex networks in phase space: Gaussian boson sampling","authors":"P. Drummond, B. Opanchuk, A. Dellios, M. Reid","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevA.105.012427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.105.012427","url":null,"abstract":"Phase-space representations are vital in simulating exponentially complex quantum systems. Here these are demonstrated for Gaussian quantum states in a photonic network. We show that output counts can be efficiently simulated, providing a means for verifying Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) quantum computers. Our numerical results generally agree with recent 100 channel experimental data, giving evidence for additional decoherence. We also show how to simulate genuine multipartite entanglement.","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126840932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose a new paradigm for quantum simulation of spin-1/2 arrays, providing unprecedented flexibility and allowing one to explore domains that remain unexplored, based on laser-trapped circular Rydberg atoms. The long intrinsic atomic lifetimes, combined with the inhibition of their microwave spontaneous emission and their negligible photoionisation, make operation in the minute range realistic. The proposed simulator realizes an XXZ spin-1/2 Hamiltonian, with nearest-neighbour couplings ranging from a few to tens of kilohertz. All the model parameters can be dynamically tuned at will, making a large range of simulations accessible. Thus, the system evolution can be followed long enough to be relevant for ground-state adiabatic preparation and for the study of thermalization and disorder. In this thesis, as a first step towards the implementation of this quantum simulation scheme, we (i) demonstrate the preparation of cold circular Rydberg states in a 4,2 K cryogenic environment with optical access out of a cold atom cloud. Their lifetime reveals an effective microwave black-body temperature of 11±2 K. We (ii) assess the single qubit coherence time (268±5 μs) and lifetime (3,7±0,1 ms), and, finally, we (iii) demonstrate the laser trapping of circular Rydberg atoms to prove their negligible photoionisation at the timescale of 10 ms.
{"title":"Preparation and Laser Trapping of Cold Circular Rydberg Atoms for Quantum Simulation","authors":"R. Cortiñas","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.th2b.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.th2b.2","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new paradigm for quantum simulation of spin-1/2 arrays, providing unprecedented flexibility and allowing one to explore domains that remain unexplored, based on laser-trapped circular Rydberg atoms. The long intrinsic atomic lifetimes, combined with the inhibition of their microwave spontaneous emission and their negligible photoionisation, make operation in the minute range realistic. The proposed simulator realizes an XXZ spin-1/2 Hamiltonian, with nearest-neighbour couplings ranging from a few to tens of kilohertz. All the model parameters can be dynamically tuned at will, making a large range of simulations accessible. Thus, the system evolution can be followed long enough to be relevant for ground-state adiabatic preparation and for the study of thermalization and disorder. In this thesis, as a first step towards the implementation of this quantum simulation scheme, we (i) demonstrate the preparation of cold circular Rydberg states in a 4,2 K cryogenic environment with optical access out of a cold atom cloud. Their lifetime reveals an effective microwave black-body temperature of 11±2 K. We (ii) assess the single qubit coherence time (268±5 μs) and lifetime (3,7±0,1 ms), and, finally, we (iii) demonstrate the laser trapping of circular Rydberg atoms to prove their negligible photoionisation at the timescale of 10 ms.","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127242592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of the Cirel'son bound using uncertainty limited joint measurement of photon polarization","authors":"Kengo Matsuyama, H. Hofmann, M. Iinuma","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.w2a.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.w2a.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115426910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Lombardi, R. Emadi, R. Duquennoy, Ghulam Murtaza, M. Colautti, C. Toninelli
{"title":"Organic Dye Molecules as Single Photon Sources for Optical Quantum Technologies","authors":"P. Lombardi, R. Emadi, R. Duquennoy, Ghulam Murtaza, M. Colautti, C. Toninelli","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.tu2b.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.tu2b.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115741478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Poderini, E. Polino, G. Rodari, Alessia Suprano, F. Sciarrino, R. Chaves
{"title":"Ab-initio Automated Optimization of Nonlocality in Photonic Quantum States","authors":"D. Poderini, E. Polino, G. Rodari, Alessia Suprano, F. Sciarrino, R. Chaves","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.th2c.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.th2c.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124982013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessia Suprano, Danilo Zia, E. Polino, Taira Giordani, L. Innocenti, A. Ferraro, M. Paternostro, N. Spagnolo, F. Sciarrino
{"title":"Real-time optimization of quantum state engineering protocol","authors":"Alessia Suprano, Danilo Zia, E. Polino, Taira Giordani, L. Innocenti, A. Ferraro, M. Paternostro, N. Spagnolo, F. Sciarrino","doi":"10.1364/qim.2021.f2c.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/qim.2021.f2c.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113784,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information and Measurement VI 2021","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114440407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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