Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577253
A. Angrisano, S. Gaglione, C. Gioia, D. Borio, J. Fortuny-Guasch
The European GNSS, Galileo, is currently in its In-Orbit Validation (IOV) phase where four satellites are finally available for computing the user position. In this phase, the analysis of the measurements obtained from the IOV satellites can provide insight on the performance and potentialities of the Galileo system. In this paper, a methodology based on the use of precise orbits and ionospheric corrections is suggested for the analysis of the Galileo IOV pseudorange and pseudorange rate errors. Several hours of data were collected using a Septentrio PolarRxS receiver and used to determine figures of merits such as RMS and maximum errors of the Galileo observables. From the analysis it emerges that Galileo measurements have accuracies comparable with those of GPS. The benefits of combined GPS-Galileo positioning are also highlighted and results relative to the computation of a Galileo-only navigation solution based on broadcast ephemerides are provided.
{"title":"Testing the test satellites: the Galileo IOV measurement accuracy","authors":"A. Angrisano, S. Gaglione, C. Gioia, D. Borio, J. Fortuny-Guasch","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577253","url":null,"abstract":"The European GNSS, Galileo, is currently in its In-Orbit Validation (IOV) phase where four satellites are finally available for computing the user position. In this phase, the analysis of the measurements obtained from the IOV satellites can provide insight on the performance and potentialities of the Galileo system. In this paper, a methodology based on the use of precise orbits and ionospheric corrections is suggested for the analysis of the Galileo IOV pseudorange and pseudorange rate errors. Several hours of data were collected using a Septentrio PolarRxS receiver and used to determine figures of merits such as RMS and maximum errors of the Galileo observables. From the analysis it emerges that Galileo measurements have accuracies comparable with those of GPS. The benefits of combined GPS-Galileo positioning are also highlighted and results relative to the computation of a Galileo-only navigation solution based on broadcast ephemerides are provided.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116292247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577260
Moises Navarro Gallardo, G. Seco-Granados, G. López-Risueño, M. Crisci
The most recent generation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are implementing Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) modulation. These signals are expected to provide not only better precision in the estimation of the signal's delay and phase but also more robustness to multipath effects. The advantage of BOC signals is that the main lobe of the correlation is very narrow, but on the other hand they present side lobes. For high-order signals, the amplitude of the side lobes can be similar to the amplitude of the main one or even exceed it under specific scenarios. Some techniques to mitigate the code ambiguity exploit the fact that BOC signals can be understood as the sum of two BPSK signals. Even though these techniques achieve their objective, they lose the robustness against multipath and increase the tracking noise. This paper presents a new combination between the time delay estimated by these kind of techniques and the time delay estimated using the full BOC. The idea of the combination is the same as the carrier smoothing but instead of using the carrier measurement, two code measurements are combined. Since the delay introduced by the ionosphere is the same, or very close, using the Full-BOC and the two-BPSK techniques, as it will be shown in this paper, the smoothing time can be large values, compared with the common carrier smoothing time. Several simulations of the new code smoothing strategy for different scenarios are presented in this paper.
{"title":"Code smoothing for BOC ambiguity mitigation","authors":"Moises Navarro Gallardo, G. Seco-Granados, G. López-Risueño, M. Crisci","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577260","url":null,"abstract":"The most recent generation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are implementing Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) modulation. These signals are expected to provide not only better precision in the estimation of the signal's delay and phase but also more robustness to multipath effects. The advantage of BOC signals is that the main lobe of the correlation is very narrow, but on the other hand they present side lobes. For high-order signals, the amplitude of the side lobes can be similar to the amplitude of the main one or even exceed it under specific scenarios. Some techniques to mitigate the code ambiguity exploit the fact that BOC signals can be understood as the sum of two BPSK signals. Even though these techniques achieve their objective, they lose the robustness against multipath and increase the tracking noise. This paper presents a new combination between the time delay estimated by these kind of techniques and the time delay estimated using the full BOC. The idea of the combination is the same as the carrier smoothing but instead of using the carrier measurement, two code measurements are combined. Since the delay introduced by the ionosphere is the same, or very close, using the Full-BOC and the two-BPSK techniques, as it will be shown in this paper, the smoothing time can be large values, compared with the common carrier smoothing time. Several simulations of the new code smoothing strategy for different scenarios are presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"10 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114011769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577270
Mohd Amiruddin Abd Rahman, M. Dashti, Jie Zhang
Many management tasks, for instance optimizing placement of a new Wi-Fi or femtocell access points (AP), or detecting unauthorized transmitter (Tx), requires the ability to locate individual Tx inside buildings. Available techniques to locate Txs require extensive war driving measurements and significant computations, or complex and additional hardware. This paper presents a time-efficient method, based on only collected received signal strength (RSS) data to estimate the location of unknown Tx installed inside a multi-storey building. Three-stage algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the building's location from which the signal is transmitted from, is defined on the area map. Secondly, the floor level of the determined building on which the unknown Tx is installed, is determined. Finally, 2-dimensional location coordinates of Tx and the path loss parameters are jointly estimated. The method is evaluated using realistic simulated data obtained from iBuildNet® wireless network design and optimization tool developed by Ranplan. The simulation results confirm that developed algorithm works accurately and is especially helpful to locate an unknown Tx in changing and unknown environments.
{"title":"Localization of unknown indoor wireless transmitter","authors":"Mohd Amiruddin Abd Rahman, M. Dashti, Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577270","url":null,"abstract":"Many management tasks, for instance optimizing placement of a new Wi-Fi or femtocell access points (AP), or detecting unauthorized transmitter (Tx), requires the ability to locate individual Tx inside buildings. Available techniques to locate Txs require extensive war driving measurements and significant computations, or complex and additional hardware. This paper presents a time-efficient method, based on only collected received signal strength (RSS) data to estimate the location of unknown Tx installed inside a multi-storey building. Three-stage algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the building's location from which the signal is transmitted from, is defined on the area map. Secondly, the floor level of the determined building on which the unknown Tx is installed, is determined. Finally, 2-dimensional location coordinates of Tx and the path loss parameters are jointly estimated. The method is evaluated using realistic simulated data obtained from iBuildNet® wireless network design and optimization tool developed by Ranplan. The simulation results confirm that developed algorithm works accurately and is especially helpful to locate an unknown Tx in changing and unknown environments.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116168646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577266
J. M. Parro-Jimenez, J. López-Salcedo, R. Ioannides, M. Crisci
This paper addresses the problem of detecting the presence of spreading signal replica in GNSS receivers, a problem that is often related to the presence of non-authentic GNSS signals. In order to carry out the detection process, a super-resolution frequency-domain technique is proposed based on the well-known Pisarenko harmonic decomposition, which allows us to circumvent many of the problems encountered by non-parametric spectral methods in the presence of short data records. The proposed technique allows to detect the presence of signal replicas while at the same time, it provides an estimate of its frequencies which can be used for frequency tracking purposes in integrity monitoring applications. The performance of the proposed technique has been tested with real GNSS signals from a hardware simulator, confirming the capability of this technique to detect real-life code replicas, even when they are just a few Hz apart.
{"title":"Frequency-domain code replica detection for a GNSS receiver","authors":"J. M. Parro-Jimenez, J. López-Salcedo, R. Ioannides, M. Crisci","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577266","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of detecting the presence of spreading signal replica in GNSS receivers, a problem that is often related to the presence of non-authentic GNSS signals. In order to carry out the detection process, a super-resolution frequency-domain technique is proposed based on the well-known Pisarenko harmonic decomposition, which allows us to circumvent many of the problems encountered by non-parametric spectral methods in the presence of short data records. The proposed technique allows to detect the presence of signal replicas while at the same time, it provides an estimate of its frequencies which can be used for frequency tracking purposes in integrity monitoring applications. The performance of the proposed technique has been tested with real GNSS signals from a hardware simulator, confirming the capability of this technique to detect real-life code replicas, even when they are just a few Hz apart.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124824150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577267
M. Gamba, B. Motella, M. Pini
The extremely low power of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals makes them vulnerable to disturbances and interference from external sources. These induce distortions on the correlation function that reflect upon a degraded pseudoranges measurement and poor positioning accuracy. On the other hand, the wide spread use of GNSS receivers in critical applications demands for improved performance in terms of positioning accuracy and integrity. This paper proposes a new algorithm based on the statistical testing of post-correlation measurements to detect signal distortions and to prevent degradations in the receiver positioning performance. The application of statistical tests to GNSS is not yet deeply investigated, but some recent works already show good performance when Goodness of Fit (GoF) tests are applied to raw signal samples to detect interference. The paper presents a quality monitoring algorithm, based on the application of a statistical testing, known as sign test, applied to the post correlation stage of a GNSS receiver. Promising results are obtained to detect distortions in the correlation shape, for two different harsh environments, i.e., with the presence of interference sources and under a spoofing attack. The main advantages of the proposed method are the low complexity, the indipendence from the type of disturbance and the possibility of its application to any GNSS modulation.
{"title":"Statistical test applied to detect distortions of GNSS signals","authors":"M. Gamba, B. Motella, M. Pini","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577267","url":null,"abstract":"The extremely low power of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals makes them vulnerable to disturbances and interference from external sources. These induce distortions on the correlation function that reflect upon a degraded pseudoranges measurement and poor positioning accuracy. On the other hand, the wide spread use of GNSS receivers in critical applications demands for improved performance in terms of positioning accuracy and integrity. This paper proposes a new algorithm based on the statistical testing of post-correlation measurements to detect signal distortions and to prevent degradations in the receiver positioning performance. The application of statistical tests to GNSS is not yet deeply investigated, but some recent works already show good performance when Goodness of Fit (GoF) tests are applied to raw signal samples to detect interference. The paper presents a quality monitoring algorithm, based on the application of a statistical testing, known as sign test, applied to the post correlation stage of a GNSS receiver. Promising results are obtained to detect distortions in the correlation shape, for two different harsh environments, i.e., with the presence of interference sources and under a spoofing attack. The main advantages of the proposed method are the low complexity, the indipendence from the type of disturbance and the possibility of its application to any GNSS modulation.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127493762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577255
D. Truong, Trung Tran, T. D. Nguyen, T. H. Ta
Since December 27, 2012, the Beidou Navigation Satellite System officially started to operate. This event is a great opportunity for researchers in South East of Asia to receive and analyze the Beidou signals. After the official statement, the researchers at NAVIS centre monitored the broadcasted signal by using NAVISOFT- our Software Radio Receiver. This paper shows the analysis on the navigation message that was broadcasted by the Beidou satellites on the B1I bandwidth. In general, we were able to observe a valid ephemeris data on visible satellites. The successful PVT computation by using combinations of GEO and MEO/IGSO in static condition through code-phase measurements is indicated in this paper.
{"title":"Recent results in receiving and decoding signals from the Beidou system","authors":"D. Truong, Trung Tran, T. D. Nguyen, T. H. Ta","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577255","url":null,"abstract":"Since December 27, 2012, the Beidou Navigation Satellite System officially started to operate. This event is a great opportunity for researchers in South East of Asia to receive and analyze the Beidou signals. After the official statement, the researchers at NAVIS centre monitored the broadcasted signal by using NAVISOFT- our Software Radio Receiver. This paper shows the analysis on the navigation message that was broadcasted by the Beidou satellites on the B1I bandwidth. In general, we were able to observe a valid ephemeris data on visible satellites. The successful PVT computation by using combinations of GEO and MEO/IGSO in static condition through code-phase measurements is indicated in this paper.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131305448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577278
J. Talvitie, E. Lohan
This paper introduces a novel approach to model Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurements in cellular networks for user positioning needs. The RSS measurements are simulated by constructing a synthetic statistical cellular network, based on empirical data collected from a real life network. These statistics include conventional path loss model parameters, shadowing phenomenon including spatial correlation, and probabilities describing how many cell identities are measured at a time. The performance of user terminal positioning in the synthetic model is compared with real life measurement scenario by using a fingerprinting based K-nearest neighbor algorithm. It is shown that the obtained position error distributions match well with each other. The main advantage of the introduced network design is the possibility to study the performance of various position algorithms without requiring extensive measurement campaigns. In particular the model is useful in dimensioning different radio environment scenarios and support in preplanning of measurement campaigns. In addition, repeating the modeling process with different random values, it is possible to study uncommon occurrences in the system which would be difficult to reveal with limited real life measurement sets.
{"title":"Modeling Received Signal Strength measurements for cellular network based positioning","authors":"J. Talvitie, E. Lohan","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577278","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel approach to model Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurements in cellular networks for user positioning needs. The RSS measurements are simulated by constructing a synthetic statistical cellular network, based on empirical data collected from a real life network. These statistics include conventional path loss model parameters, shadowing phenomenon including spatial correlation, and probabilities describing how many cell identities are measured at a time. The performance of user terminal positioning in the synthetic model is compared with real life measurement scenario by using a fingerprinting based K-nearest neighbor algorithm. It is shown that the obtained position error distributions match well with each other. The main advantage of the introduced network design is the possibility to study the performance of various position algorithms without requiring extensive measurement campaigns. In particular the model is useful in dimensioning different radio environment scenarios and support in preplanning of measurement campaigns. In addition, repeating the modeling process with different random values, it is possible to study uncommon occurrences in the system which would be difficult to reveal with limited real life measurement sets.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123792872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577280
Stefan Junker, T. Schüler
Atmospheric sounding is an important scientific GNSS application: knowledge of the water vapor distribution is fundamental for weather and climate prediction and can be improved by ground GNSS networks and occultation measurements. All present global and regional navigation satellite systems use frequencies in L-band, which is getting more and more crowded. To generate a larger variety of frequency options and to avoid some of the frequency-dependent errors in navigation, S-and C-band offers some interesting opportunities for scientific applications using GNSS. This paper shows the benefit of S- and C-band for retrieval of atmospheric parameters related to both the troposphere and the ionosphere. The concept comprises the development of models and algorithms for C-band data generation and its processing. A clear advantage of L-C-band combinations over traditional L-band-only linear combinations was successfully demonstrated for ground-based methods as well as radio occultation scenarios.
{"title":"Advantages of C-band and L-band atmospheric remote sensing","authors":"Stefan Junker, T. Schüler","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577280","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric sounding is an important scientific GNSS application: knowledge of the water vapor distribution is fundamental for weather and climate prediction and can be improved by ground GNSS networks and occultation measurements. All present global and regional navigation satellite systems use frequencies in L-band, which is getting more and more crowded. To generate a larger variety of frequency options and to avoid some of the frequency-dependent errors in navigation, S-and C-band offers some interesting opportunities for scientific applications using GNSS. This paper shows the benefit of S- and C-band for retrieval of atmospheric parameters related to both the troposphere and the ionosphere. The concept comprises the development of models and algorithms for C-band data generation and its processing. A clear advantage of L-C-band combinations over traditional L-band-only linear combinations was successfully demonstrated for ground-based methods as well as radio occultation scenarios.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122917127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577269
D. Margaria, E. Falletti, A. Bagnasco, F. Parizzi, Augusto Torchi
This paper discusses some technical problems and proposes a solution related to the implementation of a robust switching between single-side and double-side lobe tracking modes in case of BOC modulated signals, in particular BOC(M,N), with M, N > 1. It is demonstrated that typical group delay distortions due to wide-band front-end filters can potentially lead to code tracking biases, increasing the risk of false locks and degrading the performance of the BOC tracking loops. These effects represent also a potential problem for the coexistence of the side-lobe switching functionality with other advanced algorithms in professional-grade GNSS receivers. These practical issues are investigated and a possible solution is demonstrated by means of simulation results, considering the BOC(M,N) modulations in the Galileo E1a and E6a bandwidths.
{"title":"Impact of the group delay on BOC(M,N) tracking: Potential filter issues in robust side-lobe switching for high-order BOC modulations","authors":"D. Margaria, E. Falletti, A. Bagnasco, F. Parizzi, Augusto Torchi","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577269","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses some technical problems and proposes a solution related to the implementation of a robust switching between single-side and double-side lobe tracking modes in case of BOC modulated signals, in particular BOC(M,N), with M, N > 1. It is demonstrated that typical group delay distortions due to wide-band front-end filters can potentially lead to code tracking biases, increasing the risk of false locks and degrading the performance of the BOC tracking loops. These effects represent also a potential problem for the coexistence of the side-lobe switching functionality with other advanced algorithms in professional-grade GNSS receivers. These practical issues are investigated and a possible solution is demonstrated by means of simulation results, considering the BOC(M,N) modulations in the Galileo E1a and E6a bandwidths.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133185268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-25DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577282
N. Pierdicca, L. Guerriero, M. Caparrini, A. Egido, S. Paloscia, E. Santi, N. Floury
The work presented in this paper has been carried out with the aim of interpreting the data of a GNSS Reflectometer (GNSS-R) over land. The problem involves the analysis of bistatic scattering of the incoming signal collected around the specular direction. This requires to model the coherent component associated to the mean surface and the diffuse incoherent component due to roughness at wavelength scale. In presence of vegetation, both components will be affected, the former mainly because of the canopy attenuation and the latter for the combined effect of attenuation and volume scattering. The paper reviews the problem and presents the approach followed to develop a simulator of GNSS-R data over land, aiming to support potential applications of GNSS-R for soil moisture and biomass retrieval.
{"title":"GNSS Reflectometry as a tool to retrieve soil moisture and vegetation biomass: Experimental and theoretical activities","authors":"N. Pierdicca, L. Guerriero, M. Caparrini, A. Egido, S. Paloscia, E. Santi, N. Floury","doi":"10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2013.6577282","url":null,"abstract":"The work presented in this paper has been carried out with the aim of interpreting the data of a GNSS Reflectometer (GNSS-R) over land. The problem involves the analysis of bistatic scattering of the incoming signal collected around the specular direction. This requires to model the coherent component associated to the mean surface and the diffuse incoherent component due to roughness at wavelength scale. In presence of vegetation, both components will be affected, the former mainly because of the canopy attenuation and the latter for the combined effect of attenuation and volume scattering. The paper reviews the problem and presents the approach followed to develop a simulator of GNSS-R data over land, aiming to support potential applications of GNSS-R for soil moisture and biomass retrieval.","PeriodicalId":113867,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS)","volume":"693 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131920203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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